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Wyświetlanie 1-15 z 30
Tytuł:
Spectral resolution of Cauchois-Johansson spectrometer
Autorzy:
Baronova, E. O.
Stepanenko, M. M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/147963.pdf
Data publikacji:
2001
Wydawca:
Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
Tematy:
resolution
spectrograph
X-rays
Opis:
Spectral resolution of a Cauchois-Johansson spectrometer is analyzed analytically and studied experimentally, using an X-ray tube. Widening of Mo K-alpha spectra, taken in the transmission regime are discussed. Spectral resolution is shown to be δλ/λ ≈ 1.7×10–3. This value is explained by the influence of crystal thickness and diffraction defocusing of line.
Źródło:
Nukleonika; 2001, 46, suppl. 1; 53-56
0029-5922
1508-5791
Pojawia się w:
Nukleonika
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The radiochemistry cyclotron in University of Helsinki
Autorzy:
Helariutta, K.
Hakanen, M.
Solin, O.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/146159.pdf
Data publikacji:
2003
Wydawca:
Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
Tematy:
cyclotron
F-18
radiochemistry
radiopharmacy
Opis:
The 10 MeV proton cyclotron in the Laboratory of Radiochemistry, University of Helsinki is presented. Recent activities as well as the future research and teaching directions around the cyclotron are discussed.
Źródło:
Nukleonika; 2003, 48,suppl.2; 173-174
0029-5922
1508-5791
Pojawia się w:
Nukleonika
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Effect of gamma-irradiation on aqueous solutions of Apollofix dyes
Autorzy:
Solpan, D.
Torun, M.
Güven, O.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/147642.pdf
Data publikacji:
2007
Wydawca:
Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
Tematy:
gamma irradiation
Apollofix dyes
decoloration
organic pollutants degradation
wastewater treatment
Opis:
Radiation processing has been considered as a promising process for the treatment of textile industry waste effluents. In this study, the possibility of using gamma-rays to degrade and decolorize Apollofix dyes in water has been investigated. Two different Apollofix dyes, Apollofix Red (AR) and Apollofix Yellow (AY) in aqueous solutions were irradiated in air with doses from 1.0 kGy to 8.0 kGy at a 0.14 kGy/h of dose rate. The change in absorption spectra, pH, chemical oxygen demand (COD), biological oxygen demand (BOD) and the degree of decoloration (percent reduction in optical density) were examined in the presence and absence of H2O2. The absorption bands at 534 nm and 420 nm for AR and AY were observed to decrease rapidly with increasing irradiation dose. The degree of decoloration of each dye solution with irradiation dose was estimated as 100 percent for the lower concentration (50 ppm) dye solutions. The complete decoloration was observed after 2.0 kGy and 1.0 kGy doses for AR and AY dyes. The COD and BOD reduction and the change of pH for all dye solutions on irradiation showed similar behavior.
Źródło:
Nukleonika; 2007, 52, 3; 109-113
0029-5922
1508-5791
Pojawia się w:
Nukleonika
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The natural radioactivity of the Carpathian national parks and radon evaluation
Autorzy:
Maslyuk, V. T.
Symkanich, O. I.
Svatyuk, N. I.
Parlag, O. O.
Sukharev, S. M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/971501.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
Tematy:
Carpathians
radionuclides
soils
depth content
radon
Opis:
The results of the low-background gamma spectrometric measurements of protected mountain areas (Zacharovanyy Kray, Chorne Bahno, Ihthyological Preserve Rika and Uzhanskij National Natural Park) in the region of Primeval Beech Forests of the Transcarpathia, Ukraine, are presented. The distances between sampling points in a single protected area were in the range of 200–400 m in elevation of 300 m; probes were taken from the surface, from depth 20 cm and more than 50 cm. The proposed sampling scheme allows one to investigate the radionuclide concentration in protected area’s soils, their distribution on/near the mountain ridges and migration in depth (0–50 cm). We also investigate the infl uence the soils’ pH on the contents and the migration of nuclides. The obtained data allow us to study the statistical regularities between the sampling points along and down mountain ridges on the base of their radionuclide content. These results are important for evaluating the radon content/distribution and developing standards in the radionuclide content of the soil Carpathian region.
Źródło:
Nukleonika; 2016, 61, 3; 351-356
0029-5922
1508-5791
Pojawia się w:
Nukleonika
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Implementation of a Monte Carlo method to a two-dimensional particle-in-cell solver using algebraic meshes
Autorzy:
Sengil, N.
Tümüklü, Ö.
Çelenligil, M. C.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/146470.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012
Wydawca:
Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
Tematy:
particle-in-cell (PIC)
plasma flows
Monte Carlo (MC) method
coordinate transformation
Poisson's equation
Boltzmann relation
Opis:
Particle-in-cell (PIC) technique is a widely used computational method in the simulation of low density collisionless plasma flows. In this study, a new two-dimensional (2-D) electrostatic particle-in-cell solver is developed that can be applied to non-rectangular configurations.
Źródło:
Nukleonika; 2012, 57, 2; 313-316
0029-5922
1508-5791
Pojawia się w:
Nukleonika
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Gamma-ray computed tomography as a tool to evaluate porosity changes along depth for surface crusted soils
Autorzy:
Pires, L. F.
Bacchi, O. O. S.
Reichardt, K.
Dias, N. M. P.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/146838.pdf
Data publikacji:
2007
Wydawca:
Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
Tematy:
gamma-ray attenuation
soil density
soil structure
soil surface sealing
241 Am
applied nuclear physics
gamma tomography
Opis:
Assessment of changes in porosity (ö) along depth for soils with surface crusting is difficult because conventional soil physical investigation tools are destructive and usually require a long period of time for preparation and analysis of the samples. Computed tomography (CT) has frequently been used as a method to evaluate soil structure in a nondestructive, sensitive, and rapid manner. CT data can be used for measuring at a millimetric scale changes in ö along depth for soils with surface crusting. The main objective of this work was to investigate the sensibility of the gamma-ray CT to assess soil structural changes along depth in samples presenting structural crust. CT images were taken with a first generation scanner of 1.14 mm resolution along eight different soil layers within the 0 28 mm depth. Porosity increased along depth up to the 14 17.5 mm layer. Through the analysis of the ö distribution of each layer it was possible to show that the sealed surface layer presented ö values of approximately 30%, while the other layers were greater than 30% up to 60% (macropore regions). The sealing crust thickness was estimated to be in the range of 2.3 3.5 mm.
Źródło:
Nukleonika; 2007, 52, 3; 125-131
0029-5922
1508-5791
Pojawia się w:
Nukleonika
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Caffeine degradation in water by gamma irradiation, ozonation and ozonation/gamma irradiation
Autorzy:
Torun, M.
Abbasova, D.
Şolpan, D.
Güven, O.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/146514.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
Tematy:
caffeine
effect of ozone
radiolytic decomposition
advanced oxidation process (AOPs)
caffeine decomposition
COD change
Opis:
Aqueous solutions of caffeine were treated with ozone and gamma irradiation. The amounts of remaining caffeine were determined after solid phase extraction as a function of absorbed dose and ozonation time. In addition to this, some important parameters such as inorganic ions, chemical oxygen demand (COD) dissolved oxygen and total acidity changes were followed. Caffeine (50 ppm) is found to be completely decomposed at 3.0 kGy and 1.2 kGy doses in the absence of H2O2 and in 1.20 mM H2O2 solutions, respectively. In the case of gamma irradiation after ozonation, 50 ppm caffeine was removed at 0.2 kGy when the solution was ozonized for 100 s at a rate of 10 g O3 h–1 in 400 mL 50 ppm paracetamol solution.
Źródło:
Nukleonika; 2014, 59, 1; 25-35
0029-5922
1508-5791
Pojawia się w:
Nukleonika
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Simulation of computed tomography (CT) images using a Monte Carlo approach
Autorzy:
Wysocka-Rabin, A. M.
Qamhiyeh, S.
Jäkel, O.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/147601.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011
Wydawca:
Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
Tematy:
X-ray tomography
Monte Carlo (MC) method
treatment planning
hadrontherapy
Opis:
Heavy ion treatment planning uses an empirical scanner-dependent calibration relation between computed tomography (CT) numbers and ion range. Any deviation in the values of CT numbers will cause a drift in the calibration curve of the CT scanner, which can reduce the accuracy of treatment beam delivery. To reduce uncertainty in the empirical estimation of CT numbers, we developed a simulation that takes into consideration the geometry, composition, and physical process that underlie their measurement. This approach uses Monte Carlo (MC) simulations, followed by a simple filtered back-projection reconstruction. The MC code used is BEAMnrc/EGSnrc. With the manufacturer’s permission, we simulated the components (X-ray tube, associated filters and beam shapers) of a Siemens Emotion CT. We then generated an initial beam shape and spectra, and performed further simulations using the phantom with substitutes. We analyzed the resulting phase space file to calculate projections, taking into account the energy response of the CT detectors. Then, we applied a simple reconstruction algorithm to the calculated projections in order to receive the CT image.
Źródło:
Nukleonika; 2011, 56, 4; 299-304
0029-5922
1508-5791
Pojawia się w:
Nukleonika
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Degradation and detoxifi cation of 2-chlorophenol aqueous solutions using ionizing gamma radiation
Autorzy:
Basfar, A. A.
Muneer, M.
Alsager, O. A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/148378.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
Tematy:
2-chlorophenol
degradation
detoxification
gamma irradiation
aqueous solution
Opis:
Chlorophenols are compounds with high toxicity, poor biodegradability, and carcinogenic and recalcitrant properties. This work studies, for the first time, the destruction and detoxification of 2-chlorophenol (2-CP) in water using 60Co gamma radiation under different conditions including varied radiation doses, addition of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and varied pH values. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and ion chromatography (IC) confirmed a successful degradation of 2-CP to primarily yield phenol molecules and chloride anions. A radiation dose as low as 25 kGy achieved approximately 90% removal of 50–150 ppm of 2-CP in neutral water. However, the addition of a strong oxidizer such as H2O2 to 2-CP solutions reduced the required dose to achieve 90% removal to at least 1.3-fold. The reduction in radiation doses was also observed in acidic and alkaline media, reducing the required doses of 90% removal to at least 0.4-fold. It was imperative to study the toxicity levels of the oxidation by-products to provide directions for the potential applicability of this technology in water treatment. Toxicology Microtox® bioassay indicated a significant reduction in the toxicity of the degradation by-products and the detoxification was further enhanced by the addition of H2O2 and changing the pH to more acidic or alkaline conditions. These findings will contribute to the knowledge of the removal and detoxification of such challenging environmental contaminant and could be potentially applied to other biologically resistant compounds.
Źródło:
Nukleonika; 2017, 62, 1; 61-68
0029-5922
1508-5791
Pojawia się w:
Nukleonika
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Outdoor 222Rn behaviour in different areas of Slovakia
Autorzy:
Holý, K.
Műllerová, M.
Bulko, M.
Holá, O.
Melicherová, T.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/146357.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
Tematy:
radon
activity concentration
exhalation rate
orography
Opis:
Radon activity concentration (RAC) in the outdoor atmosphere was monitored in four localities of Slovakia. The distance between the localities were up to 130 km. The localities had a diverse orography, ranging from flatland to hilly terrain. A significant infl uence of orography and 226Ra and 222Rn content in soil on diurnal time series of RAC was found. A simple approach of determining radon exhalation rate from soil based on the increase of RAC from daily minima to maxima and removal characteristic of radon is presented. A linear dependency between radon exhalation rate from the soil and RAC in the soil gas at a depth of 0.8 m was found for sandy soils.
Źródło:
Nukleonika; 2016, 61, 3; 281-288
0029-5922
1508-5791
Pojawia się w:
Nukleonika
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Dispersion of radon in the atmosphere around old uranium mill tailings
Autorzy:
Molchanov, O.
Soroka, Y.
Podrezov, A.
Soroka, M.
Buzinny, M.
Pavlenko, T.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/148918.pdf
Data publikacji:
2010
Wydawca:
Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
Tematy:
radon
uranium tailings
track detector
equilibrium factor
Opis:
This paper presents the results of investigations of radon levels in the atmosphere around old uranium tailings aiming to estimate the influence of inactive uranium sites to the population and personnel. These tailings are situated in the area of a former uranium processing activity of a Pridniprovsk Chemical Plant in the city of Dniprodzierzhinsk. The radon-222 measurements have been carried out using an etched track system TRACK 2010Z. The minimum detectable activity of radon-222 has made up 2 Bq/m3 with the exposure of 30 days. Corresponding data sets of radon-222 and its daughters have been analysed. We have calculated distribution of the radon equilibrium factor (F), i.e. the ratio between radon and radon daughters for the investigated site. Our study shows a contrast spatial radon-222 dispersion in the atmosphere, while radon-222 is lowered to the background levels. The average value of the F makes up 0.146 for the undisturbed open atmosphere. Atmospheric inversions cause a significant rise of F that goes up to 0.487. The present research has been carried out within the frameworks of the STCU project no. 3290.
Źródło:
Nukleonika; 2010, 55, 4; 535-538
0029-5922
1508-5791
Pojawia się w:
Nukleonika
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Operation modes of the FALCON ion source as a part of the AMS cluster tool
Autorzy:
Girka, O.
Bizyukov, A.
Bizyukov, I.
Gutkin, M.
Mishin, S.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/146245.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
Tematy:
FALCON
ion source
surface wave
cluster tool
Opis:
The paper investigates the options to increase the production yield of temperature compensated surface acoustic wave (SAW) devices with a defi ned range of operational frequencies. The paper focuses on the preparation of large wafers with SiO2 and AlN/Si3N4 depositions. Stability of the intermediate SiO2 layer is achieved by combining high power density UV radiation with annealing in high humidity environment. A uniform thickness of the capping AlN layer is achieved by local high-rate etching with a focused ion beam emitted by the FALCON ion source. Operation parameters and limitations of the etching process are discussed.
Źródło:
Nukleonika; 2015, 60, 2; 327-330
0029-5922
1508-5791
Pojawia się w:
Nukleonika
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Applied radiotracer techniques for studying pollutant bioaccumulation in selected marine organisms (jellyfish, crabs and sea stars)
Autorzy:
Fowler, S.
Teyssié, J.
Cotret, O.
Danis, B.
Rouleau, C.
Warnau, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/147253.pdf
Data publikacji:
2004
Wydawca:
Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
Tematy:
radiotracers
bioaccumulation
metals
radionuclides
PCB
marine invertebrates
Opis:
Obtaining specific information on contaminant biokinetics in marine biota is often necessary for properly interpreting monitoring data on trace contaminant levels in bioindicator species living under varying environmental conditions. Radiotracers have been employed in laboratory experiments to assess the uptake, distribution and retention of selected heavy metals and PCB congeners in three potential marine bioindicators occupying different ecological niches in the coastal zone. Pelagic and benthic jellyfish readily accumulated Co, Ag, Zn, Cd, 137Cs and 241Am from both water and food and retained them with biological half-lives (Tb1/2) ranging from a few days to several weeks. Zinc and silver were accumulated to the greatest degree (CF ~ 4 ´ 102), with benthic jellyfish having a greater affinity for metals than the pelagic species. Results from light–dark experiments indicate that the enhanced metal uptake in the benthic jellyfish is due to the presence of endosymbiotic photosynthetic zooxanthellae situated in the arms of organisms. Shore crabs ingesting Ag, a sewage-related contaminant, readily accumulated the metal with male crabs assimilating some 71% and female crabs 51% of the Ag from their food. Moreover, the assimilated fraction of Ag remained virtually immobile in their tissues as evidenced by an extremely long Tb1/2 for depuration of 7.3 years. Sea stars exposed to 14C-labelled PCB congener #153 in sea water accumulated the congener mainly in the body wall and podia reaching lipid weight CFs that ranged between approximately 2 x 10 5 to 4 x 10 5. In contrast, following exposure in radio-labelled sediments, the corresponding PCB transfer factors in the same tissues were much lower, viz., 3 x 10 2 to 5 x 10 2. Nevertheless, regardless of the exposure mode, CFs of PCB in the other tissues (digestive system, gonads, pyloric and rectal caeca) were consistently one to two orders of magnitude lower, an observation which suggests that sea star body wall and podia could serve as target tissues in biomonitoring studies assessing these toxic compounds.
Źródło:
Nukleonika; 2004, 49, 3; 97-100
0029-5922
1508-5791
Pojawia się w:
Nukleonika
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
First dedicated observations of runaway electrons in the COMPASS tokama
Autorzy:
Vlainić, M.
Mlynář, J.
Weinzettl, V.
Papřok, R.
Imríšek, M.
Ficker, O.
Vondráček, P.
Havlíček, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/971514.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
Tematy:
plasma diagnostics
runaway electrons
tokamak
Opis:
Runaway electrons present an important part of the present efforts in nuclear fusion research with respect to the potential damage of the in-vessel components. The COMPASS tokamak a suitable tool for the studies of runaway electrons, due to its relatively low vacuum safety constraints, high experimental flexibility and the possibility of reaching the H-mode D-shaped plasmas. In this work, results from the first experimental COMPASS campaign dedicated to runaway electrons are presented and discussed in preliminary way. In particular, the first observation of synchrotron radiation and rather interesting raw magnetic data are shown.
Źródło:
Nukleonika; 2015, 60, 2; 249-255
0029-5922
1508-5791
Pojawia się w:
Nukleonika
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Effects of an antimutagen of 1,4-dihydropyridine series on cell survival and DNA damage in L5178Y murine sublines
Autorzy:
Dalivelya, O.
Savina, N.
Kuzhir, T.
Buraczewska, I.
Wojewódzka, M.
Szumiel, I.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/146264.pdf
Data publikacji:
2006
Wydawca:
Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
Tematy:
1,4-dihydropyridine
DNA repair
neutral comet assay
L5178Y cells
cytotoxicity
radioprotective effect
Opis:
In a series of studies it was shown that 1,4-dihydropyridine derivatives (1,4-DHP) show antimutagenic and anticlastogenic properties and accelerate repair of oxidant and ionising radiation generated DNA damage. Here, effects of one of 1,4-DHP compounds (sodium 3,5-bis-ethoxycarbonyl-2,6-dimethyl-1,4-dihydropyridine-4-carboxylate denoted as DHP) in X-irradiated L5178Y cells (murine lymphoma sublines, LY-R and LY-S) are reported. DHP treatment 1 h before, during and after X-irradiation gave a radioprotective effect in double strand break (DSB) repair competent LY-R cells: there was an increase in post-irradiation proliferation and cell viability as well as a slight acceleration of break rejoining as measured by the neutral comet assay. In the radiosensitive LY-S cells with impaired non-homologous end-joining system, the radioprotective effect was seen as enhanced growth and viability. There was, however, no effect on the DSB repair rate. Notably, there was no dependence of the biological effects on DHP concentration in the range of concentrations studied (1 nM - 100 mM), suggesting an all-or-none effect, as in cellular signaling induction observed in radioadaptation or bystander effect. We assume that DHP acts by decreasing fixation of radiation inflicted DNA damage, among others, by increasing the rate of DNA repair and enhancing the efficiency of checkpoint control. Direct confirmation of this assumption is necessary.
Źródło:
Nukleonika; 2006, 51, 3; 141-146
0029-5922
1508-5791
Pojawia się w:
Nukleonika
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
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