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Tytuł:
Parameter optimization of sea waterway system dredged to the specified depth case of the modernized Świnoujście-Szczecin fairway
Autorzy:
Gucma, S.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/224014.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
sea waterways
optimization
parameters
drogi wodne
optymalizacja
parametry
Opis:
The paper presents a methodology for designing and optimizing the parameters of reconstructed marine waterways dredged to a certain depth. The reconstruction comes down to a particular deepening and widening of the waterway to permit operation of longer, broader and deeper drawing ships. The methodology, based on a systemic approach to the design and optimization of waterways, uses the method developed at the Marine Traffic Engineering Centre (MTEC), Maritime University of Szczecin and methods of computer simulation. The optimization criterion used is the minimization of the aggregated costs of construction and operation of the waterway and its navigation systems.
Źródło:
Archives of Transport; 2016, 40, 4; 29-38
0866-9546
2300-8830
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Transport
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The use of limestone in historic road surfaces – a case study
Autorzy:
Hydzik-Wiśniewska, Joanna
Hycnar, Elżbieta
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2203334.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
kostka brukowa
nawierzchnia drogi
wapień
paving stones
historic road surface
limestone
Opis:
The article presents the problem of selecting the correct type of limestone for producing paving stones used to renovate the surface of Mariacki Square in Krakow. Due to using up local limestone deposits, imported limestones began to be used. The first one was a Turkish limestone with the trade name Lotus Beige. Despite substantial physical and mechanical parameters (compressive strength 134 MPa, water absorption 0.26%), after several years of use, the paving stone cracked and, as a result, fell apart into smaller fragments. Hauteville limestone from France has been selected for the following reconstruction of the surface. This limestone in the air-dry state was characterised by even higher parameters, i.e. compressive strength of 157 MPa, flexural strength at 16.9 MPa, Bohme Abrasion test at 15275 mm3, and water absorption at 0.23%. The tests also showed absolute frost resistance and high resistance to thermal shock. Unfortunately, after several years of using the surface of Mariacki Square, cracks and flaking of the rock material have been observed in terms of some paving stones. These cracks appeared within the so-called stylolite seams, which are a natural feature of limestone. Despite a very strict selection of materials, unfortunately, problems with the surface’s durability could not be avoided.
Źródło:
Archives of Mining Sciences; 2022, 67, 3; 477--490
0860-7001
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Mining Sciences
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Research on hybrid modified pathfinder algorithm for optimal reactive power dispatch
Autorzy:
Suresh, V.
Senthil Kumar, S.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2086822.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
optimal reactive power dispatch
ORPD
real-power losses
pathfinder algorithm
PFA
modified pathfinder algorithm
mPFA
hybrid pathfinder algorithm
HPFA
optymalna dyspozycja mocy biernej
strata mocy rzeczywistej
algorytm wyszukiwania najkrótszej drogi
algorytm wyszukiwania najkrótszej drogi zmodyfikowany
algorytm wyszukiwania najkrótszej drogi hybrydowy
Opis:
Hybridization of meta-heuristic algorithms plays a major role in the optimization problem. In this paper, a new hybrid meta-heuristic algorithm called hybrid pathfinder algorithm (HPFA) is proposed to solve the optimal reactive power dispatch (ORPD) problem. The superiority of the Differential Evolution (DE) algorithm is the fast convergence speed, a mutation operator in the DE algorithm incorporates into the pathfinder algorithm (PFA). The main objective of this research is to minimize the real power losses and subject to equality and inequality constraints. The HPFA is used to find optimal control variables such as generator voltage magnitude, transformer tap settings and capacitor banks. The proposed HPFA is implemented through several simulation cases on the IEEE 118-bus system and IEEE 300-bus power system. Results show the superiority of the proposed algorithm with good quality of optimal solutions over existing optimization techniques, and hence confirm its potential to solve the ORPD problem.
Źródło:
Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences. Technical Sciences; 2021, 69, 4; e137733, 1--8
0239-7528
Pojawia się w:
Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences. Technical Sciences
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
A Modified Approach for Estimation of Passenger Car Units on Intercity Divided Multilane Highways
Autorzy:
Srikanth, S.
Mehar, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/224108.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
PCU
traffic volume
multilane highway
speed
VISSIM
natężenie ruchu
drogi wielopasmowe
prędkość
Opis:
The accuracy of measured traffic flow on a roadway is highly depends on correctness of PCUs used for converting traffic volume. Field data for the present study was collected from the mid-block road sections of different divided multilane highways in India. Video graphic method was used for collecting the field data. PCUs are estimated from the available methods as given in the literature by using traffic flow data observed in the field. Present study describes a modified methodology for estimation of PCU value of subject vehicles that includes the time headway as influencing parameter. The approach used in the present study is inspired from the method of dynamic PCU estimation where a PCU is expressed as the ratio of speed ratio and area ratio of standard cars to the subject vehicle type. Unlike dynamic PCU method, this method includes time headway factor for PCU estimation. The method found more realistic and logical as it provides relatively higher values of PCUs than those obtained from dynamic PCU method. Simulation of traffic flow was also performed through microscopic simulation model VISSIM for generating congestion and for comparing estimated PCU values at the level of maximum traffic volume. The methodology adopted in this study will be extended for development of comprehensive PCU model by including more numbers of influencing factors under varying traffic and roadway conditions.
Źródło:
Archives of Transport; 2017, 42, 2; 65-74
0866-9546
2300-8830
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Transport
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Innovative technology of transshipment in inland ports constituting interchanges of intermodal transport chains
Innowacyjna technologia transportu intermodalnego z wykorzystaniem śródlądowych dróg wodnych
Autorzy:
Tołkacz, L.
Rosochacki, W.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/224313.pdf
Data publikacji:
2010
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
transport intermodalny
barki rzeczne
śródlądowe drogi wodne
transport
stabilization
barge
innovative solution positioning
Opis:
The work presents an innovative solution of integrated load units transport with the use of inland waterways. The proposed concept of transport system utilizes river barges with construction allowing their positioning in relation to loading dock. Such solution creates a possibility to conduct transshipment works at high fluctuation of water levels, and leads to shortening the transshipment cycle using typical loading devices.
W pracy przedstawiono innowacyjne rozwiązanie transportu zintegrowanych jednostek ładunkowych z wykorzystaniem śródlądowych dróg wodnych. W proponowanej koncepcji systemu transportowego wykorzystuje się barki rzeczne o konstrukcji umożliwiającej ich pozycjonowanie względem nabrzeża przeładunkowego. Takie rozwiązanie stwarza możliwość prowadzenia prac przeładunkowych przy dużych wahaniach stanów wody oraz prowadzi do skrócenia cyklu przeładunkowego przy wykorzystaniu typowych urządzeń załadowczych.
Źródło:
Archives of Transport; 2010, 22, 3; 377-386
0866-9546
2300-8830
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Transport
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Development of models to study traffic accidents on the final sections of access roads to the cities: a case study of three major Iranian cities
Autorzy:
Fallah Tafti, Mehdi
Roshani, Reza
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1955155.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
traffic accidents
city access roads
entrance roads
traffic safety
accident prediction model
neural networks
wypadki drogowe
drogi dojazdowe do miasta
drogi wjazdowe
bezpieczeństwo na drodze
modele przewidywania wypadków
sieci neuronowe
Opis:
The final sections of main access roads to the cities require especial attention as the frequency of accidents in these road sections are considerably higher than other parts of interurban roads. These road sections operate as an interface between the rural roads and urban streets. The previous researches available on this subject are limited and they have also mainly focused on a narrow range of factors contributing to the accidents in these areas. The main contribution of this research is to consider a relatively comprehensive range of potential factors , and to examine their impacts through the development and comparison of both conventional probabilistic models and Artificial Neural Network (ANN) models. For this purpose, information related to the main access roads of three major Iranian cities were collected. This information consisted of accident frequency data together with the field observations of traffic characteristics, roadway conditions and roadside features of these roads. Various ANN and probabilistic models were developed. The frequency of accidents, i.e. fatal, injured, or damaged accidents, was considered as the output of the developed models. The results indicated that a hybrid of ANN models, each comprised of 10 input variables representing traffic, roadway and roadside conditions, outperformed several probabilistic models, i.e. Poisson, Negative binomial, Zero-truncated Poisson, and Zero-truncated Negative Binomial models, also developed under similar conditions in this study. Moreover, effective roadway width, roadway lighting condition, the standard deviation of vehicles speed, percentage of drivers violating the speed limit, average annual daily traffic, percentage of heavy goods vehicles, the density of roadside commercial and industrial land uses, the density of median U-turns, the density of local access roads, and the effective width of the left-side shoulder were identified as the most effective factors contributing to the accidents in these areas. The developed ANN model can be used as a tool to predict accident rates in these road sections, and to estimate a potential reduction in the accident rates, following any improvements in the major factors contributing to the traffic accidents in these areas.
Źródło:
Archives of Transport; 2021, 59, 3; 129-148
0866-9546
2300-8830
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Transport
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Rewitalizacja dróg wodnych Delty Wisły jako podstawanowej perspektywy osiedleńczej
Revitalization of the Vistula Delta Waterways as the Basis of New Settlement Vista
Autorzy:
Rubczak, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2031670.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
nowa osada
rewitalizacja
delta Wisły
drogi wodne
new settlement
vista revitalization
Vistula delta
waterways
Opis:
Dzięki osadnictwu oraz polderyzacji terenów Delty Wisły powstał unikatowy krajobraz otwarty. W celu zrozumienia procesów wpływających na dzisiejszy krajobraz kulturowy i funkcjonowanie obszaru, należy dobrze zrozumieć czynniki, które wpłynęły na tożsamość regionalną istniejącej na tym terenie cywilizacji hydraulicznej. Pośród licznych uwarunkowań na szczególną uwagę zasługuje wątek transportowy, w tym rola dróg wodnych na przestrzeni dziejów w kształtowaniu procesów osadniczych. Współcześnie zauważalny zanik tożsamości regionu związany jest z niekorzystnymi procesami rozwoju przestrzennego: brakiem spójnej polityki przestrzennej oraz niedostateczną świadomością odrębności i niepowtarzalnego charakteru obszaru. W związku z tym zadano pytanie badawcze: w jaki sposób przeprowadzić rewitalizację techniczną i kulturową regionu, świadectwa genialnej myśli inżynierskiej, aby możliwe było wykształcenie współczesnej tożsamości. Podjęto próbę określenia, jakie znaczenie w kształtowaniu nowego wizerunku obszaru ma układ hydrografi czny, czy możliwe jest tworzenie osadnictwa, wykorzystującego atrakcyjność żywiołu, z jednoczesnym zachowaniem kompleksowej ochrony przeciwpowodziowej na terenach wiejskich i mniej licznych zurbanizowanych. Podjęto próbę odpowiedzi na zadane pytanie, jaki jest możliwy kierunek rozwoju osadnictwa Delty Wisły zakładając, że kluczowym zagadnieniem, stanowiącym wspólną koncepcję rewitalizacji1 stanowi odbudowa dróg wodnych regionu. Rewitalizacja dróg wodnych wpłynie bowiem na rozwój przestrzenny oraz artykulację struktur architektonicznych związanych z wodą. Zauważalny zanik tożsamości regionalnej może zostać zatrzymany, a nową tendencją będzie powstanie społeczności koegzystującej z wodnym żywiołem.
The Article describes research on the issue of revitalization of the Vistula River Delta waterways. The problem of development at the interface between land and water is determined by the specifity of a river delta. River and sea levels are strongly related up to a hundred kilometers from the coast. In the area after World War II is discernible loss of regional identity. Recognition of the problem in an interdisciplinary manner is essential. The aim is to identify trends that could lead to the revival of regional identity. The key issue, which is a common concept of revitalization is the restoration of the waterways of the region. Observable is a revival of water tourism and thus increase the investment attractiveness of delta areas. Sense of identity and perception of area is also connected with reponsability of inhabitants living in hydrogenic area. Lack of identity nowadays society can be redefined for creating water society settlement. Polders can be formed as part of the Vistula Delta water landscape. The research are carried out in an interdisciplinary way. Analysis of cartographic sources, literature and the current social aspects present a problem of revitalization as complex. Detailed analysis of context can indicate an answer to the question what should be the contemporary direction of development of settlements in the area.
Źródło:
Biuletyn Komitetu Przestrzennego Zagospodarowania Kraju PAN; 2016, 264; 81-99
0079-3493
Pojawia się w:
Biuletyn Komitetu Przestrzennego Zagospodarowania Kraju PAN
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Assessment of Pedestrian-Vehicle Interaction on Urban Roads: a Critical Review
Autorzy:
Thakur, Sourabh
Biswas, Subhadip
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/223619.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
urban road
pedestrian safety
pedestrian crossing
pedestrian delay
drogi miejskie
bezpieczeństwo pieszych
przejście dla pieszych
Opis:
Walking is being promoted as either a main mode of transportation or as a part of multimodal mobility. However, a rapid growth and development in urban areas has resulted in a drastic increase in human population as well as vehicular population in most of the metropolitans across the globe. Due to this, there is an unavoidable increase in conflicts between vehicular traffic and pedestrians often sharing the same road space. At an undesignated crossing, pedestrians wait for suitable inter-vehicular gap to cross the road. However, in order to reduce the waiting delay, pedestrians often take risk by accepting smaller gaps while crossing the road. It increases the probability of their collision with approaching vehicles. Apart from the frequency of crashes, the crash severity is also vastly governed by traffic flow characteristics. In this regard, it is a common belief that the reduction in speed of approaching vehicles can significantly bring down the severity of pedestrian crashes. On the other hand, vehicular movements also get obstructed due to the pedestrian activities carried out on the carriageway. During pedestrian crossing maneuvers, pedestrians often force the approaching vehicle(s) either to slow down or to change the lane which leads to reduction in the average speed of traffic stream. However, in case of pedestrians walking along the road, vehicles tend to shy away towards the center of carriageway to ensure the safe movements of pedestrians. Hence, pedestrians irrespective of crossing or walking along the road, eventually results in the reduction in speed as well as capacity of the road and sometimes prove to be a promising threat to safety of the road users. Therefore, in order to delve into the phenomena of pedestrian-vehicle interaction, one should need to study the mutual influences of pedestrian and vehicular movements on each other. In this background, this paper puts forward a detailed literature review on the assessment of pedestrian-vehicle interaction on urban roads. Findings of the paper are specific and infer the behaviors of both pedestrians and vehicles while sharing the same road space.
Źródło:
Archives of Transport; 2019, 51, 3; 49-63
0866-9546
2300-8830
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Transport
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Assessment of skid resistance of asphalt mixtures in laboratory conditions
Autorzy:
Gardziejczyk, W.
Wasilewska, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/230616.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
kruszywo
nawierzchnia drogi
BPN
odporność na poślizg
PSV
mieszanka asfaltowa
aggregate
road surface
skid resistance
asphalt mixture
Opis:
The aggregate applied for the wearing course has a significant influence on skid resistance of road surfaces. However, it is difficult to evaluate the behaviour of road surface in use on the basis of the Polished Stone Value (PSV) determined for the aggregate according to the so called ‘British method’. The British method, which is currently used in many countries, does not allow to determine the influence of neither the grain size of the aggregate nor the type of the wearing course on skid resistance of road surface. The present paper suggests a method for evaluation of the British Pendulum Number (BPN) for road surfaces in laboratory conditions. The authors assumed the BPN for polished slabs, made from asphalt mixtures, as the criterion. The index was measured with the British Pendulum Tester. The simulation of the process was conducted on research stand (called slab polisher) built at Bialystok University of Technology (BUT). The results of laboratory tests indicate that surfaces from asphalt concrete (AC) have slightly higher values of BPN in comparison with the values determined for surfaces made from stone mastic asphalt (SMA).
Źródło:
Archives of Civil Engineering; 2012, 58, 4; 521-534
1230-2945
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Civil Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Optimization of LNG terminal parameters for a wide range of gas tanker sizes: the case of the port of Świnoujście
Autorzy:
Gucma, Stanisław
Gucma, Maciej
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/224029.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
LNG terminal
port waterways
optimization
navigational safety
restricted areas
terminal LNG
portowe drogi wodne
optymalizacja
bezpieczeństwo nawigacyjne
obszar zastrzeżony
Opis:
LNG terminals are built to handle tankers of specific size, with cargo capacities within a narrow scope. This is related to the differences in cargo, fender and mooring systems used for LNG tanker handling of various sizes. The research problem solved in the article is the development of the method for optimal design of a universal LNG cargo handling facility that enables safe operations of LNG tankers in a wide range of cargo capacity that covers almost entire spectrum of global fleet tanker sizes. The article presents a methodology of optimizing the parameters of LNG cargo terminals to accommodate both small bunker ships with cargo capacity of 500 m3 (50 metres in length) to Q-flex type tankers capable of carrying up to 220 000 m3 (320 m in length). The authors have determined conditions for the safe operation of these tankers in sea LNG terminals and described differences in the construction of cargo, fendering and mooring systems. The optimization of both location and terminal parameters for a wide range of gas tanker sizes as well as approach channels leading to the LNG berths was performed using a specially designed two-stage simulation method of optimization. In the first stage the best location of a universal LNG terminal and its berths in the existing port basin is determined. The second stage defines optimal parameters of approach waterways to the berths of a universal LNG terminal. The optimization criterion at both stages was the minimization of the costs to build and to operate a universal LNG terminal. The developed optimization methodology was actually used in the design of the universal LNG terminal in the outer port of Świnoujście. The tests made use of real time simulation (RTS) and non-autonomous models of ships, in which ship movement is controlled by a human (pilot, captain). Simulation tests were performed on a multi-bridge ship handling Polaris simulator with a 3D projection, from Kongsberg Maritime AS. This full-mission bridge simulator (FMBS) is located at the Marine Traffic Engineering Centre, Maritime University of Szczecin. Two simulation ship movement models were built and verified for testing the manoeuvres of port entry and berthing. These are: Q-flex type tanker (length: 320 m) and an LNG bunker ship, 6,000 m3 capacity, 104 m in length. The test results were used in the design of the universal LNG terminal in the outer port of Świnoujście and approach waterways leading to the berths (now this investment project is in progress).
Źródło:
Archives of Transport; 2019, 50, 2; 91-100
0866-9546
2300-8830
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Transport
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Direct observation of rerouting phenomena in traffic networks
Autorzy:
Kucharski, R.
Gentile, G.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/223498.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
dynamic traffic assignment
rerouting phenomena
route choice models
information comply model
dynamiczna alokacja ruchu
przekierowania
modele wyboru drogi
wybór trasy
Opis:
In this paper we propose how available dataset can be used to estimate rerouting phenomena in traffic networks. We show how to look at set of paths observed during unexpected events to understand the rerouting phenomena. We use the information comply model [1] and propose its estimation method. We propose the likelihood formula and show how the theoretical and observed rerouting probabilities can be obtained. We conclude with illustrative example showing how a single observed path can be processes and what information it provides. Contrary to parallel paper [2] where rerouting phenomena is estimated using real traffic flow measures from Warsaw, here we use only synthetic data. The paper is organized as follows. First we elaborate on rerouting phenomena and define the traffic network, then we summarize the literature behind rerouting phenomena. We follow with a synthetic definition of dynamic traffic assignment needed to introduce ICM model in subsequent section. Based on that introduction we define the observations and propose estimation method based on them followed by illustrative example. Paper is summarized with conclusions and pointing of future directions.
Źródło:
Archives of Transport; 2014, 30, 2; 57-66
0866-9546
2300-8830
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Transport
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Design optimal rural road network using GIS
Autorzy:
Modinpuroju, A.
Prasad, C.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/223559.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
rural roads
optimal road network
minimum travel time
facility index
GIS
drogi wiejskie
optymalna sieć dróg
minimalny czas podróży
indeks obiektu
Opis:
To have an effective development among the isolated, remote areas, rural transportation is recognized as a key factor. Efficient rural transportation depends largely on a well-knit road network to provide accessibility and mobility in rural areas. This work affords an applied method for the development of rural road networks in rural areas of developing countries. The proposed methodology enables to determine nodal points in the rural road network based on the facility index of the settlements. The rural road network is generated by connecting the nodal points by minimum travel time path in Geographical Information System (GIS). Spatial analysis is carried out in the study area to identify the Desirable Coverage Distance of the Facility(DCDF). The Village Facility Index (VFI) is calculated by considering the desirable coverage distance. The suggested methodology is simple and practical, hence, highly applicable to real-world scenarios, as demonstrated in the definition of the road network for the rural areas.
Źródło:
Archives of Transport; 2017, 41, 1; 63-71
0866-9546
2300-8830
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Transport
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Development of models for determining the traffic volume for the analysis of roads efficiency
Autorzy:
Spławińska, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/223741.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
roads
automatic traffic recorder
ATR
design hourly volume
DHV
multiple regression
artificial neural networks
drogi
automatyczny rejestrator ruchu
analiza efektywności dróg
sztuczna inteligencja
Opis:
The article presents different methods of estimating DHV, including traditional Factor Approach, developed Regression Models and Artificial Neural Networks models. As explanatory variables: quantitative variables (AADT and the share of heavy vehicles) as well as qualitative variables (the cross-section, roads class, nature of the area, the profile of seasonal variations, region of Poland and the nature of traffic patterns) were used. In addition, the results of preliminary analyses of the DHV estimates based on the maximum hourly volume derived from a few hours traffic measurement on weekdays where there is the greatest share of hours with the highest traffic volume in the year were presented. On the basis of comparisons of the presented methods, Multiple Regression Model was identified as the most useful.
Źródło:
Archives of Transport; 2015, 33, 1; 81-91
0866-9546
2300-8830
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Transport
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
An analysis of influential factors associated with rural crashes in a developing country: a case study of Iran
Autorzy:
Sheykhfard, Abbas
Haghighi, Farshidreza
Abbasalipoor, Reza
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2173931.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
rural roads
severity of crashes
crashes
injury-fatal crashes
logit model
crash data collected
drogi wiejskie
ciężkość wypadków
awarie
wypadki śmiertelne
model logiczny
Opis:
Road traffic deaths continue to rise, reaching 1.35 million in recent years. Road traffic injuries are the eighth leading cause of death for people of all ages. Note that there is a wide difference in the crash rate between developed and developing countries and that developed countries report much lower crash rates than developing and underdeveloped countries. World Health Organization reports that over 80% of fatal road crashes occur in developing countries, while developed countries account for about 7% of the total. The rate of road crashes in developing countries is higher than the global average, despite some measures reducing deaths over the last decade. Numerous studies have been carried out on the safety of urban roads. However, comprehensive research evaluating influential factors associated with rural crashes in developing countries is still neglected. Therefore, it is crucial to understand how factors influence the severity of rural road crashes. In the present study, rural roads in Mazandaran province were considered a case study. The Crash data collected from the Iranian Legal Medicine Organization covers 2018 to 2021, including 2047 rural crashes. Dependent variables were classified as damage crashes and injury-fatal crashes. Besides, independent variables such as driver specifications, crash specifications, environment specifications, traffic specifications, and geometrical road specifications were considered parameters. The logit model data indicate that factors associated with driver and crash specifications influence rural crashes. The type of crashes is the most critical factor influencing the severity of crashes, on which the fatal rate depends. The findings suggested that implementing solutions that minimize the effect of the factors associated with injury and death on rural roads can reduce the severity of crashes on rural roads that share the same safety issues as the case study. Further studies can also be conducted on the safety and mechanics of the vehicle by focusing the research on the types of vehicles and the sources of the damage.
Źródło:
Archives of Transport; 2022, 63, 3; 53--65
0866-9546
2300-8830
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Transport
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Principles of the toll roads pricing
Autorzy:
Jaworski, P.
Liberadzki, K.
Liberadzki, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/224057.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
transportation
PPPs projects
Public-private partnerships
toll roads
Engel curves
Tőrnquist function
transport
projekt PPP
partnerstwa publiczno-prywatnego
drogi płatne
krzywe Engla
funkcja Tőrnquist
Opis:
In this paper the authors refer to the method of commercial provision of road infrastructure called BOT (build-operate-transfer) under Public-private partnerships (PPPs) scheme. First we present the investment criteria for transportation PPP projects as well as application of price theory. Then we recognize that the different participants in PPP projects have distinct goals and requirements that must be met in order for them to be able to participate in an effective partnership. The main challenge for the toll road pricing is to determine the economically viable toll rate that takes into consideration the diverse and sometimes conflicting interests of different stakeholders involved in the project. The main objective is to review the theory of economic principles for optimal toll roads pricing and to review the existing approaches to transportation projects appraisal. Then the authors show how to formally derive the condition for toll rate that meets 2 criteria: 1) is socially optimal and 2) covers operator’s costs. For this purpose we use II type Tőrnquist function, a member of an Engel family of functions. This function models the relationship between income and consumption of inferior and normal goods. Tőrnquist function is a mathematical representation of the well-known Engel curves. These curves record the relationship between the quantity of goods purchased and total income. They are not necessarily straight lines. The demand for some “luxury” goods may increase proportionally more rapidly than income, whereas the demand for “necessities” may grow proportionally less rapidly than income. The precise shape will depend on the individual’s preferences for goods as reflected in the indifference curve map. We deem the highway trip to be a “second necessity good”. There is number of economists who apply the Tőrnquist function for microeconomic analysis. The extremely simple form of the Tőrnquist function allows to get the solution in a closed form.
Źródło:
Archives of Transport; 2018, 45, 1; 53-62
0866-9546
2300-8830
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Transport
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
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