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    Wyświetlanie 1-7 z 7
    Tytuł:
    Synthesis of HMX via Nitrolysis of DPT Catalyzed by Acidic Ionic Liquids
    Autorzy:
    He, Z.
    Luo, J.
    Lu, Ch.
    Xu, R.
    Li, J.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/358495.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2011
    Wydawca:
    Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz - Instytut Przemysłu Organicznego
    Tematy:
    DPT
    HMX
    nitrolysis
    ionic liquid
    Opis:
    The direct nitrolysis of DPT to synthesize HMX with ionic liquids (ILs) as catalysts was investigated. The results showed that [Et3NH] HSO4 was the best catalyst among 18 ILs used and the yield of HMX was up to 61% against 45% without IL. The ILs could be effciently recovered by simple distillation and extraction after reaction without any apparent loss of catalytic activity even after 10 times recycling.
    Źródło:
    Central European Journal of Energetic Materials; 2011, 8, 2; 83-91
    1733-7178
    Pojawia się w:
    Central European Journal of Energetic Materials
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Electrostatic Hazards Assessment of Nitramine Explosives: Resistivity, Charge Accumulation and Discharge Sensitivity
    Autorzy:
    Peng, Q.
    Cao, W.
    Zhou, W.
    He, Z.
    Jiang, W.
    Chen, W.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/358757.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2016
    Wydawca:
    Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz - Instytut Przemysłu Organicznego
    Tematy:
    nitramine explosives
    electrostatic hazards
    resistivity
    charging characteristics
    electrostatic discharge sensitivity
    Opis:
    The electrostatic hazards of nitramine explosives (RDX, HMX) were assessed in this paper. The resistivities of different particle-size RDX and HMX were tested by a device designed and manufactured according to the standard ISO/IEC 80079-20-2:2016. This work shows that the resistivities of uncompacted RDX and HMX increase as the particle size decreases. Charging characteristics test experiments were also carried out using a so-called sieve method. Using this method, the influence of aperture size on charge accumulation of RDX was studied, and the characteristics of electrostatic accumulation of different particle-size RDX and HMX sieved with 50 mesh standard sieve were compared. The results show that the absolute value of the charge accumulation increases as the mesh number increases (i.e. the aperture size decreases), and increases as the particle size is decreased, indicating that nano-sized RDX and nano-sized HMX accumulate static electricity more easily than conventional micron-sized ones. Finally, the electrostatic discharge (ESD) sensitivity of nano-sized RDX and nano-sized HMX was investigated. Nano-sized nitramine explosives were found to have a higher ESD sensitivity than micron-sized ones.
    Źródło:
    Central European Journal of Energetic Materials; 2016, 13, 3; 755-769
    1733-7178
    Pojawia się w:
    Central European Journal of Energetic Materials
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Modelling and Calculation of the Initial Ignition Gas Pressure Flow through a Rigid Porous Medium in a 100 mm Ignition Simulator
    Autorzy:
    Xiao, Z.
    Ying, S.
    He, W.
    Xu, F.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/358563.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2014
    Wydawca:
    Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz - Instytut Przemysłu Organicznego
    Tematy:
    ignition
    ignition simulator
    porous media
    propellant
    modelling
    simulation
    Opis:
    To acquire a better understanding of the early ignition phenomena in a 100 mm ignition simulator loaded with a packed propellant bed, a theoretical model of the ignition gas flow through the rigid porous medium was developed. Three pressure gauges were installed in the lateral side of the ignition simulator for post ignition measurement of the chamber pressure. The pseudo-propellant loaded into the chamber was similar in size to the standard 13/19 single-base cylindrical propellant. It was composed of a rigid ceramic composite with low thermal conductivity. It was assumed that the pseudo-propellant bed was rigid in contrast to the assumption of an elastic porous medium. The calculated pressure values were well verified by the experimental data at a low loading density of the pseudo-propellant bed of 0.18 g•cm-3. However, there was still error between the experimental and the calculated results in the early pressure peak position closest to the ignition primer when the loading density of the pseudo-propellant bed was increased to 0.73 and 1.06 g•cm-3. This error is attributed to the change in local permeability of the pseudo-propellant bed at high loading densities, which is assumed, for ease of modelling, to be constant in the model. These calculations may enable a better understanding of the physical processes of ignition gas flow in an ignition simulator loaded with a pseudo-propellant bed.
    Źródło:
    Central European Journal of Energetic Materials; 2014, 11, 4; 475-489
    1733-7178
    Pojawia się w:
    Central European Journal of Energetic Materials
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Underwater Explosion Performance of RDX/AP-based Aluminized Explosives
    Autorzy:
    Xiang, D.
    Rong, J.
    He, X.
    Feng, Z.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/358616.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2017
    Wydawca:
    Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz - Instytut Przemysłu Organicznego
    Tematy:
    UNDEX
    RDX/AP-based aluminized explosives
    detonation
    shock wave
    Al/O ratio
    Opis:
    To understand the underwater explosion (UNDEX) performance of RDX/AP-based aluminized explosives, six formulations of the explosives were prepared, with Al content varying from 30% to 55% and ammonium perchlorate (AP) content from 45% to 20%. A series of UNDEX tests that used a 1 kg cylindrical charge was conducted underwater at a depth of 4.7 m. The pressure histories of the shock wave produced at different positions and the bubble periods were measured. The coefficients of the similarity law equation for the shock wave parameters were fitted with experimental data. The effect of the aluminum/oxygen (Al/O) ratio on the performance of the energy output structure for RDX/AP-based aluminized explosives is discussed. The bubble motion during UNDEX was simulated using MSC.DYTRAN software, and the radius-time curves of the bubbles were determined. The results show that AP influences the detonation reaction mechanism of RDX/AP-based aluminized explosives, which causes different UNDEX performances. The bubble energy of the RDX/AP-based aluminized explosive was higher than that of RDX-based and HMX-based aluminized explosives.
    Źródło:
    Central European Journal of Energetic Materials; 2017, 14, 1; 60-76
    1733-7178
    Pojawia się w:
    Central European Journal of Energetic Materials
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Theoretical and Experimental Study on Detonation Wave Propagation in Cylindrical High Explosive Charges with a Wave-shaper
    Autorzy:
    Pan, J.
    Zhang, X.
    He, Y.
    Deng, Q.
    Guan, Z.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/358040.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2016
    Wydawca:
    Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz - Instytut Przemysłu Organicznego
    Tematy:
    high explosive
    detonation wave
    Mach reflection
    wave-shaper
    Whitham method
    Opis:
    The use of a cylindrical high-explosive charge with a wave-shaper is an efficient way to obtain an ultra-high pressure and a convergent detonation wave. An analysis of flow fields corresponding to the regular and Mach reflection of detonation waves in a cylindrical high-explosive charge with a wave-shaper is presented in this paper. The pressure, flow velocity and triple point growth angle of the Mach stem were calculated. The Mach stem height was also determined by using the modified Whitham method. The results show that the Mach stem height rises from zero at the critical angle of Mach reflection and changes to the Chapman-Jouguet detonation state with the propagation of the detonation waves. Shock indentation experiments were conducted, in which a wave-shaper was used in a cylindrical high-explosive charge to form Mach reflection detonation waves. The results showed that the discrepancy between the experimental results and the theoretical calculations was less than 15%, which proves the validity of the proposed theoretical model.
    Źródło:
    Central European Journal of Energetic Materials; 2016, 13, 3; 658-676
    1733-7178
    Pojawia się w:
    Central European Journal of Energetic Materials
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Controlled Synthesis and Application of Nano-energetic Materials Based on the Copper Oxide/Al System
    Autorzy:
    He, S.
    Chen, J.
    Yang, G.
    Qiao, Z.
    Li, J.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/358254.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2015
    Wydawca:
    Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz - Instytut Przemysłu Organicznego
    Tematy:
    nanoenergetic material
    CuO/Al
    laser ignition
    plate-like
    hollow sphere
    Opis:
    Nanothermite composites containing metal oxide and metal fuel are attracting attention due to their outstanding combustion characteristics. The morphology of metal oxide is important for the performance of nanothermite composites. In this paper, branch-, plate-, sphere-, and hollow sphere-like CuO nano/microstructures were synthesized via a facile hydrothermal process. The CuO/Al based nanothermites were prepared via ultrasonic mixing of the asobtained CuO products and nano-Al. The combustion behaviour of CuO/Al based nanothermites was analyzed by DSC and laser ignition. This study shows that this nanoscale mixing resulted in a large interfacial contact area and low diffusional resistance between the fuel and the oxidizer, and the reaction reflects large energy and laser ignition sensitivity.
    Źródło:
    Central European Journal of Energetic Materials; 2015, 12, 1; 129-144
    1733-7178
    Pojawia się w:
    Central European Journal of Energetic Materials
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Different Ignition Responses of Powdery and Bulky 1,3,5-Triamino-2,4,6-trinitrobenzene (TATB) Based Polymer-bonded Explosives under Ultra-high Voltage Electrostatic Discharge
    Autorzy:
    Lyu, Z.
    Long, X.
    Li, Z.
    Dai, X.
    Deng, C.
    He, S.
    Li, M.
    Yao, K.
    Wen, Y.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/358240.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2018
    Wydawca:
    Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz - Instytut Przemysłu Organicznego
    Tematy:
    electrostatic spark sensitivity
    ultra-high voltage electrostatic discharge
    thermal effect
    electric field effect
    Opis:
    The electric spark induced ignition mechanism for explosives needs further study. The ignition of powdery and bulky TATB by electrostatic discharge (ESD) was investigated. Up to 200 kV ultra-high voltage ESD was applied to powdery and bulky explosives of two TATB-based polymer-bonded explosives (named PBX-1 and PBX-2). The results showed that the spark sensitivities of powdery and bulky explosives are extremely different for the same formulation. The 50% ignition voltages of powdery PBX-1 and PBX-2 were 10.8 kV and 8.5 kV, respectively, while the values for the bulky samples (tablets) were not less than 200 kV. Both heat and the electric field can be transmitted into the powdery samples, on the other hand only the electric field can be transmitted into the bulk samples. The electric field has a smaller contribution while the heat has a larger contribution to the ignition during an ESD, i.e., the thermal effect plays a main role in the ignition process. Our experimental results are in good agreement with recent results calculated by density functional theory.
    Źródło:
    Central European Journal of Energetic Materials; 2018, 15, 2; 283-298
    1733-7178
    Pojawia się w:
    Central European Journal of Energetic Materials
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
      Wyświetlanie 1-7 z 7

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