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    Wyświetlanie 1-8 z 8
    Tytuł:
    Access to Documents in Antitrust Litigation – EU and Croatian Perspective
    Autorzy:
    Butorac Malnar, Vlatka
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/530371.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2015-12-31
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydawnictwo Naukowe Wydziału Zarządzania
    Tematy:
    EU Damages Directive
    private enforcement
    cartels
    antitrust litigation
    access to documents
    access to file
    evidence in antitrust litigation
    Opis:
    The paper analyses access to documents in cartel-based damages cases from the EU and Croatian perspective. It considers all relevant EU and Croatian legislation and case-law primarily focusing on the expected impact of the newly enacted Damages Directive. It is argued that the new rules on access to documents provided by the Directive will not necessarily have a significant impact on damages proceedings following cartel decisions issued by the Commission. This is due to the introduction of an absolute ban on the disclosure of leniency statements and settlement submissions via a ‘maximum harmonization’ rule. This conclusion is drawn from statistic figures showing that EU cartel enforcement rests solely on the leniency and settlement procedures. With that in mind, it is concluded that the Directive’s general, permissive rules on access to documents (other than leniency and settlement procedures) will not be applicable in most damages cases following the cartel infringement decision issued by the Commission. However, it is also observed that the Damages Directive’s new rules on access to documents may have the opposite impact on private enforcement in cases following infringement decisions issued by National Competition Authorities (NCAs) which do not rely as much on leniency in their fight against cartels as the Commission. The Directive’s general rule on access to documents will apply in jurisdictions such as Croatia, where all of its cartel decisions so far have been reached within the regular procedure. It is argued that the general access rule, coupled with other rules strengthening the position of claimants in antitrust damages proceedings, might actually be beneficial for both public and private enforcement in such jurisdictions.
    Źródło:
    Yearbook of Antitrust and Regulatory Studies; 2015, 8(12); 127-160
    1689-9024
    2545-0115
    Pojawia się w:
    Yearbook of Antitrust and Regulatory Studies
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Collecting Evidence Through Access to Competition Authorities’ Files – Interplay or Potential Conflicts Between Private and Public Enforcement Proceedings?
    Autorzy:
    Gulińska, Anna
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/529935.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2015-12-31
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydawnictwo Naukowe Wydziału Zarządzania
    Tematy:
    competition
    cartels
    private enforcement
    damages actions
    leniency
    Damages Directive
    access to file
    Opis:
    Information asymmetry between claimants seeking damages for competition law violations and the alleged infringing undertaking(s) is a key problem in the development of private antitrust enforcement because it often prevents successful actions for damages. The Damages Directive is a step forward in the facilitation of access to evidence relevant for private action claims. Its focus lies on, inter alia, 3rd party access to files in proceedings conducted by national competition authorities (NCAs). The harmonization was triggered by the inconsistencies in European case-law and yet the uniform rules on access to documents held in NCAs’ files proposed in the Damages Directive seem to follow a very stringent approach in order to protect public competition law enforcement. The article summarizes the most relevant case-law and new provisions of the Damages Directive and presents practical issues with respect to its implementation from the Polish perspective.
    Źródło:
    Yearbook of Antitrust and Regulatory Studies; 2015, 8(12); 161-180
    1689-9024
    2545-0115
    Pojawia się w:
    Yearbook of Antitrust and Regulatory Studies
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Regional Court in Brno on Cartels in 2012. Case comments to judgments in CRT cartel and GIS cartel
    Autorzy:
    Pipková, Petra Joanna
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/530215.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2013-12-01
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydawnictwo Naukowe Wydziału Zarządzania
    Tematy:
    access to files
    cartels
    leniency
    liability of the concern
    ne bis in idem principle
    Źródło:
    Yearbook of Antitrust and Regulatory Studies; 2013, 6(8); 251-260
    1689-9024
    2545-0115
    Pojawia się w:
    Yearbook of Antitrust and Regulatory Studies
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    The Impact of EU Law on a National Competition Authoritys Leniency Programme – the Case of Poland
    Autorzy:
    Sitarek, Piotr
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/530320.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2014
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydawnictwo Naukowe Wydziału Zarządzania
    Tematy:
    competition law
    leniency, antitrust damages actions
    access to evidence
    procedural autonomy
    efficiency
    public enforcement
    private enforcement
    Opis:
    This paper is devoted to the impact of EU law on national leniency programmes, especially the Polish one. It analyses the jurisprudence of the Court of Justice in Pfleiderer, Donau Chemie and Schenker and identifies three specific areas of potential EU influence on national leniency programmes. The impact of EU law on the rules of access to leniency documents is analysed in detail on the basis of both EU and Polish law and taking into account the Draft Directive on Antitrust Damages Actions. The paper covers also the extent to which the principle of effectiveness of EU law limits the procedural autonomy of Member States in regard to their leniency programmes. This analysis covers both “negative conditions”, that is, elements of national leniency programmes which are incompatible with EU law, and “positive conditions”, in order words, those elements of domestic leniency programmes which are seen as necessary for securing their effectiveness.
    L'article concerne l'influence du droit de l‘Union européenne sur les programmes de clémence nationaux, en particulier le programme polonais. La jurisprudence de la Cour de justice de l’Union européenne est analysée, surtout les arrêts en Pfleiderer, Donau Chemie et Schenker. Les trois avenues de l'influence du droit européen sur le programme de clémence sont identifiés – les règles d'accès aux confessions des entreprises bénéficiaires de la clémence, qui sont analysées en détaille, les limitations des programmes nationaux de clémence à cause du principe d'effectivité et les obligations des autorités nationales de concurrence d’assurer l'effectivité des programmes de clémence
    Źródło:
    Yearbook of Antitrust and Regulatory Studies; 2014, 7(9); 185-216
    1689-9024
    2545-0115
    Pojawia się w:
    Yearbook of Antitrust and Regulatory Studies
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Who Controls Polish Transmission Masts? At the Intersection of Antitrust and Regulation
    Autorzy:
    Sage, Ewelina D.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/530191.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2010-12-01
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydawnictwo Naukowe Wydziału Zarządzania
    Tematy:
    antitrust enforcement
    sector specific regulation
    telecoms
    market 18
    transmission infrastructure
    ‘relevant’ market
    access to infrastructure
    co-operation procedures
    procedural intertwining
    Opis:
    This paper will be devoted to the most acute point of intersection between sector specific regulation and the enforcement of competition law – a parallel scrutiny of the market position and behaviour of EMITEL TP, an incumbent infrastructure holder in the Polish broadcasting transmission field, by the national telecoms regulator and the antitrust authority. After presenting the relevant EU background, the discussion will focus on four basic factors that have influenced the relationship between antitrust and regulation in this case. The peculiarities of national legislation transposing the EU liberalisation package will be considered first, followed by the state of competition in Polish telecoms and the potential existence of prohibited market practices. Emphasis will be placed here on the use of the antitrust concept of relevant market definition in the framework of sector-specific regulation. The analysis will continue with an assessment of the differences between the two types of market intervention noted by the authorities in the context of a potential competence dispute. In conclusion, the need will be presented to shift the current focus placed on the separation of antitrust enforcement and regulation, which has made them both ineffective in achieving their purpose, towards that of their combination in order to facilitate the emergence of competition in the Polish broadcasting transmission services field.
    L’article concerne le point le plus aigu d’intersection entre la réglementation sectorielle et le renforcement de la loi de concurrence – le contrôle parallèle de la position sur le marche et le comportement de EMITEL TP, le propriétaire d’infrastructure dans le domaine de la radiodiffusion en Pologne, par le régulateur national des télécommunications et l’autorité chargée de la politique de concurrence. Après avoir présenté le contexte de l’UE, la discussion se concentrera sur quatre facteurs clés qui ont influencé les relations entre les politiques de concurrence et la réglementation sectorielle dans ce cas-là. Les particularités de la législation nationale transposant le train de mesures de libéralisation de l’EU seront considérées d’abord, suivies par l’état de concurrence dans les télécommunications en Pologne et l’existence potentielle des pratiques du marche interdites. L’emphase sera mise ici sur l’usage de la définition du marché en cause aux fins du droit de la concurrence, dans le cadre de la réglementation sectorielle. Dans la partie suivante, l’analyse sera centrée sur l’évaluation de la différence entre les deux types d’intervention sur le marche notés par les autorités dans le contexte d’ un conflit possible en matière de compétence. Dans la conclusion, le besoin de tourner l’attention mise actuellement sur la séparation du renforcement de la loi de concurrence et la réglementation sectorielle, qui les avait faits inefficaces en atteignant leurs objectifs, vers la combinaison de les deux, afin de faciliter l’émergence de la concurrence dans le domaine des services de radiodiffusion.
    Źródło:
    Yearbook of Antitrust and Regulatory Studies; 2010, 3(3); 133-163
    1689-9024
    2545-0115
    Pojawia się w:
    Yearbook of Antitrust and Regulatory Studies
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    How to Facilitate Damage Claims? Private Enforcement of Competition Rules in Croatia – Domestic and EU Law Perspective
    Autorzy:
    Pecotić Kaufman, Jasminka
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/530231.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2012-11-30
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydawnictwo Naukowe Wydziału Zarządzania
    Tematy:
    private enforcement
    Croatia
    liability for damages
    prejudicial question
    binding effect
    access to evidence
    limitation periods
    standing
    indirect purchasers
    passing-on defence
    collective protection
    harmful act
    fault
    causal link
    types of harm
    scope of damages
    Opis:
    Ever since the Croatian Competition Agency started functioning in 1997, public enforcement of competition law has been the norm. Civil actions for breaches of competition law have been the exception in Croatia. The existing legislation in the area of competition law makes no effort to incentivise private enforcement. There are no specific rules in the Competition Act 2009 dedicated to civil actions, except a single provision that assigns jurisdiction over damages claims to commercial courts. General tort law is applicable in order to prove damages. A number of issues arise here mostly due to the complexity of competition cases. These issues were described in the European Commission’s White Paper on Damages Actions for Breach of EC Antitrust Rules (2008). The level of uncertainty as regards the outcome of the claim is high. It seems that special rules need to be adopted in Croatia in order to improve the position of the injured side. The paper deals with a number of procedural and substantive law issues relevant to the facilitation of civil proceedings for antitrust damages. A domestic law perspective is applied taking into account recent developments in EU competition law and policy.
    Depuis 1997 quand l'Agence croate de la concurrence a commencé à fonctionner, l'exécution publique de droit de la concurrence a constitué la norme. Les actions civiles pour violation du droit de la concurrence ont été une exception en Croatie. La législation en vigueur dans le domaine du droit de la concurrence ne succite pas l’exécution par des particuliers. Il n'y a pas de règles spécifiques dans la Loi sur la concurrence de 2009 consacrées aux actions civiles, à l'exception d'une seule disposition qui attribue la compétence à l'égard des demandes d'indemnisation aux tribunaux commerciaux. La responsabilité délictuelle générale est applicable afin de prouver les dommages. Un certain nombre de questions se posent ici principalement en raison de la complexité des affaires de concurrence. Ils ont été décrits dans le Livre blanc sur les actions en dommages et intérêts pour infraction aux règles communautaires sur les ententes et les abus de position dominante (2008). Le niveau d'incertitude quant à l'issue de la demande est élevé. Il semble que des règles spéciales doivent être adoptées en Croatie afin d'améliorer la position de la partie lésée. Le document traite sur un certain nombre de questions de droit procédural et droit de fond relatives à la facilitation des procédures civiles en ce qui concerne les dommages suite à des violations du droit de la concurrence. Le point de vue du droit interne est appliqué en tenant compte des développements récents en droit et politique de la concurrence.
    Źródło:
    Yearbook of Antitrust and Regulatory Studies; 2012, 5(7); 13-54
    1689-9024
    2545-0115
    Pojawia się w:
    Yearbook of Antitrust and Regulatory Studies
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Directive (EU) 2019/1 as Another Brick into Empowerment of Slovak Market Regulator
    Autorzy:
    Kováčiková, Hana
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2159130.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2019-12-12
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydawnictwo Naukowe Wydziału Zarządzania
    Tematy:
    competition law
    Antimonopoly Office
    safeguards
    principle of good
    administration
    right to the defence
    right to be heard
    right to access the file
    conflict of interest
    effectivity
    enforcement
    avoidance of responsibility
    Opis:
    The paper analyses the legal challenges brought to the Slovak competition law by Directive (EU) 2019/1 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 11 December 2018 to empower the competition authorities of the Member States to be more effective enforcers and to ensure the proper functioning of the internal market. The author selected particular issues from Slovak competition law and compares the state-of-the-art national situation with corresponding parts of this harmonising act. In the paper, specific attention will be given to compliance with safeguards, to the regulation of conflict of interest, to the examination of the effectiveness of enforcement, and to the possibilities of undertakings to avoid their responsibility for the breach of competition law. As the Member States have time for the transposition until 4 February 2021, this paper may initiate the debate on what to improve in Slovak legislation to achieve the goals set in this Directive.
    L’article analyse les défis juridiques qui ont été soumis au droit slovaque de la concurrence par la directive (UE) 1/2019 afin d’habiliter les autorités de concurrence des États membres à mieux faire respecter les règles et à assurer le bon fonctionnement du marché intérieur. L’auteur a choisi des questions particulières du droit slovaque de la concurrence et il compare la situation nationale actuelle avec les éléments correspondants de la présente loi d’harmonisation. Dans cet article, une attention particulière est accordée au respect des garanties, à la réglementation des conflits d’intérêts, à l’examen de l’efficacité de l’application et à la possibilité pour les entreprises d’éviter leur responsabilité en cas de violation du droit de la concurrence. Du fait que les États membres ont jusqu’au 4 février 2021 pour transposer la directive, le présent article peut lancer le débat sur les améliorations à apporter à la legislation slovaque pour concrétiser les objectifs fixés dans cette directive.
    Źródło:
    Yearbook of Antitrust and Regulatory Studies; 2019, 12, 20; 149-172
    1689-9024
    2545-0115
    Pojawia się w:
    Yearbook of Antitrust and Regulatory Studies
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    The interaction between EU competition law procedures and fundamental rights protection: The case of the right to be heard
    Autorzy:
    Beumer, Elsbeth
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/530002.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2014
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydawnictwo Naukowe Wydziału Zarządzania
    Tematy:
    article 6 ECHR
    article 47 Charter
    article 41 Charter
    fundamental rights as a general principle of EU law
    public enforcement
    defense rights
    right to be heard
    right to access documents
    Opis:
    This paper analyses the jurisprudence of the European Court of Human Rights on the rights of defense as enshrined in Article 6 of the European Convention on Human Rights. In particular, it assesses Strasbourg jurisprudence on the right to be heard and on the right to access documents. The paper considers whether the practice in EU competition law procedures complies with the fair trial standards that follow from Strasbourg judgments. Based on this assessment, the paper provides an answer to the question whether there is an overcompensation or undercompensation of fundamental rights protection in EU competition law procedures.
    Ce rapport analyse la jurisprudence de la Cour Européenne des droits de l’homme sur les droits de la défense stipulés dans l’article 6 de la Convention européenne des droits de l’homme. Principalement, il apporte une analyse de la jurisprudence sur le droit d’être entendu et le droit d’accès aux documents. Le rapport considère si la pratique dans le droit de la concurrence de l’UE est en accord avec les normes d’un procès équitable découlées de la jurisprudence de Strasbourg. De cela, ce rapport répond à la question s’il y a une surcompensation quant à la protection des droits fundamentaux dans les procédures en droit de la concurrence, ou plutôt le contraire
    Źródło:
    Yearbook of Antitrust and Regulatory Studies; 2014, 7(10); 9-34
    1689-9024
    2545-0115
    Pojawia się w:
    Yearbook of Antitrust and Regulatory Studies
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
      Wyświetlanie 1-8 z 8

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