Informacja

Drogi użytkowniku, aplikacja do prawidłowego działania wymaga obsługi JavaScript. Proszę włącz obsługę JavaScript w Twojej przeglądarce.

English (EN)·Polski (PL)·Yкраїнський (UK)
Przejdź do strony domowej biblioteki Centralna Biblioteka Wojskowa Link otwiera się w nowym oknie Logo biblioteki Prolib Integro - strona głównaCentralna Biblioteka Wojskowa

Wyszukujesz frazę "late" wg kryterium: Temat

  Lista filtrów
Wyrównaj
Wyświetlanie 1-15 z 36
Tytuł:
Incidence and harmfulness of potato late blight (Phytophthora infestans Mont. de Bary) on potato stems.
Autorzy:
Kapsa, Józefa
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2198785.pdf
Data publikacji:
2000-12-20
Wydawca:
Instytut Hodowli i Aklimatyzacji Roślin
Tematy:
diseases
late blight
Phytophthora infestans
potato
localization of initial late blight infection
Opis:
Changes in the occurrence of the initial late blight symptoms have been noted in some regions of Poland. Observations of potato crops showed that occurrence of the primary infections and blight symptoms is sometimes on the stem rather than on the leaves. It was confirmed that in both cases, a cause of late blight was the same species Phytophthora infestans. Surveys of many potato crops done in 1997-1999, around Poland enabled assessment of the incidence of stem blight in Poland. In 1997 - 80.5%, 1998 - 65.2% and in 1999 – 72.4% of observed crops were primary affected with late blight on stems. Stem form of the disease appeared more often in the years with less rainfall in the period from June to July. The largest number of genotypes with initial blight symptoms on stems was observed among first early clones and cultivars. Glasshouse experiments confirmed the importance of stem lesions in decreasing yield and increasing tuber infection. Results confim that blighted tubers were the least probable source of the late blight appearing on stems.
Źródło:
Plant Breeding and Seed Science; 2000, 44; 53-61
1429-3862
2083-599X
Pojawia się w:
Plant Breeding and Seed Science
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The distribution and changes of Phytophthora infestans population in Latvia
Autorzy:
Bebre, Gunta
Skrabule, Ilze
Osa, Marija
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2198975.pdf
Data publikacji:
2004-12-20
Wydawca:
Instytut Hodowli i Aklimatyzacji Roślin
Tematy:
control
late blight
potato
race
resistance
Opis:
Potato breeders and phytopathologists have been conducting the studies on Phytophthorainfestans (Mont.) de Bary at the Priekuli Plant Breeding Station since 1962. The varietal resistanceis very important in potato breeding programme. The trials in collaboration with the Institute ofPhytopathology of Soviet Union (Russia) were done in 1974-1990. The investigations were focusedon races of P. infestans. The changes of races were assessed using a trap method, according to theinvestigation programme, like in each of the republics of the Soviet Union.At the beginning of investigations (1960s and 1970s) races 1, 4 and 1.4 of P. infestans were thepredominant ones in Latvia, but in the 1980s complex races 4.10.11, 1.4.7.8.10.11, 1.3.4.7.8.10.11and 1.2.3.4.7.8.10.11 were more widely distributed.Different foreign varieties, mostly from the Netherlands, were introduced in Latvia in the 1970s.This resulted in a very rapid differentiation of late blight races. The enhanced aggressiveness of P.infestans isolates was due to an increasing number of races in population. The earlier appearance ofinfection in potato fields was recorded. The presence of a mating type A2 was stated in Latviansamples in 1987. Because all tested races had been recognized in a population, and the conception ofresistance breeding had been modified, the trials were stopped in 1990. The resistance based onspecific resistance genes was the main direction in the 1960s and 1970s. From the 1980s, impor-tance of the field resistance has greatly increased and this type of resistance is the most significantin the current breeding programme. The trials in organic field proved the acceptable level of fieldresistance to P. infestans of three medium late varieties: Sigunda (previous name Undine), Beteand Zile. These varieties have been bred at the Priekuli Plant Breeding Station and included intothe Latvian Plant Varieties Catalogue.
Źródło:
Plant Breeding and Seed Science; 2004, 50; 43-49
1429-3862
2083-599X
Pojawia się w:
Plant Breeding and Seed Science
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Field Evaluation of Potato Resistance Against Phytophthora Infestans Under Natural Infection Pressure
Autorzy:
Plich, Jarosław
Tatarowska, Beata
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2199700.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017-12-20
Wydawca:
Instytut Hodowli i Aklimatyzacji Roślin
Tematy:
field trials
late blight resistance
rAUDPC
method
Opis:
Although development of potato cultivars resistant to late blight has long been one of the primary goals of potato breeding programs, several different methods of field resistance evaluation have been used by potato breeders. Recently, within the EucaBlight network (www.euroblight.net), common methods of late blight evaluation have been agreed on, and these methods are currently highly recommended for use by all those interested in evaluating the resistance of the potato to late blight. Here, we describe a method of evaluating potato resistance in field conditions routinely used at Młochów Research Center, which is compliant with recommendations of the EucaBlight protocol.
Źródło:
Plant Breeding and Seed Science; 2017, 76; 25-28
1429-3862
2083-599X
Pojawia się w:
Plant Breeding and Seed Science
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Populations of Phytophthora infestans in the Slovak Republic in 1996-2003
Autorzy:
Forišeková, Kvetoslava
Heldák, Ján
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2198945.pdf
Data publikacji:
2004-12-20
Wydawca:
Instytut Hodowli i Aklimatyzacji Roślin
Tematy:
late blight
mating type
metalaxyl
Phytophthora infestans
race
Opis:
The effective management of protection against Phytophthora infestans must be established on the perfect knowledge of the pathogen. From a practical point of view this means identification of races and mating types as well as the pathotypes resistant to systemic compounds of fungicides. The main goal of our project was to characterize populations of late blight, especially in the most important area of seed potato production. Recognition of races and mating types and evaluation of resistance to metalaxyl of the isolates in potato-growing area were performed in laboratory tests. Isolates of late blight for laboratory tests were collected in commercial and research potato crops in the regions of Poprad and Kežmarok. The first occurrence of metalaxyl-resistant strains was noticed in 1999, and the greatest incidence was recorded in 2000. In the following years a significant decrease was observed. This was due, among others, to omitting fenylamide fungicides in crop protection in our region. The occurrence of isolates virulent to potato with R2, R5, R9 and R11 genes was noted neither in 1996 nor in 1997, and tested isolates had maximum six virulence factors. Since 1999, the occurrence of isolates with seven, eight or even ten virulence factors has been recorded. Presence of A2 mating type was not confirmed in our area until 2002. In 2003, more A2 than A1 isolates were found. It is likely that problems concerning the ability of oospores to survive in soil as well as sexual reproduction of the pathogen may appear also in our potato-growing area.
Źródło:
Plant Breeding and Seed Science; 2004, 50; 51-55
1429-3862
2083-599X
Pojawia się w:
Plant Breeding and Seed Science
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Phytophthora Infestans: Isolation of Pure Cultures, Storage and Inoculum Preparation
Autorzy:
Sobkowiak, Sylwester
Śliwka, Jadwiga
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2199698.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017-12-20
Wydawca:
Instytut Hodowli i Aklimatyzacji Roślin
Tematy:
cryopreservation
isolate
late blight
potato
rye B agar medium
Opis:
Phytophthora infestans causes potato and tomato late blight, economically the most important disease of these plant species. The Oomycete pathogen is frequently sampled, isolated to pure cultures, stored, and char-acterized. The knowledge of its diversity, migrations and evolution is essential for breeding resistant plants and for designing appropriate control strategies. The article presents methods for collection, storage and prep-aration of P. infestans isolates for inoculation of plant tissues, based on the publication by Zarzycka (2001), later updated and modified.
Źródło:
Plant Breeding and Seed Science; 2017, 76; 9-15
1429-3862
2083-599X
Pojawia się w:
Plant Breeding and Seed Science
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Increasing the efficiency of potato breeding through marker assisted selection - general thoughts. Molecular markers for late blight resistance - when applied for breeders?
Autorzy:
Trognitz, Bodo R.
Trognitz, Friederike Ch.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2198962.pdf
Data publikacji:
2004-12-20
Wydawca:
Instytut Hodowli i Aklimatyzacji Roślin
Tematy:
marker assisted selection
potato breeding
potato late blight resistance
Opis:
Despite many breathtaking breakthroughs in the area of crop genetics and genomics, plant breeding still widely depends on the methods that had been worked out almost a century ago. This is not because commercial plant breeders are overly conservative but because the new knowledge lacks efficient and economical tools that would permit their application in practice. Breeders desire supporting technologies that would facilitate laborious and time-consuming screening in the field and laboratory. In particular, resistance screening often cannot be performed satisfactorily as the necessary disease pressure and appropriate pathogen populations may be unavailable. In potato breeding, specific and often complex resistances need to be developed, at the same time maintaining high levels of quality and culinary characteristics. Therefore, it is worthwhile to revisit the facts that comprise the progress in genetics of disease resistance and to analyze current technologies of genotyping and marker assisted selection, with the objective to detect those parameters that limit the efficiency of methods for commercial application. Selection in potato for resistance to late blight will be highlighted as an example. Maps, genes and markers for resistance have been identified – how universal are they? Single genes and quantitative trait loci for race-specific and race non-specific resistance are known – how efficient is their use? Marker technologies based on polymerase chain reaction and DNA hybridization have been developed that are far more efficient than first-generation technologies – is their use in commercial breeding economical? By discussing these issues concepts will emerge that help to pave the way for marker assisted selection (MAS) in potato breeding. The most important parameters required for economical MAS include to have a clear idea of the traits to be selected for, to use proven, reliable markers, to have in place a robust system for the collection and management of DNA samples, and to use technologies whose total cost is below or equal to the cost of the conventional methods. The most striking advantages of MAS are that a breeder will obtain more information than by conventional methodology, the information will be more precise, field labour can be saved and in that way the breeding process will be intensified. The implementation of the new technology could lead to even closer collaboration of breeders and scientists. Possible disadvantages include the relative increase of laboratory and computer work within the breeding program, and possibly higher costs during the implementation phase of the new technology.
Źródło:
Plant Breeding and Seed Science; 2004, 50; 95-105
1429-3862
2083-599X
Pojawia się w:
Plant Breeding and Seed Science
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Resistance of Phytophthora infestans in three Solanum nigrum F3 families
Autorzy:
Śliwka, Jadwiga
Tomczyńska, Iga
Chmielarz, Marcin
Stefańczyk, Emil
Lebecka, Renata
Zimnoch-Guzowska, Ewa
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2199665.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012-08-20
Wydawca:
Instytut Hodowli i Aklimatyzacji Roślin
Tematy:
black nightshade
inheritance
late blight
potato
Solanum tuberosum
virulence
Opis:
Solanum nigrum is a self-pollinating, hexaploid weed and one of a few Solanaceae species native to Europe. It used to be described as a non-host  for Phytophthora infestans. However, now it is known that, like its distant relatives: potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) and tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.), S. nigrum can suffer from potato late blight caused by this pathogen. Both susceptible and resistant S. nigrum genotypes  have been previously identified and inheritance of resistance originating from one accession has been described based on population of F2 plants and 15 F3 lines. The goal of this study was to evaluate resistance of three families of F3 lines, originating from crosses between  a susceptible and three different  resistant  S. nigrum accessions  followed  by two self-pollinations.  Parental  acces- sions were tested for the spectrum of late blight resistance against 48 P. infestans isolates. The three families consisted of 106, 96 and 115 F3 lines, respectively, and from each line 20 plants were tested for resistance to P. infestans. Laboratory  detached leaf assays were  performed in two dates and two replications  of three leaves  each.  Segregation  of the trait  within the line  allowed  us  to distinguish hetero- and homozygous lines. In one F3 family, the ratio of resistant homozygotes: heterozygotes: susceptible  homozygotes  was 1:2:1, indicating  that  a single  gene is  most likely  underlying  the late blight resistance in this case. In the other two, observed segregations of the trait significantly deviated from this model suggesting more complex inheritance patterns.
Źródło:
Plant Breeding and Seed Science; 2012, 66; 63-73
1429-3862
2083-599X
Pojawia się w:
Plant Breeding and Seed Science
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Efektory — kluczowe białka w interakcji ziemniak — Phytophthora infestans
Effectors — key proteins in the interaction potato — Phytophthora infestans
Autorzy:
Brylińska, Marta
Śliwka, Jadwiga
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2198647.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014-03-31
Wydawca:
Instytut Hodowli i Aklimatyzacji Roślin
Tematy:
odporność
Solanum tuberosum
zaraza ziemniaka
late blight
resistance
Solnaum tuberosum
Opis:
Ziemniak (Solanum tuberosum L.) jest jedną z ważniejszych roślin uprawnych na świecie. Roczna produkcja wynosi około 340 mln ton, co umieszcza go na czwartym miejscu wśród roślin użytkowych. Produkcję ziemniaków znacznie obniża choroba - zaraza ziemniaka, wywoływana przez grzybopodobny patogen Phytophthora infestans (Mont.) de Bary należący do Oomycetes. Patogen ten odnosi sukces dzięki białkom - efektorom wydzielanym w czasie interakcji z gospodarzem. Identyfikacja i poznanie funkcji białek efektorowych jest ważne dla zrozumienia oddziaływań patogenów z roślinami i może znaleźć praktyczne zastosowanie w hodowli odpornościowej. Roślina broni się przed infekcją produkując białka odporności R. W niniejszej pracy podsumowano dotychczasową wiedzę na temat oddziaływań efektor — białko odporności R na przykładzie patosystemu ziemniak — P. infestans. Przedstawiono dwie klasy efektorów, omówiono model roślinnego systemu odpornościowego i zaprezentowano kilka przykładów działania najlepiej zbadanych efektorów.
Potato is one of the most appreciated crops in the world, with total production near 340 million tons making it the fourth most important crop plant. Potato production is severely reduced by late blight caused by Phytophthora infestans. This pathogen is so successful thanks to proteins secreted during interaction with the host — effectors. The identification and knowledge of functions of a wide variety of effector proteins are very important for understanding the interactions of plants with pathogens and may find practical use in resistance breeding. The plant is defended by resistance (R) proteins. In this review the knowledge about interactions between effectors and R proteins was summarized with potato — P. infestans pathosystem as an example. Two different classes of effectors were presented. The plant immune system model was discussed as well as the host responses to infection. We presented examples of the most studied effectors which employ different mechanisms for evading recognition by the resistance proteins.
Źródło:
Biuletyn Instytutu Hodowli i Aklimatyzacji Roślin; 2014, 271; 109-118
0373-7837
2657-8913
Pojawia się w:
Biuletyn Instytutu Hodowli i Aklimatyzacji Roślin
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Decision Support Systems for integrated control of late blight
Autorzy:
Schepers, Huub T.A.M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2198946.pdf
Data publikacji:
2004-12-20
Wydawca:
Instytut Hodowli i Aklimatyzacji Roślin
Tematy:
Decision Support Systems
integrated control
late blight
Phytophthora infestans
potato
Opis:
All definitions for integrated control agree that maximum emphasis should be put on prevention by using resistant cultivars and cultural measures. Moreover, the use of plant protection products should be limited to the essential minimum using Decision Support Systems (DSSs) that integrate and organise all relevant information. Computer-based DSSs that require weather information and regular late blight scouting inputs have been developed and validated in a number of European countries. In the frame of the EU concerted action “European network for development of an integrated control strategy of potato late blight (EU.NET.ICP)” several DSSs were validated in 1999-2001. The overall conclusion was that in most cases the use of DSSs combined a good disease control with a reduction of fungicide input. The DSSs can be used as a PC-version but more and more, parts of information are delivered to users by phone, fax, e-mail, SMS and websites on the Internet. An important task for the near future is to update the DSSs with information on the epidemiology of the new aggressive population of Phytophthora infestans. Issues such as (1) the influence of temperature and relative humidity on the infection process, (2) the role of primary inoculum sources (seed, oospores, volunteers, dumps), (3) the role of secondary inoculum sources (distance, severity), (4) control of early blight and (5) resistance ratings for foliar and tuber blight have to be addressed in order to be able to formulate a robust control strategy that effectively controls late (and early) blight with a minimum input of fungicides.
Źródło:
Plant Breeding and Seed Science; 2004, 50; 57-61
1429-3862
2083-599X
Pojawia się w:
Plant Breeding and Seed Science
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Host adaptation in Phytophthora infestans: a review from a population biology perspective
Autorzy:
Andrivon, Didier
Corbière, Roselyne
Lebreton, Lionel
Pilet, Fabian
Montarry, Josselin
Pellé, Roland
Ellissèche, Daniel
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2198969.pdf
Data publikacji:
2004-12-20
Wydawca:
Instytut Hodowli i Aklimatyzacji Roślin
Tematy:
aggressiveness
host resistance
late blight
non-host resistance
specificity
virulence
Opis:
Phytophthora infestans behaves in natural and agricultural ecosystems as a biotrophic pathogen, although it can be cultured on artificial media. Pathogenicity and host adaptation are therefore essential traits to understand its biology and to come up with durable, efficient management of late blight. The present review focuses on adaptation to host species and host cultivars, and to both qualitative and quantitative types of resistance. It also discusses some of the patterns and population mechanisms involved in this adaptation, such as selection, genetic drift and migration. This highlights the need for an in-depth analysis of each local situation to accurately describe and understand the mechanisms responsible for observed population displacements.
Źródło:
Plant Breeding and Seed Science; 2004, 50; 15-27
1429-3862
2083-599X
Pojawia się w:
Plant Breeding and Seed Science
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
A rapid method for evaluation of partial potato resistance to late blight and of aggressiveness of Phytophthora infestans isolates originating from different regions
Autorzy:
Filippov, Alexey V.
Gurevich, Boris I.
Kozlovsky, Boris E.
Kuznetsova, Maria A.
Rogozhin, Alexandr N.
Spiglazova, Svetlana Y.
Smetanina, Tatiana I.
Smirnov, Alexey N.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2198972.pdf
Data publikacji:
2004-12-20
Wydawca:
Instytut Hodowli i Aklimatyzacji Roślin
Tematy:
aggressiveness
late blight
mathematical model
potato cultivars
resistance
yield losses
Opis:
The procedure of evaluation is based on mathematical simulation model of the late blight (LB) development in combination with laboratory testing of detached leaflets artificially inoculated with Phytophthora infestans. An incubation period, amount and sizes of lesions and sporulation capacity are estimated. Each couple “tested Phytophthora isolate and tested potato cultivar” is compared with a standard couple “Phytophthora isolate N161 and standard cultivar”. A simulator on the base of these data calculates area under the curve for LB development and yield loss due to LB for a situation when a yield loss of a standard cultivar infected with a standard isolate is equal 35%. Comparison of a new rapid laboratory method and field methods showed satisfactory correlation. Resistance to late blight was evaluated for 47 potato cultivars with the new method. It was also shown that some variations in foliar aggressiveness existed among P. infestans populations from different regions. Supported by ISTC grant #1640.
Źródło:
Plant Breeding and Seed Science; 2004, 50; 29-41
1429-3862
2083-599X
Pojawia się w:
Plant Breeding and Seed Science
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
A new method for evaluating tomato leaf resistance to Phytophthora infestans using a seedling test.
Autorzy:
Michalska, Anna Maria
Pazio, Maria
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2198869.pdf
Data publikacji:
2002-06-23
Wydawca:
Instytut Hodowli i Aklimatyzacji Roślin
Tematy:
tomato
Lycopersicon esculentum
Phytophthora infestans
late blight
resistance
method
seedling test
Opis:
A laboratory test for evaluating the tomato leaf resistance to Phytophthora infestans in the seedling stage has been developed. The test is suitable for evaluation of breeding lines and selection within large populations. The following standard varieties and accessions representing a whole range of variability of known resistance were used: Moneymaker, New Yorker, West Virginia`63, West Virginia 700 and Ottawa 30. Various P. infestans isolates were used in the tests. Tomato seedlings grown in a liquid medium were cultured and tested in a growth chamber. The infection of individual seedlings was evaluated using 9-degree logistic key and data were statistically estimated. The results were reproducible in the same growth   conditions. Ranking of infection degree was as follow: Moneymaker ≥ New Yorker > West Virginia`63 > West Virginia 700 = Ottawa 30 irrespectively of test conditions or the isolates applied. The laboratory ranking was consistent with field observations. The results of tests depended on concentration of liquid medium (lower infection at lower concentration), on the isolate used and its spore concentration. The method proposed meets all requirements necessary for breeding and research as a routine method for evaluation of the tomato leaf resistance to P. infestans.
Źródło:
Plant Breeding and Seed Science; 2002, 46, 1; 3-21
1429-3862
2083-599X
Pojawia się w:
Plant Breeding and Seed Science
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Assessing resistance to late blight of potato: methods used at the Scottish Crop Research Institute
Autorzy:
Stewart, Helen E.
Solomon-Blackburn, Ruth
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2198944.pdf
Data publikacji:
2004-12-20
Wydawca:
Instytut Hodowli i Aklimatyzacji Roślin
Tematy:
late blight
Phytophthora infestans
potato
resistance breeding
resistance test
screening methods
Solanum tuberosum
Opis:
At SCRI, wild species and clones of Solanum tuberosum are assessed for resistance to late blight in order to study the genetics and breed for resistance. Glasshouse progeny tests for foliage and tuber blight resistance, using true seedlings, are described. These enable the rapid screening of accessions of wild species, and the selection of the most resistant progenies in a breeding programme within one year of crossing. Assessment of the foliage resistance of clones is carried out in glasshouse tests of whole plants in flower-bud, and field trials using infector plants inoculated in the glasshouse with a complex race of Phytophthora infestans. The glasshouse test provides a reliable method of identifying R-genes and the virulence characteristics of blight isolates. The field trial gives the best estimate of field resistance and is being used to develop marker-assisted selection. Both tests are used to study the inheritance of resistance, to locate quantitative trait loci (QTL) and R-genes, and to select the most resistant clones. The tuber resistance of clones is assessed by spray-inoculating whole, immature, field-grown tubers on the day of harvest. However when large numbers of clones are involved, e.g. in the location of QTL, this is impractical, so glasshouse-grown tubers are dip-inoculated.
Źródło:
Plant Breeding and Seed Science; 2004, 50; 107-112
1429-3862
2083-599X
Pojawia się w:
Plant Breeding and Seed Science
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Odporność roślin ziemniaka na Phytophthora infestans i jej związek z wczesnością odmian — przegląd literatury
Resistance of the potato to Phytophthora infestans and its relation to earliness of cultivars — a review
Autorzy:
Plich, Jarosław
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/41444458.pdf
Data publikacji:
2007
Wydawca:
Instytut Hodowli i Aklimatyzacji Roślin
Tematy:
Phytophthora infestans
Solanum tuberosum
długość wegetacji
odporność
zaraza ziemniaka
wczesność
maturity
resistance
late blight
earliness
Opis:
Phytophthora infestans, organizm wywołujący zarazę ziemniaka jest najgroźniejszym i najważniejszym ekonomicznie patogenem ziemniaka. Pomimo długiej historii hodowli odpornościowej na P. infestans, przy wykorzystaniu zarówno genów R jak i genów o małych efektach, do tej pory nie udało się uzyskać satysfakcjonującego poziomu trwałej odporności u odmian o krótkim okresie wegetacji. Powodem tego jest fakt, iż wysoki poziom odporności polowej na P. infestans jest silnie sprzężony z długim okresem wegetacji roślin ziemniaka. Przyczyny tego związku mogą mieć charakter fizjologiczny i genetyczny. Wyniki badań molekularnych potwierdzają, iż długość wegetacji oraz pozioma odporność na P. infestans mogą być warunkowane przez te same geny o efekcie plejotropowym lub przez geny bardzo silnie sprzężone. Możliwości uzyskania odmian wczesnych o wysokim i trwałym poziomie odporności na drodze konwencjonalnej hodowli należy upatrywać w zastosowaniu nowych źródeł odporności.
Phytophthora infestans, the causal agent of the late blight is the most dangerous and economically important potato pathogen. In long history of resistance breeding against P. infestans both, R genes and genes with small effects were used. Until now early cultivars with high level of durable resistance do not exist. The main reason for the lack of early resistant cultivars is relationship between high levels of field resistance and late maturity. Nature of this relationship might be both physiological and genetic. Molecular study of earliness and late blight resistance shows that both traits may be the results of pleiotropic effects of the same genes or independent but very closely linked genes. New sources of resistance are required for introduction of high level of durable resistance to late blight into early genotypes by conventional breeding.  
Źródło:
Biuletyn Instytutu Hodowli i Aklimatyzacji Roślin; 2007, 246; 61-71
0373-7837
2657-8913
Pojawia się w:
Biuletyn Instytutu Hodowli i Aklimatyzacji Roślin
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Odporność odmian ziemniaka jako element intergowanej ochrony przed agrofagami
Resistance of potato varieties as an element of integrated pest management
Autorzy:
Osowski, Jerzy
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2198372.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012-12-31
Wydawca:
Instytut Hodowli i Aklimatyzacji Roślin
Tematy:
mokra zgnilizna
odmiany
odporność
sucha zgnilizna
zaraza ziemniaka
dry rot
late blight
resistance
varieties
wet rot
Opis:
W latach 2008–2011 w Zakładzie Nasiennictwa i Ochrony Ziemniaka w Boninie, przeprowadzono serię testów laboratoryjnych oceniających poziom odporności na mokrą zgniliznę bulw, suchą zgniliznę bulw oraz zarazę ziemniaka 25 wybranych odmian ziemniaka, zarejestrowanych w latach 2005–2008. W przeprowadzonych testach nie znaleziono odmian odpornych jednocześnie na wszystkie oceniane choroby. Spośród przebadanych odmian najwięcej odpornych odmian stwierdzono na suchą zgniliznę bulw a najmniej na zarazę ziemniaka. Wśród przebadanych odmian w grupie bardzo wczesnych i wczesnych, Annabelle wykazała się niską podatnością na mokrą i suchą zgniliznę oraz wrażliwością na zarazę ziemniaka; średnio wczesnych Agnes wrażliwością na mokrą i suchą zgniliznę oraz niską podatnością na P. infestans oraz późnych Niagara okazała się podatna na sucha zgniliznę i zarazę ziemniaka.
In the years 2008–2011, in the Department of Potato Protection and Seed Science in Bonin, we carried out a series of laboratory tests assessing the levels of resistance to: tuber wet rot, dry rot and late blight of potato tubers of 25 chosen potato cultivars, registered in 2005–2008. In the conducted tests we did not find varieties resistant at the same time to all evaluated diseases. Among the tested varieties, the most were resistant to tuber dry rot and only few to potato late blight. Among the varieties tested in the group of very early and early, Annabelle showed a low susceptibility to wet and dry rot, and sensitivity to the potato late blight. Medium early variety Agnes was sensitive to wet and dry rot, and weakly susceptible to P. infestans and late variety Niagara turned out to be susceptible to dry rot and potato late blight.
Źródło:
Biuletyn Instytutu Hodowli i Aklimatyzacji Roślin; 2012, 266; 261-269
0373-7837
2657-8913
Pojawia się w:
Biuletyn Instytutu Hodowli i Aklimatyzacji Roślin
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Wyświetlanie 1-15 z 36

Ta witryna wykorzystuje pliki cookies do przechowywania informacji na Twoim komputerze. Pliki cookies stosujemy w celu świadczenia usług na najwyższym poziomie, w tym w sposób dostosowany do indywidualnych potrzeb. Korzystanie z witryny bez zmiany ustawień dotyczących cookies oznacza, że będą one zamieszczane w Twoim komputerze. W każdym momencie możesz dokonać zmiany ustawień dotyczących cookies