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Wyświetlanie 1-15 z 55
Tytuł:
Ocena wypłacalności zakładu ubezpieczeń
Autorzy:
Marcinkowska, Monika
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/659850.pdf
Data publikacji:
2010
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
Tematy:
insurers
solvency
capital standards
Opis:
The paper presents kinds of risk an insurer is exposed to. Current Polish regulation concerning capital adequacy norms are presented, together with the measures used in insurer’s solvency analysis. Furthermore four basic approaches to regulatory solvency evaluation are characterized. The paper also generally presents the construction of a new approach – Solvency II – which will be in force in EU since 2012.
Źródło:
Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Oeconomica; 2010, 244
0208-6018
2353-7663
Pojawia się w:
Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Oeconomica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Top-Down and Bottom-Up Urban and Regional Planning: Towards a Framework for The Use of Planning Standards
Autorzy:
Pissourios, Ioannis A
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/623697.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014-06-06
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
Tematy:
top-down
bottom-up
planning theory
planning standards
Opis:
The purpose of this paper is to discuss the ways that the top-down and the bottom-up approaches to planning can be combined in the practice of planning standards. In the first part, the paper examines the utilization of planning standards through time, while in the second part it aims to unravel the relationship between the use of planning standards and the top-down as well as the bottom-up planning approach. In the third part, the paper focuses on the limitations of bottom-up approaches, in order to demonstrate that they can only be used in a certain planning scale, leaving all other scales to top-down approaches. Last but not least, the paper proposes a framework for the use of planning standards in a combined top-down and bottom-up planning approach.
Źródło:
European Spatial Research and Policy; 2014, 21, 1
1231-1952
1896-1525
Pojawia się w:
European Spatial Research and Policy
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Making English a New Latin
Autorzy:
Scheuer, Sylwia
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/620576.pdf
Data publikacji:
2010-09-30
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
Tematy:
Latin analogy
ELF
ELT
standards
Opis:
The paper looks at various aspects of the so-called Latin-English analogy and particularly at the ways in which English may share the fate of Latin in ultimately becoming a victim of its own success. A critical factor in the history of Latin was a conceptual split between its native and non-native varieties, which eventually proved instrumental in establishing its reputation as a dead language. The author wishes to argue that current proposals for a codification of English as a Lingua Franca, aimed at providing vast numbers of L2 learners with a pedagogical alternative that does not emulate L1 standards, may be regarded as major steps towards making English a new Latin: creating a similar split between native versus foreigners' English.
Źródło:
Research in Language; 2010, 8; 1-13
1731-7533
Pojawia się w:
Research in Language
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Standardy kształcenia a jakość nauczania
Teaching standards and quality of learning
Autorzy:
Łyko, Janusz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/906208.pdf
Data publikacji:
2008
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
Opis:
The Bologna process aims to create a European Higher Education Area by 2010, which is connected with great changes in the structures of the university studies. The one of main modifications is a new program of academic courses in all specializations. Main aim of the article is an attempt to evaluate the possibilities of realizing the agenda (included in the teaching standards) in comparison to the time needed to achieve it. In many cases the solutions seems accidental and the assumptions contained in the standardization documents impossible to fulfill.
Źródło:
Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Oeconomica; 2008, 217
0208-6018
2353-7663
Pojawia się w:
Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Oeconomica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Normy etyczne obowiązujące pracodawców. Perspektywa systemu prawnego, organizacji i pracownika
Ethical Standards Binding on Employers. Perspectives of the Legal System, Organizations and Employees
Autorzy:
Cieślikowska, Monika
Pieczewski, Andrzej
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/20311609.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
Tematy:
ethical standards in a workplace
labour legislation
ethical codes
Opis:
The aim of this article is to point out the basic areas of judgment made by employees considering the ethical or unethical behaviour of employers in the workplace. The authors analyse this subject from three perspectives: The first one is labour legislation in Poland; the second is the perspective of employers, especially codes of ethical standards created by contemporary organizations, and the third perspective is the point of view of employees. The conclusions in this area have been made on the basis of research in two Polish insurance companies. The authors attempted to create a ranking of ethical elements significant for employees. Such knowledge could be very useful for creating proper personnel policy in any organisation.
Źródło:
Annales. Etyka w Życiu Gospodarczym; 2013, 16; 295-303
1899-2226
2353-4869
Pojawia się w:
Annales. Etyka w Życiu Gospodarczym
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Standardy społecznej odpowiedzialności małego biznesu. Analiza porównawcza firm polskich i brytyjskich
The Social Responsibility Standards of Small Enterprises: A Comparative Analysis of Polish and British Companies
Autorzy:
Lewicka-Strzałecka, Anna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/964264.pdf
Data publikacji:
2008-05-15
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
Tematy:
ethical standards
corporate social responsibility
small firms
Opis:
The aim of this article is to discern the crux of SME sector social responsibility in developing countries. An attempt is made to identify, empirically, the ethical standards subscribed to by small firms in Poland and to compare them with the standards of small firms in the UK. The methodology of empirical analysis of the ethical standards of Polish entrepreneurs running small businesses was modelled on Laura Spence’s research on the priorities, practices and ethics of small firms in the UK. This analysis has revealed certain similarities and significant differences in the way CSR is perceived by Polish and British entrepreneurs. British entrepreneurs manifest a higher degree of awareness with regard to the issue of social responsibility and are more strongly motivated by their external environment to take up social responsibility issues than Polish ones.
Źródło:
Annales. Etyka w Życiu Gospodarczym; 2008, 11, 1
1899-2226
2353-4869
Pojawia się w:
Annales. Etyka w Życiu Gospodarczym
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Wytyczne i standardy społecznej odpowiedzialności biznesu
Guidelines and Standards of Corporate Social Responsibility
Autorzy:
Broniewska, Grażyna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/907134.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
Opis:
Relating to the characteristics of the genesis and development of social responsibility - a new paradigm of management, the standards responding to the needs of its implementation were presented in this article. The most important include SA 8000, AA 1000 and ISO26000 standards. The guidelines of these standards could be useful to the leaders of the organizations intending to apply the indicated principles. These standards facilitate also the implementation of social and environmental problems as well as the stakeholders` service.
Źródło:
Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Oeconomica; 2012, 265
0208-6018
2353-7663
Pojawia się w:
Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Oeconomica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Uwagi na temat standardów realizacji usług publicznych
Remarks on standards for public services
Autorzy:
Reichel, Janusz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/906219.pdf
Data publikacji:
2008
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
Opis:
The article presents some remarks on standards for public services. The author discusses dillerent approaches to establishing standards for public services. He recommends the approach similar to the approach presented by the quality standards like for example ISO 9001. The approach of this kind set certain requirements for the management system and could assure the highest quality of public services better than the multiplication of standards (mainly based on setting “product requirements") created for each public service.
Źródło:
Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Oeconomica; 2008, 215
0208-6018
2353-7663
Pojawia się w:
Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Oeconomica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Standardy bezpieczeństwa w sieciach bezprzewodowych WI-FI
Security standards of wireless networks WI-FI
Autorzy:
Lange-Sadzińska, Katarzyna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/905218.pdf
Data publikacji:
2004
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
Opis:
This paper describes Wi-Fi, a kind of wireless communication. Wi-Fi idea is especially good for mobile computers into the LAN. However this paper describes problems of data security in wireless networks. The main problem is possibility of intercepition the messages.
Źródło:
Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Oeconomica; 2004, 183
0208-6018
2353-7663
Pojawia się w:
Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Oeconomica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Ocena rentowności kapitału własnego spółki za pomocą przyrostu zysków zatrzymanych
The Assessment of the Return on Equity Based on the Growth of Retained Earnings
Autorzy:
Matuszewska-Pierzynka, Agnieszka
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/904546.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
Tematy:
return on equity
net profit
growth of retained profits
equity capital
International Financial Reporting Standards
International Accounting Standards
Opis:
This article should be treated as the contribution to take up the discussion about the choice of return on equity. In accordance with the subject literature, return on equity is the ratio of net profit to equity capital. The calculation of return on equity based on the growth of retained profits seems to in more adequate to reality way point at the possibility of achieving higher benefits by stockholders in the future. The essential aim of this article is to present several scholarly reflections resulting from the analysis of return on equity with the use of two it’s measures i. e. profitability estimated by the net profit and the growth of retained profits. The realization of the appointed goal has been done with taking advantage of data from financial statements of KGHM company in the years 2007–2011, drown up by International Financial Reporting Standards/ International Accounting Standards.
Źródło:
Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Oeconomica; 2013, 278
0208-6018
2353-7663
Pojawia się w:
Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Oeconomica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Adaptacja Międzynarodowych Standardów Rachunkowości w polskim prawie bilansowym
Adaptation of International Accounting Standards in Polish Regulations
Autorzy:
Ignatowski, Radosław
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/904585.pdf
Data publikacji:
2005
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
Opis:
Article intends to present problems of implementation into Polish accounting system effects of global, international harmonization of accounting. These changes are implemented in Accounting Act 1994, which is influenced and dominated mainly - besides EU Directives - by International Accounting Standards. These, elaborated and called now as International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) have influenced and changed European Union Accounting Strategy, which has been developed since 1995 with orientation onto IFRSs. European Strategy comes into force since 2005 and is expressed in Regulation 1606/2002 on application of international accounting standards. This regulation obligates all European listed companies to prepare and present theirs consolidated financial statements in accordance with IFRS for accounting periods beginning on 1 January 2005 or later. European Regulation gives the possibility to use IFRSs for preparation and presentation of consolidated and non consolidated financial statements by non listed companies as well. Last amendment of 27 August 2004 of the Accounting Act implemented European Union Regulation on application of IFRSs. This article presents the scope of Regulation implementation. European Union Accounting Strategy has influenced not only national accounting system, but international accounting standards as well. This problem is also presented in article. In such a way lot of current Polish accounting regulations do not comply with IFRSs. This is a cause, which in the near future will impact some changes in Accounting Act.
Źródło:
Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Oeconomica; 2005, 195
0208-6018
2353-7663
Pojawia się w:
Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Oeconomica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Sustainable Development of Tourism – EU Ecolabel Standards Illustrated Using the Example of Poland
Autorzy:
Dziuba, Radosław
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/633051.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016-06-01
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
Tematy:
tourism
economy
sustainable development
Opis:
Tourism, as one of the biggest and fastest growing industries in the world, has an enormous impact on the achievements of the Europe 2020 growth strategy. The main factor influencing its effectiveness, based on achievement of strategy indicators, is tourist infrastructure, which is understood as hotel and restaurant facilities used by tourists coming to a particular area to meet their needs associated with passive and active tourism. To achieve the highest effectiveness in this regard, the European Union has established the scheme of Ecolabel standards, implemented in individual countries through independent certification, compliance with which means that the strategy’s assumptions can be effectively implemented. According to experts, managing a facility in compliance with Ecolabel standards today is an example of innovative hotel management. In addition to the benefits resulting from taking care of the environment, the certification also allows for a reduction of the operating costs of a facility. This paper aims at verifying - through an econometric model – research hypotheses related to the reduction in operating costs of a facility that complies with the certification standards.
Źródło:
Comparative Economic Research. Central and Eastern Europe; 2016, 19, 2; 111-128
1508-2008
2082-6737
Pojawia się w:
Comparative Economic Research. Central and Eastern Europe
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Corporate Social Responsability: Selected Theoretical and Empirical Aspects
Autorzy:
Witkowska, Janina
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/632996.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016-03-01
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
Tematy:
corporate social responsibility
CSR models
standards of ethical and social business conduct
Opis:
The notion of Corporate social responsibility (CSR) is still stirring debate over how it should be interpreted, what models of CSR dominate in business practice, and consequences of enterprises’ engagement into socially responsible actions. While business practice demonstrates that companies voluntarily include social and environmental issues into their activities and into their relations with stakeholders, it is hard to determine what intentions motivate them to do so. This paper analyses selected aspects of discussions focused on the notion of CSR and identifies controversies over the standardisation of ethical and social business activities.
Źródło:
Comparative Economic Research. Central and Eastern Europe; 2016, 19, 1; 27-43
1508-2008
2082-6737
Pojawia się w:
Comparative Economic Research. Central and Eastern Europe
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Pomoc publiczna w Polsce. Dostosowanie do standardów Unii Europejskiej
Public Assistance in Poland Its Harmonisation with the European Union Standards
Autorzy:
Augustyński, Iwo
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/906401.pdf
Data publikacji:
2004
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
Opis:
The article is focussed on public assistance problems in the light of harmonisation of the Polish standards with those followed in the European Union. According to the author, Poland has to fulfil a number of conditions in order to become a EU member. One of them is harmonisation of public assistance with rules observed in the EU. It calls primarily for legal adjustments. The structure and way of providing public assistance have to change as well.
Źródło:
Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Oeconomica; 2004, 174
0208-6018
2353-7663
Pojawia się w:
Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Oeconomica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Problemy instytucjonalizacji etyki w dziedzinie służby zdrowia
Institutionalisation of Ethics in Healthcare
Autorzy:
Kubka, Janina
Vasiljeviene, Nijole
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/20020277.pdf
Data publikacji:
2008
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
Tematy:
healthcare system
ethics
bioethics
ethical standards
Opis:
Life in good health and health security prove the most significant values highlighted by moral philosophy in the time of the environmental crisis. The imperfect operation of healthcare poses a threat for humans. Administrative measures regulate insufficiently medicine and healthcare. They need to be backed up by ethics, which cannot be seen solely as ethics of an individual’s conscience. What is needed is professional, practice-oriented and institutionalized-within-healthcare-organizations ethics. Recently, there have appeared a great number of new international documents setting standards of medical procedures in compliance with the requirements of the new bioethical values. At the same time elements of the ethical infrastructure such as bioethics commissions or committees have been created. In the face of the specificity and the complexity of ethical issues and problems encountered within contemporary medical practice the requirement of high ethical competence of all healthcare workers often fails to be sufficient.
Źródło:
Annales. Etyka w Życiu Gospodarczym; 2008, 11, 2; 67-74
1899-2226
2353-4869
Pojawia się w:
Annales. Etyka w Życiu Gospodarczym
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Wyświetlanie 1-15 z 55

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