Results of experimental and numerical investigations of wood
chips drying are described in the paper. Experiments are carried out on
two test facilities: a small laboratory rig and a larger pre-prototype dryer.
Both facilities are thorough-circulation convective air dryers. The first one
is a batch dryer, whereas the second one is a continuous dryer with wood
chips flowing down by gravity from a charging hopper to a gutter with the
aid of screw-conveyor. The latter is considered a half scale model (preprototype)
for professional drying installations. A low feeding rate of wood
chips into the pre-prototype dryer makes the process quasi-stationary and
the difference between it and a batch drying is negligible. So, most experiments
at this facility were carried out as batch dryers with non-agitated
packed beds. The investigations exhibit the same linear correlation between
the mass of evaporated water from the packed bed and the drying air velocity
for both facilities. Numerical analysis of the drying process is conducted
using the Ansys Fluent software enriched in drying capabilities by means
of self-written procedures – user defined functions. Simulations confirmed a
phenomenon of a drying front observed in the small laboratory rig. A thin
layer of wood chips comprises the whole heat exchange and moisture evaporation
phenomenon. The drying front travels downstream in the course of
the process separating the already dried layer and still wet layer.
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