Informacja

Drogi użytkowniku, aplikacja do prawidłowego działania wymaga obsługi JavaScript. Proszę włącz obsługę JavaScript w Twojej przeglądarce.

English (EN)·Polski (PL)·Yкраїнський (UK)
Przejdź do strony domowej biblioteki Centralna Biblioteka Wojskowa Link otwiera się w nowym oknie Logo biblioteki Prolib Integro - strona głównaCentralna Biblioteka Wojskowa

Wyszukujesz frazę "russia" wg kryterium: Temat

  Lista filtrów
Wyrównaj
Wyświetlanie 1-15 z 107
Tytuł:
The Place of NATO in Russian Security Policy in The 21st Century – Overview of The Matter
Autorzy:
Lisiakiewicz, Rafał
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2003760.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017-12-31
Wydawca:
Wydawnictwo Adam Marszałek
Tematy:
NATO
Polska
Russia
security
Opis:
In 2006 Dimitry Trenin stated that Russia left the West and began to work on creation of her own sphere on influence. The area of Russian activity in particular was the post-Soviet zone where Moscow wanted to rebuild their dominant position. Sergey Karaganow added: “Moscow has realized that she neither wants to nor she can afford to integrate with the West on the conditions proposed by the West – the type of integration without the right of veto”38. Alexander Dugin, an Euro-Asian ideologist claimed: “We proved that we did not give a damn about NATO and we were not afraid of it. We have the nuclear weapon and we are ready to use it. Russia crossed the line from which she can not withdraw anymore. This is a course for the revival of Russian sovereignty and the position of regional power – in practice, not just in words”39. The above quotations reflect the Russian attitude to the NATO and show the role of this organization for Russia. Undoubtedly, the Alliance is perceived by Russia as a threat and a rival. The reasons of such perception are primarily the Alliance’s claims to play the role of a “guardian” of global peace, attempts to interfere in the area recognized by Russia as her sphere of influence, strengthening the position of NATO in Eastern Europe and project of development new defence technologies such as missile defence. Since the 90s Russia consistently has been trying to undermine the importance of NATO and to put it into the frame of international structures of security governance. In 2010 minister Sergey Lavrov argued that NATO is a relic of a bygone era and should be subjugated to the principles of the UN Security Council.
Źródło:
Krakowskie Studia Małopolskie; 2017, 22; 76-87
1643-6911
Pojawia się w:
Krakowskie Studia Małopolskie
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Sacralisation and Purification of the Nation in the Polish and Russian Nationalist Thought?
Autorzy:
Bäcker, Roman
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2028125.pdf
Data publikacji:
2009-12-31
Wydawca:
Wydawnictwo Adam Marszałek
Tematy:
National Identity
Russia
Polska
Opis:
Both in the Polish and Russian language the term ‘nation’ is understood in a slightly different way than the English word ‘nation’. It is understood not only in cultural but also political terms, and in numerous contexts it is used to denote ‘the people’ or an ‘ethnic nation/ethnos’. Thus, when we use words ‘nation, nationality, narodnost’, sometimes only the context makes it possible to decide whether we mean the nation, nation or ethnos. However, this lack of clear distinction in the colloquial discourse should not make one conclude that there are not fully shaped nations in Poland and Russia. It is just that the colloquial discourse fails to notice these vague distinctions. In the scientific discourse in both countries, these differentiations have been precisely defined and used for a long time.
Źródło:
Polish Political Science Yearbook; 2009, 38; 123-129
0208-7375
Pojawia się w:
Polish Political Science Yearbook
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Demography as a security strategy factor in Poland and the Russian Federation
Autorzy:
Diec, Joachim
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2152169.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Krakowska Akademia im. Andrzeja Frycza Modrzewskiego
Tematy:
Russia
Polska
security
demography
demographics
Opis:
The study focuses on the major perceptions of demographic security in Poland and Russia, regarded as an aspect of both social and state security. Demographics as a political topic has been increasingly more often exploited as a key theme in official narratives and practical policies. The similarities in the demographic dynamics in both countries, as well as conditional failures of demographic policies, may not necessarily result from evident mistakes, but are probably a result of a complex set of social factors, including the regularities of demographic development in the past. It is quite clear, however, that the Polish political narratives and declared set of state objectives concentrate rather on the social sphere, whereas the Russian rhetoric and policy are clearly more state oriented.
Źródło:
Bezpieczeństwo. Teoria i Praktyka; 2022, XLVI, 1; 27-45
1899-6264
2451-0718
Pojawia się w:
Bezpieczeństwo. Teoria i Praktyka
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Operation “Sluice”. The so-called migration crisis at the Polish-Belarussian border: an example of hybrid actions taken in the second half of 2021 as documented in the reports of the Polish border guard
Autorzy:
Baziur, Grzegorz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2152176.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Krakowska Akademia im. Andrzeja Frycza Modrzewskiego
Tematy:
migration crisis
Polska
Belarus
Russia
disinformation
Opis:
This article is a cognitive-analytical text that looks at the so-called “migration crisis”, which turned out to be an attempt to destabilise the situation on the border between Belarus and Poland, Lithuania and Latvia in 2021. Following the introduction, which outlines the main goals and theses of the article, the author looks at the origins of the operation by the name of “sluice”, and the nature of the “migration crisis” on the Polish-Belarusian border in the period from August to December 2021. On the basis of the information available, retrieved mainly from the official website of the Border Guard, the author has attempted to describe the operation of the Belarusian authorities and border services in the process of bringing migrants to Belarus, and then “transferring” them over to Poland and other countries of the European Union. The text ends with a summary of the issues raised, and an attempt to outline the prospects of bringing the crisis to an end.
Źródło:
Bezpieczeństwo. Teoria i Praktyka; 2022, XLVI, 1; 133-150
1899-6264
2451-0718
Pojawia się w:
Bezpieczeństwo. Teoria i Praktyka
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Factors Affecting the Use of Outplacement in the Banking Sectors of Poland and Russia
Czy outplacement jest bardziej popularny w Polsce niż w Rosji? Czynniki wpływające na popularność korzystania z outplacementu
Autorzy:
Kaźmierczyk, Jerzy
Tarasova, Anna
Andrianova, Elena
Baszyński, Adam
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/295419.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Zielonogórski. Wydział Ekonomii i Zarządzania
Tematy:
outplacement
bank
Polska
Russia
Polska
Rosja
Opis:
Outplacement is a rare HRM tool; hence there is also a lack of research on it. In turn, banks are treated as enterprises that implemented modern management solutions faster than other companies in the countries of Central and Eastern Europe. The bank is a good entity for outplacement testing. Both Poland and Russia belong to the CEE countries. The Polish economy has been promoted to a group of developed countries. The Polish banking sector relies much more on foreign capital than in Russia, which may be important for the development of outplacement. The main aim of this paper is to reveal and explain the differences in the popularity of outplacement in Russian and Polish banks. This article uses survey data collected in Poland and Russia from over 2,000 bank employees. Mann-Whitney test, correlations and discriminant analysis were used. Employees of the Polish banking sector more often than Russian workers noted the absence of any support for dismissed workers (Poland 30%, Russia 23%). Available outplacement forms differentiated in Poland and Russia. A little more focus on counselling support was observed in Poland, and on material support in Russia. The most important factors influencing outplacement were: occupied position, size of locality, sex, work experience in banking, country.
Outplacement jest rzadko spotykanym narzędziem HRM; stąd brakuje również badań na jego temat. Z kolei banki w krajach Europy Środkowej i Wschodniej są traktowane jako przedsiębiorstwa, które szybciej niż inne wdrażały nowoczesne rozwiązania zarządcze. Bank jest dobrym podmiotem do badania outplacementu. Zarówno Polska, jak i Rosja należą do krajów EŚW. Polska gospodarka awansowała do grupy krajów rozwiniętych. Rosyjski sektor bankowy w znacznie mniejszym stopniu niż w Polsce opiera się o kapitał zagraniczny, co może mieć znaczenie dla rozwoju outplacementu. Głównym celem tego artykułu jest pokazanie i wyjaśnienie różnic w popularności outplacementu w bankach rosyjskich i polskich. W niniejszym artykule wykorzystano dane ankietowe zebrano w Polsce i Rosji od ponad 2000 pracowników banków. Zastosowano test Manna-Whitneya, korelacje oraz analizę dyskryminacyjną. Pracownicy sektora bankowego w Polsce częściej niż w Rosji zauważyli brak wsparcia dla zwolnionych (w Polsce 30%, w Rosji 23%). Dostępne formy outplacementu różniły się w Polsce i Rosji. W Polsce nieco większy nacisk położono na wsparcie i poradnictwo, a w Rosji na wsparcie materialne. Najważniejsze czynniki wpływające na outplacement to: zajmowane stanowisko, wielkość miejscowości, płeć, doświadczenie zawodowe w bankowości oraz kraj.
Źródło:
Management; 2019, 23, 2; 263-280
1429-9321
2299-193X
Pojawia się w:
Management
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
„Pokazać, że jesteś kobietą”. Konflikty o wygląd partnerki w małżeństwach polsko-rosyjskich
“Show that You Are a Woman”. Conflicts Connected with a Female-Partner’s Appearance in Polish-Russian Marriag
Autorzy:
Busygina-Wojtas, Tatiana
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/635399.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
Tematy:
Russia
Polska
mixed marriage
femininity
identity
clothes
Opis:
Partners in Polish-Russian couples have different opinions concerning women’s appearence. Stressing femininity and paying much attention to attractiveness of a female-partner seems to be very important to Russian partners of both sexes. In this paper, this phenomenon is analyzed from two perspectives. The gender perspective pays special attention to the diversities in the evolution of partiarchal model in Poland and Russia. The analysis from the perspective of cultural anthropology leads to the conclusion about manifestation of Russian identity in Polish-Russian relations. Concidering “femininity” an important category and laying a metaphysical emphasis on it seems to be one of the ways of the “being Russian” manifestation.
Źródło:
Poznańskie Studia Slawistyczne; 2016, 11; 201-217
2084-3011
Pojawia się w:
Poznańskie Studia Slawistyczne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Orthodoxy – the symbolic language of the drama July by Ivan Vyrypaev
Autorzy:
Karlikowska-Pąsiek, Magdalena Małgorzata
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/628182.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Fundacja Pro Scientia Publica
Tematy:
Orthodoxy
theatre
Vyrypaev
symbols
demons
Polska
Russia
Opis:
Aim. The aim of the paper is to interpret and analyse Orthodox symbols through the prism of the Orthodox theology. Methods. The senses of the Orthodox symbolism as proposed by the artist are not always compliant with Orthodox doctrine. Therefore, in order to fully understand the sense of Ivan Vyrypaev’s drama, it is necessary to first decode the Orthodox symbols that make up the language of the work discussed. For this reason, the major Orthodox symbols occurring in July will be listed at the very beginning of the paper. Then, they will be discussed in the context of the Orthodox theology as well as the artist’s own words. This task will contribute to the decoding of the language of I. Vyrypaev’s work. Results. According to I. Vyrypaev, the cruelty of a patient of the Smolensk madhouse is an inverted hierarchy of values which at the same time serves as his path of inquiry. On the other hand, the superficial attitudes, such as good, culture, humanitarianism, liberal values or democracy are obstacles (demons) which he has to overcome in order to find himself and God. The Orthodox symbols in July are allegories by means of which the author wants to show the main hero’s path to the truth. Furthermore, a justification for this way of thinking is one of the mottos that I. Vyrypaev included in July.             Conclusions. In the drama July, I. Vyrypaev utilised the following sacral symbols: the theological significance of the Church in the Orthodox faith, the idea of communality, the concept of Orthodox humility as well as the idea of deification and martyrdom. The threads of the Orthodox symbolism used by I. Vyrypaev are superficial and should not be interpreted literally. The author consciously inverts the hierarchy of the Orthodox symbols in his work in order to show the bewilderment and corruption of the modern society. In the drama July I. Vyrypaev is more focused on being inspired by the Orthodox culture than on closely reflecting its senses. The symbolism of the altar and the ideas of martyrdom as applied in July are similar to the Christian symbols in the Roman Catholic approach.
Źródło:
Journal of Education Culture and Society; 2019, 10, 2; 233-238
2081-1640
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Education Culture and Society
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Wizerunek nauki i naukowca w aspekcie kulturowo-cywilizacyjnym: Polska – Ukraina – Rosja
The image of science and scientist in the cultural and civilization aspect: Poland – Ukraine – Russia
Autorzy:
Leszczak, Oleg
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1374186.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warmińsko-Mazurski w Olsztynie
Tematy:
image of science
Polska
Ukraine
Russia
culture
civilization
Opis:
The purpose of the article is to show the dependence of the image on the cultural and civilizational factors determining it, i.e. from the system of stereotypes and conceptual representations that dominate in a particular society. As an example of such causation in the formation of a socially significant image, were chosen the science and the scientist, and Russia, Ukraine and Poland – as an example of cultural and civilizational space. In various cultural and civilization types science can be treated as secret or utilitarian knowledge, as sanctioned knowledge, as inspired knowledge, as a critical discourse or as a product and commodity.
Źródło:
Przegląd Wschodnioeuropejski; 2020, XI, 2; 47-61
2081-1128
Pojawia się w:
Przegląd Wschodnioeuropejski
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Między ratio a emotum. Polsko-rosyjskie postrzeganie wzajemne w perspektywie binarnej
Between ratio and emotum. Polish-Russian mutual perception in a binary perspective
Autorzy:
Nakoneczny, Tomasz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1806988.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021-10-14
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
Tematy:
rationality
binarity
stereotypes
literature
postcolonial studies
Polska
Russia
Opis:
A characteristic feature of Polish-Russian mutual perception is binarity, manifesting itself in various discursive spaces, from colloquial stereotypes, through popular literature, to sophisticated forms of meta-historical discourse. Asian-Europeanness, Latin-Byzantism/Orthodoxy, collectivism-individualism, and authenticity-falsehood, are just some of the oppositions that organise the social imagination of Poles and Russians in the sphere of their mutual assessments and opinions. The article draws attention to the partial manifestations of such oppositions (literary discourse, postcolonial studies, etc.) in order to show their hidden, dialectical dimension. To achieve this goal, the author refers to the category of ratio and emotum, which refers to a specific current of the European philosophical tradition. Both of these binary categories are the foundation for creating an image of the Other. They also fit into self-defining strategies important for understanding Polish and Russian identity.
Źródło:
Studia Rossica Posnaniensia; 2021, 46, 2; 147-162
0081-6884
Pojawia się w:
Studia Rossica Posnaniensia
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Civil society in danger. Polish perception of the Ukrainian crisis
Autorzy:
Pieńkowski, P.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/348383.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Akademia Wojsk Lądowych imienia generała Tadeusza Kościuszki
Tematy:
Polska
Ukraine
Russia
crisis
civil society
social perception
Opis:
This article presents the impact of the Ukrainian crisis on the Polish civil society. At the beginning, the author describes the history and the present of the Polish-Ukrainian relations. Then the author analyses social perception of the crisis, which induces both interest and fear. According to the pools, we support Ukrainian integrity or prefer to stay neutral; there is lack of support for Russia or the separatists. Our feeling of insecurity is much higher than in other countries of Central and Eastern Europe. In the article, social activity is listed, such as demonstrations of solidarity or humanitarian aid. The author also evaluates, to what extent is the Polish civil society a functional background for the Polish government decision-making process.
Źródło:
Zeszyty Naukowe / Wyższa Szkoła Oficerska Wojsk Lądowych im. gen. T. Kościuszki; 2015, 3; 69-87
1731-8157
Pojawia się w:
Zeszyty Naukowe / Wyższa Szkoła Oficerska Wojsk Lądowych im. gen. T. Kościuszki
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
“Right to Truth” and Memory Laws: General Rules and Practical Implications
Autorzy:
Baranowska, Grażyna
Gliszczyńska-Grabias, Aleksandra
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/594538.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Wydawnictwo Adam Marszałek
Tematy:
right to truth
memory laws
Ukraine
Polska
Russia
Opis:
The “right to truth” relates to the obligation of the state to provide information about the circumstances surrounding serious violations of human rights. Despite its increasing recognition, the concept raises questions as to its scope and implementation as well as its existence as a free-standing right. Similarly, “memory laws” relate to the way states deal with their past. However, there are certain „memory laws” that, while officially serving as a guarantee for accessing historical truth, lead to its deformation. As a result, an “alternative” truth, based on the will of the legislators, is being imposed. In this article, the authors elaborate on the general nature of the new legal phenomenon of the „right to truth”, as a tool of transitional justice, in particular in the context of both providing and abusing historical truth by the legislators, through the instrument of “memory laws”.
Źródło:
Polish Political Science Yearbook; 2018, 1 (47); 97-109
0208-7375
Pojawia się w:
Polish Political Science Yearbook
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Europa Środkowa jako obszar projektowania geopolitycznego
Central Europe as a Geopolitical Projecting Area
Autorzy:
Świder, Konrad
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/558315.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warszawski. Centrum Europejskie
Tematy:
Central Europe
Polska
Russia
Germany
Intermarium
Three Seas Initiative
Opis:
The problem of the geopolitical constructing of Central Europe appeared at the end of the 18th century. It was connected with several circumstances: the liquidation of the First Polish Republic as the largest Central European state; displacing Turkish influence from the Balkans; the modern nation-building processes and national movements of dominated nations that were initiated at this time and in this region. Attempts to geopolitical regulate the status of Central Europe because of the political dependability of this area were taken by external centers. It was element of the game between the global powers. The first striving in this direction can be seen in the Napoleonic era – in the policy of the French Emperor, Napoleon Bonaparte; then in Russian and later German and British projects. Then – already in the 20th century – such projects tried to undertake the elite of the reborn Poland, an eagerly seeking allies with which it could create a strong geopolitical alternative for Germany and Russia. Such project or perhaps more idea was the pre-war concept of Intermarium, and now it is the Three Seas Initiative. This article will provide an overview of all these conceptions.
Źródło:
Studia Europejskie - Studies in European Affairs; 2018, 2; 11-32
1428-149X
2719-3780
Pojawia się w:
Studia Europejskie - Studies in European Affairs
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Post-Socialist Mobility Cultures
Autorzy:
White, Anne
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/22858269.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022-12-12
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Socjologiczne
Tematy:
Post-socialism
migration culture
livelihood strategies
Ukraine
Russia
Polska
Opis:
The concept of migration culture is sometimes used to suggest that migration became normalised in particular sending locations. It is helpful however to explore the cultural context of migration more thoroughly, investigating norms and beliefs about how to ‘do’ migration. I analyse why cultures change, and how this links to broader changes in society. In some respects post-2014 Ukrainian migration to Poland and, for example, Polish migration pre-2004 are strikingly similar, for example regarding informal networks, and migration to finance children’s higher education. To some extent Ukrainian migration can be labelled ‘post-socialist.’ I argue however that it is also shaped by the specific 21st century context, such as enhanced opportunities for communication between migrants and potential migrants on social media and in receiving countries, as well as Ukrainians’ encounters in Poland with Polish return migrants. Hence Ukrainian mobility discourses and practices have to be studied transnationally, not just locally.
Źródło:
Polish Sociological Review; 2022, 220, 4; 443-456
1231-1413
2657-4276
Pojawia się w:
Polish Sociological Review
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Polska i Polacy w dylogii Siergieja Łukjanienki Brudnopis, Czystopis
Poland and Poles in the dilogy of Sergey Lukyanenko „Rough Draft”, „Final Draft”
Autorzy:
Zywert, Aleksandra
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/482235.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warmińsko-Mazurski w Olsztynie
Tematy:
Sergei Lukyanenko
urban fantasy
Russia
Polska
Rough Draft
Final Draft
Opis:
The research material in this work is the dilogy of Sergey Lukyanenko Rough Draft (Черновик, 2005) and Final Draft (Чистовик, 2007). In the first part (Rough Draft) the author focuses on the image of modern Russia, while in the second part (Final Draft) he expands his observations into Poland and its people. The image presented by the author notably duplicates ethnic and cultural stereotypes about Poland and Poles, fixed in the common consciousness of Russians. As a result, despite the objectivity declared by the author, it is difficult to consider the discussed novels a breakthrough in the context of the process of overcoming mutual prejudices between the neighboring nations on the basis of the literature.
Źródło:
Acta Polono-Ruthenica; 2017, 1, XXII; 51-62
1427-549X
Pojawia się w:
Acta Polono-Ruthenica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
К вопросу о путях достижения национальной безопасности в условиях глобализации: проблемы теории и практики в контексте внешней политики России и Польши
To the question of how to achieve national security during the eve of globalization: problems of theory and practice in the context of Russias and Poland foreign policy
Autorzy:
Романов, Владимир
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/565236.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016-07-01
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Przyrodniczo-Humanistyczny w Siedlcach
Tematy:
национальная безопасность
глобализация
Россия
Польша
national security
globalization
Russia
Polska
Opis:
В статье рассмотрены изменения в трактовках понятия национальной безопасности, происшедшие под влиянием глобализационных процессов. Автор показывает как на политику обеспечения безопасности отдельных стран воздействуют особенности формирования и развития современного миропорядка. На основе анализа базовых документов в области национальной безопасности России и Польши в статье сравниваются приоритеты каждой страны в этой сфере, проявившиеся в конце ХХ – начале XXI века. Дана оценка не только общим позициям, но и различиям в подходах двух стран к проблемам достижения собственной национальной безопасности.
The article examines changes in the interpretation of the concept of national security under the influence of globalization. The author reveals the impact of formation and development of the contemporary world order on the security policy of separately taken countries. Based on analysis of the Russia’s and Poland’s basic documents in the field of national security he compares the priorities of each country in this sphere during the end of XX – beginning of XXI century. The conclusion demonstrates not only common positions, but also differences in the two countries’ approaches to the problems of their own national security.
Źródło:
De Securitate et Defensione. O Bezpieczeństwie i Obronności; 2016, 1(2); 7-15
2450-5005
Pojawia się w:
De Securitate et Defensione. O Bezpieczeństwie i Obronności
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Wyświetlanie 1-15 z 107

Ta witryna wykorzystuje pliki cookies do przechowywania informacji na Twoim komputerze. Pliki cookies stosujemy w celu świadczenia usług na najwyższym poziomie, w tym w sposób dostosowany do indywidualnych potrzeb. Korzystanie z witryny bez zmiany ustawień dotyczących cookies oznacza, że będą one zamieszczane w Twoim komputerze. W każdym momencie możesz dokonać zmiany ustawień dotyczących cookies