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Tytuł:
Cumulative ventilation air drying potential as an indication of dry mass content in wastewater sludge in a thin-layer solar drying facility
Autorzy:
Krawczyk, P.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/240801.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
sewage sludge drying
solar drying
dry matter calculation
suszenie osadów ściekowych
suszenie solarne
obliczanie suchej masy
Opis:
Controlling low-temperature drying facilities which utilise non-prepared air is quite difficult, due to very large variability of ventilation air parameters - both in daily and seasonal cycles. The paper defines the concept of cumulative drying potential of ventilation air and presents experimental evidence that there is a relation between this parameter and condition of the dried matter (sewage sludge). Knowledge on current dry mass content in the dried matter (sewage sludge) provides new possibilities for controlling such systems. Experimental data analysed in the paper was collected in early 2012 during operation of a test solar drying facility in a sewage treatment plant in Błonie near Warsaw, Poland.
Źródło:
Archives of Thermodynamics; 2013, 34, 4; 23-43
1231-0956
2083-6023
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Thermodynamics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Morphology and microencapsulation efficiency of foamed spray-dried sunflower oil
Autorzy:
Lewandowski, A.
Czyżewski, M.
Zbiciński, I.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/185119.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
suszenie rozpryskowe
emulsja
pienienie
emulsion
spray drying
foaming
Opis:
An analysis of the effect of feed foaming on the efficiency of sunflower oil encapsulation on selected product properties is presented in the paper. Experiments were carried out in a pilot-plant concurrent spray dryer using the gas-admixing technique. The analysis of the product properties showed that the application of foaming makes it possible to control final product properties, e.g. apparent density, bulk density, distribution of particle diameters, etc. at a high efficiency of sunflower oil encapsulation.
Źródło:
Chemical and Process Engineering; 2012, 33, 1; 95-102
0208-6425
2300-1925
Pojawia się w:
Chemical and Process Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Investigation on the possibility to enhancing honey spray drying process and powders properties by ultrafiltration pre-treatment
Autorzy:
Samborska, Katarzyna
Barańska, Alicja
Bodel, Daria
Jedlińska, Aleksandra
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/185752.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
spray drying
honey
maltodextrin
ultrafiltration
suszenie rozpyłowe
maltodekstryna
ultrafiltracja
Opis:
Linden honey ultrafiltration (15 kDa MWCO ceramic membrane) was performed as honey solution pre-treatment before spray drying. Feed and retentate solutions with the addition of maltodextrin as a carrier were spray dried. Drying yield and physical properties of powders were studied (after drying and after 12 weeks of storage). During ultrafiltration it was possible to remove some amount of sugars responsible for honey low glass transition temperature, while keeping protein compounds. Yet, it did not have a significant impact on the drying performance and improvement of powder physical properties immediately after drying and after storage. However, the possibility to remove sugars from honey solution by ultrafiltration can be an encouragement for further research.
Źródło:
Chemical and Process Engineering; 2019, 40, 3; 305--313
0208-6425
2300-1925
Pojawia się w:
Chemical and Process Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Ultrasound-assisted osmotic dehydration and convective drying of apples: Process kinetics and quality issues
Autorzy:
Mierzwa, D.
Kowalski, S. J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/185203.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
osmotic dehydration
ultrasound
drying
kinetics
product quality
odwadnianie osmotyczne
ultradźwięk
suszenie
kinetyka
jakość produktu
Opis:
The aim of the present theme issue was to study the influence of ultrasound enhancement on the kinetcis of osmotic dehydration and the effect of convective drying from the point of view of drying time and quality of dried products. Apple fruit was used as the experimental material. The kinetics of osmotic dehydration with (UAOD) and without (OD) ultrasound enhancement were examined for 40% fructose and sorbitol solutions. The effective dehydration time of osmotic process was determined. Preliminary dehydrated samples with OD and UAOD were next dried convectively with (CVUS) and without (CV) ultrasound assistance. The influence of OD and UAOD on the kinetics of CV and CVUS drying was analysed. The parameters of water activity and colour change were measured for the assessment of product quality after drying process.
Źródło:
Chemical and Process Engineering; 2016, 37, 3; 383-391
0208-6425
2300-1925
Pojawia się w:
Chemical and Process Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Intensification of drying processes due to ultrasound enhancement
Autorzy:
Kowalski, S. J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/185139.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
hybrid drying
ultrasound
kinetics
drying efficiency
synergistic effect
suszenie hybrydowe
ultradźwięk
kinetyka
efekt synergiczny
Opis:
The aim of this article is to present a modern method of convective drying intensification caused by the external action of ultrasound. The purpose of this study is to discover the mechanism of ultrasonic interaction between the solid skeleton and the moisture in pores. This knowledge may help to explain the enhancement of drying mechanism affected by ultrasound, particularly with respect to biological products like fruits and vegetables. The experimental kinetics tests were conducted in a hybrid dryer equipped with a new ultrasonic generator. The drying kinetics curves determined on the basis of drying model developed by the author were validated with those by the ones obtained from experimental tests. The intensification of heat and mass transfer processes due to ultrasound induced heating effect and vibration effect are analysed. The obtained results allow to state that ultrasound makes drying processes more effective and enhance the drying efficiency of biological products without significant elevation of their temperature.
Źródło:
Chemical and Process Engineering; 2018, 39, 3; 251--262
0208-6425
2300-1925
Pojawia się w:
Chemical and Process Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Two-dimensional CFD modeling of the heat and mass transfer process during sewage sludge drying in a solar dryer
Autorzy:
Krawczyk, P.
Badyda, K.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/240601.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
suszenie osadów ściekowych
wymiana ciepła i masy
CFD
heat and mass transfer
sewage sludge drying
Opis:
The paper presents key assumptions of the mathematical model which describes heat and mass transfer phenomena in a solar sewage drying process, as well as techniques used for solving this model with the Fluent computational fluid dynamics (CFD) software. Special attention was paid to implementation of boundary conditions on the sludge surface, which is a physical boundary between the gaseous phase - air, and solid phase - dried matter. Those conditions allow to model heat and mass transfer between the media during first and second drying stages. Selection of the computational geometry is also discussed - it is a fragment of the entire drying facility. Selected modelling results are presented in the final part of the paper.
Źródło:
Archives of Thermodynamics; 2011, 32, 4; 3-16
1231-0956
2083-6023
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Thermodynamics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Influence of preliminary osmotic dehydration on drying kinetics and final quality of carrot (Daucus Carota L.)
Autorzy:
Kowalski, S. J.
Mierzwa, D.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/185002.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
jakość produktu
kinetyka suszenia
suszenie konwektywne
osmotic dehydration
convective drying
carrot
drying kinetics
product quality
Opis:
This paper concerns convective drying of carrot preliminary dehydrated in aqueous solutions of three types of osmotic agents (sucrose, fructose, glucose). Three solution concentrations (20, 40 and 60%) were examined to work out efficient conditions of osmotic dewatering. The parameters such as water loss (WL), solid gain (SG) and osmotic drying rate (ODR) indicating the real efficiency of osmotic dehydrations (OD) were determined. The samples dehydrated with osmotic solutions underwent further convective drying to analyze influence of dehydration process on drying kinetics and final products quality. The quality of products was assessed on the basis of visual appearance of the samples and colorimetric measurements. It was found that osmotic pretreatment improves significantly the final product quality as the samples were less deformed and their colour was better preserved compared to samples, which had not been preliminarily dehydrated. Preliminary dehydration, however, did not influence significantly the overall drying time of the samples.
Źródło:
Chemical and Process Engineering; 2011, 32, 3; 185-194
0208-6425
2300-1925
Pojawia się w:
Chemical and Process Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Biomass drying: Experimental and numerical investigations
Autorzy:
Żabski, J.
Lampart, P.
Gumkowski, S.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/240060.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
wood chips drying
drying simulation
drying front
packed bed
zrębki drewniane
symulacja
suszenie
złoże stałe
Opis:
Results of experimental and numerical investigations of wood chips drying are described in the paper. Experiments are carried out on two test facilities: a small laboratory rig and a larger pre-prototype dryer. Both facilities are thorough-circulation convective air dryers. The first one is a batch dryer, whereas the second one is a continuous dryer with wood chips flowing down by gravity from a charging hopper to a gutter with the aid of screw-conveyor. The latter is considered a half scale model (preprototype) for professional drying installations. A low feeding rate of wood chips into the pre-prototype dryer makes the process quasi-stationary and the difference between it and a batch drying is negligible. So, most experiments at this facility were carried out as batch dryers with non-agitated packed beds. The investigations exhibit the same linear correlation between the mass of evaporated water from the packed bed and the drying air velocity for both facilities. Numerical analysis of the drying process is conducted using the Ansys Fluent software enriched in drying capabilities by means of self-written procedures – user defined functions. Simulations confirmed a phenomenon of a drying front observed in the small laboratory rig. A thin layer of wood chips comprises the whole heat exchange and moisture evaporation phenomenon. The drying front travels downstream in the course of the process separating the already dried layer and still wet layer.
Źródło:
Archives of Thermodynamics; 2018, 39, 1; 39-73
1231-0956
2083-6023
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Thermodynamics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Ocena skuteczności pochłaniania mikrofal przez różne osnowy mas formierskich
Evaluation of the Microwaves Absorption Effectiveness by Various Moulding Sand Matrixes
Autorzy:
Mażulis, J.
Stachowicz, M.
Granat, K.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/380222.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
masa formierska
mikrofale
suszenie
piasek chromitowy
piasek cyrkonowy
piasek kwarcowy
moulding sand
microwaves
drying
quartz sand
Opis:
W pracy przedstawiono wyniki badań nad możliwością zastosowania mikrofal do wspomagania procesu suszenia mas formierskich i rdzeniowych sporządzonych z różnymi gatunkami osnowy. Zawartość wody w masach formierskich, podobnie jak rodzaj zastosowanej osnowy, ma istotny wpływ na jakość wytwarzanych odlewów. W badaniach zastosowano unikatowe stanowisko mikrofalowej linii szczelinowej, umożliwiające ocenę, na podstawie pomiaru parametrów dielektrycznych, wielkości strat mocy emitowanego sygnału mikrofalowego penetrującego próbki stosowanych w odlewnictwie gatunków osnowy: chromitowej, cyrkonowej i kwarcowej. Dzięki zastosowaniu unikatowego, prototypowego stanowiska badawczego możliwym było usystematyzowanie wiedzy na temat wpływu parametrów dielektrycznych zastosowanych w badaniach gatunków piasku na skuteczność pochłaniania mikrofal przez sporządzone z nimi masy formierskie, a zatem na efektywność mikrofalowych procesów dosuszania, suszenia i utwardzania przez dehydratację tych mas. Wyniki badań wykazały jednoznacznie wpływ składu chemicznego (mineralogicznego) zastosowanych gatunków osnowy na proces pochłaniania mikrofal oraz wyznaczyły nowe obszary zastosowania mikrofal do wspomagania procesów odlewniczych.
This paper presents the results of studies on the possibility of applying microwaves to support the drying process of molding and core sands made of different types of matrix. The water content in sand molds as well as the type of used matrix has a significant impact on the quality of produced castings. In the research a unique microwave slot line measuring stand was used. Being based on the dielectric parameter measurement it enabled the evaluation of power losses of microwave penetrating molding and core sands samples such as: chromite, zircon and quartz. The knowledge about the influence of dielectric parameters on microwave absorption effectiveness depending on used in the research sand types was systematized. Thus it was possible to specify the efficiency of microwave drying, re drying and hardening of particular molding sands as a result of dehydration. The results of the survey pointed out the impact of the chemical (mineralogical) composition of used matrix types on the microwave absorption process as also determined new fields of microwaves application as a support of foundry processes.
Źródło:
Archives of Foundry Engineering; 2013, 13, 2 spec.; 74-80
1897-3310
2299-2944
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Foundry Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Intensification of beech wood drying process using microwaves
Autorzy:
Rajewska, Kinga
Smoczkiewicz-Wojciechowska, Anna
Majka, Jerzy
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/185246.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
beech wood
microwave drying
strength tests
nonlinear regression
drewno bukowe
suszenie mikrofalowe
testy wytrzymałościowe
regresja nieliniowa
Opis:
This paper analyses the influence of the applied microwave power output on the intensification of drying in the context of process kinetics and product quality. The study involved testing samples of beech wood (Fagus sylvatica L.). Wood samples were dried in the microwave chamber at: 168 W, 210 W, 273 W, 336 W and 378 W power output level. For comparison, wood was dried convectively at 40 ◦C and 87% air relative humidity. The analysis of drying process kinetics involved nonlinear regression employing the Gompertz model. Dried samples were subjected to static bending tests in order to specify the influence of the applied microwave power on modulus of elasticity (MOE) and modulus of rapture (MOR). The obtained correlations of results were verified statistically. Analysis of drying kinetics, strength test results and Tukey’s test showed that the applied microwaves of a relatively low level significantly shortened the drying time, but did not cause a reduction in the final quality of dried wood, compared with conventional drying.
Źródło:
Chemical and Process Engineering; 2019, 40, 2; 179--187
0208-6425
2300-1925
Pojawia się w:
Chemical and Process Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The impact of mechanical pre-treatment of wood biomasson drying rate
Autorzy:
Głowacki, Szymon
Jaros, Małgorzata
Sojak, Mariusz
Tulej, Weronika
Bryś, Andrzej
Witek, Monika
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/185782.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
renewable resources of energy
biomass
robinia
drying
pre-treatment
odnawialne źródła energii
biomasa
suszenie
zabiegi wstępne
Opis:
The work presents the process of drying wood biomass after pre-treatment involving either debarkingor crushing. The biomass used for research came from a robinia species wood. The material was driedin free-convection, at the drying medium temperatures of 40, 50, 60, 70 and80◦C, respectively. Pre-treatment proved to have a significant impact on the drying rate, including the time required to reachmoisture content of 10%, essential to start further treatment of biomass for power industry purposes.It was found that debarked samples of robinia lost water more quickly than the crushed ones. Samplesthat did not undergo pre-treatment took the longest time to dry.
Źródło:
Chemical and Process Engineering; 2020, 41, 2; 95--103
0208-6425
2300-1925
Pojawia się w:
Chemical and Process Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Wpływ dodatku rozpuszczalnika na wybrane właściwości rdzeni pokrytych powłoką ochronną
The Influence of Solvent Addition on Selected Properties of Cores Covered with Protective Coating
Autorzy:
Wildhirt, E.
Ramus, J.
Jakubski, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/380792.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
powłoka ochronna
materiał ogniotrwały
suszenie powłok
temperatura podwyższona
głębokość penetracji
protective coating
refractory material
increased temperature
penetration depth
Opis:
Obciążenia cieplne, którym poddawane są formy i rdzenie, powodują termiczne zmęczenie materiału, które może generować tworzenie się wad takich jak: pęknięcia, wżarcia, żyłki, wykruszanie materiału formy podczas zalewania. Może dochodzić także do przypalenia i penetracji metalu do masy formierskiej lub rdzeniowej. Jednym z rozwiązań ograniczającym występowanie niekorzystnych zjawisk jest zastosowanie powłok ochronnych. Nanoszone są one w celu poprawy jakości powierzchni odlewów oraz ułatwienia wyjęcia odlewu z formy. W niniejszym artykule zaprezentowano wstępne wyniki badań wpływu zwiększonej ilości rozcieńczalnika w powłokach, na głębokość penetracji powłoki w głąb rdzeni oraz pomiar parametru hot distortion.
Thermal loads applied to moulds and cores cause thermal fatigue and the appearance of flaws such as: cracks, penetration, veins, spalling of mould material during casting. Scorching and penetration of metal into the moulding sand or core sand are also possible. One of the solutions that limit the occurrence of unfavourable phenomena is using protective coatings. They are applied in order to improve the quality of castings and make it easier to extract a casting from the mould. This article presents a general classification of coatings applied to casting moulds and cores. It focusses mainly on protective coatings and describes the methods of applying and drying them. Preliminary results of coating tests are presented, including microscopic observation of the depth of coating penetration into mass and a measurement of the hot distortion parameter relative to the amount of solvent added.
Źródło:
Archives of Foundry Engineering; 2015, 15, 4 spec.; 155-158
1897-3310
2299-2944
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Foundry Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Influence of ultrasound assist during hot air drying on properties of dried apple crisps
Autorzy:
Banaszak, J.
Pawłowski, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/185565.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
ultrasound drying
compression test
acoustic emission
apple
material properties
suszenie ultradźwiękowe
test kompresji
emisji akustycznej
jabłko
właściwości materiału
Opis:
In this paper the influence of high power airborne ultrasound on drying biological material (Lobo apple) properties is considered. Apple samples were dried convectively at 75 ◦C and air flow of 2 m/s with and without ultrasound assist at 200W. During experiments, sun-drenched and not sun-drenched part of fruits were considered separately to show, how the maturity of the product influences dry material properties. Dried apple crisps in a size of small bars were subjected to compression tests during which acoustic emission (AE) was used. Analysis of AE and strength test results shows that correlations between received acoustic signals and sensory attributes (crispness, brittleness) of dried apples can be found. It was noted that ultrasound improved fruit brittleness in comparison with pure convective processes, where fruit maturity determines a kind of destruction and behaviour of dried apple crisps.
Źródło:
Chemical and Process Engineering; 2018, 39, 3; 263--270
0208-6425
2300-1925
Pojawia się w:
Chemical and Process Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Investigation Of Infrared Drying Behaviour Of Spinach Leaves Using ANN Methodology And Dried Product Quality
Autorzy:
Sarimeseli, A.
Yuceer, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/185285.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
Artificial neural network (ANN)
infrared
spinach drying
ascorbic acid
rehydration
colour parameters
sztuczne sieci neuronowe
suszenie
kwas askorbinowy
rehydracja
Opis:
Effects of infrared power output and sample mass on drying behaviour, colour parameters, ascorbic acid degradation, rehydration characteristics and some sensory scores of spinach leaves were investigated. Within both of the range of the infrared power outputs, 300–500 W, and sample amounts, 15–60 g, moisture content of the leaves was reduced from 6.0 to 0.1±(0.01) kg water/ kg dry base value. It was recorded that drying times of the spinach leaves varied between 3.5–10 min for constant sample amount, and 4–16.5 min for constant power output. Experimental drying data obtained were successfully investigated by using artificial neural network methodology. Some changes were recorded in the quality parameters of the dried leaves, and acceptable sensory scores for the dried leaves were observed in all of the experimental conditions.
Źródło:
Chemical and Process Engineering; 2015, 36, 4; 425-436
0208-6425
2300-1925
Pojawia się w:
Chemical and Process Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The Influence of Microwave Drying Parameters on the Properties of Synthetic Moulding Sands
Autorzy:
Nowak, D.
Gal, B.
Włodarska, A.
Granat, K.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/381434.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
innovative foundry technologies
drying
moulding sand
strength properties
permeability
innowacyjne technologie odlewnicze
suszenie mikrofalowe
piasek formierski
właściwości wytrzymałościowe
przepuszczalność
Opis:
In this work, the influence of microwave drying parameters such as irradiation time and microwave power level on the properties of synthetic moulding sands is presented. Determination of compressive strength Rcs, shear strength Rts and permeability Ps of synthetic moulding sands with the addition of two different bentonites, after drying process with variable microwave parameters were made. The research works were carried out using the microwave oven with regulated power range of the electromagnetic field. From the results obtained, the significant influence of both drying time and microwave power level on the selected properties of moulding sands was observed. In comparison to the conventional drying method, microwave drying allows to obtain higher compressive strength of the synthetic moulding sand. The influence of application microwave irradiation on permeability was not observed. Higher strength characteristics and shorter drying time are major advantages of application of the electromagnetic irradiation for drying of the synthetic moulding sand with regard to conventional drying method.
Źródło:
Archives of Foundry Engineering; 2019, 4; 51-54
1897-3310
2299-2944
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Foundry Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
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