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    Wyświetlanie 1-8 z 8
    Tytuł:
    Grzyby glebowe i ich znaczenie
    Significance of the soil fungi
    Autorzy:
    Behnke-Borowczyk, J.
    Kwaśna, H.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1009423.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2010
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    gleby
    mikrobiologia gleb
    grzyby glebowe
    funkcje biologiczne
    fungi
    soil
    Opis:
    Fungi in soil perform important services related to nutrient cycling, water dynamics and disease suppression. Along with bacteria, they are important as decomposers in the soil food network. Fungi convert hard−to−digest organic material into forms that other organisms can use. They can immobilize or retain nutrients in the soil. Secondary fungal metabolites have the fungistatic properties and are used in biocontrol processes. The hyphae physically binds soil particles together, creating stable aggregates that help increase water infiltration and soil water retention capacity. Fungi help to increase the accumulation of humic−acid rich organic matter that is resistant to degradation and may stay in the soil for hundreds of year.
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 2010, 154, 12; 846-850
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Wpływ sposobu przygotowania gleby na aktywność biologiczną gleby względem patogenów korzeni w 40-letnim drzewostanie sosnowym
    Effect of pre-planting soil preparation on biological activity of soil towards root rot pathogens in 40-year-old Scots pine stand
    Autorzy:
    Kwaśna, H.
    Łakomy, P.
    Gornowicz, R.
    Borowczyk-Behnke, J.
    Kuźmiński, R.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/973542.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2015
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    lesnictwo
    przygotowanie gleby
    mikroorganizmy glebowe
    grzyby glebowe
    bakterie glebowe
    sosna zwyczajna
    Armillaria
    Heterobasidion
    leśnictwo
    uprawy leśne
    gleby leśne
    aktywność biologiczna
    drzewa leśne
    zdrowotność roślin
    stopień porażenia
    armillaria
    heterobasidion
    scots pine
    soil preparation
    soil suppressiveness
    Opis:
    Effects of pre−planting soil preparation on the clear−cut on the community structure of soil fungi and bacteria, their possible biological activity towards Armillaria and Heterobasidion, and mortality of Scots pine trees were studied in 40−year−old Scots pine plantation in Międzychód Forest District (W Poland). Pre−planting soil preparation included: (i) deep ploughing, (ii) shallow furrowing, (iii) making holes for planting, and (iv) shallow turning of the topsoil. The soil−dilution method was used for detection of fungi and bacteria in soil. Morphotyping was used for identification of fungi. Phenotypic traits and biochemical properties were used for identification of bacteria. Molecular method, MID−66 or BIOLOG® systems were additionally applied for identification of the most common bacteria. Deep furrowing, making holes for planting or shallow turning of the topsoil before planting increased abundance of fungi and bacteria in soil 40 years after treatment. Increased abundance of fungi and bacteria was associated with increased presence of taxa considered as antagonistic to Armillaria and Heterobasidion. The highest mortality of Scots pines was observed on sites with deep ploughing or shallow furrowing before planting, while the lowest mortality was found on sites with making holes for planting or shallow turning of the topsoil. The majority of dead trees were infected by H. annosum. Moderate intervention into the soil habitat on the clear−cut site before planting of Scots pine seedlings seems to create the habitat beneficial for the future growth of trees.
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 2015, 159, 02; 177-125
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Oznaczanie biomasy grzybni w glebie metodą analizy zawartości ergosterolu
    Determination of fungal biomass in soil using ergosterol content analysis
    Autorzy:
    Szwajkowska-Michałek, L.
    Kwaśna, H.
    Perkowski, J.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/990960.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2014
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    lesnictwo
    gleby lesne
    grzyby glebowe
    biomasa
    oznaczanie
    zawartosc ergosterolu
    metody badan
    metody chemiczne
    ergosterol
    microbiological and chemical analysis of soil
    damping−off fungi
    Opis:
    The presence of microorganisms in the substrate is detected with increasing frequency using chemical methods. During the first 9 weeks ergosterol concentration in sterile or not sterile soil inoculated with one of the damping−off fungi reached 966 μg/g, while number of colony forming units (cfu) went up to 247×103 cfu/g. Ergosterol concentration was correlated with the size of the soil fungal community estimated in terms of the number of colony forming units in soil. Pearson's correlation coefficient was 0.700−0.946 for sterile and not sterile soil. Higher content of ergosterol was observed for F. sambucinum var. sambucinum, H. haematococca and T. cucumeris while higher average content of cfu was observed for H. haematococca and T. cucumeris.
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 2014, 158, 03; 203-211
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Struktura gatunkowa grzybów owadobójczych w glebie rezerwatu Jata
    Species structure of entomopathogenic fungi in the soil of Jata Nature Reserve
    Autorzy:
    Augustyniak-Kram, A.
    Mazurkiewicz, I.
    Kram, K.J.
    Uss, G.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/994449.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2013
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    rezerwaty przyrody
    rezerwat Jata
    gleby
    grzyby glebowe
    grzyby owadobojcze
    wystepowanie
    sklad gatunkowy
    Beauveria bassiana
    Isaria farinosa
    Isaria fumosorosea
    Metarhizium anisopliae
    Lecanicillium lecanii
    metody badan
    owady pulapkowe
    entomopathogenic fungi
    hypocreales
    jata nature reserve
    Opis:
    Study determines the species composition and frequency of entomopathogenic fungi in the soil of Jata Nature Reserve (E Poland). Fungi were isolated from soil samples by 'insect bait method' with Galleria mellonella and Tenebrio molitor larvae. We found five species of entomopathogenic fungi: Beauveria bassiana, Isaria farinosa, I. fumosorosea, Metarhizium anisopliae and Lecanicillium lecanii. The two most common species M. anisopliae and I. farinosa comprised 50.1% and 21.8% of the total number of the infected insects, respectively. Species composition of entomopathogenic fungi in the examined stands and the number of infected insects differed significantly depending on the sampling season and insect used as bait.
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 2013, 157, 08; 572-577
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Zastosowanie regionu ITS1/2 rDNA i 18S rDNA do badania mykobioty gleby leśnej
    Use of ITS1/2 rDNA and 18S rDNA in studies of the forest soil mycobiota
    Autorzy:
    Behnke-Borowczyk, J.
    Kwaśna, H.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/989532.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2016
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    lesnictwo
    gleby lesne
    mikroorganizmy glebowe
    grzyby glebowe
    struktura zbiorowisk
    metody badan
    metody molekularne
    DNA rybosomalny
    region ITS1/2
    region 18S
    detection
    forest
    its1/2 rdna
    ns1
    ns2
    18s rdna
    microorganisms
    mycobiota
    soil
    Opis:
    The aim of the studies was to check the usefulness of ITS1/2 rDNA and 18S rDNA regions in the molecular investigation of forest soil microbiota structure. Soil studied, originated from a 1−year−old plantation and a 40−year old stand of Scots pine located in Bierzwnik and Międzychów forest districts located 200 km apart. The hypothesis assumed that both approaches lead to the discovery of abundant microbiota communities with different structures and with rare common species. The environmental DNA was extracted with a Power Soil ® DNA Isolation Kit from two soil samples in each site. The ITS1/2 rDNA was amplified with specific primers ITS1 and ewfitsrev 1, and 18S rDNA with universal primers NS1 and NS2. PCR products were cloned into pGEM−T Easy. Inserts were primarily selected in blue/white screening on a X−gal medium. Representative clones were further selected in two separate RFLP analyses with HhaI and BsuRI restriction enzymes. Representative clones purified and sequenced using the Sanger Method in the DNA Research Centre (Poznań). Each sequence was identified to the lowest taxonomic rank. Ninety to 233 clones with DNA of 5−44 taxa including 3−37 taxa of fungi were obtained from 4 samples of soil. After application of ITS1/2 rDNA and 18S rDNA, the fungal DNA was detected respectively in 89,60−100,00% and 11,77−64,8% clones and the number of fungal species detected was respectively 12−37 and 3−19. Fungi were represented by four orders: Chytridiomycota, Zygomycota, Ascomycota and Basidiomycota. Both primers also amplified also DNA of other organisms (mostly from Animalia and Protista Kingdom) represented by 0−9 taxa. If compared, the application of forest soil microbiota structure with ITS1/2 rDNA and 18S rDNA led to detect a lower abundance of fungi and a bigger abundance of other organisms. Considering the higher number of clones and taxa recognized, the region of ITS1/2 rDNA was more effective in the studies of the soil microbiota structure. The region of 18S rDNA was efficient in local detection of Chytridiomycota and Zygomycota and of rare species of fungi from Ascomycota and Basidiomycota. Despite the deficiency of NCBI database the use of the 18S rDNA region in studies on fungal community the region should be included in molecular studies of fungal diversity. It is concluded that studies on the biodiversity of soil microorganisms need the application of a few independent methods of detection and identification.
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 2016, 160, 07; 564-572
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Struktura zbiorowisk grzybów i bakterii w glebie 1-rocznej uprawy i 10-letniego młodnika w zależności od sposobu przygotowania gleby
    Structure of fungal and bacterial communities in 1-year and 10-year-old plantations of Scots pine after different pre-planting preparation of soil
    Autorzy:
    Kwaśna, H.
    Łakomy, P.
    Gornowicz, R.
    Mikiciński, A.
    Borowczyk-Behnke, J.
    Gałązka, S.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/989686.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2015
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    lesnictwo
    uprawy lesne
    uprawy sosnowe
    mlodniki sosnowe
    sosna zwyczajna
    Pinus sylvestris
    przygotowanie gleby
    gleby lesne
    aktywnosc biologiczna
    grzyby glebowe
    bakterie glebowe
    wystepowanie
    zbiorowiska bakterii
    zbiorowiska grzybow
    struktura zbiorowisk
    armillaria
    heterobasidion
    scots pine
    silvicultural techniques
    soil biological activity
    Opis:
    Effects of post−harvest wood−debris utilization and pre−planting soil preparation in clear−cut forest on the community structure of soil fungi and bacteria and their possible biological activity towards Armillaria and Heterobasidion were studied in 1− and 10−year−old Scots pine plantations in Bierzwnik and Międzychód Forest Districts (W Poland). Post−harvest wood−debris utilization included: (i) removal from the surface, (ii) spread of the coarse or chipped wood−debris on the surface and (iii) mixing of the chipped wood debris with the soil. Pre−planting soil preparation included: (i) deep furrowing, (ii) shallow turning of the topsoil, (iii) ridging and (iv) no ground preparation. The soil−dilution method was used for detection of fungi and bacteria in soil. Morphotyping was used for identification of fungi. Phenotypic traits and biochemical properties were used for identification of bacteria. Molecular method, MID−66 or BIOLOG® systems were additionally applied for identification of the most common bacteria. Removal of post−harvest wood−debris from the surface of the clear−cut land and shallow turning of the topsoil or ridging before planting increased abundance of fungi in soil of 1−year−old Scots pine plantation. Deep furrowing resulted in increased abundance of fungi and no ground preparation in increased abundance of bacteria in soil of 10−year−old Scots pine plantation. Increased abundance of fungi and bacteria was associated with increased abundance of taxa considered as antagonistic to Armillaria and Heterobasidion. Removal of the post−harvest wood debris and moderate or no mechanical intervention into the soil habitat on the clear−cut site before planting of Scots pine seedlings seems to create the habitat, which may be beneficial for the growth of young trees.
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 2015, 159, 01; 71-81
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Ocena mikologiczna zmian zachodzacych w glebie gruntu porolnego po dodaniu trocin iglastych
    Autorzy:
    Sierota, Z.
    Kwasna, H.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/825078.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    1999
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    wlasciwosci chemiczne
    grzyby
    uprawa roli
    mikroorganizmy glebowe
    gleby
    grunty porolne
    trociny iglaste
    lesnictwo
    dodatki do gleb
    aktywnosc biologiczna
    uprawy lesne
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 1999, 143, 04; 57-66
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Wpływ metodyki badań na ocenę struktury zbiorowisk mikroorganizmów w glebie leśnej
    Effect of the methodology of studies on the structure of the microorganisms communities in the forest soil
    Autorzy:
    Behnke-Borowczyk, J.
    Kwaśna, H.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/989286.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2016
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    lesnictwo
    gleby lesne
    mikroorganizmy glebowe
    grzyby mikroskopowe
    struktura zbiorowisk
    metodyka badan
    metody klasyczne
    metody molekularne
    startery NS1
    startery NS2
    DNA
    region 18S
    classical method of isolation
    fungi
    microorganisms
    ns1
    ns2
    18s rdna
    soil
    Opis:
    Two different communities of microorganisms were identified in soils by application of the classical method of fungi isolation (soil dilution, culturing on artificial media, morphotyping) and a molecular method (extraction of the environmental DNA, amplification with universal primers NS1 and NS2, cloning and sequencing of representative clones). No organisms were common to both communities. Apart from rare representatives of the Animalia, communities included single fungus−like Eucarya belonging to the Protista, Class Oomycota, and numerous fungi belonging to Chytridiomycota, Zygomycota, Ascomycota and Basidiomycota orders. In total, 88 species were identified in four soil samples. Fungi were mostly Ascomycota. The classical method was particularly effective in detection of fungi important for creation of phytosanitary conditions of soil, i.e. antagonists (Penicillium, Tolypocladium and Trichoderma) and potential stimulants (dark−pigmented Hormiactis candida, Humicola spp. and Phialophora spp.) of phytopathogens (including the common forest genera Armillaria and Heterobasidion). Application of the classical method allowed the detection of mycorrhizal Ascomycota from the genus Oidiodendron. Application of the molecular method allowed the detection of 13 mycorrhizal Basidiomycota. Although primers NS1 and NS2 were designed from a match with DNA of culturable organisms, they also amplified the DNA of non−culturable organisms. This emphasizes their potential usefulness in studies of the biodiversity of microorganisms in environmental samples. The shortage of reference sequences in the database discourages use of the 18S rDNA region in studies on fungal communities. The studies on the biodiversity of microorganisms need the application of a few independent methods of detection and identification.
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 2016, 160, 06; 492-503
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
      Wyświetlanie 1-8 z 8

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