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Tytuł:
Underwater Acoustic Imaging of the Sea
Autorzy:
Grelowska, G.
Kozaczka, E.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/176472.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
underwater imaging
systems of underwater observation
Opis:
Acoustic waves are a carrier of information mainly in environments where the use of other types of waves, for example electromagnetic waves, is limited. The term acoustical imaging is widely used in the ultrasonic engineering to imaging areas in which the acoustic waves propagate. In particular, ultrasound is widely used in the visualization of human organs – ultrasonography (Nowicki, 2010). Expanding the concept, acoustical imaging can also be used to presentation (monitoring) the current state of sound intensity distribution leading to characterization of sources in observed underwater region. This can be represented in the form of an acoustic characteristic of the area, for example as a spectrogram. Knowledge of the underwater world which is built by analogy to the perception of the space on the Earth’s surface is to be systematize in the form of images. Those images arise as a result of graphical representation of processed acoustic signals. In this paper, it is explained why acoustic waves are used in underwater imaging. Furthermore, the passive and active systems for underwater observation are presented. The paper is illustrated by acoustic images, most of them originated from our own investigation.
Źródło:
Archives of Acoustics; 2014, 39, 4; 439-452
0137-5075
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Acoustics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Revealing the Invisible: The Heritagization Process of the Underwater Environment
Autorzy:
De Vivo, Caterina
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2015864.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
heritagization
underwater heritage
narrative
Opis:
Cultural heritage is not a given concept, it is a social construct. Thanks to the development of the SCUBA diving techniques, the XXth century saw the gradual heritagization of the underwater environment, with the emergence of the concept of "underwater cultural heritage" whose most relevant outcome is the 2001 UNESCO Convention on the Protection of the Underwater Heritage. However, the analysis of six case studies from the Mediterranean context shows how the process of institutionalization of underwater archaeology is not completed yet. Moreover, the general public still does not perceive ancient objects lying beneath the water as their heritage. The case of the invisible underwater heritage was the perfect example which showed how, in order to build a powerful cultural object (Griswold, 1987: 4), it is necessary to make it really accessible to people and, especially, linked to a powerful narrative. The analysis was developed using the Cultural Diamond (Griswold, 2004: 16) as a descriptive model and Schudson's (Schudson, 1989) five dimensions as an analytical tool.
Źródło:
Roczniki Socjologii Morskiej; 2015, 24; 4-20
0860-6552
Pojawia się w:
Roczniki Socjologii Morskiej
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Research on Organic Coatings Designed for Underwater Applications
Autorzy:
Orlikowski, J.
Jażdżewska, A.
Jurak, K.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/353754.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
organic coatings
underwater application
offshore
Opis:
Underwater steel structures require periodic maintenance. In the case of vessels, anti-corrosion works are carried out in the shipyard, where very good conditions for applying organic protective coatings can be provided. Very good surface preparation can be obtained by the use of abrasive blasting. The well-prepared metal surface is free from impurities (particularly inorganic salts). Suitable conditions for the application and renovation of coatings are also ensured (creating appropriate climatic conditions, drying the air, setting the appropriate air temperature). However, there are underwater constructions that cannot be transferred above the water level and, therefore, their conservation against corrosion can take place only under the surface of the water, which significantly hinders the execution of renovation works. In this work, protective coatings for underwater application were tested. The application of coatings on selected steel surfaces over and under the water was carried out. Physico-mechanical and electrochemical tests were carried out in order to assess the quality of the obtained corrosion protection. The possible difficulties faced when applying coatings in marine conditions were discussed.
Źródło:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials; 2020, 65, 1; 169-174
1733-3490
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Assessment of Geopolymer Concrete for Underwater Concreting Properties
Autorzy:
Zaidi, Fakhryna Hannanee Ahmad
Ahmad, Romisuhani
Al Bakri Abdullah, Mohd Mustafa
Wan Ibrahim, Wan Mastura
Aziz, Ikmal Hakem
Junaidi, Subaer
Luhar, Salmabanu
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2106595.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
geopolymer
underwater concrete
fly ash
kaolin
Opis:
For ages, concrete has been used to construct underwater structures. Concrete laying underwater is a very complex procedure important to the success or failure of underwater projects. This paper elucidates the influence of alkali activator ratios on geopolymers for underwater concreting; focusing on the geopolymer concrete synthesized from fly ash and kaolin activated using sodium hydroxide and sodium silicate solutions. The geopolymer mixtures were designed to incorporate multiple alkali activator ratios to evaluate their effects on the resulting geopolymers’ properties. The fresh concrete was molded into 50 mm cubes in seawater using the tremie method and tested for its engineering properties at 7 and 28 days (curing). The control geopolymer and underwater geopolymers’ mechanical properties, such as compressive strength, water absorption density, and setting time were also determined. The differences between the control geopolymer and underwater geopolymer were determined using phase analysis and functional group analysis. The results show that the geopolymer samples were optimally strengthened at a 2.5 alkali activator ratio, and the mechanical properties of the control geopolymer exceeded that of the underwater geopolymer. However, the underwater geopolymer was determined to be suitable for use as underwater concreting material as it retains 70% strength of the control geopolymer.
Źródło:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials; 2022, 67, 2; 677--684
1733-3490
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
An Efficient Edge Preserving Interpolation Method for Underwater Acoustic Image Resolution Enhancement
Autorzy:
Priyadharsini, R.
Sree Sharmila, T.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2141674.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
acoustic images
edge preserving interpolation
resolution enhancement
sonar
underwater
Opis:
Underwater acoustic images are acquired using sonar instrument that uses sound propagation to navigate and map the sea floor. The sonar devices are effectively used to create images of large area of the seabed. However, the visual perception of the object in the acoustic image depends on refraction, which is a function of changes in the speed of sound in successive layers of water. And refraction depends mainly on temperature, slightly on salinity and hydrostatic pressure. The quality and resolution of sonar imaging of the bottom depends on many other factors such as pitch, yaw and heave of the side scan sonar, the presence of volume scatterers in the water body, the distance of the sonar from the bottom and orientation of the object. Generally, the objects in an acoustic image would be of small size compared to their normal size as the distance between the sonar and object is larger. To detect and recognize the objects in the images, the resolution should be enhanced. In this paper, we propose an efficient edge preserving interpolation method for underwater acoustic image resolution enhancement which preserves the edge sharpness. The method handles the diagonal pixels in the first pass, in turn fills the horizontal and vertical pixels in the second pass. The results obtained are compared with the state-of-the-art interpolation techniques and the performance measures such as Peak Signal to Noise Ratio (PSNR) and Structural Similarity Index Measurement (SSIM) shows an improved result.
Źródło:
Archives of Acoustics; 2022, 47, 2; 267-274
0137-5075
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Acoustics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
A Review on Feasible and Reliable Underwater Wireless Optical Communication System for achieving High Data Rate and Longer Transmission Distance
Autorzy:
Joseph, Lenin
Anandan, Sangeetha
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2200713.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
UWOC
underwater channel
oceanic medium
optical signals
absorption
scattering
attenuation
turbulence
Opis:
Underwater Wireless Optical Communication (UWOC) offers significant research prospective with major challenges in the design and implementation. UWOC is capable of providing high rate of data transmission across large distances. This paper attempts to focus on the intricacies of practical implementations and open research issues of UWOC systems. Critical advances and progresses made in the field, modelling techniques and link design challenges are summarised. The purpose of this review is to give suggestions towards feasible and reliable UWOC design with improved performance. Finally the major points are summarized so that it will assist the future research in UWOC.
Źródło:
International Journal of Electronics and Telecommunications; 2022, 68, 4; 815--823
2300-1933
Pojawia się w:
International Journal of Electronics and Telecommunications
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Theoretical and experimental analysis on the interaction properties between tracks and sediments considering sand content for unmanned underwater tracked bulldozer
Autorzy:
Li, Yong
He, Dingchang
Si, Qiaorui
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2173566.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
unmanned underwater tracked bulldozer
underwater robot
river bed sediment
shear stress
pressure-sinkage
spychacz gąsienicowy bezzałogowy podwodny
robot podwodny
osad z koryta rzeki
naprężenie ścinające
spadek ciśnienia
Opis:
The unmanned underwater tracked bulldozer (UUTB) is an indispensable equipment for dredging and cleaning obstacles on the river bed in the flood season. The investigation on the interaction properties between the UUTB tracks and sediments provides foundation for the evaluation of operation performance when it works on the inland river bed. Based on the current worldwide research, the sediments mixed by sand, bentonite and water with sand content 0%, 10% and 20% were configured in this study to replace the real sediments on the inland river bed in China. The current pressure-sinkage model and shear stress-shear displacement model were discussed. Three different tracks were tested for the pressure-sinkage and the shear stress-shear displacement on the platform. The relationship between pressure and sinkage under sand content 0%, 10% and 20% are revealed based on the experimental results. The modulus of cohesive deformation and friction deformation of the sediments under said sand content are presented. The curves of shear stress and shear displacement are also obtained, which demonstrates the properties between the tracks and configured sediments under sand content 0%, 10% and 20%. The relationship between the tractive force and slip ratio with three different tracks under said sand content is also presented based on the quantitative analysis, which provides reference for the dynamics control and performance evaluation of UUTB on the inland river bed.
Źródło:
Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences. Technical Sciences; 2021, 69, 1; art. no. e136036
0239-7528
Pojawia się w:
Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences. Technical Sciences
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Theoretical and experimental analysis on the interaction properties between tracks and sediments considering sand content for unmanned underwater tracked bulldozer
Autorzy:
Li, Yong
He, Dingchang
Si, Qiaorui
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2090708.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
unmanned underwater tracked bulldozer
underwater robot
river bed sediment
shear stress
pressure-sinkage
spychacz gąsienicowy bezzałogowy podwodny
robot podwodny
osad z koryta rzeki
naprężenie ścinające
spadek ciśnienia
Opis:
The unmanned underwater tracked bulldozer (UUTB) is an indispensable equipment for dredging and cleaning obstacles on the river bed in the flood season. The investigation on the interaction properties between the UUTB tracks and sediments provides foundation for the evaluation of operation performance when it works on the inland river bed. Based on the current worldwide research, the sediments mixed by sand, bentonite and water with sand content 0%, 10% and 20% were configured in this study to replace the real sediments on the inland river bed in China. The current pressure-sinkage model and shear stress-shear displacement model were discussed. Three different tracks were tested for the pressure-sinkage and the shear stress-shear displacement on the platform. The relationship between pressure and sinkage under sand content 0%, 10% and 20% are revealed based on the experimental results. The modulus of cohesive deformation and friction deformation of the sediments under said sand content are presented. The curves of shear stress and shear displacement are also obtained, which demonstrates the properties between the tracks and configured sediments under sand content 0%, 10% and 20%. The relationship between the tractive force and slip ratio with three different tracks under said sand content is also presented based on the quantitative analysis, which provides reference for the dynamics control and performance evaluation of UUTB on the inland river bed.
Źródło:
Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences. Technical Sciences; 2021, 69, 1; e136036, 1--13
0239-7528
Pojawia się w:
Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences. Technical Sciences
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Underwater Noise Generated by a Small Ship in the Shallow Sea
Autorzy:
Grelowska, G.
Kozaczka, E.
Kozaczka, S.
Szymczak, W.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/177360.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
signal processing
sound propagation
underwater ship noise
propagation in the shallow sea
Opis:
Study of the sea noise has been a subject of interest for many years. The first works in this scope were published at the turn of the twentieth century by Knudsen (Knudsen et al., 1948) and G. Wenz (Wenz, 1962). Disturbances called “shipping noise” are one of the important components of the sea noise. In this work the results of an experimental research of underwater noise produced by a small ship of a classic propulsion are presented. A linear receiving antenna composed of two orthogonal components was used in the investigation. Identification of the main sources of acoustic waves related with the ship was achieved. In addition, the intensity of the wave was measured. The research was performed in conditions of the shallow sea.
Źródło:
Archives of Acoustics; 2013, 38, 3; 351-356
0137-5075
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Acoustics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Contemporary aspects of the theory and application of nonlinear acoustics
Autorzy:
Bjørnø, L.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/176901.pdf
Data publikacji:
2005
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
nonlinear acoustics
absorption
diffraction
dispersion
focused fields
underwater applications
second-order nonlinearity parameter
Opis:
The foundations of nonlinear acoustics may be traced nearly 250 years back in time, but only the last 50 years have shown an increasing number of attempts to exploit the research results in nonlinear acoustics. Based upon the fundamental equations of fluid dynamics, the second-order acoustic equations may be derived which can be reduced to a compound equation describing several of the most important and fast developing areas of research in nonlinear acoustics. The relations between this compound equation and Burgers' equation, Korteweg-DeVries equation, the K-Z-K equation, Westervelt's equation and the general second-order wave equation are discussed in depth. Finally, it is shown how the derivatives of the compound equation can be applied to nonlinear acoustic research related to materials characterisation by use of the B/A-ratio, to underwater acoustics by use of the parametric acoustic array and to focused, high-power ultrasonic fields.
Źródło:
Archives of Acoustics; 2005, 30, 1; 73-85
0137-5075
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Acoustics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
On the Interaction of Resonance And Bragg Scattering Effects for the Locally Resonant Phononic Crystal with Alternating Elastic and Fluid Matrices
Autorzy:
Yuan, B.
Chen, Y.
Jiang, M.
Tang, S.
He, M.
Tu, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/177103.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
locally resonant phononic crystals
effective speed of sound
coupling band gaps
underwater acoustic materials
Opis:
Three-dimensional (3D) locally resonant phononic crystals (LRPCs) are studied with the aim of optimising the sub-wavelength band gaps of such composites. By analysing their effective acoustic properties, it has been found that the effective acoustic speed of the composite will drop to zero when local resonance arise, and will increase monotonically when Bragg scattering effects occur. Moreover, if the matrix is a low-shear-speed medium, local resonators can significantly reduce the effective acoustic speed of the composite and, therefore, lower the frequency where Bragg scattering effects occur. Hence, a specific LRPC with alternating elastic and fluid matrices is proposed, whose resonance and Bragg gaps are already close in frequency. The fluid matrix behaves as a wave filter, which prevents the shear waves from propagating in the composite. By using the layer-multiple-scattering theory, the coupling behaviour of local resonance and Bragg scattering band gaps has been investigated. Both gaps are enhanced when they move closer to each other. Finally, a gap-coupled case is obtained that displays a broad sub-wavelength band gap. Such proposal excels at the application of underwater acoustic materials since the arrangement of structure can be handily adjusted for tuning the frequency of coupled gap.
Źródło:
Archives of Acoustics; 2017, 42, 4; 725-733
0137-5075
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Acoustics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Optimization of autonomous underwater vehicle mission planning process
Autorzy:
Wawrzyński, Wojciech
Zieja, Mariusz
Żokowski, Mariusz
Sigiel, Norbert
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2173653.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
sea bottom research
autonomous underwater systems
AUV trajectory
badania dna morskiego
autonomiczne systemy podwodne
trajektoria AUV
Opis:
This article presents the information concerning aspects of the autonomous underwater vehicle (AUV) mission planning process, emphasizing maritime security monitoring and surveillance, and using side-looking sonars as a primary data source. The paper describes characteristic mission plan phases and gives suggestions for the operators, mainly concerning the safety and effectiveness of the AUV mission. The article describes the coverage path planning algorithm, which could be used to create an effective AUV mission plan, considering AUV manoeuvrability, sonar characteristics, and environmental factors. The results of the algorithms have been verified during the real mission of the AUV vehicle.
Źródło:
Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences. Technical Sciences; 2022, 70, 2; art. no. e140371
0239-7528
Pojawia się w:
Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences. Technical Sciences
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Design Sensitivity Studies on a Hydroacoustic Projector Using an Experimentally Validated Easy-to-Build Model
Autorzy:
Sreejith, Vattaparambil Sreedharan
Tiwari, Nachiketa
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2141678.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
low frequency sound source
underwater transducer
fluid power
hydro-electro-mechano-acoustic analogy
hydraulic valve
piston
cylinder
Opis:
Hydroacoustic projectors are useful for generating low frequency sounds in water. Existing works on hydroacoustic projectors require two significant enhancements, especially for designers. First, we need to understand the influence of important projector design parameters on its performance. Such insights can be very useful in developing a compact and efficient projector. Second, there is a need for an integrated model of the projector based on easily available and user-friendly numerical tools which do not require development of complex customised mathematical analogs of projector components. The present work addresses both such needs. Towards these goals, an experimentally validated, easy-to-build projector model was developed and used to conduct design sensitivity studies. We show that reductions in pipe compliance and air content in oil, and an increase in orifice discharge coefficient can yield remarkable improvements in projector’s SPL. We also show that reductions in pipe length and cylinder diameter cause moderate improvements in performance in mass and stiffness controlled regions, respectively. In contrast, the projector performance is insensitive to changes in pistonic mass, cylinder length, and diaphragm stiffness. Finally, we report that while pipe compliance and air content in oil can sharply alter system resonance, the effects of changes in pipe length and pistonic mass on it are moderate in nature.
Źródło:
Archives of Acoustics; 2022, 47, 1; 113-124
0137-5075
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Acoustics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Performance comparison of different aerodynamic shapes for autonomous underwater vehicles
Autorzy:
Khalin, Anatoliy
Kizilova, Nataliya
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/139785.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
autonomous underwater vehicle
aerodynamic performance
lifting force
CFD modeling
autonomiczny pojazd podwodny
wydajność aerodynamiczna
siła podnoszenia
modelowanie CFD
Opis:
A brief review of the existing autonomous underwater vehicles, their types, design, movement abilities and missions is presented. It is shown, the shape optimization design and enhancement of their efficiency is the main problem for further development of multipurpose glider technologies. A comparative study of aerodynamic performance of three different shape designs (the airfoil NACA0022 based (I), flattened ellipsoidal (II) and cigar-type (III) bodies of the same volumes) has been carried out. Geometrical modelling, meshing and computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations have been carried out with AnSys15.0. The pathlines and wall shear stress distributions have been computed to understand the advantages and disadvantages of each shape. The lift and drag coefficients, aerodynamic quality, power index and pitching moment have been computed. The higher efficiency of the shape I/shape II at higher/lower angles of attack (greater than 20o and less than 20o) has been found. The shape III develops high speeds at the same angles of attack and has higher manoeuvrability at relatively low aerodynamic quality. The comparative analysis of the flow capabilities of studied autonomous undersea vehicles proposes some design improvement for increasing their energy efficiency and flow stability.
Źródło:
Archive of Mechanical Engineering; 2019, LXVI, 2; 171-189
0004-0738
Pojawia się w:
Archive of Mechanical Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Asynchronous Demodulation Method for Four SSB arranged on Frequency Axis in Mobile Radio Path using Hilbert Transform
Autorzy:
Daikoku, Kazuhiro
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1844503.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
asynchronous demodulation
4-SSB
ISB
mobile radio path
Hilbert transform
HF/VHF band telecommunications
tactical communications
underwater communications
Opis:
In this paper, an asynchronous demodulation method for a four-single sideband (SSB) signal arranged on the frequency axis is developed to support burst mode transmission in a mobile radio path and to achieve greater data throughputs. When a reduced pilot carrier is placed at the center of the 4-SSB signal, it is guarded by lower and upper sidebands, that is, this scheme is classified into a tone-in-band (TIB) system. Digital signal processing (DSP) processors are useful for implementing a Hilbert transform. However, we have for a long time neglected introducing it into the demodulation process of SSB signals.
Źródło:
International Journal of Electronics and Telecommunications; 2021, 67, 3; 445-450
2300-1933
Pojawia się w:
International Journal of Electronics and Telecommunications
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Wyświetlanie 1-15 z 22

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