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Tytuł:
Wavelet-based Entropy Measure for Rate-Distortion Optimization in Image Coding
Autorzy:
Garcia-Alvarez, J.
Führ, H.
Castellanos-Dominguez, G.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/226142.pdf
Data publikacji:
2010
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
entropy
wavelet transform
information measure
rate distortion
Opis:
A novel method for calculation of the entropy measure in wavelet space is proposed. This perceived-based entropy measure uses a Second Order Model entropy estimator, in which the occurrence of neighbors is considered in formulation. It has the intention to allow the implementation of a more suitable measure in coding processes and a relationship between the metric and the description of perceptual features. This method is used for the Rate-Distortion optimization in order to improve the bit-allocation coding algorithm, demonstrating that the wavelet-based entropy estimates a truncation step close to the target rate. The hypothesis is founded in the effect of distortion on the coefficient allocation. Because entropy measure is a close approximation of the conditional probability of image in multiresolution space, it provides an adequate representation for the information of a Detail feature. A definition of Detail-based homogeneity variance criteria is used for the information quantity - wavelet representation space, in order to find the image that fits a given Quality Level criteria. Experimental results are obtained for artificial and natural databases.
Źródło:
International Journal of Electronics and Telecommunications; 2010, 56, 1; 25-31
2300-1933
Pojawia się w:
International Journal of Electronics and Telecommunications
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Symbolic integration with respect to the Haar measure on the unitary groups
Autorzy:
Puchała, Z.
Miszczak, J. A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/200907.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
unitary group
Haar measure
circular unitary ensemble
symbolic integration
macierze unitarne
Miara Haara
integracja symboliczna
Opis:
We present IntU package for Mathematica computer algebra system. The presented package performs a symbolic integration of polynomial functions over the unitary group with respect to unique normalized Haar measure. We describe a number of special cases which can be used to optimize the calculation speed for some classes of integrals. We also provide some examples of usage of the presented package.
Źródło:
Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences. Technical Sciences; 2017, 65, 1; 21-27
0239-7528
Pojawia się w:
Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences. Technical Sciences
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Definition and Measure of the Sound Quality of the Machine
Autorzy:
Pleban, D.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/176874.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
sound quality
machine
noise
Opis:
The analysis of available literature indicates that tests of products sound quality, which would not involve participation of groups of listeners supposed to evaluate the sounds emitted by these products, are neither carried out in Poland, nor in the world. That results in the fact that the products sound quality is determined on the basis of psychoacoustic information and comprises both objective and subjective factors of sound perception. With reference to those factors and to different life cycles of the machine, an original definition of the “sound quality of the machine” has been developed and presented in this article. The global index of the acoustic quality of the machine, accounting for the relations between the noise level at the workstation and the selected parameters characterising both the machine’s sound activity and the working environment, was adopted as the measure of the sound quality of the machine. The experiments that followed confirmed the appropriateness of the assessment made with the use of the global index of acoustic quality.
Źródło:
Archives of Acoustics; 2014, 39, 1; 17-23
0137-5075
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Acoustics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Measurement of work engagement with single-item measure
Autorzy:
Kulikowski, Konrad
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2129203.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
measurement
work engagement
the UWES
single-item
Opis:
In recent years, the construct of work engagement as well as methods for its measurement have generated growing interest in the field of occupational psychology. In this study, we aim to contribute to the current work engagement literature by investigating the possible advantages of single-item measures of work engagement by analysing their psychometric feasibility. Testing the validity of a single-item measure tool within the framework of the Job Demands-Resources theory, we have found similar pattern of correlations of single-item measures of work engagement with exhaustion, disengagement, job resources and job demands as for the well-established multi-item measure the Utrecht Work Engagement Scale. The reliability of single-item measures tested with factor analysis and the attenuation formula was estimated to be in the range of between .60 and .70, the figure depending on the particulars of the estimation methods. Our findings provide an initial modicum of evidence that, if a research purpose requires it, or if the use of a multi-item measurement tool is overly restrictive or costly, then a single-item measure of work engagement could be effectively adopted.
Źródło:
Polish Psychological Bulletin; 2018, 49, 4; 406-415
0079-2993
Pojawia się w:
Polish Psychological Bulletin
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
CULTRAIN – CULTURAL ORIENTATION TRAININGS AN INTEGRATION MEASURE IN AUSTRIA TACKLING ADAPTION PROBLEMS OF YOUNG REFUGEES
Autorzy:
Benedetter, Katharina
Dobner, Marianne
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/580353.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Opis:
The aim of this article is to illustrate the project CulTrain - Cultural Orientation Trainings for (former) Unaccompanied Minor Refugees (UAMs) and to offer insights in its development and implementation as well as its contents and methodologies. The contextual frame is laid in a discussion of the term Unaccompanied Minor Refugee, followed by a description of the general situation of (former) UAMs and their integration challenges in Austria. Unaccompanied Minor Refugees constitute an ever growing part among asylum applicants in Austria and are also a highly vulnerable group, thus deserve special attention and care. IOM conducted several studies in the field of (former) UAMs and detected a knowledge gap in terms of unfamiliar living habits of the country of destination, in this case Austria. These gaps result in integration obstacles. Inspired by those findings and due to broad organizational competences in providing knowledge during Cultural Orientation Trainings in the frame of resettlement programs, the International Organization for Migration (IOM) developed the project CulTrain – Cultural Orientation Trainings in Austria tackling the difficulties of young refugees in the integration process. Finally, the article discusses challenges and lessons learned, such as how to approach the target group, identifies appropriate methods of providing knowledge or various ways of creating a place of security and mutual trust and concludes with a cautious outlook for the project CulTrain.
Źródło:
Studia Migracyjne - Przegląd Polonijny; 2014, 40, 3(153); 361-374
2081-4488
2544-4972
Pojawia się w:
Studia Migracyjne - Przegląd Polonijny
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Development and implementation of technology to measure truck crossing time at international land ports of entry
Autorzy:
Villa, J. C.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/223537.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
cross border transportation
truck transport
international freight transportation
logistics
crossing time
technology to measure time
transport graniczny
transport ciężarowy
transport międzynarodowy
przewóz ładunków
logistyka przewozów
czas przeprawy
pomiar czasu
Opis:
Public and private stakeholders that operate land border crossings are increasingly concerned about long wait times for trucks crossing from Mexico into the United States. Long wait times are detrimental to the regional competiveness, supply chain operations, the environment in the region adjacent to the border crossings, and to the overall economic development. In order to have reliable and systematic information on border crossing time and delay, a system to measure travel time through the border is required. This paper describes the basic border crossing operations at the Texas/Mexico border that serves as the foundation to identify a technology that could be used to collect border crossing information. The design and deployment processes that were used for the implementation of the border crossing time measurement system for U.S.-bound commercial vehicles are described. The paper also presents the results of the system that was developed to disseminate border crossing and wait time data. Benefits to supply chain operators at land border crossings and next steps in the development of more border-related performance measures are described.
Źródło:
Archives of Transport; 2015, 34, 2; 75-86
0866-9546
2300-8830
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Transport
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Using conditional averaging of delayed signals to measure phase shift angle
Autorzy:
Kowalczyk, Adam
Szlachta, Anna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2173906.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
conditional averaging
delayed signal
mean value
Opis:
A novel measurement method and a brief discussion of basic characteristics of measuring the phase shift angle between two sinusoidal signals of the same frequency are presented in this paper. It contains a mathematical model for using conditional averaging of a delayed signal interfered with noise to measure the phase shift angle. It also provides characteristics of conditional mean values and discusses the effect of random interferences on the accuracy of the phase shift measurement. The way to determine the variance of the conditional mean value, together with the assessment of standard and expanded uncertainty, are described. The uncertainty characteristic shows the complementary properties of the discussed angle measurement principle for small absolute values || (minimum for = 0) relative to the correlation principle, where the minimum measurement uncertainty is present for = /2
Źródło:
Metrology and Measurement Systems; 2022, 29, 4; 655--667
0860-8229
Pojawia się w:
Metrology and Measurement Systems
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Structure and Level of Religiosity Test
Autorzy:
Rydz, Elżbieta
Walesa, Czesław
Tatala, Małgorzata
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2128654.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
development of religiosity
measure of structure and level of religiosity
Opis:
The aim of the article is to present a new measure of structure and level of religiosity. The cognitive-developmental concept of integral development of religiosity by Czesław Walesa, which distinguishes eight parameters of religiosity: religious awareness, religious feelings, religious decisions, bond with the fellowship of believers, religious practices, religious morality, religious experience and forms of profession of faith served as the theoretical bases for the test. The measure was constructed to fit the specificity of the people of the Christian profession. The preliminary reliability and validity indicators were calculated on 126 participants. Construct validity was established with Centrality of Religiosity Scale (C-15), Scale of Religious Identity, Deconversion Scale for Adolescents. The psychometric indicators were satisfactory, which shows that the test can be used to measure structure and level of style of religiosity.
Źródło:
Polish Psychological Bulletin; 2017, 1; 20-27
0079-2993
Pojawia się w:
Polish Psychological Bulletin
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
A tool to measure maturity of an employee suggestion scheme
Autorzy:
Lasrado, F.
Gomišček, B.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/407046.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
quality management
measurement
model
system
Employee Suggestion Scheme
innovation
Opis:
Employee Suggestion Schemes have been used in organizations for a long time due to the fact that they enable fostering of creative ability of employees. However, they must be used effectively and in a sustainable manner to better the creativity and innovation capacity of organizations in order to improve competitive advantage. Therefore there is a need to understand the maturity of Employee Suggestion Schemes. This paper proposes a new, structured evaluation tool for assessing an organizational Employee Suggestion Scheme maturity. It suggests five building blocks: Leadership and Work Environment, System Capability, System Effectiveness, Organizational Encouragement and System Barriers, each of them characterized by several relevant indicators and an assessment/grading scale in order for an organization to be able to determine the maturity level of their Employee Suggestion Scheme as: Initial stage, Development stage or Advanced stage. Organizations should apply this tool to assess the maturity level of their Employee Suggestion Scheme and draw a roadmap for its improvements.
Źródło:
Management and Production Engineering Review; 2015, 6, 2; 4-13
2080-8208
2082-1344
Pojawia się w:
Management and Production Engineering Review
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Similarity analysis of dynamic temperature measurements
Autorzy:
Cui, Zhiwen
Li, Wenjun
Yu, Sisi
Jin, Minjun
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2106420.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
dynamic temperature
temperature time series
similarity measure
distance measurement
Opis:
Different temperature sensors show different measurement values when excited by the same dynamic temperature source. Therefore, a method is needed to determine the difference between dynamic temperature measurements. This paper proposes a novelty approach to treating dynamic temperature measurements over a period of time as a temperature time series, and derives the formula for the distance between the measurement values using uniform sampling within the time series analysis. The similarity is defined in terms of distance to measure the difference. The distance measures were studied on the analog measurement datasets. The results show that the discrete Fréchet distance has stronger robustness and higher sensitivity. The two methods have also been applied to an experimental dataset. The experimental results also confirm that the discrete Fréchet distance performs better.
Źródło:
Metrology and Measurement Systems; 2022, 29, 2; 283--300
0860-8229
Pojawia się w:
Metrology and Measurement Systems
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Divergent Priors and Well Behaved Bayes Factors
Autorzy:
Strachan, Rodney W.
van Dijk, Herman K.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/483279.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
improper prior
Bayes factor
marginal likelihood
shrinkage prior
measure
Opis:
Bartlett’s paradox has been taken to imply that using improper priors results in Bayes factors that are not well defined, preventing model comparison in this case. We use well understood principles underlying what is already common practice, to demonstrate that this implication is not true for some improper priors, such as the Shrinkage prior due to Stein (1956). While this result would appear to expand the class of priors that may be used for computing posterior odds, we warn against the straightforward use of these priors. Highlighting the role of the prior measure in the behaviour of Bayes factors, we demonstrate pathologies in the prior measures for these improper priors. Using this discussion, we then propose a method of employing such priors by setting rules on the rate of diffusion of prior certainty.
Źródło:
Central European Journal of Economic Modelling and Econometrics; 2014, 1; 1-31
2080-0886
2080-119X
Pojawia się w:
Central European Journal of Economic Modelling and Econometrics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Physiological and self-report measures in emotion studies: Methodological considerations
Autorzy:
Korpal, Paweł
Jankowiak, Katarzyna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2129211.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
galvanic skin response
self-report measure
emotional responding
methodology triangulation
Opis:
Investigating human emotions empirically is still considered to be challenging, mostly due to the questionable validity of the results obtained when employing individual types of measures. Among the most frequently used methods to study emotional reactions are self-report, autonomic, neurophysiological, and behavioral measures. Importantly, previous studies on emotional responding have rarely triangulated the aforementioned research methods. In this paper we discuss main methodological considerations related to the use of physiological and self-report measures in emotion studies, based on our previous research on the processing of emotionally-laden narratives in the native and non-native language, where we employed the SUPIN S30 questionnaire as a self-report tool, and galvanic skin response (GSR) as a physiological measure (Jankowiak & Korpal, 2018). The findings revealed a more pronounced reaction to stimuli presented in the native relative to the non-native language, which was however reflected only in GSR patterns. The lack of correlation between GSR and SUPIN scores might have resulted from a number of methodological considerations, such as social desirability bias, sensitive questions, lack of emotional self-awareness, compromised ecological validity, and laboratory anxiety, all of which are thoroughly discussed in the article.
Źródło:
Polish Psychological Bulletin; 2018, 49, 4; 475-481
0079-2993
Pojawia się w:
Polish Psychological Bulletin
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Multi-faced assessment of structural safety
Wieloaspektowa ocena bezpieczeństwa konstrukcji
Autorzy:
Woliński, Szczepan
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1852562.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
bezpieczeństwo konstrukcji
kryteria oceny jakości
miara rozmyta
structural safety
qualitative information
fuzzy measure
Opis:
Structural safety is a concept defined in various ways, usually in an imprecise and qualitative manner. The article refers to the more important concepts and methods of structural safety assessment and presents an original proposal for a multi-faced assessment of this feature. Suggested procedure allows to take into account most of the key properties determining the safety of structures, including reliability, risk, resistance and robustness, random and non-random uncertainty of state variables and assessment criteria, potential consequences of failure, and makes possible the visualization of the results. Using the concept of fuzzy numbers, fuzzy statistics and the approximate reasoning scheme it enable to take into account subjective and qualitative information about the state variables, safety criteria, computational method, the professional knowledge and intuition of the designer. The application of the proposed procedure is illustrated on the example of the safety assessment of a reinforced concrete beam designed for flexure. The proposed procedure may be useful at the stage of conceptual design of building structures, as well as for assessing the safety of existing structures.
Bezpieczeństwo, niezawodność, odporność i podatność na zniszczenie są kluczowymi i ściśle powiązanymi, ale różnymi i różnie definiowanymi pojęciami. Bezpieczeństwo jest pojęciem najbardziej ogólnym, i w przeciwieństwie do pozostałych, najtrudniejszym do opisu ilościowego. Najczęściej spotykanymi przyczynami uszkodzeń, zniszczeń i katastrof konstrukcji są błędy ludzi, oddziaływania wyjątkowe lub kombinacje niekorzystnych zdarzeń. Ilościową miarą rozważanych właściwości jest ryzyko, które łącznie z niezawodnością, odpornością lub podatnością na zniszczenie umożliwia uwzględnienie najważniejszych aspektów bezpieczeństwa konstrukcji. W przedstawionej analizie i ocenie elementów bezpieczeństwa uwzględniono zmienne o charakterze deterministycznym, losowym i rozmytym. Wartości rozmytej i probabilistyczno-rozmytej miary bezpieczeństwa oszacowano z uwzględnieniem subiektywnych i nieprecyzyjnych informacji w formie zmiennych lingwistycznych. Pojęcie bezpieczeństwa konstrukcji ma wiele aspektów odnoszących się do zagrożenia życia i zdrowia ludzi, konsekwencji i strat ekonomicznych, społecznych, środowiskowych i innych. Ponieważ wiele z nich ma jakościowy, rozmyty lub subiektywny charakter, do oceny bezpieczeństwa stosowane są głównie miary jakościowe, często opisywane za pomocą zmiennych lingwistycznych, np. przepisy prawa budowlanego i zalecenia normowe. Koncepcje z zakresu logiki rozmytej, w tym liczb i statystyk rozmytych oraz wnioskowania przybliżonego, jakościowe i subiektywne informacje dotyczące zmiennych decydujących o stanie, metodach obliczeń, wykonawstwa i eksploatacji konstrukcji oraz wiedza i intuicja osób zaangażowanych w proces inwestycyjny i utrzymanie obiektów budowlanych, mogą być uwzględnione na etapie projektowania. Do wieloaspektowej oceny i prezentacji poziomu bezpieczeństwa konstrukcji zastosowano diagramy typu Pf - N- K-IR, gdzie: Pf - prawdopodobieństwo zniszczenia, N - liczba potencjalnych ofiar, K - miara konsekwencji, IR - wskaźnik odporności poawaryjnej. Przedstawiono autorską propozycję łącznej, ilościowej oceny wpływu lingwistycznych, rozmytych i probabilistycznorozmytych zmiennych na miary bezpieczeństwa konstrukcji żelbetowych oraz określenia ich akceptowalne wartości. Na przykładzie analizy bezpieczeństwa żelbetowej belki zilustrowano proponowane procedury obliczeń i porównano wyniki oszacowań miar bezpieczeństwa odniesionych do zginania, związanych z różnymi metodami projektowania: deterministyczną, półprobabilistyczną, probabilistyczną, rozmytą, probabilistyczno-rozmytą oraz uwzględniającą ocenę rozmytą z uwzględnieniem ryzyka związanego ze zniszczeniem belki. Zastosowanie proponowanego podejścia umożliwia wieloaspektową analizę i ilościową ocenę przyjętych wartości miar bezpieczeństwa oraz wizualizację uzyskanych rezultatów.
Źródło:
Archives of Civil Engineering; 2021, 67, 2; 133-154
1230-2945
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Civil Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
A new method to measure flow in professional tasks – A FLOW-W questionnaire (FLOW at Work)
Autorzy:
Wolfigiel, Beata
Czerw, Agnieszka
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2128345.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
job satisfaction
motivation
questionnaire
engagement
flow
Opis:
The aim of the article is to present a new Polish tool for measuring the flow experience in professional tasks – a FLOW-W Questionnaire. The questionnaire was inspired by Csikszentmihalyi’s (1990) flow theory and flow in Bakker’s work (2008). On its basis a set of positions was established, on which subsequently an exploratory (study 1, N = 101) and confirmatory (study 2, N = 275) factor analysis was conducted. The analysis showed the possibility of a uni- or bifactorial solution. After checking the theoretical and empirical validity of both solutions, the unifactorial solution was adopted. The validity of the questionnaire was examined, i.a. by correlations with theoretically related variables: work engagement with the UWES questionnaire (Szabowska-Walaszczyk, Zawadzka, Wojtaś, 2011) and affect at work (Zalewska, 2002). The studies showed a significant positive correlation between flow at work and work engagement (0.84) and between flow and positive affect (0.74). The reliability of the questionnaire is very high; α = 0.96. The tool has very good psychometric properties.
Źródło:
Polish Psychological Bulletin; 2017, 2; 220-228
0079-2993
Pojawia się w:
Polish Psychological Bulletin
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Analysis and measure of novel stereo-garage driven by linear induction motor
Autorzy:
Lu, Q.
Ye, Y.
Shen, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/140630.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
FEM
linear induction motors
low frequency
stereo-garage
Opis:
The car access time is a key parameter, especially in a huge stereo-garage, where this one should be decreased as much as possible. This paper proposes a novel stereo-garage. Adopting the linear induction motors (LIMs), the system has a simple structure and rapid response capability. In the stereo-garage, several LIMs are installed below the crossbeam on a lifting platform, and several LIMs are fixed on the top of a moving frame. During the operation of LIMs, the moving frame moves forward and backward to reach the required parking place, whereas the crossbeam moves horizontally in order to take or store the vehicle rapidly. All these LIMs are the same and should be designed at a low frequency. The influences of key structure parameters and dynamic performances are investigated, based on FEM. The predicted results are validated by a prototype. Finally, the designed LIMs are successfully applied in two 8-layer stereo-garages.
Źródło:
Archives of Electrical Engineering; 2015, 64, 4; 669-678
1427-4221
2300-2506
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Electrical Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł

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