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    Wyświetlanie 1-6 z 6
    Tytuł:
    Characteristics of the use of coupled hidden Markov models for audio-visual Polish speech recognition
    Autorzy:
    Kubanek, M.
    Bobulski, J.
    Adrjanowicz, L.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/201266.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2012
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    coupled hidden Markov models
    audiovisual speech recognition
    lip reading
    Opis:
    This paper focuses on combining audio-visual signals for Polish speech recognition in conditions of the highly disturbed audio speech signal. Recognition of audio-visual speech was based on combined hidden Markov models (CHMM). The described methods were developed for a single isolated command, nevertheless their effectiveness indicated that they would also work similarly in continuous audiovisual speech recognition. The problem of a visual speech analysis is very difficult and computationally demanding, mostly because of an extreme amount of data that needs to be processed. Therefore, the method of audio-video speech recognition is used only while the audiospeech signal is exposed to a considerable level of distortion. There are proposed the authors’ own methods of the lip edges detection and a visual characteristic extraction in this paper. Moreover, the method of fusing speech characteristics for an audio-video signal was proposed and tested. A significant increase of recognition effectiveness and processing speed were noted during tests – for properly selected CHMM parameters and an adequate codebook size, besides the use of the appropriate fusion of audio-visual characteristics. The experimental results were very promising and close to those achieved by leading scientists in the field of audio-visual speech recognition.
    Źródło:
    Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences. Technical Sciences; 2012, 60, 2; 307-316
    0239-7528
    Pojawia się w:
    Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences. Technical Sciences
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Influence of the Greek Crisis on the Risk Perception of European Economies
    Autorzy:
    Kliber, Agata
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/483351.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2013
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    CDS
    bond spread
    Markov-switching models
    GARCH models
    volatility
    financial crisis
    Opis:
    In the article the author analyses the impact of the Financial Crisis, especially the Greek fiscal one, on the sCDS prices in Europe. The aim of the article is to assess the ability of the sCDS premia to price the risk of countries before and during the Greek crisis. The author analyses sCDS premia of maturity 10 years together with the so called bond-spreads, i.e. the spreads between the countries’ bond indexes and the risk free rate of the region (in our case it was the yield of German bonds of corresponding maturity - 10 years). The idea was to check whether there occurred any discrepancies in the risk valuation via the two measures, as a consequence of the Greek crisis. The data is taken daily and covers the period of 2008-2012. Based upon the results obtained in the research we conclude that the Greek crisis indeed influenced the relationships between the two measures of risk, however the degree of the influence was different in different countries. The relationships between the two measures of risk were totally broken only in the case of Greece, while in the other countries the relationships either were not distorted or had been broken already at the beginning of the financial crisis (2008/2009). The Greek problems were indeed reflected in volatilities of all analysed instruments; however triggering the credit event affected only Greek bonds dynamics.
    Źródło:
    Central European Journal of Economic Modelling and Econometrics; 2013, 5, 2; 125-161
    2080-0886
    2080-119X
    Pojawia się w:
    Central European Journal of Economic Modelling and Econometrics
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Optimization of safety instrumented system design and maintenance frequency for oil and gas industry processes
    Autorzy:
    Redutskiy, Y.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/407133.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2017
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    emergency shutdown system
    Markov models
    multiple-criterion optimization
    safety instrumented system
    systems design
    risk management
    Opis:
    Oil and gas industry processes are associated with significant expenditures and risks. Adequacy of the decisions on safety measures made during early stages of planning the facilities and processes contributes to avoiding technological incidents and corresponding losses. Formulating straightforward requirements for safety instrumented systems that are followed further during the detailed engineering design and operations is proposed, and a mathematical model for safety system design is introduced in a generalized form. The model aims to reflect the divergent perspectives of the main parties involved in oil and gas projects, and, therefore, it is formulated as a multi-objective problem. Application of black box optimization is suggested for solving real-life problem instances. A Markov model is applied to account for device failures, technological incidents, continuous restorations and periodic maintenance for a given process and safety system configuration. This research is relevant to engineering departments and contractors, who specialize in planning and designing the technological solution.
    Źródło:
    Management and Production Engineering Review; 2017, 8, 1; 46-59
    2080-8208
    2082-1344
    Pojawia się w:
    Management and Production Engineering Review
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Forecasting the Polish Zloty with Non-Linear Models
    Autorzy:
    Rubaszek, Michał
    Skrzypczyński, Paweł
    Koloch, Grzegorz
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/483367.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2010-11-03
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    exchange rate forecasting
    Polish zloty
    Markov-switching models
    artificial neural networks
    Opis:
    The literature on exchange rate forecasting is vast. Many researchers have tested whether implications of theoretical economic models or the use of advanced econometric techniques can help explain future movements in exchange rates. The results of the empirical studies for major world currencies show that forecasts from a naive random walk tend to be comparable or even better than forecasts from more sophisticated models. In the case of the Polish zloty, the discussion in the literature on exchange rate forecasting is scarce. This article fills this gap by testing whether non-linear time series models are able to generate forecasts for the nominal exchange rate of the Polish zloty that are more accurate than forecasts from a random walk. Our results confirm the main findings from the literature, namely that it is dificult to outperform a naive random walk in exchange rate forecasting contest.
    Źródło:
    Central European Journal of Economic Modelling and Econometrics; 2010, 2, 2; 151-167
    2080-0886
    2080-119X
    Pojawia się w:
    Central European Journal of Economic Modelling and Econometrics
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Application of Teager Energy Operator on Linear and Mel Scales for Whispered Speech Recognition
    Autorzy:
    Marković, B. R.
    Galić, J.
    Mijić, M.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/176961.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2018
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    Teager energy operator
    cepstral mean subtraction
    whispered speech recognition
    linear scale
    mel scale
    dynamic time warping
    hidden Markov models
    Opis:
    This paper presents experimental results on whispered speech recognition based on Teager Energy Operator for linear and mel cepstral coefficients including the Cepstral Mean Subtraction normalization technique. The feature vectors taken into consideration are Linear Frequency Cepstral Coefficients, Teager Energy based Linear Frequency Cepstral Coefficients, Mel Frequency Cepstral Coefficients and Teager Energy based Mel Frequency Cepstral Coefficients. A speaker dependent scenario is used. For the recognition process, Dynamic Time Warping and Hidden Markov Models methods are applied. Results show a respectable improvement in whispered speech recognition as achieved by using the Teager Energy Operator with Cepstral Mean Subtraction.
    Źródło:
    Archives of Acoustics; 2018, 43, 1; 3-9
    0137-5075
    Pojawia się w:
    Archives of Acoustics
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    FPGA implementation of logarithmic versions of Baum-Welch and Viterbi algorithms for reduced precision hidden Markov models
    Autorzy:
    Pietras, M.
    Klęsk, P.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/201874.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2017
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    hidden Markov models
    numerical stability
    Viterbi algorithm
    parallel architecture
    field-programmable gate array
    ukryte modele Markowa
    stabilność numeryczna
    Algorytm Viterbiego
    architektura równoległa
    Opis:
    This paper presents a programmable system-on-chip implementation to be used for acceleration of computations within hidden Markov models. The high level synthesis (HLS) and “divide-and-conquer” approaches are presented for parallelization of Baum-Welch and Viterbi algorithms. To avoid arithmetic underflows, all computations are performed within the logarithmic space. Additionally, in order to carry out computations efficiently – i.e. directly in an FPGA system or a processor cache – we postulate to reduce the floating-point representations of HMMs. We state and prove a lemma about the length of numerically unsafe sequences for such reduced precision models. Finally, special attention is devoted to the design of a multiple logarithm and exponent approximation unit (MLEAU). Using associative mapping, this unit allows for simultaneous conversions of multiple values and thereby compensates for computational efforts of logarithmic-space operations. Design evaluation reveals absolute stall delay occurring by multiple hardware conversions to logarithms and to exponents, and furthermore the experiments evaluation reveals HMMs computation boundaries related to their probabilities and floating-point representation. The performance differences at each stage of computation are summarized in performance comparison between hardware acceleration using MLEAU and typical software implementation on an ARM or Intel processor.
    Źródło:
    Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences. Technical Sciences; 2017, 65, 6; 935-946
    0239-7528
    Pojawia się w:
    Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences. Technical Sciences
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
      Wyświetlanie 1-6 z 6

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