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Tytuł:
The unresolved problem of determining the forest interest rate
Autorzy:
Adamowicz, Krzysztof
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/989659.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Instytut Badawczy Leśnictwa
Tematy:
forestry economics
value
forestry rate
Opis:
Valuation of forests and their components is a significant problem, both for science and practice. At present, in many countries, the market of forest property is limited. As a result, no conclusions may be inferred on the forest value based on the information on forest purchase and sale transactions. In this situation, we apply static methods of forest valuation. The problem of forest statics has been discussed for years (e.g., Brukas et al. 2001; Chang 1983, 2001; Dieter 2001; Hartman 1976; Manley and Bare 2001; Mohring 2001; Zhang 2001; Viitala 2016). Static methods of forest valuation are well known. In the construction of the proposed mathematical formula (Eq. 6), the Faustmann theory was applied, concerning the economic equilibrium in forestry. Numerous modifications of his equation for economic equilibrium were used to develop, for example, an income method for forest valuation based on discounting the final value or prolongation of initial value. The forest interest rate is a key element in these equations. At present, there are no procedures for the establishment of this interest rate, which would be generally accepted by the scientific community. Therefore, the article presents and discusses selected concepts for determining the forest interest rate.
Źródło:
Folia Forestalia Polonica. Series A . Forestry; 2018, 60, 2; 122-130
0071-6677
Pojawia się w:
Folia Forestalia Polonica. Series A . Forestry
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Forest development and conservation policy in Poland
Autorzy:
Szramka, Hubert
Adamowicz, Krzysztof
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2041678.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Instytut Badawczy Leśnictwa
Tematy:
forest management
forestry policy
environmental protection
forestry protection
Opis:
Whilst, in many countries, the scale of forest loss from business-as-usual development is immense, in Poland, this problem does not exist. However, obtaining additional land areas for afforestation is a main issue in Poland. In Poland, after the World War II, the forest area has been systematically growing. In 1945, the forest area was about 6.5 million ha, and the forest cover was 21%. In 2016, the forest area reached 9.2 million ha, and forest cover amounted to 29.5%. Today, there are 0.24 ha of forests per one inhabitant of Poland. The size of wood resources in stands is also changing. In 1945, forest resources on the trunk amounted to approximately 906 million m3 , and in 2016, it reached 2.4 million m3. The problem, however, is the uneven distribution of forests in Poland. Forests in Poland are very strictly protected by law. There are two most important acts, Forest Act of 2001 and Nature Conservation Act of 2004, that regulate principles for the retention, protection and augmentation of forest resources. Over the past decades in Poland, the social demands regarding non-economical functions of forest such as recreational activities, soil and water protection and mitigation of global warming became an important and constantly growing challenge for forest managers. Thus we suggest that, first of all, it is very important to extract the leading function for a given forest area. Interactions between development and conservations policies are very tied and may suggest the need of their integration. In this article, we present the concept of development policy for forest management and forest protection in Poland.
Źródło:
Folia Forestalia Polonica. Series A . Forestry; 2020, 62, 1; 31-38
0071-6677
Pojawia się w:
Folia Forestalia Polonica. Series A . Forestry
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Development of the forestry services sector in Poland
Autorzy:
Kocel, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/38442.pdf
Data publikacji:
2010
Wydawca:
Instytut Badawczy Leśnictwa
Tematy:
developmental phase
forestry service
private forestry service company
Polska
European Union
accession
Opis:
The paper presents the results of monitoring of the forestry services sector in Poland which was carried out in the years 1993, 1996, 1999, 2003 and 2006. There were evaluated: characteristics of the owners of private forestry companies, company employment rate as well as financial status and equipment stock. Forms of financial assistance paid to the sector before and after Poland’s accession to the European Union were reviewed. Based on the results of monitoring conducted just about every three years the phases of development of the private sector of forestry services were determined.
Źródło:
Folia Forestalia Polonica. Series A . Forestry; 2010, 52, 1
0071-6677
Pojawia się w:
Folia Forestalia Polonica. Series A . Forestry
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
NATURA 2000 and its impact on forestry in the Czech Republic
Autorzy:
Zahradnik, P.
Gerakova, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/38475.pdf
Data publikacji:
2010
Wydawca:
Instytut Badawczy Leśnictwa
Tematy:
forestry
Czech Republic
Nature 2000 network
nature conservation
Źródło:
Folia Forestalia Polonica. Series A . Forestry; 2010, 52, 2
0071-6677
Pojawia się w:
Folia Forestalia Polonica. Series A . Forestry
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Rural development towards a bio-based economy - the contribution of Forest Research
Autorzy:
Hepperle, F.
von Teuffel, K.
Brodbeck, F.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/38461.pdf
Data publikacji:
2009
Wydawca:
Instytut Badawczy Leśnictwa
Tematy:
rural development
biomass
potential
utilization
economy
forestry research
Germany
Opis:
The bio-economy, using biomass from various sources and in a wide range of sectors, has reached a significant scale in Europe. The current and the potential importance of the bio-economy is illustrated with data from Germany. While the potential uses of biomass are manifold, its availability is limited. This paper discusses the resulting competition for biomass and shows possibilities to increase the biomass-potential. To satisfy the increasing demand for biomass, further research in the forestry sector is needed.
Źródło:
Folia Forestalia Polonica. Series A . Forestry; 2009, 51, 1
0071-6677
Pojawia się w:
Folia Forestalia Polonica. Series A . Forestry
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The role of forestry in the socio-economic development of Poland’s agricultural region (input-output analysis)
Znaczenie leśnictwa w społeczno-gospodarczym rozwoju regionu rolniczego w Polsce (analiza przepływów międzysekcyjnych)
Autorzy:
Golos, P.
Zajac, S.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/38600.pdf
Data publikacji:
2008
Wydawca:
Instytut Badawczy Leśnictwa
Tematy:
forestry
socioeconomic development
Polska
agricultural region
input-output analysis
Opis:
The study was undertaken in the region of the Białowieża Primeval Forest (Białowieża, Browsk, and Hajnówka Forest Districts – FDs), which has a total area of 52 thousand hectares and is situated in the agricultural zone of north-eastern Poland. The study used an input-output (I-O) analysis to explore: 1) the type and strength of relationships between forest management and its socio-economic environment, and 2) the role and significance of forestry in the development of the region. The forest sector (FDs) employed 452 people, with salaries totalling USD 1.6 million/yr. FDs supplied the socio-economic environment with the generated cash flows (taxes and dues) amounting to USD 4.8 million/yr, enabling creation of 413 jobs outside forestry. FDs supplied goods and services for the amount of USD 5.2 million/yr, mainly revenues from the sale of 120,000 m3 of harvested wood. The wood-processing industry employed 1,111 people, and was also a source of taxes and dues amounting to USD 1.7 million/yr. Fifteen jobs were created per 1,000 m3 of harvested, sold, and processed wood: 2 in FDs, 4 in the firms providing goods and services, and 9 in the recipients of goods and services. Simultaneously, this was a source of taxes amounting to USD 26.0/yr, of which USD 11.0 thousand/yr was paid by FDs, USD 1.4 thousand/yr by the environment of suppliers, and USD 13.6 thousand/yr by the environment of recipients.
Celem badań było ustalenie rodzaju i siły powiązań gospodarki leśnej z otoczeniem społeczno-gospodarczym oraz konsekwencji dla miejscowych gmin i ich mieszkańców w kontekście planowanego powiększenia obszaru Białowieskiego Parku Narodowego (BPN) o trzy nadleśnictwa (Białowieża, Browsk, Hajnowka). Badania przeprowadzono za pomocą metody analizy przepływów między sekcyjnych (input‑ output analysis). Dotyczyły one rynkowych powiązań gospodarki leśnej (trzech nadleśnictw) z otoczeniem społeczno-gospodarczym. W badaniach pominięto natomiast powiązania nadleśnictw z otoczeniem związane ze świadczeniem pozaprodukcyjnych funkcji gospodarki leśnej, ktore nie są rejestrowane w dokumentach finansowo-księgowych. Uzyskane wyniki badań wskazują na liczne powiązania gospodarki leśnej z otoczeniem społeczno-gospodarczym oraz na duże znaczenie leśnictwa w rozwoju obszarów wiejskich tego regionu. Świadczą o tym m.in. następujące wskaźniki: Nadleśnictwa, zakłady usług leśnych i zakłady przerobu drewna stworzyły bezpośrednio i pośrednio ogółem 1976 miejsc pracy. 1. Każdy 1 tys. m3 pozyskanego surowca drzewnego w nadleśnictwach BPN tworzy 15 miejsc pracy. 2. W ujęciu wartościowym, pozyskany surowiec drzewny o wartości 2 714 USD generuje jedno miejsce pracy. 3. W przeciętnej cenie 34 USD/m3 drewna pozyskanego w nadleśnictwach BPN opłaty i podatki na rzecz budżetu państwa i gmin stanowią 33%, tj. 11 USD. 4. 1 m3 drewna pozyskanego i przerobionego w BPN, którego przeciętna wartość w gotowym produkcie wyniosła 97 USD obciążony jest opłatami i podatkami w wysokości 26 USD (27%) wartości produktu finalnego, w której: – 21 USD/m3 stanowią opłaty i podatki odprowadzone do budżetu państwa, – 5 USD/m3 opłaty i podatki trafiające do budżetów gmin. Przedstawione wskaźniki syntetyczne obrazują istotne znaczenie lasu i gospodarki leśnej dla rozwoju gmin w otoczeniu BPN i lokalnej społeczności. Włączenie nadleśnictw do parku ograniczyłoby wpływ leśnictwa na rozwój obszarów wiejskich. Ocena skutków gospodarczych i społecznych tego przedsięwzięcia wymaga dalszych badań.
Źródło:
Folia Forestalia Polonica. Series A . Forestry; 2007-2008, 49-50
0071-6677
Pojawia się w:
Folia Forestalia Polonica. Series A . Forestry
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Forestry’s contribution to livestock feed in Uttarakhand, India: a quantitative assessment of volume and economic value
Autorzy:
Pandey, R.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/38772.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011
Wydawca:
Instytut Badawczy Leśnictwa
Tematy:
forestry
livestock feed
Uttarakhand
India
quantitative assessment
economic value
Opis:
Livestock sector forms an important livelihood activity for farmers, through supporting agriculture and supplementing income in India. The lack of availability of sufficient feed is one of the major limiting factors for better productivity of livestock. The feed are of two types as roughages (high in crude fibrous material) available at public forest, farm lands, etc. and concentrates (high in nutrients and mixture of oil, coarse grain, and cereals). The general degradation of forest reduces the fodder availability, severely. Therefore, improving forest condition may provide pathways for sustainability of both, livestock and forest. This may be addressed through sustainable forest management, which requires scientific inputs and may be shifting of some demand of locals to other resources. This requires huge amount from government. Presently, livestock sector is part of the Agriculture and Allied Activities sector in the accounting system of India, and therefore, all related shares and expenditure is part of the component. This results into under allocation for the actual shares of forestry contribution to livestock, in the Forestry and Logging sector. This occurs primarily, due to the lack of scientific information on the share and value of fodder from forest. This study has been undertaken to estimate the share and economic value of forests derived livestock feed. Primary data has been collected as per pretested questionnaire from 316 randomly selected households engaged in livestock rearing from 66 villages distributed across the Uttarakhand, India. Information pertaining to the fodder to livestock from all sources and socio-economic attributes were collected from each household to understand the feed consumption behavior of livestock. The feed sources were classified in forests, other than forests and market. The shares and economic value of livestock feed derived from different sources has been estimated for all livestock. The prices of various feeds were either collected directly from market or estimated through non market valuation techniques based on two scenarios (contingent valuation and ratio of dry and green matter basis of 0.40). The average proportion of feed quantity consumed by livestock was 58% from forests, 39% from other than forests and 3% from markets for hilly region. It was 97% from other than forests and 3% from markets for plain region. For hilly region, the proportion of economic value varies from 40– 41% for forest; 40– 41% for agriculture and 18– 20% from market. The total value of forest fodder was Rs 4811 millions in scenario 1 and Rs 5209 millions in scenario 2 for the Uttarakhand. The study concludes and recommends that these proportions may be utilized to allocate the appropriate share of livestock feed into Forestry and Logging sector, which may results into the realistic share of the sector.
Źródło:
Folia Forestalia Polonica. Series A . Forestry; 2011, 53, 2
0071-6677
Pojawia się w:
Folia Forestalia Polonica. Series A . Forestry
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Can changes in forest management contribute to the reduction of CO2 in the atmosphere? Literature review, discussion and Polish example
Autorzy:
Adamowicz, Krzysztof
Keca, Ljiljana
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2041950.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Instytut Badawczy Leśnictwa
Tematy:
forestry
politics
environment
climate
protection
sustainable development
CO2
carbon
Opis:
Both COP21 and COP22 stressed the role of forests in climate protection as a natural CO2 sink. With this in mind, the study reviewed some literature findings related to afforestation, stand level management, forest soils, peatland management and storage yards to increase the amount of CO2 absorbed by the forest ecosystem. It was shown that some of the assumptions, for example, afforestation or improved water relations in soils, may contribute to reduced CO2 levels in the atmosphere. Our research was of a review nature and consisted in seeking information in various scientific publications. For a better interpretation of the results, we have divided our research into several parts. In the first part, we analysed the importance of deforestation and afforestation in the context of CO2 accumulation. We discussed the results of research on these issues giving specific examples. We have analysed the possibility of afforestation of new land. Using the example of Poland, we have indicated problems related to this issue. We have analysed the possibility of afforestation of new land. On the example of Poland, we have indicated problems related to this problem. We have come to the conclusion that in today’s Europe, the obstacle to such efforts is the lack of land that can be afforested and the financial incentive to abandon farming for forestry is too low. In the second part, we discussed the role of forest stands in the process of CO2 accumulation and reduction. We discussed breeding treatments that can be performed on racks. We noticed their importance in the CO2 reduction process. We noticed that when the density of forests increased, this has a positive effect on organic carbon storage. We presented and discussed examples of different rotation strategies in the context of their impact on CO2 accumulation. We analysed issues related to obtaining wood raw material and possible further storage of coal or its release into the atmosphere. We have recognized that proper forest soil management is important for CO2 accumulation. Therefore, another part of the research was devoted to the discussion on the role of soil in the process of CO2 accumulation. We discussed examples of using soil for forest and non-forest purposes, looking for the answer: how does this affect CO2 accumulation? In addition, we analysed the impact of soil moisture on processes related to CO2 storage. In our research, we critically treated wood storage as a method of reducing CO2. We also discussed the problem of treating wood as a source of bioenergy. We came to the conclusion that wood as an energy source can have a positive effect on CO2 reduction. The condition is, however, that energy produced from wood replaces energy from fossil fuels. Finally, we presented and discussed financial and legal issues related to CO2 reduction activities involving forests. We have found that attempts to commercialize CO2 emission reduction units for emissions generated in forests should be linked to the environmental responsibility of companies, and as such, should not be included in the current emissions’ trading policies. In the article, we also present a Polish proposal to run coal farms. We discuss their importance in the context of the issues discussed in this article.
Źródło:
Folia Forestalia Polonica. Series A . Forestry; 2019, 61, 4; 299-318
0071-6677
Pojawia się w:
Folia Forestalia Polonica. Series A . Forestry
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Zastosowanie naziemnego skanowania laserowego w inwentaryzacji lasu – przegląd wybranych zagadnień
Application of terrestrial laser scanning in forest inventory – an overview of selected issues
Autorzy:
Krok, G.
Kraszewski, B.
Sterenczak, K.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2142615.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Instytut Badawczy Leśnictwa
Tematy:
lidAr
point cloud
forestry
remote sensing
chmura punktów
leśnictwo
teledetekcja
Opis:
precise determination of forest resources is one of the most important tasks in conducting sustainable forest management. Accurate information about the forest’s resources allows for a better planning of current and future management as well as conservation activities. Such precise information is needed by both, individual forest managers and for developing the national forest policy. In recent years, interest in the use of remote sensing in forest inventory has significantly increased. remote sensing allows for non-invasive measurements and the automation of data processing. the most accurate source of remote sensing data at the level of the sample plot is terrestrial laser scanning ( tlS). Its use in forest inventory has been studied for about two decades. this paper aims to introduce studies on state of the art tlS technology as well as provide an overview of research conducted in stands within the temperate climate zone. this article furthermore discusses issues such as tlS data acquisition, data proces- sing and presents results for the estimation of tree biometric features.
Źródło:
Leśne Prace Badawcze; 2020, 81, 4; 175-194
1732-9442
2082-8926
Pojawia się w:
Leśne Prace Badawcze
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Sustainable forest management in Poland - theory and practice
Autorzy:
Kruk, H.
Kornatowska, B.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/38596.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Instytut Badawczy Leśnictwa
Tematy:
sustainable development
forest function
forestry
forest management
Polska
theory
practice
Opis:
The conception of sustainable development has been implemented into practice in numerous economic sectors, including forestry. Forest ecosystems are extremely important in the global ecological system, therefore maintenance and appropriate management of forest resources according to sustainable development principles have engaged a great deal of attention. The concept of sustainable forest management (SFM) encompasses three dimensions: ecological, economic and social. A powerful tool to promote SFM are criteria and indicators. The aim of the article was evaluation of SFM in Poland, using one of the methods proposed by the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO). According to data available, Polish forestry has a number of advantages: Poland has avoided the problem of deforestation, forest area has been permanently increasing, there has been observed improvement of forest health and vitality as well as a significant share of forests has carried out protective functions with no impact on timber production. Poland’s model of SFM is an adaptive process of balancing the ever-changing set of economic, environmental and social expectations. Such a complicated undertaking requires constant assessing and adjusting forest practices, in response to new circumstances, scientific advances and societal input.
Źródło:
Folia Forestalia Polonica. Series A . Forestry; 2014, 56, 1
0071-6677
Pojawia się w:
Folia Forestalia Polonica. Series A . Forestry
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Seed orchards in Ukraine: past, present and prospects for the future
Autorzy:
Hayda, Yuriy
Los, Svitlana
Yatsyk, Roman
Tereshchenko, Larisa
Shlonchak, Grygoriy
Mytrochenko, Valentyna
Neyko, Ihor
Samodai, Viacheslav
Smashnyuk, Ludmila
Klisz, Marcin
Mohytych, Vasyl
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2041961.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Instytut Badawczy Leśnictwa
Tematy:
seed orchard
forest seed material
Ukrainian forestry
forest breeding
seed production
Opis:
The seed orchards (SO) serve possibilities to collect seeds from the selected genotypes or to create artificial population throughout the controlled crossing of the target genotypes. Therefore, the seed material obtained from the clonal and seedling seed orchards offers unique opportunity to improve the genetic value of seeds. Thus, the seed orchards are considered as an important part of the forest seed base being the key object for both modern forestry and forestry research. This paper outlines the forest breeding activities associated with the seed production in the seed orchards in Ukraine over the last 70 years. During this period, the different aspects related to the establishment and management of the seed orchard were studied. In these processes, many failures had occurred, their causes and consequences were described. These main breeding activities were reported considering plain and mountain regions of Ukraine as well as specific aspects of the reproduction of the main forest tree species. As of 2019, the total area of the clonal seed orchards (CSO) reached 1040.3 ha, while seedling seed orchards (SSO) only 273.7 ha. The results of research on the growth, reproductive development, the morphology of the plus trees clones in the SO were generalized. The article on the current problems and challenges for Ukrainian forestry mainly related to forest tree breeding and there was also focus on forest seed industry. For the main forest trees species (Scots pine, English oak and other), targeted breeding programs should be developed. It is relevant to create the genetic bank of the forest seeds.
Źródło:
Folia Forestalia Polonica. Series A . Forestry; 2019, 61, 4; 284-298
0071-6677
Pojawia się w:
Folia Forestalia Polonica. Series A . Forestry
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Regional governance in rural development programmes - which role for forestry?
Autorzy:
Giessen, L.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/38375.pdf
Data publikacji:
2009
Wydawca:
Instytut Badawczy Leśnictwa
Tematy:
regional governance
rural development
integrated development
programme
forestry
Leader Pilot Programme
Opis:
Rural development policies lately take an inter-sectoral area-based approach. This turn raises questions relating to governance on the one hand and issues relating to the participation of different sectors therein on the other. In this paper I present a case study from Germany, focussing on three area-based rural development funding programmes, two temporary pilot programmes and a mainstream scheme. The concept of regional governance is shown to play a crucial role in the implementation of pilot programmes, while mainstream policy only partly is affected. Forestry as a sector was found to only play a minor role in such processes of regional governance. This paper reveals sector – internal as well as – external causes of this phenomenon and closed with conclusions on how to (sector-internally and – externally) enhance forestry participation to area-based rural development programmes.
Źródło:
Folia Forestalia Polonica. Series A . Forestry; 2009, 51, 1
0071-6677
Pojawia się w:
Folia Forestalia Polonica. Series A . Forestry
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Women forest dwellers daily use of forests in Poland
Autorzy:
Nowacka, W.L.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/38307.pdf
Data publikacji:
2009
Wydawca:
Instytut Badawczy Leśnictwa
Tematy:
woman
forest dweller
forest
use
Polska
small town
rural community
forest resource
forestry
Opis:
Forests are playing an important role especially for inhabitants of small towns and rural communities. The goal of the research was characterization of the actual means and directions of the use of forest resources by small communities, with emphasis on the importance of women. The objective of the research was to determine most important ways of use of forests in rural areas and their role in social development of families. This paper discusses achievements of survey done in Poland. Data were collected through quantitative questionnaires. A total of more than 1000 female inhabitants responses are statistically worked out and partly presented in this paper.
Źródło:
Folia Forestalia Polonica. Series A . Forestry; 2009, 51, 1
0071-6677
Pojawia się w:
Folia Forestalia Polonica. Series A . Forestry
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Forests, forestry and space management in climate change scenarios
Autorzy:
Paschalis-Jakubowicz, P.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/38335.pdf
Data publikacji:
2009
Wydawca:
Instytut Badawczy Leśnictwa
Tematy:
forest
forestry
space management
climate change
scenario
rural development
forest resource
forest management
Opis:
The necessity to combine forest resource management with regional development is a social requirement. The halting of the forestry marginalization trend is the result, among other things, of the lack of strong links between forest management and local communities’ development, as well as the lack of a holistic approach to the space management principles. The paper analyses the causes and possibilities of solving forest, forestry and regional development problems.
Źródło:
Folia Forestalia Polonica. Series A . Forestry; 2009, 51, 1
0071-6677
Pojawia się w:
Folia Forestalia Polonica. Series A . Forestry
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Forests and rural development in the light of global change - a perspective of mountain forests
Autorzy:
Jandl, R.
Stohr, D.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/38477.pdf
Data publikacji:
2009
Wydawca:
Instytut Badawczy Leśnictwa
Tematy:
forest
rural development
global change
perspective
mountain forest
ecosystem service
mountain region
forestry
Opis:
Mountain forests are facing substantial changes. The need to adapt forest management to climate change is overlaid by the consequences of demographic changes that alter the form of land use profoundly. The European policy is aware of the challenges and supports mountain regions by the Regulation for Rural Developments and other strategies. Regional efforts of the Forest Authorities account for the changing ownership structure in order to ensure sustainable forest management and the provision of the dependent ecosystem services.
Źródło:
Folia Forestalia Polonica. Series A . Forestry; 2009, 51, 1
0071-6677
Pojawia się w:
Folia Forestalia Polonica. Series A . Forestry
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Wyświetlanie 1-15 z 21

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