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Tytuł:
Inwentaryzacjia widoków w implementacji idei wioku zapożyczonego w projektowaniu architektoniczno-krajobrazowym
View surveying in the implementation of the concept of the borrowed view in architectural and landscape design
Autorzy:
Zieliński, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/131877.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
analiza widokowa
inwentaryzacja widokowa
projektowanie architektoniczno-krajobrazowe
widok zapożyczony
visual analysis
visual survey
architectural and landscape design
borrowed view
Opis:
Praca prezentuje metodę inwentaryzacji widokowej i jej wykorzystanie we współczesnym wcieleniu znanej od wieków w kulturze dalekiego wschodu, a chętnie stosowanej na przestrzeni lat i epok stylowych idei widoku zapożyczonego (zapożyczonej scenerii).
The work presents a method of visual surveying and its use in the contemporary iteration of the concept of the borrowed view that has been known for centuries in the culture of the Far East and has been often used over the years and stylistic periods.
Źródło:
Teka Komisji Urbanistyki i Architektury Oddział PAN w Krakowie; 2018, 46; 469-479
0079-3450
2450-0038
Pojawia się w:
Teka Komisji Urbanistyki i Architektury Oddział PAN w Krakowie
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Nowe uwarunkowania – wielki zakręt oraz dalsze widoki
New conditions - the great turn and further prospects
Autorzy:
Kosiński, W.
Zieliński, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/131725.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
architektura
architektura krajobrazu
nowe uwarunkowania
Teka
urbanistyka
architecture
landscape architecture
new conditions
urban planning
Opis:
Artykuł naświetla obecną sytuację czasopisma w kontekście przemian na niwie polskiej nauki, a konkretnie sposobu jej organizacji. Teka Komisji Urbanistyki i Architektury krakowskiego oddziału PAN to naukowy periodyk liczący już pięćdziesiąt lat i cieszący się uznaniem polskiego środowiska badaczy z dziedzin architektury, urbanistyki oraz im pokrewnych. Ostatnie wydarzenia szczególnie reforma szkolnictwa wyższego determinują poważne zmiany. Adaptowanie się czasopisma do nowych uwarunkowań stwarza polskim uczonym nowe szanse. W pracy zwięźle zarysowano także główne tematy będące przedmiotem dociekań autorów a zarazem stanowiące treść niniejszego tomu.
The article discusses the current situation of the periodical in the context of changes in Polish science - the manner of its organisation, to be precise. The Journal of the Commission of Urban Design and Architecture of the Krakow branch of the Polish Academy of Sciences is a scientific periodical that is fifty years old and enjoys the acknowledgement of the Polish community of scholars from the fields of architecture, urban planning and the disciplines related to them. The latest events, the reform of higher education in particular, have introduced significant changes. The journal’s adaptation to new conditions leads to new opportunities for Polish scholars. The work also concisely outlines the main themes that are the subject of discussions by authors and that constitute the content of this volume.
Źródło:
Teka Komisji Urbanistyki i Architektury Oddział PAN w Krakowie; 2018, 46; VII-XVI
0079-3450
2450-0038
Pojawia się w:
Teka Komisji Urbanistyki i Architektury Oddział PAN w Krakowie
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Effect of the application of advanced oxidation technology on the effectiveness of anaerobic treatment of wastewaters with a high concentration of formaldehyde
Zastosowanie zaawansowanej technologii utleniania na skuteczność beztlenowego rozkładu ścieków o wysokim stężeniu formaldehydu
Autorzy:
Zieliński, M.
Dębowski, M.
Dudek, M.
Grala, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/204594.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
formaldehyde
anaerobic treatment
oxidation
formaldehyd
oczyszczanie ścieków
beztlenowe oczyszczanie ścieków
utlenianie
Opis:
The objective of this study was to determine the effect of advanced oxidation process with the use of Fenton’s reaction on the effectiveness of anaerobic treatment of wastewaters originating from the wood industry that were characterized by a high concentration of formaldehyde. Experiments were established to analyze changes in COD content and in the concentration of formaldehyde in treated wastewaters, additional analyses were carried out to assay quantitative and qualitative changes in the biogas produced. The first stage of the experiment involved analyses of the effectiveness of the tested wastewaters treatment only in the process of methane fermentation. At the second stage of the experiment, the biological process was preceded by chemical pre-treatment of wastewaters with Fenton’s reagent. The conducted study proved that the investigated variants of chemical pre-treatment of wastewaters had a significant effect on increasing the total biogas production. In contrast, no significant effect of the applied technology was demonstrated on changes in the concentration of the analyzed contaminants in the treated wastewaters.
Celem prowadzonych badań było określenie wpływu procesu pogłębionego utleniania z zastosowaniem reakcji Fentona na efektywność beztlenowego oczyszczania ścieków pochodzących z przemysłu drzewnego, które charakteryzowały się wysoką koncentracją formaldehydu. W eksperymentach analizowano zmiany wartości ChZT oraz koncentracji formaldehydu w ściekach oczyszczonych, badano również zmiany ilości i składu jakościowego powstającego biogazu. W pierwszym etapie doświadczenia analizowano efektywność oczyszczania testowanych ścieków jedynie w procesie fermentacji metanowej. W drugiej części eksperymentu proces biologiczny poprzedzono wstępnym oczyszczaniem chemicznym z zastosowaniem odczynnika Fentona. Przeprowadzone badania udowodniły, iż testowane warianty wstępnej chemicznej obróbki ścieków wpłynęły istotnie na zwiększenie całkowitej ilości produkowanego biogazu. Nie stwierdzono natomiast znaczącego wpływu zastosowanej technologii na zmiany koncentracji analizowanych wskaźników zanieczyszczeń w ściekach oczyszczonych.
Źródło:
Archives of Environmental Protection; 2013, 39, 4; 81-91
2083-4772
2083-4810
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Environmental Protection
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Quantization error in time-to-digital converters
Autorzy:
Zaworski, Ł.
Chaberski, D.
Kowalski, M.
Zieliński, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/221677.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
time interval measurement
time-to-digital converter
quantization error
averaging
Opis:
Methods of time interval measurement can be divided into asynchronous and synchronous approaches. It is well known that in asynchronous methods of time-interval measurement, uncertainty can be reduced by using statistical averaging. The motivation of this paper is an investigation of averaging in time interval measurements, especially in a synchronous measurement. In this article, authors are considering the method of averaging to reduce the influence of quantization error on measurement uncertainty in synchronous time-interval measurement systems, when dispersion of results, caused by noise is present. A mathematical model of averaging, which is followed by the results of numerical simulations of averaging of measurement series is presented. The analysis of results leads to the conclusion that in particular conditions the influence of the quantization error on measurement uncertainty can be minimized by statistical averaging, similar to asynchronous measurements.
Źródło:
Metrology and Measurement Systems; 2012, 19, 1; 115-122
0860-8229
Pojawia się w:
Metrology and Measurement Systems
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Efficiency of the Methane Fermentation Process of Macroalgae Biomass Originating from Puck Bay
Wydajność procesu fermentacji metanowej biomasy makroglonów pochodzących z Zatoki Puckiej
Autorzy:
Dębowski, M.
Grala, A.
Zieliński, M.
Dudek, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/204899.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
biomasa glonów
fermentacja beztlenowa
eutrofizacja
Zatoka Pucka
algal biomass
anaerobic digestion
eutrophication
Puck Bay
Opis:
The aim of the conducted research was to determine the possibilities of using the biomass of macroalgae obtained from Puck Bay during May-September season in biogas production process. Model respirometry chambers were used to determine the amount of produced biogas and examine its quality composition. Depending on the month in which the algal biomass was obtained, the experiments were divided into five stages. In each stage, the effectiveness of the biogas production process was tested for the applied loads in model fermentation chambers in the range from 1.0 kg DOM/m3 ź d to 3.0 kg DOM/m3 ź d. During the experiments it was found that the efficiency of biogas production varied from 205 dm3/kg DOM to 407 dm3/kg DOM depending on the month of the vegetation season and the applied organic matter load in the chamber. Methane content was very high and ranged from 63% to 74%.
Celem prowadzonych badań było określenie możliwości wykorzystania biomasy makroglonów pozyskiwanych z Zatoki Puckiej w okresie od maja do września w procesie wytwarzania biogazu. Do określenia ilości wytwarzanego biogazu oraz zbadania jego składu jakościowego wykorzystano modelowe komory respirometryczne. W zależności od miesiąca, w którym pozyskiwano biomasę glonową eksperymenty podzielono na pięć etapów. W każdym z etapów testowano efektywność procesu biogazowania w zakresie stosowanych obciążeń modelowych komór fermentacyjnych w zakresie od 1,0 kg s.m.o/m3 ź d do 3,0 kg s.m.o./m3 ź d. W trakcie eksperymentów stwierdzono, iż wydajność wytwarzania biogazu kształtowała się w zakresie od 205 dm3/kg s.m.o. do 407 dm3/kg s.m.o. w zależności od miesiąca okresu wegetacyjnego oraz stosowanego obciążenia komory ładunkiem substancji organicznej. Zawartość metanu była bardzo wysoka i mieściła się w granicach od 63% do 74%.
Źródło:
Archives of Environmental Protection; 2012, 38, 4; 99-107
2083-4772
2083-4810
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Environmental Protection
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Comparison of Interpolators Used for Time-Interval Measurement Systems Based on Multiple-Tapped Delay Line
Autorzy:
Chaberski, D.
Frankowski, R.
Gurski, M.
Zieliński, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/221043.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
time interval
multiple-tapped delay line
quantization-and-nonlinearity minimization
FPGA
time-to-digital converter
Opis:
The paper describes the construction, operation and test results of three most popular interpolators from a viewpoint of time-interval (TI) measurement systems consisting of many tapped-delay lines (TDLs) and registering pulses of a wide-range changeable intensity. The comparison criteria include the maximum intensity of registered time stamps (TSs), the dependency of interpolator characteristic on the registered TSs’ intensity, the need of using either two counters or a mutually-complementing pair counter-register for extending a measurement range, the need of calculating offsets between TDL inputs and the dependency of a resolution increase on the number of used TDL segments. This work also contains conclusions about a range of applications, usefulness and methods of employing each described TI interpolator. The presented experimental results bring new facts that can be used by the designers who implement precise time delays in the field-programmable gate arrays (FPGA).
Źródło:
Metrology and Measurement Systems; 2017, 24, 2; 401-412
0860-8229
Pojawia się w:
Metrology and Measurement Systems
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
A High-Speed Fully Digital Phase-Synchronizer Implemented in a Field Programmable Gate Array Device
Autorzy:
Frankowski, R.
Chaberski, D.
Kowalski, M.
Zieliński, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/221125.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
phase synchronizer
delay line
coincidence counting
quantum information
time interval measurement
time-to-digital converters
field programmable gate array (FPGA)
Opis:
Most systems used in quantum physics experiments require the efficient and simultaneous recording different multi-photon coincidence detection events. In such experiments, the single-photon gated counting systems can be applicable. The main sources of errors in these systems are both instability of the clock source and their imperfect synchronization with the excitation source. Below, we propose a solution for improvement of the metrological parameters of such measuring systems. Thus, we designed a novel integrated circuit dedicated to registration of signals from a photon number resolving detectors including a phase synchronizer module. This paper presents the architecture of a high-resolution (~60 ps) digital phase synchronizer module cooperating with a multi-channel coincidence counter. The main characteristic feature of the presented system is its ability to fast synchronization (requiring only one clock period) with the measuring process. Therefore, it is designed to work with various excitation sources of a very wide frequency range. Implementation of the phase synchronizer module in an FPGA device enabled to reduce the synchronization error value from 2.857 ns to 214.8 ps.
Źródło:
Metrology and Measurement Systems; 2017, 24, 3; 537-550
0860-8229
Pojawia się w:
Metrology and Measurement Systems
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Ultrasonic flow measurement with high resolution
Autorzy:
Grzelak, S.
Czoków, J.
Kowalski, M.
Zieliński, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/221448.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
ultrasonic flowmeter
time-to-digital converter
programmable logic device
time measurement
Opis:
The ultrasonic flowmeter which is described in this paper, measures the transit of time of an ultrasonic pulse. This device consists of two ultrasonic transducers and a high resolution time interval measurement module. An ultrasonic transducer emits a characteristic wave packet (transmit mode). When the transducer is in receive mode, a characteristic wave packet is formed and it is connected to the time interval measurement module inputs. The time interval measurement module allows registration of transit time differences of a few pulses in the packet. In practice, during a single measuring cycle a few time-stamps are registered. Moreover, the measurement process is also synchronous and, by applying the statistics, the time interval measurement uncertainty improves even in a single measurement. In this article, besides a detailed discussion on the principle of operation of the ultrasonic flowmeter implemented in the FPGA structure, also the test results are presented and discussed.
Źródło:
Metrology and Measurement Systems; 2014, 21, 2; 305-316
0860-8229
Pojawia się w:
Metrology and Measurement Systems
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
High resolution time-interval measurement systems applied to flow measurement
Autorzy:
Grzelak, S.
Kowalski, M.
Czoków, J.
Zieliński, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/221586.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
FPGA
time-to-digital converter
multi-segment delay line
carry chain
Opis:
The designing process of high resolution time interval measurement systems creates many problems that need to be eliminated. The problems are: the latch error, the nonlinearity conversion, the different duty cycle coefficient of the clock signal, and the clock signal jitter. Factors listed above affect the result of measurement. The FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array) structure also imposes some restrictions, especially when a tapped delay line is constructed. The article describes the high resolution time-to-digital converter, implemented in a FPGA structure, and the types of errors that appear there. The method of minimization and processing of data to reduce the influence of errors on the measurement is also described.
Źródło:
Metrology and Measurement Systems; 2014, 21, 1; 77-84
0860-8229
Pojawia się w:
Metrology and Measurement Systems
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Studies of possible use of oleic imidazoline as modifying agent for hard bitumen
Autorzy:
Zieliński, K.
Babiak, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/231020.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
bitum twardy
modyfikacja
badanie starzeniowe
imidazolina oleinowa
hard bitumen
modification
ageing test
oleic imidazoline
Opis:
Hard bitumens are used in the construction industry primarily in it’s unmodified form, for instance for the production of the so-called traditional roofing felt. Due to the low price of these types of membranes, the use of a popular but expensive modifying agent, SBS copolymer, is not justified economically. Research carried out by the authors has shown that chemical organic compounds belonging to a group of imidazolines may potentially be used as much cheaper bitumen modifier. It was demonstrated that a new type of modifier based on oleic imidazoline, developed by the authors, has a significant impact on improving the physical properties of bitumen. The use of this modifier results in a significant increase in the bitumen plasticity range, both before and after laboratory ageing. In addition, there was a considerable increase of bitumen’s resistance to aging. Its use can help improve the quality and durability of popular waterproofing products manufactured with the use of hard bitumen.
Źródło:
Archives of Civil Engineering; 2015, 61, 1; 119-130
1230-2945
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Civil Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Control system architecture for the investigation of motion control algorithms on an example of the mobile platform Rex
Autorzy:
Janiak, M.
Zieliński, C.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/202080.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
mobile robot control
robot control architecture
robot control system specification
platforma mobilna Rex
robot
system kontroli
Opis:
This paper presets the specification and implementation of the control system of the mobile platform Rex. The presented system structure and the description of its functioning result from the application of a formal method of designing such systems. This formalism is based on the concept of an embodied agent. The behaviours of its subsystems are specified in terms of transition functions that compute, out of the variables contained in the internal memory and the input buffers, the values that are inserted into the output buffers and the internal memory. The transition functions are the parameters of elementary actions, which in turn are used in behaviour patterns which are the building blocks of the subsystems of the designed control system. Rex is a skid steering platform, with four independently actuated wheels. It is represented by a single agent that implements the locomotion functionality. The agent consists of a control subsystem, a virtual effector and a virtual receptor. Each of those subsystems is discussed in details. Both the data structures and the transition functions defining their behaviours are described. The locomotion agent is a part of the control system of the autonomous exploration and rescue robot developed within the RobREx project.
Źródło:
Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences. Technical Sciences; 2015, 63, 3; 667-678
0239-7528
Pojawia się w:
Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences. Technical Sciences
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Genetic variability in selected Polish population of Dreissena polymorpha [Pallas] [Bivalvia; Dreissenidae]
Autorzy:
Zielinski, R
Soroka, M
Wachowiak-Zielinska, M
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2047704.pdf
Data publikacji:
1996
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
genetic variability
Polska
Bivalvia
Dreissena polymorpha
enzyme polymorphism
population
Dreissenidae
Opis:
Genetic variability of a selected population of Dreissena polymorpha, an invasive species playing a significant role in aquatic ecosystems, was studied. Starch gel electrophoresis was used to analyse 8 enzymatic loci in 200 individuals collected from 20 sites in a lake. The population was found to have 75.0% of polymorphic loci, 2.8 alleles per locus, 3.5 alleles per polymorphic locus, 0.393 coefficient of expected heterozygosity, and 149 genotypes. Zebra mussel clumps were strongly polymorphic; almost every individual had a different genotype. The high polymorphism observed in the D. polymorpha clumps had most likely resulted from external cross-fertilisation and the presence of free-swimming veliger larvae as well as from a considerable heterozygosity of individual bivalves. Genetic variability of the population studied was found to be similar to that of populations inhabiting other Western Pomeranian lakes, including both highly polluted ones and those formed as recently as about 40 years ago. This provides evidence for a mass colonisation of freshwater reservoirs effected by very polymorphic parent populations of D. polymorpha. The literature data on North American zebra mussel populations which invaded that continent about 10 years ago show them to be polymorphic, too, but not as much as European ones.
Źródło:
Journal of Applied Genetics; 1996, 37, 1; 105-120
1234-1983
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Applied Genetics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
EtCO2 -Based Biofeedback Method of Breath Regulation Increases Speech Fluency of Stuttering People
Autorzy:
Stankiewicz, B.
Zieliński, K.
Darowski, M.
Michnikowski, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/176680.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
stuttering therapy
respiratory disturbances
end-tidal CO2
acoustic signal of an utterance
visual feedback
Opis:
Respiratory disturbances frequently accompany stuttering. Their influence on lung ventilation can be assessed by measurement of the end-tidal CO2 concentration (EtCO2). The effectiveness of the CO2-based visual feedback method of breath regulation (VF) designed for stuttering therapy was tested in this study. The aim of the study was to answer the question if the VF helps to reduce respiratory disturbances in stuttering and increase speech fluency. 20 stuttering volunteers aged 13–45 years took part in the 3-parts test consisting of: 1. speaking without any techniques improving speech fluency, 2. learning the VF method, 3. VF-assisted speaking. The CO2/time signal and an acoustic signal of an utterance were recorded during the test. Significant increase of FE – the factor of breath ergonomics during speaking (based on both signals), from 47% to 71% (P < 0.01), and significant decrease of %SS – the percent of syllables stuttered, from 14% to 10% (P < 0.01) were received for VF-assisted utterances compared to the utterances without VF assistance. The results indicate that the VF can help to eliminate respiratory disturbances in stuttering and increase speech fluency.
Źródło:
Archives of Acoustics; 2015, 40, 4; 469--474
0137-5075
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Acoustics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The service life of the repair welded joint of Cr-Mo / Cr-Mo-Y
Autorzy:
Sroka, M.
Zieliński, A.
Mikuła, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/355828.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
creep
welded joint
Cr-Mo
Cr-M-V steel
residual life
Opis:
The service life of the repair welded joint of Cr-Mo / Cr-Mo-Y This paper presents the evaluation of the service life of dissimilar repair welded joint from Cr-Mo/Cr-Mo-V steel after 200,000 h service under creep condition. The investigations of microstructure using scanning electron microscopy, investigations of mechanical properties at room and elevated temperature as well as creep tests of the basic material from Cr-Mo and Cr-Mo-V steel and welded joint from these steels were carried out. The investigations allowed the tune of further safe operation of the repair welded joint in relation to the residual life of the materials to be determined. The evaluation of residual life and disposable residual life, and thus the estimation or determination of possible time of further safe operation, is crucial when the elements are operated much beyond the design work time.
Źródło:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials; 2016, 61, 3; 1315-1320
1733-3490
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Forecasting the distribution of precipitate diameters in the presence of changes in the structure of the material
Autorzy:
Zieliński, A.
Miczka, M.
Golański, G.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/356680.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
microstructure
precipitates
statistics
forecasting
ageing
Opis:
The results of investigations on the microstructure of T23 and T24 low-alloy steels as well as P91 and P92 high-chromium steels in the as-received condition and after 70.000 h annealing at 550-650°C are presented. The quantitative analysis of the existing precipitates was performed for representative images of microstructure. The statistical analysis of collected data allowed the parameters of a selected theoretical statistical distribution to be estimated. A forecast of average precipitate diameter and standard deviation of such a distribution for the time of 100,000 hours at 550 and 600°C for T23 and T24 steels and at 600 and 650°C for P91 and P92 steels was calculated. The obtained results of investigations have made it possible to compare changes in the microstructure of various steel grades due to long-term impact of elevated temperature. They have also confirmed the possibility of using, in evaluating the degradation degree of materials in use, the forecasting methods that derive from mathematical statistics, in particular the theory of stochastic processes and forecast by analogy methods. The presented approach allows the development of a forecast of precipitate diameter probability density under the microstructure instability conditions for selected steel grades. The assessment of material condition that takes into consideration, but is not limited to, the precipitate diameter measurement is useful as an assessment component in estimating the time of safe service of power unit elements working under creep conditions.
Źródło:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials; 2017, 62, 1; 273-280
1733-3490
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Wyświetlanie 1-15 z 32

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