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Wyświetlanie 1-15 z 21
Tytuł:
Cast High-Manganese Steel – the Effect of Microstructure on Abrasive Wear Behaviour in Miller Test
Autorzy:
Kalandyk, B.
Tęcza, G.
Zapała, R.
Sobula, S.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/383241.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
austenite
high-manganese steel
microstructure
abrasive wear resistance
Miller slurry machine test
austenit
stal wysokomanganowa
mikrostruktura
odporność na ścieranie
test Millera
Opis:
The results of the modification of austenitic matrix in cast high-manganese steel containing 11÷19% Mn with additions of Cr, Ni and Ti were discussed. The introduction of carbide-forming alloying elements to this cast steel leads to the formation in matrix of stable complex carbide phases, which effectively increase the abrasive wear resistance in a mixture of SiC and water. The starting material used in tests was a cast Hadfield steel containing 11% Mn and 1.34% C. The results presented in the article show significant improvement in abrasive wear resistance and hardness owing to the structure modification with additions of Cr and Ti.
Źródło:
Archives of Foundry Engineering; 2015, 15, 2; 35-38
1897-3310
2299-2944
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Foundry Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Characteristics of centrifugally cast GX25CrNiSi18-9 steel
Autorzy:
Zapała, R.
Kalandyk, B.
Rakowska, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/381343.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
metallography
heat resistance
cast steel
metalografia
żaroodporność stopu
staliwo
Opis:
The paper presents the results of microstructural examinations of the industrial heat-resistant centrifugally cast GX25CrNiSi18-9 steel characterised by increased content of Cu. The study included changes in the microstructure of base cast steel respective of the steel held at a temperature of 900 and 950°C for 48 hours. Based on the results obtained, an increase in microhardness of the examined cast steel matrix with increasing temperature was stated, which was probably caused by fine precipitates enriched in Cr, Mo, and C forming inside the matrix grains. The layer of scale formed on the tested cast steel oxidised in the atmosphere of air at 900 and 950°C was characterised by an increased tendency to degradation with increasing temperature of the conducted tests.
Źródło:
Archives of Foundry Engineering; 2011, 11, 3 spec.; 249-254
1897-3310
2299-2944
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Foundry Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Effect of Heat Treatment on the Microstructures 20%Cr-21%Ni-5%Si Cast Steel
Autorzy:
Kalandyk, B.
Kasińska, J.
Olejnik, E.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/381678.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
austenitic cast steel
stainless steel
cast steel microstructure
heat treatment
staliwo austenityczne
stal nierdzewna
mikrostruktura staliwa
obróbka termiczna
Opis:
The study describes the effect of heat treatment on the microstructure of cast high-alloyed 20%Cr-21%Ni-5%Si steel. It has been found that the microstructure of the tested material in the initial state consists of an austenitic matrix and precipitates rich in Si, Cr, Ni and Mn, characterized by different morphology and distributed mainly along the grain boundaries. The conducted heat treatment (after solutioning at: 1060, 1100 and 1200ºC) has changed both morphology and chemical composition of the precipitates. Significant reduction in the Si and Ni content and slight increase in the Cr content, especially after solutioning at 1200°C, combined with a simultaneous decrease in the hardness of the precipitates was evidenced.
Źródło:
Archives of Foundry Engineering; 2015, 15, 2 spec.; 39-42
1897-3310
2299-2944
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Foundry Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Effect of high-manganese cast steel strain hardening on the abrasion wear resistance in a mixture of SiC and water
Autorzy:
Kalandyk, B.
Zapała, R.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/382258.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
austenite
high-manganese steel
microstructure
abrasive wear resistance
Miller slurry machine test
austenit
stal wysokomanganowa
mikrostruktura
odporność na zużycie ścierne
test Millera
Opis:
The study attempts to determine the impact of the high-manganese cast steel strain hardening on its abrasion wear resistance in a mixture of SiC and water prepared in accordance with ASTM G75. For tests, the high-manganese cast steel containing 10.7, 17.9 and 20.02% Mn was selected. The results of microstructure examinations and abrasion wear resistance tests carried out on the material in non-hardened condition and after strain hardening with a force of 539.55kN were disclosed. Additionally, the surface of samples after a 16-hour cycle of abrasion tests was examined. Moreover, based on the obtained results, the effect of different contents of Mn in cast steel was studied, mainly in terms of its impact on the abrasion wear resistance. The results obtained on the tested materials were compared with the results obtained on the low-alloyed abrasion wear-resistant cast steel L35GSM.
Źródło:
Archives of Foundry Engineering; 2013, 13, 4; 63-66
1897-3310
2299-2944
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Foundry Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Effect of Silicon Addition on the Microstructure of Cast 24Cr-5Ni-2.5Mo-xSi Duplex Steel
Autorzy:
Kalandyk, B.
Zapała, R.
Witkowska, M.
Kowalska, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/381193.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
stainless steels
microstructure of cast
Thermo-Calc
duplex steel
stale nierdzewne
mikrostruktura odlewu
stal duplex
Opis:
Characteristics of the microstructure of corrosion-resistant cast 24Cr-5Ni-2.5Mo duplex steel after introduction of 0.98, 1.67 and 4.3% Si were described. Based on the test results it has been found that silicon addition introduced to the corrosion-resistant cast two-phase duplex steel significantly reduces austenite content in the alloy matrix. Increasing silicon content in the test alloy to 4.3% has resulted, in addition to the elimination of austenite, also in the precipitation of Si-containing intermetallic phases at the grain boundaries and inside the grains. The precipitates were characterized by varying content of Cr and Mo, indicating the presence in the structure of more than one type of the brittle phase characteristic for this group of materials. The simulation using Thermo-Calc software has confirmed the presence of ferrite in all tested alloys. In the material containing 4.3% Si, the Cr and Si enriched precipitates, such as G phase and Cr3Si were additionally observed to occur.
Źródło:
Archives of Foundry Engineering; 2018, 18, 1; 186-190
1897-3310
2299-2944
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Foundry Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Effect of Tempering Temperature on the Mechanical Properties of Cast L35HM Steel
Autorzy:
Zapała, R.
Kalandyk, B.
Wawro, P.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/380169.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
heat treatment
mechanical properties
cast L35HM steel
tempering
quenching
obróbka cieplna
właściwości mechaniczne
odlewy ze stali
Opis:
A possibility to control the strength, hardness and ductility of the L35HM low-alloy structural cast steel by the applied tempering temperature is discussed in the paper. Tests were carried out on samples taken from the two randomly selected industrial melts. Heat treatment of the cast samples included quenching at 900°C, cooling in an aqueous solution of polymer, and tempering at 600 and 650°C. The obtained results showed that the difference in the tempering temperature equal to 50°C can cause the difference of 121 MPa in the values of UTS and of 153 MPa in the values of 0.2%YS. For both melts tempered at 600 °C, the average values of UTS and 0.2%YS were equal to 995 MPa and 933 MPa, respectively. The values of EL and RA did not show any significant differences. Attention was drawn to large differences in strength and hardness observed between the melts tempered at 600 and 650°C. Despite differences in the mechanical properties of the examined cast steel, the obtained results were superior to those specified by the standard.
Źródło:
Archives of Foundry Engineering; 2017, 17, 2; 151-156
1897-3310
2299-2944
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Foundry Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Effects of Rare Earth Metal Addition on Wear Resistance of Chromium-Molybdenum Cast Steel
Autorzy:
Kasińska, J.
Kalandyk, B.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/381581.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
wear resistant alloys
cast steel
rare earth metals
Miller test
surface profile
stopy odporne na zużycie
stal
metale ziem rzadkich
test Millera
profil powierzchni
Opis:
This paper discusses changes in the microstructure and abrasive wear resistance of G17CrMo5-5 cast steel modified with rare earth metals (REM). The changes were assessed using scanning microscopy. The wear response was determined in the Miller test to ASTM G75. Abrasion tests were supplemented with the surface profile measurements of non-modified and modified cast steel using a Talysurf CCI optical profilometer. It was demonstrated that the modification substantially affected the microstructure of the alloy, leading to grain size reduction and changed morphology of non-metallic inclusions. The observed changes in the microstructure resulted in a three times higher impact strength (from 33 to 99 kJ/cm2) and more than two times higher resistance to cracking (from 116 to 250 MPa). The following surface parameters were computed: Sa: Arithmetic mean deviation of the surface, Sq: Root-mean-square deviation of the surface, Sp: Maximum height of the peak, Sv: Maximum depth of the valley, Sz: Ten Point Average, Ssk: Asymmetry of the surface, Sku: Kurtosis of the surface. The findings also indicated that the addition of rare earth metals had a positive effect on the abrasion behaviour of G17CrMo5-5 cast steel.
Źródło:
Archives of Foundry Engineering; 2017, 17, 3; 63-68
1897-3310
2299-2944
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Foundry Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Effects of steel - applied for large-dimension castings for the power engineering - refining in the ladle-furnace
Efekty rafinacji w pieco-kadzi stali stosowanej na wielkogabarytowe odlewy dla energetyki
Autorzy:
Kalandyk, B.
Wojtal, W
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/355926.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
cast steel for power industry
melting technology
electric arc furnace
ladle furnace
desulphurisation
staliwa dla energetyki
technologia topienia
elektryczny piec łukowy
piecokadź
odsiarczanie
Opis:
The changes of a sulphur content during refining in melting low-alloy and high-alloy steels (G17CrMoV5-10; GX12CrMoNiVNbN9-1) applied for large-dimension castings for the power engineering are presented in the hereby paper. The investigated steel was melted in the oxygen-recovery melting technology with an application of maximum 70% of the process scrap. In addition, after steel melting in the electric arc furnace (EAF), the secondary metallurgy was performed in the ladle furnace (LF). It was shown that the application of the secondary metallurgy by a synthetic slag in the ladle furnace and argon bubbling of a metal bath leads to obtaining in the final analysis: 0.0043-0.0046% of sulphur (a decrease of S content during refining in LF reached 40%). Current measurements of FeO in the slag and maintaining its content below 0.8%, support obtaining such low sulphur content in steel. So low level of the slag oxidizing is one of the necessary conditions for a deep desulphurisation of the metal bath. Without the secondary metallurgy the sulphur content in low-alloy cast steel was 0.007%, while 0.01% in high-alloy cast steel. Controlling of the gas (oxygen, nitrogen) content during steel melting and correcting the amount of additions (e.g. deoxidants), allowed to obtain the low oxygen content (below 45 ppm for two investigated steel grades) and nitrogen content (88 ppm for low-alloy steel and 330 ppm for high-alloy steel), which warrants a good combination of strength and plastic properties.
W pracy przedstawiono zmiany zawartosci siarki podczas rafinacji w czasie wytapiania stali nisko- i wysokostopowej (G17CrMoV5-10; GX12CrMoNiVNbN9-1) stosowanej na wielkogabarytowe odlewy dla energetyki. Badana stal wytopiono w technologii odzyskowo-tlenowej z zastosowaniem maksymalnie 70% złomu własnego. Dodatkowo, po wytopieniu stali w piecu łukowym (EAF) przeprowadzono obróbke pozapiecowa w pieco-kadzi (LF). Wykazano, ze zastosowanie obróbki pozapiecowej zuzlem syntetycznym w pieco-kadzi i argonowania kapieli metalowej prowadzi do uzyskania w analizie koncowej 0,0043-0,0046%S (zmniejszenie zawartosci S podczas rafinacji w LF siegało 40%). Uzyskaniu tak niskiej zawartosci siarki w stali sprzyja m.in. biezacy pomiar FeO w zuzlu i utrzymanie jego zawartosci ponizej 0,8%. Tak niski poziom stopnia utlenienia zuzla jest jednym z warunków koniecznym do dobrego odsiarczenia kapieli metalowej. Bez obróbki pozapiecowej zawartosc siarki w staliwie niskostopowym wynosiła 0,007%, natomiast dla staliwa wysokostopowego 0,01%. Kontrola zawartosci gazów (tlenu i azotu) w czasie wytapiania stali i dokonywana korekta ilosci wprowadzanych dodatków (np. odtleniaczy) doprowadziła do uzyskania niskiej zawartosci tlenu (ponizej 45 ppm dla dwóch badanych gatunków stali) i azotu (88 ppm dla stali niskostopowej, 330 ppm dla stali wysokostopowej) gwarantujaca dobra kombinacje własciwosci wytrzymałosciowych i plastycznych odlewów.
Źródło:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials; 2013, 58, 3; 779-783
1733-3490
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Evaluation of Microstructure and Tribological Properties of GX120Mn13 and GX120MnCr18-2 Cast Steels
Autorzy:
Kalandyk, B.
Zapała, R.
Kasińska, J.
Madej, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2079812.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
high manganese cast steel
microstructure
hardness
wear resistance
staliwo wysokomanganowe
mikrostruktura
twardość
odporność na zużycie
Opis:
The results of microstructure examinations and hardness measurements carried out on two selected grades of high-manganese cast steel with an austenitic matrix, i.e. GX120Mn13 and GX120MnCr18-2, are presented. The examinations of the cast steel microstructure have revealed that the matrix of the GX120MnCr18-2 cast steel contains the precipitates of complex carbides enriched in Cr and Mn with two different morphologies. The presence of these precipitates leads to an increase in hardness by approx. 30 HB compared to the GX120Mn13 cast steel. Samples cut out from the tested materials were loaded (10 strokes) with an energy of 53 J, and then a ball-on-disc tribological test was performed. The test was carried out in reciprocating motion under technically dry friction conditions. While analyzing the obtained results of the microstructure, hardness, and abrasion tests, it was found that the presence of the hard carbide precipitates in the plastic matrix of the tested GX120MnCr18-2 cast steel promoted an increase in hardness, but also led to chipping of these particles from the alloy matrix, thus contributing to micro-cutting during friction.
Źródło:
Archives of Foundry Engineering; 2021, 21, 4; 67-76
1897-3310
2299-2944
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Foundry Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Impact Strength of Austenitic and Ferritic-Austenitic Cr-Ni Stainless Cast Steel in -40 and +20°C Temperature
Udarność kwasoospornego staliwa Cr-Ni w temperaturze -40 i +20°C
Autorzy:
Kalandyk, B.
Zapała, R.
Boroń, Ł.
Solecka, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/353749.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
stainless cast steel
microstructure
impact strength
fractographic examination
staliwo nierdzewne
mikrostruktura
odporność na uderzenia
udarność
Opis:
Studies described in this paper relate to common grades of cast corrosion resistant Cr-Ni steel with different matrix. The test materials were subjected to heat treatment, which consisted in the solution annealing at 1060°C followed by cooling in water. The conducted investigations, besides the microstructural characteristics of selected cast steel grades, included the evaluation of hardness, toughness (at a temperature of -40 and +20°C) and type of fracture obtained after breaking the specimens on a Charpy impact testing machine. Based on the results of the measured volume fraction of ferrite, it has been found that the content of this phase in cast austenitic steel is 1.9%, while in the two-phase ferritic-austenitic grades it ranges from 50 to 58%. It has been demonstrated that within the scope of conducted studies, the cast steel of an austenitic structure is characterised by higher impact strength than the two-phase ferritic-austenitic (F-A) grade. The changing appearance of the fractures of the specimens reflected the impact strength values obtained in the tested materials. Fractures of the cast austenitic Cr-Ni steel obtained in these studies were of a ductile character, while fractures of the cast ferritic-austenitic grade were mostly of a mixed character with the predominance of brittle phase and well visible cleavage planes.
Zaprezentowane w artykule badania dotyczą popularnych gatunków kwasoodpornego staliwa Cr-Ni o różnej osnowie. Zastosowane do badań materiały poddano obróbce cieplnej (przesycanie w temperaturze 1060°C i chłodzenie w wodzie). Przeprowadzone badania oprócz charakterystyki mikrostruktury wybranych gatunków staliwa obejmowały ocenę twardości, udarności (w temperaturze -40 i +20°C) oraz charakteru przełomów uzyskanych w wyniku złamania próbek na młocie Charpie'go. Na podstawie uzyskanych wyników udziału objętościowego ferrytu stwierdzono, że w staliwie austenitycznym występuje 1.9% tej fazy, natomiast w dwóch staliwach ferrytyczno-austenitycznych (F-A) udział ferrytu mieścił się w przedziale 50÷58%. Wykazano, że staliwo o strukturze austenitycznej charakteryzuje się wyższą udarnością w porównaniu do dwufazowego staliwa ferrytyczno-austenitycznego (F-A). Zmiany jakie zaszły w charakterze przełomów próbek były odzwierciedleniem uzyskanych wyników udarności badanych materiałów. W zakresie przeprowadzonych badań przełomy austenitycznego staliwa Cr-Ni wykazują charakter ciągliwo-kruchy, a przełomy staliwa F-A są przeważnie przełomami o charakterze mieszanym z przewagą przełomu kruchego z widocznymi płaszczyznami łupliwości.
Źródło:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials; 2014, 59, 3; 1103-1106
1733-3490
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Innovation technology for the production of massive slag ladles at the Krakodlew S.A. Foundry. Presentation of design works on research and development
Autorzy:
Paszkiewicz, M.
Guzik, E.
Kopyciński, D.
Kalandyk, B.
Burbelko, A.
Gurgul, D.
Sobula, S.
Ziółko, A.
Piotrowski, K.
Bednarczyk, P.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1840919.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
slag ladles
ductile cast iron
cast steel
large castings
massive castings
kadzie żużlowe
żeliwo sferoidalne
staliwo
odlewy wielkogabarytowe
Opis:
This article is a description of the progress of research and development in the area of massive large-scale castings - slag ladles implemented in cooperation with the Faculty of Foundry Engineering of UST in Krakow. Slag ladles are the one of the major castings that has been developed by the Krakodlew (massive castings foundry) for many years. Quality requirements are constantly increasing in relation to the slag ladles. Slag ladles are an integral tool in the logistics of enterprises in the metallurgical industry in the process of well-organized slag management and other by-products and input materials. The need to increase the volume of slag ladles is still growing. Metallurgical production is expected to be achieved in Poland by 2022 at the level of 9.4 million Mg/year for the baseline scenario - 2016 - 9 million Mg/year. This article describes the research work carried out to date in the field of technology for the production of massive slag ladles of ductile cast iron and cast steel.
Źródło:
Archives of Foundry Engineering; 2020, 20, 4; 67-71
1897-3310
2299-2944
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Foundry Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Microstructure and abrasive wear resistance of 18Cr-4Ni-2.5Mo cast steel
Autorzy:
Kalandyk, B.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/380296.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
stal wysokostopowa Cr-Ni
mikrostruktura
wykres CTPc
zużycie ścierne
highly alloyed Cr-Ni cast steel
microstructure
equivalent Cr and Ni
CCT diagrams
abrasive wear
Opis:
An influence of a decreased Cr content on the microstructure of the highly alloyed Cr-Ni cast steel, duplex type, melted under laboratory conditions, was characterized in the paper. The microstructure investigations were performed in the initial state and after the heat treatment (solution annealing) at 1060 C as well as the phase transformation kinetics at continuous cooling was measured. The wear resistance of the investigated cast steel was tested and compared with the 24%Cr-5%Ni-2.5%Mo cast steel. The Cr content decrease, in ferritic-austenitic cast steels (duplex), from 24-26%Cr to 18% leads to the changes of the castings microstructure and eliminating of a brittle \sigma phase. In dependence of the casting cooling rate, apart from ferrite and austenite, also fine martensite precipitates occur in the casting structure. It was shown that the investigated cast steel is characterised by a slightly lower wear resistance than the typical cast steel duplex grades.
Źródło:
Archives of Foundry Engineering; 2012, 12, 4; 81-84
1897-3310
2299-2944
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Foundry Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of High-Alloyed 23Cr-5Mn-2Ni-3Mo Cast Steel
Mikrostruktura i właściwości mechaniczne wysokostopowego staliwa 23Cr-5Mn-2Ni-3Mo
Autorzy:
Kalandyk, B.
Zapała, R.
Kasińska, J.
Wróbel, M.
Balicki, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/356347.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
duplex stainless cast steels
microstructure
solution annealing
mechanical properties
staliwo typu duplex
mikrostruktura
roztwór do wyżarzania
właściwości mechaniczne
Opis:
The article presents the microstructure and mechanical properties of cast duplex stainless steel type 23Cr-5Mn-2Ni-3Mo. It has been shown that the structure of the tested cast steel is composed of ferrite enriched in Cr, Mo and Si, and austenite enriched in Mn and Ni. In the initial state, at the interface, precipitates rich in Cr and Mo were present. A high carbon content (0.08%C) in this cast steel indicates that probably those were complex carbides of the M23C6 type and/or σ phase. Studies have proved that the solution annealing conducted at 1060°C was not sufficient for their full dissolution, while at the solutioning temperature of 1150°C, the structure of the tested material was composed of ferrite and austenite. Partial replacement of Ni by two other austenite-forming elements, which are Mn and N, has ensured obtaining mechanical properties comparable to cast duplex 24Cr-5Ni-3Mo steel of the second generation. Basing on the results of static tensile test, a twice higher yield strength was proved to be obtained, compared to the cast austenitic 18Cr-9Ni and 19Cr-11Ni-2Mo steel commonly used in the foundry industry. In addition to the high yield strength (YS = 547 ÷ 572 MPa), the tested cast steel was characterized by the following mechanical properties: UTS = 731 ÷ 750 MPa, EL = 21 ÷ 29.5%, R.A. = 43 ÷ 52%, hardness 256 ÷ 266 HB. Fractures formed in mechanical tests showed ductile-brittle character.
W artykule przedstawiono mikrostrukturę i właściwości mechaniczne, kwasoodpornego staliwa ferrytyczno - austenitycznego 23Cr-5Mn-2Ni-3Mo typu duplex. Wykazano, że struktura badanego staliwa składa się z ferrytu δ wzbogaconego w C r, Mo i S i oraz austenitu wzbogaconego w Mn i Ni. W stanie wyjściowym na granicy międzyfazowej występują wydzielenia wzbogacone w C r i Mo. Wysoka zawartość C (0.08%) w tym staliwie wskazuje, że prawdopodobnie są to złożone węgliki M23C6 i/lub faza σ. Wykazano, że temperatura przesycania 1060°C nie jest wystarczająca do ich całkowitego rozpuszczenia. Natomiast w temperaturze przesycania 1150°C struktura badanego materiału składa się z ferrytu i austenitu. Częściowe zastąpienie Ni przez dwa inne pierwiastki austenitotwórcze jakimi są Mn i N zapewniło uzyskanie porównywalnych właściwości mechanicznych do staliwa duplex 24Cr-5Ni-3Mo drugiej generacji. Na podstawie przeprowadzonej statycznej próby rozciągania wykazano dwukrotnie wyższą granicę plastyczności w porównaniu do często stosowanego w przemyśle odlewniczym austenitycznego staliwa 18Cr-9Ni i 19Cr-11Ni-2Mo. Poza wysoką granicą plastyczności (Rp0,2 = 547 ÷ 572 MPa), badane staliwo charakteryzowało się następującymi właściwościami mechanicznymi: Rm = 731 ÷ 750 MPa, As = 21 ÷ 29,5%, Z = 43 ÷ 52%, HB = 256 ÷ 266. Przełomy po badaniach wytrzymałościowych wykazywały charakter ciagliwo-kruchy.
Źródło:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials; 2015, 60, 4; 2529-2534
1733-3490
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Microstructure and Properties of 17Cr-0.8C Cast Steel
Autorzy:
Kalandyk, B.
Zapała, R.
Pałka, P.
Wróbel, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/353847.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
martensitic cast steel
M23C6
Fe7C3
Fe3C carbides
heat treatment
microstructure
hardness
Opis:
The results of studies of the microstructure and properties of cast high alloy steels containing 17% Cr and 0.8% C subjected to different variants of heat treatment are presented. For phase identification, the light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy as well as the X-ray diffraction analysis were used. The conducted studies revealed the presence of carbides in the microstructure, mainly of the M23C6 carbide, detected after both quenching and tempering at 200 and 600°C. The use of low and high tempering significantly reduced the test alloy hardness from 657.3 HV30 to 403.7 HV30. At the same time, hardness was observed to have an impact on the values of abrasion in the conducted Miller slurry test. Higher material hardness leads to lower wear expressed by mass loss.
Źródło:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials; 2018, 63, 1; 113-117
1733-3490
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Microstructure Examinations in Corners of the Low-Carbon Steel Slabs from Continuos Caster Machine
Autorzy:
Kwinta, G.
Kara, S.
Kalandyk, B.
Zapała, R.
Pałka, P.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/351069.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
API 5L line pipe steels
low-carbon micro alloyed steel
microstructure
non-metallic inclusion
Opis:
The exposed selvedge layers in slabs cast by the continuous process should be free from surface defects, which in most cases appear in the form of cracks on the casting surface and run to its interior. In addition to the parameters of the casting process, the occurrence of such defects depends on the chemical composition of cast steel, on the segregation of surface active elements and formation of the precipitates of carbides, nitrides and other phases. Due to the frequent occurrence of defects in corners of the slabs, non-destructive testing was performed on the mechanically cleaned surfaces of slabs. The test material was low-carbon API(American Petroleum Institute API 5L standard) steel micro alloyed with Nb and Ti designed for the production of pipes to handle gas, oil and other liquid and gaseous fuels. Despite the use of different methods of inspection, i.e. ultrasonic, magnetic particle and penetrant, cracks were not traced in the examined material. Then, from the corners of the examined slabs, specimens were cut out for metallographic examinations. The main purpose of these examinations was to disclose the presence of possible cracks and micro cracks on the surfaces transversal and longitudinal to the direction of casting. At the same time, studies were conducted to establish the number and morphology of non-metallic inclusions in selvedge layers of the slab corners and axis. Additionally, hardness of the slabs was measured. The conducted studies revealed only some minor differences in the slab hardness along its axis (130 ÷ 135 HB) and in selvedge layers (120 ÷ 123 HB).
Źródło:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials; 2016, 61, 4; 2051-2056
1733-3490
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
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