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Wyświetlanie 1-15 z 208
Tytuł:
Light scattering in Baltic crude oil - seawater emulsion
Autorzy:
Stelmaszewski, A.
Krol, T.
Toczek, H.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/47707.pdf
Data publikacji:
2009
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Oceanologii PAN
Tematy:
marine environment
sea water emulsion
Baltic Sea
light scattering
sea water
Baltic crude oil
petroleum
Opis:
The paper discusses the scattering of radiation by a Baltic crude oil –sea water emulsion. The scattering spectrum calculated using the Mie solution in the spectral range from 380 nm to 730 nm is compared with the measured spectrum of light scattered through a right angle. Spectra in the wavelength range from 210 nm to 730 nm were measured using a spectrofluorimeter for fresh and stored samples of the Baltic crude oil emulsion. Scattering increases with wavelength in the UV range and then decreases slightly with the wavelength of visible light. The result of the calculation is similar to the measured spectra. Both the calculated and measured spectra display numerous relative extremes throughout the spectral area. Light scattering in the emulsion decreases during storage as the oil concentration in the medium diminishes. The results also demonstrate that the single scattering model describes the phenomenon correctly.
Źródło:
Oceanologia; 2009, 51, 3; 405-414
0078-3234
Pojawia się w:
Oceanologia
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Thin chlorophyll layer concomitant of the thermohaline intrusion in the confluence of the Gulf Stream and Labrador Current (a case study)
Autorzy:
Karabashev, G.S.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/48303.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Oceanologii PAN
Tematy:
fluorometer
chlorophyll fluorescence
sea water
temperature
coloured dissolved organic matter
vertical distribution
thermohaline
sea water intrusion
Labrador Current
Źródło:
Oceanologia; 2019, 61, 4
0078-3234
Pojawia się w:
Oceanologia
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Relationships between water temperature, nutrients and dissolved oxygen in the Northern Gulf of Aqaba, Red Sea
Autorzy:
Manasrah, R.
Raheed, M.
Badran, M.I.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/49092.pdf
Data publikacji:
2006
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Oceanologii PAN
Tematy:
stratification
nutrient
Aqaba Gulf
temperature
sea water
Red Sea
oxygen
Opis:
Five years (1998, 2000–2003) of summer records of temperature, nutrients and dissolved oxygen concentrations in the upper 400 m of the water column of the northern Gulf of Aqaba were employed to produce a simple statistical model of the relationship between temperature versus nitrate, phosphate, silicate andd issolved oxygen concentrations. Temperature profiles in the upper 400 m during summer revealeda clear thermocline in the upper 200 m. This was reflected in nutrient ando xygen concentrations as nitrate, phosphate, and silicate increasedfr om the surface to deep water while dissolved oxygen decreased. The best fit relationship between temperature versus nitrate andphosphate was inverse linear and the best fit correlation between temperature versus silicate andd issolvedo xygen was fractional. The observedn utrient concentrations were shaped by a combination of the hydrodynamics and biological factors. Deep winter mixing and high nutrient concentrations dominate during winter. Shortly after the water stratifies in spring, the nutrients are drawn down by phytoplankton during the spring bloom and remain low throughout the rest of the year. The regression equations presented here will be useful in estimating nutrient concentrations from temperature records as long as the annual natural cycle is the main driver of nutrient concentrations and external inputs are insignificant. Deviations from these relationships in the future could provide insight into modifications in the nutrient concentrations probably resulting from new nutrient sources, such as anthropogenic inputs.
Źródło:
Oceanologia; 2006, 48, 2
0078-3234
Pojawia się w:
Oceanologia
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Comparison between stability constants of cadmium and lead complexes with humic substances of different molecular weight isolated from Baltic Sea water
Autorzy:
Grzybowski, W.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/47686.pdf
Data publikacji:
2000
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Oceanologii PAN
Tematy:
ultrafiltration
humic substance
sea water
cadmium
complexation
water
Baltic Sea
lead
heavy metal
Opis:
The complexation of cadmium and lead with humic substances was studied using differential pulse anodic stripping voltammetry and a standard addition technique. The titration was done for humic substances of different molecular weight that had been isolated from seawater and subsequently redissolved in organic-free seawater. The different molecular weight fractions were obtained by ultrafiltration using 1000 D (Dalton), 5000 D and 10 000 D pore size filters. Comparison of the calculated stability constants suggests that the strengths of lead complexes in the analysed fractions are similar and that cadmium is complexed by the fraction smaller than 1000 D.
Źródło:
Oceanologia; 2000, 42, 4
0078-3234
Pojawia się w:
Oceanologia
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Natural water fluorescence characteristics based on lidar investigations of a surface water layer polluted by an oil film; the Baltic cruise - Mai 2000
Autorzy:
Drozdowska, V.
Babichenko, S.
Lisin, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/48468.pdf
Data publikacji:
2002
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Oceanologii PAN
Tematy:
oil pollution
surface water
fluorescence
natural sea water
Baltic Sea
lidar investigation
component
Opis:
Several sea and laboratory experiments have been carried out to detect and determine the fluorescence characteristics of seawater and its natural fluorescing components and to analyse the influence of oil in the surface water layer on the lidar-induced return signal. The aim of the laboratory investigations was to create a database of different natural water types and of water polluted with Petrobaltic oil. During the r/v ‘Oceania’ cruise in the southern Baltic Sea two lidar methods were applied simultaneously to detect and analyse the influence of the fluorescence emission of oil on the fluorescence spectrum of seawater. Detection of oil pollution can be used to correct the fluorescent factors of fluorescing components on the basis of natural seawater fluorescence spectra.
Źródło:
Oceanologia; 2002, 44, 3
0078-3234
Pojawia się w:
Oceanologia
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Parameterization of light scattering for solving the inverse problem of determining the concentrations of the principal light scattering and absorbing admixtures in shelf waters
Autorzy:
Pelevin, V.N.
Rostovtseva, V.V.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/48226.pdf
Data publikacji:
2001
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Oceanologii PAN
Tematy:
bio-optical modelling
backscattering
sea water
shelf water
light absorption
irradiance
Opis:
A method for estimating the water backscattering coefficient was put forward on the basis of experimental data of diffuse attenuation coefficient for downwelling irradiance and irradiance reflectance. Calculations were carried out for open sea waters of different types and the spectral dependencies were found (‘anomalous’ spectra) and explained. On this basis, a new model of light backscattering on particles in the sea is proposed. This model may be useful for modelling remote sensing reflectance spectra in order to solve the inverse problems of estimating the concentration of natural admixtures in shelf waters.
Źródło:
Oceanologia; 2001, 43, 4
0078-3234
Pojawia się w:
Oceanologia
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
12-hour cycle of matter transformation in the sea surface microlayer in the offshore waters of the Gdańsk Basin (Baltic Sea) during spring
Autorzy:
Falkowska, L.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/48216.pdf
Data publikacji:
2001
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Oceanologii PAN
Tematy:
nutrient
matter transformation
spring
sea water
Baltic Sea
microlayer
sea surface
Gdansk Basin
Opis:
Short-term measurements of nutrient and DOC concentrations and suspended matter (particles, chlorophyll a, phaeophytin, algae and ATP concentrations) carried out in seawater layers of varying thickness (10, 90, 250 μm and the underwater layer – 15 cm depth) in spring form the basis for a discussion of the diurnal fluctuations of nutrient and suspended organic matter concentrations. Quantitative and qualitative differences in the composition of neuston species were recorded in selected sub-layers of the chemically stratified sea surface microlayer. The non-linear regression equation was applied in a mathematical model of the diurnal fluctuations of nutrients and organic matter. Two maxima and two minima were found in the diurnal cycle of nutrient concentrations and organic suspensions in sub-layers of different thickness selected from the sea surface. The first maximum, expressed by the proliferation of phytoneuston, lasted from the very early morning till mid-morning. The second maximum occurred in the afternoon. The chlorophyll a concentration, and ATP and neuston abundance declined markedly around noon, when the biologically-damaging radiation dose increased, compelling the downward migration of organisms. At the same time, the photo-oxidation of dissolved organic matter intensified and the concentrations of inorganic forms of nitrogen and phosphorus rose. A shift (up to 2 h) between the maximum and minimum neuston concentration in these sea surface layers was indicative of phototaxis occurring within the entire surface microlayer and in the underwater layer. After sunset the decline in phytoneuston abundance could be related to zooplankton grazing as well as to respiratory breakdown.
Źródło:
Oceanologia; 2001, 43, 2
0078-3234
Pojawia się w:
Oceanologia
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Monosaccharides in the water of the Gulf of Gdańsk
Autorzy:
Grzybowski, W.
Maksymiuk, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/47542.pdf
Data publikacji:
2001
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Oceanologii PAN
Tematy:
organic matter
saccharide
monosaccharide
sea water
organic carbon
Baltic Sea
Gdansk Gulf
Opis:
The concentration of monosaccharides in samples collected in the Gulf of Gdańsk area was determined in water filtered through ∼0.8 μm pore size filters. Seawater concentrations ranged from about 0.2 to 1.1 mg C dm−3, the highest values being detected at the mouth of the river Vistula. Seasonality was detectable in the data distribution; the majority of autumn values lay within the 0.2–0.4 range while concentrations in the spring samples were higher and the values more widely scattered. Measurements of monosaccharide concentrations at selected points during the whole observation period showed that values increased from spring to autumn as much as 5-fold. Concomitant analyses in Vistula river water yielded concentrations from 0.4 to 1.2 mg C dm−3. These latter values were all higher than those recorded in seawater in the corresponding months.
Źródło:
Oceanologia; 2001, 43, 2
0078-3234
Pojawia się w:
Oceanologia
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Hydrocarbons on sea water: steady-state spreading signatures determined by an optical method
Autorzy:
Boniewicz-Szmyt, K.
Pogorzelski, S.
Mazurek, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/49155.pdf
Data publikacji:
2007
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Oceanologii PAN
Tematy:
oil pollution
optical method
sea water
hydrocarbon
contamination
petroleum derivative
Opis:
The spreading properties of several hydrocarbons (vegetable, engine, gear and crude oils) on distilled and artificial sea water were determined under laboratory conditions using a novel optical method. With the aid of Langmuir’s equation, the geometrical signatures of a discrete lens of each hydrocarbon droplet floating on a water tank served to calculate the entering E (31.30–94.18 mN m−1) and spreading S (−3.50 to −57.49 mN m−1) coefficients, and equilibrium thicknesses t∞ (0.20–1.25 cm). They appeared to be in agreement with the values derived from direct interfacial tension measurements (Wilhelmy plate and stalagmometer methods). Empirical relations of the normalized lens radius rL/rdrop and S on the water surface tension γAW were postulated as being of significant value in oil spill assessment studies at sea. The parameters obtained together with the surface properties of a natural surfactant-containing water body represent the principal input data required for modelling the spreading of a surface-tension-gradient-driven oil spill at sea.
Źródło:
Oceanologia; 2007, 49, 3
0078-3234
Pojawia się w:
Oceanologia
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Optimising the storage and extraction of chlorophyll samples
Autorzy:
Wasmund, N.
Topp, I.
Schories, D.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/47427.pdf
Data publikacji:
2006
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Oceanologii PAN
Tematy:
freezing
methodology
extraction
chlorophyll a
sea water
alga culture
Baltic Sea
chlorophyll
storage
Opis:
The effect of different methodological steps on the analysis of chlorophyll a (chl a) was tested with algae cultures and Baltic Sea water. Selected experiments were tested with ANOVAs for significant differences between treatments. The results of the experiments led to the following recommendations: the sample volume should be low so that filtration takes no longer than 10 min. Extracts rather than filters should be stored if storage of the samples at −20◦C is required. However, quickfreezing in liquid nitrogen is recommended. The extraction efficiency was much better in 96% ethanol than in 90% acetone – extraction in the latter solvent requires the filters to be homogenised. The extraction time has no significant influence within a range of 3 to 24 hours if the recommended 96% ethanol is used.
Źródło:
Oceanologia; 2006, 48, 1
0078-3234
Pojawia się w:
Oceanologia
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Dissolved oxygen variability in the Southern Baltic Sea in 2013—2018
Autorzy:
Rak, D.
Walczowski, W.
Dzierzbicka-Glowacka, L.
Shchuka, S.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2079094.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Oceanologii PAN
Tematy:
dissolved oxygen concentration
oxygenation
sea water
water column
surface layer
seasonal cycle
major inflow
Baltic Sea
Opis:
This paper discusses changes in the dissolved oxygen concentration (DOC) in the southern Baltic Sea. The oxygenation of the whole water column was estimated. Monthly mean DOCs, as well as a detailed description of the annual surface layer dissolved oxygen (DO) cycle, are presented. The DO cycle at the surface is characterized by two maxima in March/April and November, and by two minima in July/August and December. The DO decline time after the major Baltic inflow (MBI) in 2014 was estimated at about 10 months for the Bornholm Deep and Słupsk Furrow. Whereas the Bornholm Basin was relatively well oxygenated, low oxygen concentrations (<4 mg l−1) were measured in the deep layer of the Gdańsk Deep throughout the inflow period. In addition, the cod spermatozoa activation layer together with the neutral egg buoyancy layer for the Bornholm Basin and Słupsk Furrow are discussed on the basis of the measured DOCs and the variability in hydrographic conditions.
Źródło:
Oceanologia; 2020, 62, 4PA; 525-537
0078-3234
Pojawia się w:
Oceanologia
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Microfouling development on artificial substrates deployed in the central Red Sea
Autorzy:
Balgadi, A.A.
Salama, A.J.
Satheesh, S.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/47499.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Oceanologii PAN
Tematy:
microfouling
biofilm
nutrient cycling
diatom
sea water
winter
summer season
Red Sea
Saudi Arabia
Źródło:
Oceanologia; 2018, 60, 2
0078-3234
Pojawia się w:
Oceanologia
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Seasonal and spatial variability of surface seawater fluorescence properties in the Baltic and Nordic Seas: results of lidar experiments
Autorzy:
Drozdowska, V.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/47809.pdf
Data publikacji:
2007
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Oceanologii PAN
Tematy:
chlorophyll a
fluorescence
spatial variability
blossoming period
sea water
seasonal variation
Baltic Sea
lidar
Nordic Sea
Opis:
The paper analyses experimental measurements of laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) spectra in different seawaters. The fluorescence parameters, calculated from LIF spectra as the ratio of the integrals of fluorescence and Raman signal intensities, provide information about the relative changes in the concentrations of fluorescing molecules. Gathered during several cruises in 1994–2004 in the Baltic and Nordic Seas, all the data are presented as scatter plots of the fluorescence parameters of chlorophyll a (Chl a) and coloured dissolved organic matter (CDOM). Satisfactory correlations between these two parameters were found a) for open Nordic Seas waters, b) for the southern Baltic in blooming periods only, and c) for the Gulf of Gdańsk in non-blooming periods only.
Źródło:
Oceanologia; 2007, 49, 1
0078-3234
Pojawia się w:
Oceanologia
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Spectral dependence of the correlation between the backscattering coefficient and the volume scattering function measured in the Southern Baltic Sea
Autorzy:
Freda, W.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/47893.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Oceanologii PAN
Tematy:
volume scattering function
backscattering coefficient
marine optics
Baltic Sea
optical property
sea water
spectral variability
Opis:
Direct measurements of the backscattering coefficient bb require the determination of the Volume Scattering Function (VSF) and its integration over a backward hemisphere. In sea water they are difficult and are therefore carried out very rarely. That is why the backscattering coefficient is much more frequently obtained with so-called single angle scattering meters: these operate by measuring the VSF for a fixed angle region of the backward hemisphere. This article examines the spectral variability of the correlation between directly measured backscattering coefficients and VSFs. Also presented are the averaged slopes of VSF spectra, measured in southern Baltic waters over a wide range of scattering angles.
Źródło:
Oceanologia; 2012, 54, 3
0078-3234
Pojawia się w:
Oceanologia
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Variability of currents over the southern slope of the Gulf of Finland
Autorzy:
Suhhova, I.
Pavelson, J.
Lagemaa, P.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/48946.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Oceanologii PAN
Tematy:
stratification
upwelling
downwelling
Finland Gulf
coastal sea water
seasonal thermocline
current velocity
Źródło:
Oceanologia; 2015, 57, 2
0078-3234
Pojawia się w:
Oceanologia
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Wyświetlanie 1-15 z 208

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