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    Wyświetlanie 1-13 z 13
    Tytuł:
    Variability in and correlations among selected physical properties of European larch (Larix decidua Mill.) seeds
    Autorzy:
    Kaliniewicz, Z.
    Tylek, P.
    Anders, A.
    Markowski, P.
    Rawa, T.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/297835.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2014
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Warmińsko-Mazurski w Olsztynie
    Tematy:
    seeds
    physical properties
    coefficients
    correlation
    Opis:
    Selected physical attributes of European larch seeds harvested from 2 seed plantations and 2 commercial seed stands in north-eastern Poland were determined. The physical properties of seeds were measured, and the results were used to calculate indicators of seed weight and the frictional and geometric properties of seeds. Physical attributes and indicators were compared by Student’s t-test for independent samples, analysis of variance, correlation analysis and linear regression analysis. The average values of physical properties and indicators were determined at: critical transport velocity - from 5.93 to 6.13 m • s-1, thickness - from 1.25 to 1.43 mm, width - from 2.29 to 2.71 mm, length - from 3.71 to 4.57 mm, angle of sliding friction - from 27.85 to 31.98o, weight - from 4.03 to 6.14 mg, coefficient of sliding friction - from 0.54 to 0.63, arithmetic mean diameter - from 2.42 to 2.90 mm, geometric mean diameter - from 2.20 to 2.60 mm, aspect ratio - from 59.60 to 62.38%, sphericity index - from 57.27 to 59.40%, specific weight - from 1.81 to 2.33 g • m-1, volume - from 4.60 to 7.59 mm3 and density - from 0.82 to 0.91 g • cm-3. The material harvested in seed plantations differed from seeds from commercial seed stands in all parameters, excluding critical transport velocity. Seed weight was most correlated with the remaining parameters. The highest value of the correlation coefficient and the equation with the highest value of the coefficient of determination were reported for the dependence between seed weight and seed length. Seed weight was also relatively highly correlated with seed width, therefore, the use of mesh screens with round openings and/or cylindrical grain graders is recommended in seed sorting processes.
    Źródło:
    Technical Sciences / University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn; 2014, 17(2); 123-134
    1505-4675
    2083-4527
    Pojawia się w:
    Technical Sciences / University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Two mathematical formulas for assessing seed separation efficiency
    Autorzy:
    Kaliniewicz, Z.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/297999.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2013
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Warmińsko-Mazurski w Olsztynie
    Tematy:
    seeds
    separation process
    indicators
    comparison
    Opis:
    Two mathematical formulas for assessing the efficiency of seed mixture separation were analyzed. Increases in the crop seed yield and the efficiency of impurity separation were accompanied by higher seed separation efficiency regardless of the adopted formula. One of the examined formulas carried more information, and it could be used to determine the improvement in the purity of the separated product relative to the raw material. The difference in the analyzed formulas’ ability to determine the efficiency of seed separation was minimized when the separation process was more efficient, i.e. when the value of partial indicators of separation efficiency was closer to 1. Both formulas could be successfully used to describe seed separation efficiency because in most practical applications, the error generated by the evaluated formulas did not exceed 1.5%.
    Źródło:
    Technical Sciences / University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn; 2013, 16(2); 109-117
    1505-4675
    2083-4527
    Pojawia się w:
    Technical Sciences / University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Assessment of cereal seed shape with the use of sphericity factors
    Autorzy:
    Kaliniewicz, Z.
    Biedulska, J.
    Jadwisieńczak, B.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/298142.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2015
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Warmińsko-Mazurski w Olsztynie
    Tematy:
    seeds
    dimensions
    mass
    shape
    correlations
    Opis:
    Shape is one of the key discriminating factors in seeds. It plays a major role in seed cleaning and sorting, and it influences the bulk behavior of seeds. The shape of seeds can be described with the use of sphericity factors. In this study, the thickness, width, length and mass of principal cereal seeds (wheat, rye, barley, oats and triticale) were determined. The geometric parameters of seeds were used to calculate five sphericity factors for each seed type. The results of measurements and calculations were processed statistically by analysis of variance, correlation analysis and linear regression analysis. In the group of the analyzed cereal seeds, the lowest values were noted for sphericity factor K5 in the range of 0.046 to 0.275, and the highest values - for sphericity factor K3 in the range of 0.359 to 0.650. The shape of cereal seeds was mostly highly correlated with: thickness in barley seeds, width in wheat seeds, width and thickness in rye and triticale seeds, and length in oat seeds. All of the analyzed sphericity factors can be used interchangeably to describe the shape of cereal seeds, and the relationships between those factors can be described with linear equations.
    Źródło:
    Technical Sciences / University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn; 2015, 18(4); 237-246
    1505-4675
    2083-4527
    Pojawia się w:
    Technical Sciences / University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Correlations between basic physical parameters of nuts and the weight of common beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) seeds
    Autorzy:
    Kaliniewicz, Z.
    Tylek, P.
    Anders, A.
    Markowski, P.
    Rawa, T.
    Andros, K.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/297912.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2015
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Warmińsko-Mazurski w Olsztynie
    Tematy:
    nuts
    seeds
    physical properties
    variation
    correlation
    Opis:
    Selected physical attributes of common beech nuts harvested from four tree stands in northern Poland were determined. Seeds were manually extracted from every nut. Seeds and nuts were weighed, and the results were used to determine the ratio of seed weight to nut weight, which described the degree of nut filling. Physical parameters and the calculated coefficients were compared by the t-test for independent samples, analysis of variance, correlation analysis and linear regression analysis. The following ranges of variation were reported in the physical attributes of nuts and the coefficients of common beech seeds: critical transport velocity of nuts - from 6.33 to 11.28 m s-1, nut thickness - from 4.76 to 9.86 mm, nut width - from 6.46 to 13.54 mm, nut length - from 12.63 to 21.62 mm, angle of sliding friction of nuts - from 15.67 to 26.67o, nut weight - from 93.0 to 513.7 mg, coefficient of sliding friction of nuts - from 0.28 to 0.50, seed weight - from 11.0 to 374.8 mg, and ratio of seed weight to nut weight - from 0.08 to 0.88. The majority of nuts contained one seed (average weight of 195.36 mg), and only 2.3% of nuts contained two seeds (average weight of 103.11 mg). The attribute that was most highly correlated with the ratio of seed weight to nut weight was seed weight (0.685), followed by critical transport velocity (0.527) and weight of nuts (0.493). The results indicate that common beech seeds would be processed most effectively in vibration-pneumatic separators or, alternatively, in pneumatic separators where nut fractions obtained with the use of mesh screens can be sorted separately.
    Źródło:
    Technical Sciences / University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn; 2015, 18(1); 5-14
    1505-4675
    2083-4527
    Pojawia się w:
    Technical Sciences / University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    The effect of the age of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) stands on the physical properties of seeds and the operating parameters of cleaning machines
    Autorzy:
    Kaliniewicz, Z.
    Rawa, T.
    Tylek, P.
    Markowski, P.
    Anders, A.
    Fura, S.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/298461.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2013
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Warmińsko-Mazurski w Olsztynie
    Tematy:
    Scots pine
    seeds
    physical properties
    correlations
    Opis:
    Critical transport velocity, the thickness, width, length, the angle of sliding friction and weight of Scots pine seeds harvested from conservation seed stands were measured. Correlations were determined between the age of parent stands (124 to 180 years old) and the above parameters of Scots pine seeds. Significant correlations were found between the age of parents stands and the weight, dimensions and the angle of sliding friction of seeds. Such a correlation was not observed for critical transport velocity. The noted correlations were presented as first-order equations which show that among the studied seed properties, average seed weight changed to the highest degree – it decreased by ca. 15% as Scots pine trees grew older.
    Źródło:
    Technical Sciences / University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn; 2013, 16(1); 63-72
    1505-4675
    2083-4527
    Pojawia się w:
    Technical Sciences / University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Correlations between germination capacity and selected physical properties of perennial ryegrass cv. Maja seeds
    Autorzy:
    Kaliniewicz, Z.
    Jadwisieńczak, K.
    Jadwisieńczak, B.
    Potkaj, Ł.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/297989.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2016
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Warmińsko-Mazurski w Olsztynie
    Tematy:
    seeds
    physical parameters
    germination rate index
    correlation
    Opis:
    Perennial ryegrass is one of the most valuable pasture grasses. The species is recommended for sodding various types of land in Poland due to its fast growth and the ability to produce large numbers of vegetative shoots. Seedling emergence and biomass yield are largely determined by seed quality. This study analyzes the correlations between the basic physical properties of seeds of perennial ryegrass cv. Maja and their germination capacity. The basic dimensions (length, width and thickness) and mass of each of the 150 seeds were determined, and their arithmetic mean diameter, geometric mean diameter, aspect ratio, sphericity index and density were calculated. The seeds were germinated for 14 days, and the results were recorded daily, which enabled to determine germination time for each seed. The relationships between the evaluated parameters were determined by the Student’s t-test for independent samples and correlation analysis. The analyzed physical properties of seeds had no significant effect on the germination rate index. Germinated and non-germinated seeds differed significantly in width, length and arithmetic mean diameter, but they should not be sorted based on their plumpness to improve the quality of seed material because it could lead to a high loss of viable seeds.
    Źródło:
    Technical Sciences / University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn; 2016, 19(1); 5-16
    1505-4675
    2083-4527
    Pojawia się w:
    Technical Sciences / University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Design concept and parameters of a conical bar separator
    Autorzy:
    Jadwisieńczak, B.
    Kaliniewicz, Z.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/298140.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2017
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Warmińsko-Mazurski w Olsztynie
    Tematy:
    seeds
    cleaning and separation
    separator
    geometrical relationships
    Opis:
    The process of adapting a screen separator to seeds of a given species and variety requires a corresponding set of replaceable screens. Screen replacement is a time-consuming process. Screens are often selected from the available size range, therefore, cleaning and separation processes are not always optimized. This study proposes a design concept of a new device for cleaning and separating seeds, which features a conical bar screen that rotates around its own axis. The screen has grooves whose width is smallest at the beginning of the screen and increases along the screen surface. Seeds can be sorted into various size fractions by changing the position of collecting buckets under the screen. The functional parameters of the separating device were designed based on a review of publications describing the size of the most popular agricultural seeds. The basic geometrical relationships in the proposed conical bar screen were described. The geometrical parameters of the screen were selected on the assumption that the radius at which bars are fixed to the screen can range from 200 mm to 400 mm and that bar diameter can range from 5 mm to 10 mm. Two variants of the device were proposed as a replacement for one universal separating screen. The first variant will be used to sort small seeds, including seeds of small-seeded legumes, seeds of major cereal species and medium-sized seeds with dimensions similar to cereal seeds, whereas the second variant will be applied to separate large seeds, including seeds of large-seeded legumes and plumper seeds from the medium-size fraction. The width of grooves at the beginning and end of the screen should equal 1 mm and 5 mm in the first variant and 2.5 mm and 13 mm in the second variant, respectively.
    Źródło:
    Technical Sciences / University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn; 2017, 20(3); 275-288
    1505-4675
    2083-4527
    Pojawia się w:
    Technical Sciences / University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    A Theoretical Analysis of Cereal Seed Screening in a String Sieve
    Autorzy:
    Kaliniewicz, Z.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/298351.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2013
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Warmińsko-Mazurski w Olsztynie
    Tematy:
    string sieve
    modelling
    seeds
    angle of inclination
    Opis:
    The conditions of the screening process in a fixed string sieve designed by the author have been formulated. The string sieve was designed for separating seeds of 5 cereal species (wheat, rye, barley, oats and triticale). The width of the separating groove was set at 1 mm at the beginning of the screen and 5 mm at the end of the screen. It has been assumed that seeds have a spheroidal shape and that their motion is initiated by positioning the string sieve at an appropriate angle. The results of a theoretical analysis revealed that at the given parameters of a string sieve, the above angle is determined only by the thickness and width of separated seeds. The sieve’s angle of inclination should be set at 45° to propel seeds into motion and at 50° to ensure the continuity of the screening process. Such a large setting angle is not recommended because it increases the sieve’s height and deteriorates the quality of the separation process. The problem can be solved by setting the separator bucket into motion and separating seeds at a small inclination angle of the string sieve.
    Źródło:
    Technical Sciences / University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn; 2013, 16(3); 234-247
    1505-4675
    2083-4527
    Pojawia się w:
    Technical Sciences / University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Method of Determining the Minimum Breaking Strength of the Mustard Seed Coat
    Autorzy:
    Szczyglak, P.
    Żuk, Z.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/298095.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2012
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Warmińsko-Mazurski w Olsztynie
    Tematy:
    gorczyca
    nasiona
    modelowanie
    pękanie
    podatność
    mustard seeds
    modeling
    susceptibility
    Opis:
    This paper proposes a method for determining the breaking strength and the resulting deformations of the mustard seed coat. A compression test stand for determining breaking strength and seed coat deformations was described. The results of the experiment were processed and analyzed.
    Źródło:
    Technical Sciences / University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn; 2012, 15(2); 243-249
    1505-4675
    2083-4527
    Pojawia się w:
    Technical Sciences / University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Selected physical parameters of common hornbeam (Carpinus betulus L.) nuts
    Autorzy:
    Kaliniewicz, Z.
    Tylek, P.
    Markowski, P.
    Anders, A.
    Rawa, T.
    Liedtke, M.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/298164.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2015
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Warmińsko-Mazurski w Olsztynie
    Tematy:
    common hornbeam
    seeds
    physical parameters
    range of variations
    correlation
    separation
    Opis:
    Selected physical parameters of common hornbeam nuts were determined in five batches of nuts harvested from seed tree stands in northern Poland. The results were used to calculate the arithmetic and geometric mean diameters, aspect ratio, sphericity index, volume and density of each nut. The above parameters were compared by analysis of variance, correlation analysis and linear regression analysis. Habitat conditions had a greater influence on nut plumpness than the age of the tree stand. Nut width was highly correlated with nut mass, and the above observation can be used in the process of separating nuts into mass categories. When two mesh screens with 5 mm and 6 mm openings are used, nuts will be separated into a fine-sized fraction containing 71.4% of nuts with reduced plumpness, 24.1% of moderately plump nuts and 1.8% of plump nuts, and a coarse-sized fraction containing 2.0% of nuts with reduced plumpness, 43.6% of moderately plump nuts and 54.4% of plump nuts.
    Źródło:
    Technical Sciences / University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn; 2015, 18(4); 247-259
    1505-4675
    2083-4527
    Pojawia się w:
    Technical Sciences / University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Correlations between the Germination Capacity and Selected Attributes of European Larch Seeds (Larix Decidua Mill.)
    Autorzy:
    Kaliniewicz, Z.
    Markowski, P.
    Anders, A.
    Rawa, T.
    Liszewski, A.
    Fura, S.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/298087.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2012
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Warmińsko-Mazurski w Olsztynie
    Tematy:
    modrzew europejski
    nasiona
    kiełkowanie
    właściwości rozdzielcze
    European larch
    seeds
    separation properties
    germination
    Opis:
    The critical transport velocity, basic dimensions (thickness, width and length), the angle of sliding friction and weight of European larch seeds from three batches were determined. The values of shape factors, cross-sectional area, volume and density were calculated for all seeds. The seeds were germinated, and germination time was determined. The investigated attributes were compared by single classification analysis of variance and correlation analysis. The germination capacity of seeds from the same stand varied between harvest years, and germination time was most highly correlated with critical transport velocity and density. The lightest seeds should be separated from the batch to improve germination capacity, and seeds of the heaviest fractions should be used to promote even germination.
    Źródło:
    Technical Sciences / University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn; 2012, 15(2); 229-242
    1505-4675
    2083-4527
    Pojawia się w:
    Technical Sciences / University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Determination of Shape Factors and Volume Coefficients of Seeds from Selected Coniferous Trees
    Autorzy:
    Kaliniewicz, Z.
    Tylek, P.
    Markowski, P.
    Anders, A.
    Rawa, T.
    Zadrożny, M.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/298090.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2012
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Warmińsko-Mazurski w Olsztynie
    Tematy:
    nasiona
    współczynnik kształtu
    objętość
    bryła geometryczna
    seeds
    shape factor
    volume
    geometric shape
    Opis:
    The thickness, width and length of seeds from selected coniferous trees was measured. The obtained data was used to determine six shape factors (as proposed by Grochowicz, Mohsenin, Donev and Wróbel). The seeds were assigned nine simple geometric shapes, and the total volume of seeds from a given tree species was compared using a pycnometer. Based on the results, a geometric model of seed volume was selected for every analyzed species. It was concluded that the shape of seeds from coniferous trees can be described with the application of shape factors proposed by Mohsenin, Donev and Wróbel, used interchangeably or collectively. The volume of seeds from coniferous trees can be modeled with the use of an ellipsoid for Scots pine, European black pine, Norway spruce and English yew seeds, and a double right quadrangular pyramid for silver fir and Douglas-fir seeds.
    Źródło:
    Technical Sciences / University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn; 2012, 15(2); 217-228
    1505-4675
    2083-4527
    Pojawia się w:
    Technical Sciences / University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Analysis of Correlations between Selected Physical Attributes of Scots Pine Seeds
    Analiza współzależności wybranych cech fizycznych nasion sosny zwyczajnej
    Autorzy:
    Kaliniewicz, Z.
    Grabowski, A.
    Liszewski, A.
    Fura, S.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/298218.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2011
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Warmińsko-Mazurski w Olsztynie
    Tematy:
    sosna zwyczajna
    nasiona
    cecha rozdzielcza
    czyszczenie
    sortowanie
    Scots pine
    seeds
    separation properties
    cleaning
    sorting
    Opis:
    Critical transport velocity, the thickness, width, length and the angle of sliding friction of Scots pine seeds harvested from three seed banks (conservation seed stand, commercial seed stand and seed plantation) were determined. The investigated attributes were compared by single classification analysis of variance, correlation, single-variable and multivariate regression analysis. The analyzed seed traits differed significantly between the specimens from the examined seed banks. The equations describing the correlations between the studied attributes were characterized by relatively low percentages of explained variation, which renders them unfit for designing seed and separation models.
    Wyznaczono prędkość krytyczną unoszenia, grubość, szerokość, długość i kąt tarcia ślizgowego nasion sosny zwyczajnej, zebranych z trzech odmiennych baz nasiennych (wyłączony drzewostan nasienny, gospodarczy drzewostan nasienny i plantacja nasienna). Porównywano te cechy, wykorzystując analizę wariancji z klasyfikacją pojedynczą, korelację oraz regresję jednej zmiennej i wielu zmiennych. Stwierdzono, że w większości przypadków analizowane cechy nasion z odmiennych baz nasiennych różnią się statystycznie. Równania współzależności między określanymi cechami charakteryzują się stosunkowo niskim procentem wyjaśnionej zmienności, co właściwie wyklucza ich zastosowanie do budowania modeli nasion i procesów rozdzielczych.
    Źródło:
    Technical Sciences / University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn; 2011, 14(1); 13-22
    1505-4675
    2083-4527
    Pojawia się w:
    Technical Sciences / University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
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