Fluffy layer suspended matter (FLSM) and surface sediment samples from the
Pomeranian Bay were examined for fatty acid, lipid and organic matter contents.
FLSM is a several-centimetre-thick layer of fairly concentrated particulate matter
lying on the sea floor significantly affecting the flux of matter to depositional basins.
Analyses of fatty acids were used to establish sources and decomposition rates of
labile organic matter along a transect from the shallow, highly dynamic, Odra
estuary to the Arkona Basin, a deep, low energy, depositional area. In FLSM
and sediments respectively, the ranges of organic matter contents were 4.0–25.0%
and 5.1–23.0%, those of lipids 0.1–5.4% and 0.30–1.67%, and those of fatty acids
50–991 μg g−1 dry wt. and 100–546 μg g−1 dry wt. In shallow waters, the contents of these compounds are very variable, mirroring variations in biological activity
and hydrological conditions. The high percentage of polyunsaturated fatty acids in
shallow areas indicates the presence of fresh, undegraded, labile organic matter of
autochthonous origin. Fatty acids, the most labile components, are transported as
suspended matter attached to minerals and finally accumulated in the depositional
area in the form of condensed organic macromolecules. The intensity of bacterial
decomposition of organic matter in this system is reflected in the high percentage of
branched fatty acids. The low fatty acid content in the organic matter is attributed
to the high rate of decomposition of the labile organic matter. No linear correlation
was found between the contents of fatty acids and lipids.
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