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Tytuł:
Using RANSAC for 3D point cloud segmentation
Wykorzystanie algorytmu RANSAC dla segmentacji chmur punktów 3D
Autorzy:
Luchowski, L.
Kowalski, P.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/375753.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
3D segmentation
point cloud
RANSAC
Opis:
The article presents a method for 3D point cloud segmentation. The point cloud comes from a FARO LS scanner - the device creates a dense point cloud, where 3D points are organized in the 2D table. The input data set consists of millions of 3D points - it makes widely known RANSAC algorithms unusable. We add some modifications to use RANSAC for such big data sets
Artykuł prezentuje metodę segmentacji chmury punktów 3D. Segmentacja znajduje w chmurze (kracie) punktów kwadryki. Źródłem danych są chmury punktów uzyskane przy pomocy skanera FARO LS. Skany wykonane przy wykorzystaniu tego skanera charakteryzują się zapisem punktów w tablicy (stąd określenie 'krata' punktów), przy czym jej rozmiary są znaczne - w eksperymentach wykorzystano kratę liczącą 9600x3960, co daje 38 016 000 punktów, podkreślając znaczenie czynnika złożoności pamięciowej algorytmów. Przedstawione rozwiązanie uwzględnia ten problem wywołując czasochłonny algorytm RANSAC jedynie dla wycinków analizowanej sceny, a następnie wykorzystuje uzyskane rezultaty do dalszej analizy. W artykule zaprezentowano szczegółowo algorytm RANSAC i zasady analizy wycinków skanu. Dane wejściowe dla algorytmu reprezentują scenę utworzoną przez człowieka (wnętrze pomieszczenia), co oznacza pojawianie się wielu płaszczyzn i innych prostych obiektów geometrycznych (np. wycinków walca). Prezentowane rozwiązanie pozwala na odnalezienie w scenie kwadryk, rozwiązanie takie pozwala objąć wiele kształtów tworzonych przez człowieka. W przeprowadzonych eksperymentach analizowano skan jadalni Willi Caro - dziewiętnastowiecznej willi, będącej jedną z siedzib Muzeum w Gliwicach. Wybór takiego przedmiotu eksperymentów jest powiązany z jednym z docelowych zastosowań - skanowaniem obiektów dziedzictwa kulturowego celem dokonania ich inwentaryzacji architektonicznej. Wyznaczenie kwadryk opisujących fragmenty skanu pozwala dobrać dokładność skanowania (zwiększenie dokładności dla wybranych fragmentów - detali artystycznych) w zależności od złożoności powierzchni. Ilustracje 1-3 prezentują analizowany skan, ilustracja nr 4 przedstawia punkty przypisane do kwadryk (wszystkich znalezionych przez oprogramowanie), a nr 5 zintegrowane kwadryki dla jednej ze ścian jadalni. W wyniku analizy znaleziono 299 kwadryk (o rozmiarach od 210 do 20512), które po integracji utworzyły 85 zintegrowanych powierzchni (wiele z nich to jednak pojedyncze kwadryki z pierwszego etapu przedstawiania, dla których nie znaleziono odpowiedników).
Źródło:
Theoretical and Applied Informatics; 2013, 25, 2; 105-117
1896-5334
Pojawia się w:
Theoretical and Applied Informatics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Evaluation of maximum power point tracking methods for photovoltaic systems
Autorzy:
Talha, A.
Boumaaraf, H.
Bouhali, O.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/229456.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
maximum power point tracking (PPT)
PV
P&O
incremental conductance
fuzzy logic
converter
Opis:
The output characteristics of photovoltaic (PV) arrays are nonlinear and change with the solar irradiance and the cell's temperature. Therefore, a maximum power point tracking (MPPT) technique is needed to draw peak power from the solar array to maximize the produced energy. Among the hill climbing methods, the perturb and observe (P&O) method tracks the maximum power point (MPP) by repeatedly increasing or decreasing the output voltage at the MPP of the PV module. The implementation of the method is relatively simple, but it cannot track the MPP when the irradiance varies quickly with time. In addition, itmay cause system oscillation around the peak power points due to the effect of measurement noise. The incremental conductance (IncCond) method is also often used in PV systems. This method tracks the MPPs by comparing the incremental and instantaneous conductances of the solar array. This method requires longer conversion time, and a large amount of power loss results. In addition, extra hardware circuitry is required to implement the system. In this paper, it is shown that the negative effects associated with such a drawback can be greatly reduced if the intelligent method is used to improve P&O and IncCond algorithms. The perturbation step is continuously approximated by using fuzzy logic controller (FLC). By the digital simulation, the validity of the proposed control algorithm is proved.
Źródło:
Archives of Control Sciences; 2011, 21, 2; 151-165
1230-2384
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Control Sciences
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Fuzzy Processing Implementation in Dedicated Digital Hardware
Autorzy:
Szecówka, P. M.
Musiał, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/226691.pdf
Data publikacji:
2010
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
fuzzy
hardware
floating point
VHDL
FPGA
Opis:
The paper presents a concept of digital circuit dedicated for fuzzy processing with numerical inputs and outputs. Partially concurrent and pipelined data flow provides high performance, with relatively low dependence on particular algorithm complexity. Sample design with triangular fuzzy sets, rule strength calculation (minimum approach) and defuzzyfication by weighted sum of fuzzy sets centers was implemented in VHDL, verified and synthesized for FPGA. Floating point arithmetic was applied, including dvision performed by dedicated synchronous machine. All modules were prepared for easy reuse/redesign.
Źródło:
International Journal of Electronics and Telecommunications; 2010, 56, 4; 405-410
2300-1933
Pojawia się w:
International Journal of Electronics and Telecommunications
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Novel architecture for floating point accumulator with cancelation error detection
Autorzy:
Jamro, E.
Dąbrowska-Boruch, A.
Russek, P.
Wielgosz, M.
Wiatr, K.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/201228.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
floating point arithmetic
computing error
approximate computing
arytmetyka zmiennoprzecinkowa
błąd obliczeniowy
obliczenia przybliżone
Opis:
A floating point accumulator cannot be obtained straightforwardly due to its pipeline architecture and feedback loop. Therefore, an essential part of the proposed floating point accumulator is a critical accumulation loop which is limited to an integer adder and 16-bit shifter only. The proposed accumulator detects a catastrophic cancellation which occurs e.g. when two similar numbers are subtracted. Additionally, modules with reduced hardware resources for rough error evaluation are proposed. The proposed architecture does not comply with the IEEE-754 floating point standard but it guarantees that a correct result, with an arbitrarily defined number of significant bits, is obtained. The proposed calculation philosophy focuses on the desired result error rather than on calculation precision as such.
Źródło:
Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences. Technical Sciences; 2018, 66, 5; 579-587
0239-7528
Pojawia się w:
Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences. Technical Sciences
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Explicit form of the “modified point mass trajectory model” for the use in Fire Control Systems
Autorzy:
Baranowski, L.
Majewski, P.
Szymonik, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/200333.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
ballistics
equations of motion
projectile path
modified point mass trajectory model
MPMTM
projectile deflection
Opis:
The main objective of this article is to obtain equations of motion of the spin–stabilized projectile in the presence of non–constant wind. Introducing models allowing utilization of inhomogeneous wind is dictated by new possibilities created by the use of e.g. lidars in the Fire Control Systems (FCS). Constant feed of wind data can replace meteorological messages, increasing the FCS effectiveness. Article contains results of projectile flight simulations which indicate the positive effect that the derived explicit form of the model has when considering software development for modern Fire Control Systems.
Źródło:
Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences. Technical Sciences; 2020, 68, 5; 1167-1175
0239-7528
Pojawia się w:
Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences. Technical Sciences
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Estimation of the bus delay at the stopping point on the base of traffic parameters
Autorzy:
Horbachov, P.
Naumov, V.
Kolii, O.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/223852.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
urban transport
traffic parameters
time delays
mathematical model
stopping point
transport miejski
parametry ruchu
opóźnienia czasowe
model matematyczny
punkt zatrzymania
Opis:
Contemporary methods of spatial planning of urban transport systems provide for designers enough opportunities in selecting the placement of stopping points for public transport. However in every city there exist very intense sections of the road network with a small width of the roadway. In these sections there is no opportunity to allocate special lanes for public transport. If the stop pockets on such street exist, there appear traffic conflicts when buses depart from the stopping point. Authors propose theoretical model for estimation of the bus delay at the stopping point on the base of traffic parameters. Use of the proposed model allows reducing amount of field surveys while grounding the decisions about rational variant of allocation of the bus stopping points. The paper describes some experimental results obtained with the use of the proposed model while field surveys at the most loaded streets in the central part of Kharkiv (Ukraine).
Źródło:
Archives of Transport; 2015, 35, 3; 15-25
0866-9546
2300-8830
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Transport
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Explicit “ballistic M-model”: a refinement of the implicit “modified point mass trajectory model”
Autorzy:
Baranowski, L.
Gadomski, B.
Majewski, P.
Szymonik, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/202089.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
ballistics
equations of motion
projectile path
modified point mass trajectory model
MPMTM
projectile deflection
balistyka
równania ruchu
lot pocisku
Opis:
Various models of a projectile in a resisting medium are used. Some are very simple, like the “point mass trajectory model”, others, like the “rigid body trajectory model”, are complex and hard to use, especially in Fire Control Systems due to the fact of numeric complexity and an excess of less important corrections. There exist intermediate ones - e.g. the “modified point mass trajectory model”, which unfortunately is given by an implicitly defined differential equation as Sec. 1 discusses. The main objective of this paper is to present a way to reformulate the model obtaining an easy to solve explicit system having a reasonable complexity yet not being parameter-overloaded. The final form of the M-model, after being carefully derived in Sec. 2, is presented in Subsec. 2.5.
Źródło:
Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences. Technical Sciences; 2016, 64, 1; 81-89
0239-7528
Pojawia się w:
Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences. Technical Sciences
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Analysis of the Properties of EN AC 51200 Aluminum Alloy
Autorzy:
Uhríčik, M.
Palček, P.
Chalupová, M.
Hanusová, P.
Kuchariková, L.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/356674.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
aluminum alloy
Al-Mg cast alloy
three-point bending loading
fatigue
fracture surface
Opis:
The article will be focused on analysis of properties of aluminum alloy for the casting of type Al-Mg. As an experimental material was used aluminum alloy EN AC 51200, supplied in a cast state without a heat treatment. It was produced by the continuous casting method. Experiments deal with microstructural material analysis, fractographic analysis, mechanical and fatigue tests. The microstructure of the testing sample was examined using an optical microscope Neophot 32. Fatigue properties of aluminum alloy was tested by three-point bending cyclic loading. The fracture surface of the testing sample was examined using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), where sample was observed on various stages of the fatigue process, its characteristics and differences of fracture surfaces.
Źródło:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials; 2020, 65, 4; 1437-1445
1733-3490
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Estimation of the modulus fir wood reinforced with PBO fiber mesh
Autorzy:
Sokołowski, P.
Kossakowski, P. G.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/231267.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
badanie laboratoryjne
konstrukcja drewniana
właściwości mechaniczne
zginanie czteropunktowe
laboratory tests
wooden structure
mechanical properties
four-point bending
Opis:
This paper presents the results of preliminary tests for estimating the modulus of elasticity of wooden beams from firs reinforced with PBO fiber mesh. The tests were carried out in the Materials Strength Laboratory at the Kielce University of Technology in Kielce, Poland with PN-EN 408:2004. The wooden elements were subjected to a four-point bending test with the aim of estimating the elastic modulus when bending, assuming the loading velocities of the loading forces of 5 mm / min. The obtained results show a significant increase in the load-bearing capacity of beams reinforced with PBO mesh.
Źródło:
Archives of Civil Engineering; 2018, 64, 4/I; 105-121
1230-2945
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Civil Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Measurement of noise in the Monte Carlo point sampling method
Autorzy:
Guzek, K.
Napieralski, P.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/202392.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
photorealism
image evaluation methods
image quality metrics
visual perception
global illumination
Opis:
This paper gives a concise overview of the techniques we have used to find out the degree of measuring the quality of rendered images and a level of noise in particular. First part of the paper presents designed and conducted psychophysical experiment involving human subjective judgment. Then, two of the existing numerical image comparison methods are considered in the context of assessing the level of noise produced by global illuminations algorithms. The results of the participants’ subjective responses are correlated with the data obtained from objective mathematical metrics. The main goal of research was to determine the objective and perceptual measure of quality for images with fixed sampling strategy. The results will help to establish the measures of identifying the human perception in the assessment of images generated with global illumination algorithms.
Źródło:
Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences. Technical Sciences; 2011, 59, 1; 15-19
0239-7528
Pojawia się w:
Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences. Technical Sciences
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Analysis Of Factors Affecting Gravity-Induced Deflection For Large And Thin Wafers In Flatness Measurement Using Three-Point-Support Method
Autorzy:
Liu, H.
Dong, Z.
Kang, R.
Zhou, P.
Gao, S.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/220380.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
flatness measurement
large and thin silicon wafer
GID
three-point-support method
initial stress
Opis:
Accurate flatness measurement of silicon wafers is affected greatly by the gravity-induced deflection (GID) of the wafers, especially for large and thin wafers. The three-point-support method is a preferred method for the measurement, in which the GID uniquely determined by the positions of the supports could be calculated and subtracted. The accurate calculation of GID is affected by the initial stress of the wafer and the positioning errors of the supports. In this paper, a finite element model (FEM) including the effect of initial stress was developed to calculate GID. The influence of the initial stress of the wafer on GID calculation was investigated and verified by experiment. A systematic study of the effects of positioning errors of the support ball and the wafer on GID calculation was conducted. The results showed that the effect of the initial stress could not be neglected for ground wafers. The wafer positioning error and the circumferential error of the support were the most influential factors while the effect of the vertical positioning error was negligible in GID calculation.
Źródło:
Metrology and Measurement Systems; 2015, 22, 4; 531-546
0860-8229
Pojawia się w:
Metrology and Measurement Systems
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Elimination of Chunky Graphite in Castings with Large Thermal Points
Autorzy:
Futas, P.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/383054.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
ductile iron
chunky graphite
cooling rate
thermal point
żeliwo sferoidalne
szybkość chłodzenia
punkt termiczny
Opis:
The presence of the chunky graphite is unwanted in the cast iron with the spheroidal graphite for this significantly lowers the properties of the ductile iron. This shape of the graphite is formed as the result of the slow cooling rate of the castings with large thermal point and also due to the presence of the elements which suppress the formation of the spheroidal graphite and support formation of the chunky graphite. The spheroidal graphite present in the ductile iron assures the excellent mechanical properties, while the chunky graphite significantly reduces those properties of the ductile iron. Therefore it is of importance to assume conditions under which prevented is the formation of the chunky graphite. The casts were carried out under the conditions of the regular operation of the foundry and tested were various types of modifiers and inoculators and also pre-inoculators containing the elements suppressing the formation of the chunky graphite (Al, Sb a Ba). Applied were also the chromium breaker core to suppress the formation chunky graphite which was present in the structure in the places after the feeders elimination. As whole, executed were eight casts with various types of the modifiers and inoculators.
Źródło:
Archives of Foundry Engineering; 2016, 16, 4; 57-60
1897-3310
2299-2944
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Foundry Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Monitoring of secondary forest succession on abandoned farmland using LiDAR point clouds
Autorzy:
Szostak, M.
Bednarski, A.
Wężyk, P.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/145380.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
mapowanie
lotnicze skanowanie laserowe
dane katastralne
ALS
nDSM
LULC changes
Opis:
The purpose of the study was an assessment of LiDAR point clouds for automating the mapping of land use and land cover changes, mainly land abandonment and the process of secondary forest succession. Detailed information about land cover was determined based on airborne laser scanning data. The presented study focuses on the analysis of the spatial range and structure of vegetation. The study area was located in Milicz district in the voivodeship of Lower Silesia – the central west part of Poland. The areas of interest were parcels where agricultural land had been abandoned and forest succession processes had progressed. Analysis of the spatial range of the secondary forest succession was carried out using a reclassified nDSM. Reclassification of the nDSM was done using > 1 m, > 2 m and > 3 m for the pixel values, representing the height of vegetation above the ground. Parameters such as height of vegetation, standard deviation of height and cover density were calculated, to show the process of the increase in forest succession on abandoned agricultural land. The results confirmed a discrepancy between the cadastral data and the actual use of the plots. In the study area, more than three times as much forested and wooded area was detected than had been recorded in official databases. Analyses based on airborne laser scanning point clouds indicated significant diversity in the vertical and horizontal structure of vegetation. The results demonstrated gradual succession of greenery in the research area.
Źródło:
Geodesy and Cartography; 2018, 67, 2; 305-319
2080-6736
2300-2581
Pojawia się w:
Geodesy and Cartography
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
A single-point method based on distortion power for the detection of harmonic sources in a power system
Autorzy:
Stevanović, D.
Petković, P.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/220846.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
distortion power
harmonic pollution source detection
power meter
Opis:
This paper describes a new and efficient method for quantifying and detection of the source of distortion caused by a single customer in a case when many other customers exist in a power grid. It is based on measuring distortion power, a component of apparent power that only exists with a nonlinear load. Different definitions for distortion power calculation are investigated. All these definitions show without doubt that the proposed method is feasible. Moreover, this method allows to develop fair and reliable billing schemes for controlling harmonic pollution. Measurement and simulation results confirm the effectiveness and applicability of the method. The proposed solution is suitable for software/hardware upgrade of existing electronic power-meters.
Źródło:
Metrology and Measurement Systems; 2014, 21, 1; 3-14
0860-8229
Pojawia się w:
Metrology and Measurement Systems
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The influence of sampling point on solids suspension density applied in scaling of the hydrodynamics of a supercritical CFB boiler
Autorzy:
Mirek, P.
Ziaja, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/185607.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
hydrodynamika
skalowanie
circulating fluidised bed
hydrodynamics
scaling
Opis:
The article presents the results of laboratory tests carried out on a scaling model of the 966MW the fluidised-bed boiler operating in the Lagisza Power Plant, made on a scale of 1:20 while preserving the geometrical similarity. The tests were carried out for scaled-down material taken from different locations on the circulation contour in the state of full boiler loading. To reflect the hydrodynamic conditions prevailing in the combustion chamber, solids with properly selected density and particle size distribution were used. The obtained results have made it possible to determine the location for taking the most representative granular material sample.
Źródło:
Chemical and Process Engineering; 2011, 32, 4; 391-399
0208-6425
2300-1925
Pojawia się w:
Chemical and Process Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
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