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    Tytuł:
    Ligninolityczne właściwości izolatów Heterobasidion parviporum w hodowli na drewnie świerka
    Ligninolytic activity of Heterobasidion parviporum isolates in cultivation on Norway spruce wood
    Autorzy:
    Żółciak, A.
    Bohacz, J.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/989467.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2016
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    lesnictwo
    fitopatologia lesna
    grzyby
    Heterobasidion parviporum
    izolaty grzybowe
    aktywnosc lignolityczna
    enzymy lignolityczne
    lakaza
    peroksydaza manganozalezna
    peroksydaza ligninowa
    peroksydaza "versatile"
    rozklad drewna
    drewno bielu
    drewno twardzieli
    drewno swierkowe
    biodegradacja
    laccase
    manganese peroxidase
    lignin peroxidase
    versatile peroxidase
    hydroxy−
    methoxyphenols
    sapwood
    heartwood
    norway spruce wood
    Opis:
    The aim of this preliminary study was to assess the activity of laccase, diverse peroxidases as well as the level of micromolecular compounds in Heterobasidion parviporum isolates grown on pieces of Norway spruce wood (sapwood and heartwood) during 50 days of incubation under the laboratory conditions. H. parviporum isolates secreted extracellular enzymes: laccase, manganese peroxidase (MnP), lignin peroxidase (LiP) and versatile peroxidase (VP). Hydroxy− and methoxyphenols were also released during this process. The above−mentioned enzymes showed low activity in mycelium grown on both sapwood and heartwood. The activity of laccase ranged from 0 to 0.513 mU/mg protein on sapwood, and from 0 to 0.106 mU/mg protein – on heartwood. MnP activity of H. parviporum isolates ranged from 0.024 to 0.667 mU/mg protein on sapwood, and from 0.038 to 1.585 mU/mg protein – on heartwood. LiP activity was small and ranged from 0 to 1.281 mU/mg protein on sapwood, and from 0.013 to 0.166 mU/mg protein – on heartwood. Activity of VP oxidizing manganese ions was low. It ranged from 0 to 3.063 mU/mg protein on sapwood, and from 0.059 to 3.054 mU/mg protein – on heartwood. The activity of VP oxidizing guaiacol ranged from 0.006 to 1.490 mU/mg protein on sapwood and from 0.038 to 1.147 mU/mg protein – on heartwood. The hydroxyphenols produced by H. parviporum isolates ranged from 15.037 to 110.149 mg of protocatechuic acid/ml on sapwood, and from 11.236 to 27.220 mg of protocatechuic acid/ml – on heartwood. Methoxyphenols produced by H. parviporum isolates ranged from 3.393 to 24.253 mg of vanillic acid/ml on sapwood, and from 4.955 to 12.005 mg of vanillic acid/ml – on heartwood.
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 2016, 160, 12; 1027-1035
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Wpływ wskaźnika zadrzewienia drzewostanu na wybrane cechy makrostruktury i gęstość drewna świerkowego (Picea abies (L.) Karst.)
    Effect of stand density index on selected features of macrostructure and density of Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.) wood
    Autorzy:
    Michalec, K.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/978906.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2020
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    tree−ring width
    latewood proportion
    wood density
    Norway spruce
    Opis:
    The aim of the study was to determine the influence of stand density index on the tree−ring width, latewood proportion and wood density for Norway spruce. Study sites were located as follows: 12 within the north−eastern species range in Poland, 7 in the south−western range, in the Sudety Mts., and 9 in the Carpathians (southern range). Clustering stands according to their stand density index, 10 data groups were established: stand density index values from 0.3 to 1.2. The study plots were 100×100 m squares. On each plot 15 trees were chosen and increment cores were sampled using the Pressler borer. The smoothed cores served for measuring the width of annual rings, latewood zones and the share of latewood as well as for determination of relative wood density. The performed analyses indicate that mean tree−ring width was the highest in trees from stands with density index from 0.3 to 0.8 (with the exception of 0.7), whereas the it was gradually decreasing in stands with index higher than 0.9. The statistically significant differences between the analyzed stands were observed (p<0.0001). The analysis of the influence of stand density index and the width of annual rings revealed significant, negative weak correlation (r=–0.242, p<0.001). In turn, the latewood proportion was the highest in trees from stands characterised by the highest stand density index and the lowest in trees from stands with the lowest one. The differences between analyzed groups of stands were statistically significant (p<0.0001), as well as the correlation which was significant, positive and weak (r=0.269, p<0.001). Wood density was the highest in trees from stands with the highest stand density index (1.1 – 363 kg/m3 i 1.2 – 365 kg/m3) as well as in those from stands characterised by 0.7 density index (369 kg/m3). Significant differences were observed (p<0.0001) only between stand density index 0.3−0.7 and 0.7−0.8. Significant correlation was not observed.
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 2020, 164, 09; 719-725
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Związek typu ugałęzienia świerka pospolitego (Picea abies (L.) Karst.) z jakością surowca drzewnego
    Relationships between Norway spruce [Picea abies [L.] Karst.] branching type and timber
    Autorzy:
    Michalec, K.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1015618.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2008
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    typ ugalezienia
    drewno swierkowe
    Picea abies
    lesnictwo
    jakosc
    wady drewna
    swierk pospolity
    drzewa lesne
    norway spruce
    branching type
    timber quality
    wood defects
    Opis:
    As there are different views concerning the relationship between branching type and timber quality, the present paper attempts to evaluate this relationship. The studies were carried out on 32 sample plots located within the boundaries of two natural ranges of Norway spruce in Poland: north−eastern and south−western. The selected trees were examined for the type of branching, height and diameter at breast height, timber quality, size classes or groups in a butt−end section, and kinds or varieties of wood defects having an effect on timber grade classification. The analyses did not show any clear relationship between branching type and timber quality of Norway spruce.
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 2008, 152, 06; 33-43
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Zbiorowiska grzybów mikroskopijnych zasiedlających martwe drewno świerkowe w Tatrzańskim Parku Narodowym
    Composition of microscopic fungi associated with the spruce dead wood in the Tatra National Park
    Autorzy:
    Pusz, W.
    Zwijacz-Kozica, T.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/987204.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2017
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    lesnictwo
    Tatrzanski Park Narodowy
    obszary ochrony scislej
    obszary uzytkowane gospodarczo
    drewno sosnowe
    drewno martwe
    zasiedlenie
    grzyby mikroskopowe
    sklad gatunkowy
    stopien rozkladu drewna
    dead wood
    fungi
    norway spruce
    tatra national park
    Opis:
    The aim of this research was to determine the composition of microscopic fungi colonizing Norway spruce dead wood depending on the degree of decomposition of wood and the location in the Tatra National Park (TPN; southern Poland). The work included lying and standing dead wood of Norway spruce as well as tree stumps. The sampling plots were located in the Białka Valley (eastern part of the TPN) where the forests are unmanaged and area is mostly under strict pro− tection, and in the western part of the Park, in the Chochołowska Valley, where the majority of forests is privately owned and managed (landscape protection). Samples were collected three times in the growing season, in spring, summer and autumn 2016. The sampling plots were located in the forests covered by different forms of protection: strict, active and landscape. The dominant microscopic fungi inhabiting analysed Norway spruce dead wood in selected regions of the Tatras are fungi belonging to Trichoderma genus: T. harzianum: T. polysporum, and T. hamatum. A much greater diversity of fungi species isolated from the dead wood was found for the Białka Valley, subjected to strict and active protection, than Chochołowska Valley, where forests are subject of the economic utilisation. More species and colonies were obtained from lying and older dead wood than from the stumps in the higher classes of distribution.
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 2017, 161, 04; 312-319
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Mykobiota w obrębie strzał zamierających świerków w Leśnym Kompleksie Promocyjnym "Puszcza Białowieska" i jej ekologiczne funkcje
    Mycobiota in trunks of dying spruce trees in the 'Puszcza Bialowieska' Promotional Forest Complex and its ecological function
    Autorzy:
    Kowalski, T.
    Sowa, J.
    Łakomy, P.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/985739.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2019
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    lesnictwo
    fitopatologia lesna
    swierk pospolity
    Picea abies
    drzewa zamierajace
    strzaly drzew
    czynniki chorobotworcze
    grzyby mikroskopowe
    Ascomycota
    Basidiomycota
    lesne kompleksy promocyjne
    Lesny Kompleks Promocyjny Puszcza Bialowieska
    norway spruce
    dying trees
    blue stain
    ascomycota
    basidiomycota
    ophiostomatoid fungi
    wood rot
    Opis:
    The European spruce bark beetle (Ips typographus) outbreak observed in the ‘Puszcza Białowieska’ Promotional Forest Complex since 2012 resulted in a total volume of 1.4 million m3 of dead trees in multiple spruce stands. The study aimed to assess the species composition of fungi occurring in spruce trunks at early stages of European spruce bark beetle attack. All the samples used in laboratory analyses were collected in 2016 and 2017 in Białowieża, Browsk, and Hajnówka forest districts. A total of 60 dying spruces selected at random were sampled providing 120 samples. Surface−sterilised samples were used in fungal isolations using malt extract agar medium. The resulting colonies were identified morphologically, additional molecular identification was carried out for representatives of morphotypes using ITS rDNA fragment. In addition to these analyses, the frequently occurring basidiomycete fungi on recently died spruce trees were identified based on the morphology of fruiting bodies. One of the most common symptoms observed on trunks of spruces at the early stages of dieback was the occurrence of sapstains starting from bark beetle galleries. In some trunks the stained wood sections were separated by rusty−red stripes. A total of 51 fungal species including 40 ascomycetes and 11 basidiomycetes were isolated from dying spruce trunks. The number of ascomycete species included 16 ophiostomatoid fungi (members of Ophiostomatales and Microascales). The frequently occurring species in this group were: Endoconidiophora polonica (=Ceratocystis polonica) (17.5%), Grosmannia penicillata (20.8%), Ophiostoma brunneolum (9.2%), O. piceae (5.8%) and O. abieticola (4.2%). Among other ascomycetes only three species were frequently isolated: Neonectria fuckeliana (15.0%), Clonostachys rosea (13.3%) and Cosmospora viridescens (9.2%). The rusty−red coloured areas harboured primarily Amylostereum areolatum and Stereum sanguinolentum. The most frequently detected basidiomycete fungus on trunks at the initial stages of dieback was Cylindrobasidium sp. (=Gloeocystidium ipidophilum), whereas Fomitopsis pinicola was the most frequent species on spruce trunks dead for some years, either standing or wind−snapped. We emphasise the potential role of the detected fungi in forest ecosystems of the Białowieża Forest, both as potential tree pathogens and decomposers of spruce debris remaining in the stand.
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 2019, 163, 06; 496-507
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
      Wyświetlanie 1-5 z 5

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