Temat: suspended matter - Katalog OPAC zbiorów

Skocz do pozycji: 1.

Tytuł:: Variations in organic matter bound in fluffy layer suspended matter from the Pomeranian Bay (Baltic Sea)
Autorzy:: Pazdro, K.
Staniszewski, A.
Beldowski, J.
Emeis, K.C.
Leipe, T.
Pempkowiak, J.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/48410.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2001
Wydawca:: Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Oceanologii PAN
Tematy:: organic matter
Pomeranian Bay
suspended matter
lipid
fluffy layer suspended matter
Baltic Sea
sediment
fatty acid
Opis:: Fluffy layer suspended matter (FLSM) and surface sediment samples from the Pomeranian Bay were examined for fatty acid, lipid and organic matter contents. FLSM is a several-centimetre-thick layer of fairly concentrated particulate matter lying on the sea floor significantly affecting the flux of matter to depositional basins. Analyses of fatty acids were used to establish sources and decomposition rates of labile organic matter along a transect from the shallow, highly dynamic, Odra estuary to the Arkona Basin, a deep, low energy, depositional area. In FLSM and sediments respectively, the ranges of organic matter contents were 4.0–25.0% and 5.1–23.0%, those of lipids 0.1–5.4% and 0.30–1.67%, and those of fatty acids 50–991 μg g−1 dry wt. and 100–546 μg g−1 dry wt. In shallow waters, the contents of these compounds are very variable, mirroring variations in biological activity and hydrological conditions. The high percentage of polyunsaturated fatty acids in shallow areas indicates the presence of fresh, undegraded, labile organic matter of autochthonous origin. Fatty acids, the most labile components, are transported as suspended matter attached to minerals and finally accumulated in the depositional area in the form of condensed organic macromolecules. The intensity of bacterial decomposition of organic matter in this system is reflected in the high percentage of branched fatty acids. The low fatty acid content in the organic matter is attributed to the high rate of decomposition of the labile organic matter. No linear correlation was found between the contents of fatty acids and lipids.
Źródło:: Oceanologia; 2001, 43, 4
0078-3234
Pojawia się w:: Oceanologia
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 2.

Tytuł:: The contribution of the fine sediment fraction to the Fluffy Layer Suspended Matter (FLSM)
Autorzy:: Pempkowiak, J.
Beldowski, J.
Pazdro, K.
Staniszewski, A.
Leipe, T.
Emeis, K.C.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/48591.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2002
Wydawca:: Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Oceanologii PAN
Tematy:: sediment fraction
Pomeranian Bay
Fluffy Layer Suspended Matter
polonium
Baltic Sea
radioisotope
sea floor
lead
Opis:: Fluffy Layer Suspended Matter (FLSM) is a layer of fairly concentrated suspended matter resting on the sea floor. Its passage to the depositional basins in the Pomeranian Bay – Arkona Deep System of the Baltic Sea is estimated to take around six months. In the course of this migration, the properties of FLSM change as a result of ageing and the influx of fresh particles from the water column, and possibly also because of mass exchange with the uppermost sediment layers. Measurements of radioisotopes (210Po, 210Pb, 137Cs) have demonstrated that in shallow water this topmost layer of sediments, from 8 cm to 3 cm in thickness, is subject to mixing. This creates redox profiles favourable to biota and bioturbation. Basing on 210Pb/210Po disequilibria and the 210Po excess, it was estimated that under steady state conditions from 1.5 to 2.2% of fine fraction (FSF) in the mixed layer of sediments is freshly imported from FLSM. This implies replacement of FSF from the sediments and its incorporation into FLSM. On the assumption that the surface density of FLSM is 10 mg cm−2, FSF freshly exported from sediments actually comprises up to 15% of FLSM. Therefore, the properties of FLSM are strongly influenced by the processes taking place in the sediments, although FLSM by definition is independent of sediments.
Źródło:: Oceanologia; 2002, 44, 4
0078-3234
Pojawia się w:: Oceanologia
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 3.

Tytuł:: Improvement of MERIS level 2 products in Baltic Sea coastal areas by applying the Improved Contrast between Ocean and Land processor (ICOL) - data analysis and validation
Autorzy:: Kratzer, S.
Vinterhav, C.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/48296.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2010
Wydawca:: Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Oceanologii PAN
Tematy:: MERIS standard processor
FUB processor
C2E process
Baltic Sea
coastal area
data analysis
validation
spectral reflectance
open sea
remote sensing
water quality
atmosphere
water body
total suspended matter
suspended particulate matter
organic matter
Opis:: In this paper we compare the following MERIS processors against sea-truthing data: the standard MERIS processor (MEGS 7.4.1), the Case 2 Regional processor (C2R) of the German Institute for Coastal Research (GKSS), and the Case 2Water Properties processor developed at the Freie Universit¨at Berlin (FUB). Furthermore, the Improved Contrast between Ocean and Land processor (ICOL), a prototype processor for the correction of adjacency effects from land, was tested on all three processors, and the retrieval of level 2 data was evaluated against sea-truthing data before and after ICOL processing. The results show that by using ICOL the retrieval of spectral reflectance in the open sea was improved for all processors. After ICOL processing, the FUB showed rather small errors in the blue, but underestimated in the red −34% Mean Normalised Bias (MNB) and 37% Root Mean Square (RMS). For MEGS the reflectance in the red was underestimated by about −20% MNB and 23% RMS, whereas the reflectance in the other channels was well predicted, even without any ICOL processing. The C2R underestimated the red with about −27% MNB and 29% RMS and at 412 nm it overestimated the reflectance with about 23% MNB and 29% RMS. At the outer open sea stations ICOL processing did not have a strong effect: the effect of the processor diminishes progressively up to 30 km from land. At the open sea stations the ICOL processor improved chlorophyll retrieval using MEGS from −74% to about 34% MNB, and TSM retrieval from −63% to about 22% MNB. Using FUB in combination with ICOL gave even better results for both chlorophyll (25% MNB and 45% RMS) and TSM (−4% MNB and 36% RMS) in the open Baltic Sea. All three processors predicted TSM rather well, but the standard processor gave the best results (−12% MNB and 17% RMS). The C2R had a very low MNB for TSM (1%), but a rather high RMS (54%). The FUB was intermediate with −16% MNB and 31% RMS. In coastal waters, the spectral diffuse attenuation coefficient Kd(490) was well predicted using FUB or MEGS in combination with ICOL (MNB about 12% for FUB and 0.4% for MEGS). Chlorophyll was rather well predicted in the open Baltic Sea using FUB with ICOL (MNB 25%) and even without ICOL processing (MNB about 15%). ICOL-processed MEGS data also gave rather good retrieval of chlorophyll in the coastal areas (MNB of 19% and RMS of 28%). In the open Baltic Sea chlorophyll retrieval gave a MNB of 34% and RMS of 70%, which may be due to the considerable patchiness caused by cyanobacterial blooms. The results presented here indicate that with the MERIS mission, ESA and co- workers are in the process of solving some of the main issues regarding the remote sensing of coastal waters: spatial resolution; land-water adjacency effects; improved level 2 product retrieval in the Baltic Sea, i.e. the retrieval of spectral reflectance and of the water quality products TSM and chlorophyll.
Źródło:: Oceanologia; 2010, 52, 2; 211-236
0078-3234
Pojawia się w:: Oceanologia
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 4.

Tytuł:: Metal pollutants and radionuclides in the Baltic Sea - an overview
Autorzy:: Szefer, P.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/48734.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2002
Wydawca:: Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Oceanologii PAN
Tematy:: fish
trace element
metal pollutant
suspended matter
plankton
zoobenthos
sea water
Baltic Sea
biomonitor
chemical balance
marine mammal
radionuclide
pollution
metal
Baltic ecosystem
Opis:: This overview presents in detail the state of knowledge of the abilities of various components of the Baltic Sea environment to accumulate trace elements and radionuclides. Particular components of the Baltic ecosystem (abiotic and biotic) are considered as potential monitors of pollutants. The use of seaweeds, e.g. Fucus vesiculosus or Zostera marina is recommended, also molluscs, e.g. Mytilus edulis, for biomonitoring surveys of metal pollutants and radionuclides in the Baltic Sea. However, several requirements need to be met if results are to be reliable. Since metal levels and radionuclide activities in the growing tips of F. vesiculosus reflect exclusively the levels of their dissolved species in the ambient seawater, this alga is very useful for monitoring dissolved species of metal pollutants and radioisotopes in the Baltic ecosystem. In contrast, M. edulis, a filter feeder is an appropriate tool for monitoring trace elements occurring in both chemical forms, i.e. dissolved and suspended species. Therefore, full information on the bioavailability and toxicity of heavy metals (depending on their chemical speciation) as pollutants of the Baltic Sea can be obtained if at least two biomonitoring organisms are applied simultaneously, e.g. F. vesiculosus and M. edulis. Moreover, the data matrix can be interpreted more accurately if not only trace element but also macroelement concentrations (Ca, Mg, Na, K) in these two representatives of Baltic phytoand zoobenthos are taken into consideration; this point requires special attention. Two coastal species of fish, i.e. Zoarces viviparus and Perca fluviatilis, are good biomonitors of metallic contaminants, so their use as sentinels is recommended. The budgets of chemical elements and the ecological status of the Baltic Sea are presented. Several ‘blacksp ots’, e.g. large estuaries and seaport towns, heavily polluted by trace elements, are identified in the Baltic Sea and other enclosed seas such the Mediterranean and the BlackS eas. Of these seas, the Baltic is the most heavily loaded with trace elements and organic pollutants. The overview identifies gaps in our environmental knowledge of the Baltic Sea, and sets out possible priorities, key areas or strategies for future research.
Źródło:: Oceanologia; 2002, 44, 2
0078-3234
Pojawia się w:: Oceanologia
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 5.

Tytuł:: Sediment deposition and accumulation rates determined by sediment trap and 210Pb isotope methods in the Outer Puck Bay (Baltic Sea)
Autorzy:: Szmytkiewicz, A.
Zalewska, T.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/48615.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2014
Wydawca:: Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Oceanologii PAN
Tematy:: sedimentation
sediment trap
sediment layer
suspended particulate matter
210 lead
organic matter content
isotopic method
hydrogen peroxide
radioisotope method
Puck Bay
Baltic Sea
Źródło:: Oceanologia; 2014, 56, 1
0078-3234
Pojawia się w:: Oceanologia
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 6.

Tytuł:: Remote sensing reflectance of Pomeranian lakes and the Baltic
Autorzy:: Ficek, D.
Zapadka, T.
Dera, J.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/47858.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2011
Wydawca:: Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Oceanologii PAN
Tematy:: Baltic Sea
chlorophyll a
coloured dissolved organic matter
optical property
optically active component
organic matter
phytoplankton pigment
pigment
Pomeranian lake
reflectance
remote sensing
suspended particulate matter
Źródło:: Oceanologia; 2011, 53, 4
0078-3234
Pojawia się w:: Oceanologia
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 7.

Tytuł:: Simple statistical formulas for estimating biogeochemical properties of suspended particulate matter in the Southern Baltic Sea potentially useful for optical remote sensing applications
Autorzy:: Wozniak, S.B.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/47701.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2014
Wydawca:: Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Oceanologii PAN
Tematy:: biogeochemical property
suspended particulate matter
particulate organic carbon
inherent optical property
chlorophyll a
light absorption
backscattering coefficient
remote sensing
Baltic Sea
Źródło:: Oceanologia; 2014, 56, 1
0078-3234
Pojawia się w:: Oceanologia
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 8.

Tytuł:: Inherent optical properties of suspended particulate matter in the Southern Baltic Sea
Autorzy:: Wozniak, S.B.
Meller, J.
Lednicka, B.
Zdun, A.
Ston-Egiert, J.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/48001.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2011
Wydawca:: Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Oceanologii PAN
Tematy:: Baltic Sea
chlorophyll a
coastal water
Gdansk Gulf
inherent optical property
light absorption
optical property
particulate organic carbon
particulate organic matter
phytoplankton
scattering
surface water
suspended particulate matter
Opis:: The inherent optical properties (IOPs) of suspended particulate matter and their relations with the main biogeochemical characteristics of particles have been examined in the surface waters of the southern Baltic Sea. The empirical data were gathered at over 300 stations in open Baltic Sea waters as well as in the coastal waters of the Gulf of Gdańsk. The measurements included IOPs such as the absorption coefficient of particles, absorption coefficient of phytoplankton, scattering and backscattering coefficients of particles, as well as biogeochemical characteristics of suspended matter such as concentrations of suspended particulate matter (SPM), particulate organic matter (POM), particulate organic carbon (POC) and chlorophyll a (Chl a). Our data documented the very extensive variability in the study area of particle concentration measures and IOPs (up to two orders of magnitude). Although most of the particle populations encoun- tered were composed primarily of organic matter (av. POM/SPM=ca 0.8), the different particle concentration ratios suggest that the particle composition varied significantly. The relations between the optical properties and biogeochemical parameters of suspended matter were examined. We found significant variability in the constituent-specific IOPs (coefficients of variation (CVs) of at least 30% to 40%, usually more than 50%). Simple best-fit relations between any given IOP versus any constituent concentration parameter also highlighted the significant statistical errors involved. As a result, we conclude that for southern Baltic samples an easy yet precise quantification of particle IOPs in terms of the concentration of only one of the following parameters – SPM, POM, POC or Chl a – is not achievable. Nevertheless, we present a set of best statistical formulas for a rough estimate of certain seawater constituent concentrations based on relatively easily measurable values of seawater IOPs. These equations can be implemented in practice, but their application will inevitably entail effective statistical errors of estimation of the order of 50% or more.
Źródło:: Oceanologia; 2011, 53, 3
0078-3234
Pojawia się w:: Oceanologia
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki