Autor: F. L. - Katalog OPAC zbiorów

Skocz do pozycji: 1.

Tytuł:: Evaluation of germination and vigor indices associated with Fusarium-infected seeds in pre-basic seeds wheat fields
Autorzy:: Hassani, F.
Zare, L.
Khaledi, N.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/65500.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2019
Wydawca:: Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Opis:: Seed-borne diseases of wheat such as Fusarium head blight (FHB), a fungal disease caused by several species of Fusarium, results in reduced yield and seed quality. The aim of this study was to identify the Fusarium species, the effect of Fusarium-infected seeds on germination and vigor indices and to determine the location of Fusarium spp. in seeds, as well as to investigate the pathogenicity and variability of aggressiveness of the isolates obtained from pre-basic seeds wheat fields in Iran. According to morphological and molecular characters, the species F. graminearum, F. culmorum, F. avenaceum and F. poae were identified. Among the isolates, F. graminearum was the predominant species with the highest frequency and relative density of 92.9% and 70.9%, respectively. We observed that germination and vigor indices were decreased due to increased Fusarium-infected seeds. Results indicated significant differences among cultivars and seed-borne Fusarium levels. While a higher infection level of Fusarium spp. most commonly occurred in the seed coat, only F. graminearum was observed in embryos. Our study about pathogenicity showed that 77.3% of the Fusarium spp. isolates were not pathogenic and 22.7% isolates of Fusarium spp. were pathogenic or weakly pathogenic. Our results indicated that variability in aggressiveness among isolates of a species and positive correlation may be determined by pathogenicity tests. This is the first time the location of Fusarium spp. in seeds has been identified. It is also the first time that Fusarium-infected seeds in pre-basic seeds wheat fields of Iran have been evaluated.
Źródło:: Journal of Plant Protection Research; 2019, 59, 1
1427-4345
Pojawia się w:: Journal of Plant Protection Research
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 2.

Tytuł:: Characterization of phytoplasmas related to aster yellows group infecting annual plants in Iran, based on the studies of 16S rRNA and rp genes
Autorzy:: Sichani, F.V.
Bahar, M.
Zirak, L.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/65352.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2014
Wydawca:: Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Opis:: Several annual field crops, vegetables, ornamentals, oilseed crops, and weeds showing phytoplasma diseases symptoms were collected to detect phytoplasmas related to ‘Candidatus Phytoplasma asteris’. The collecting was done in the central regions of Iran. For general detection of phytoplasmas, 16S rRNA gene fragments were amplified using phytoplasma universal primer pair P1/P7 in polymerase chain reaction (PCR) followed by primer pair R16F2n/R16R2 in nested PCR. Then, for finer detection of phytoplasmas related to ‘Ca. P. asteris’, DNA samples were used to extend the rp and tuf gene fragments by PCR using aster yellows group specific primer pairs rp(I)F1A/rp(I)R1A and fTufAy/rTufAy, respectively. Restriction fragment lenght polymorphism (RFLP) analysis of rp gene fragments using digestion with AluI, MseI, and Tsp509I restriction enzymes indicated that aster yellows group related phytoplasmas in these Iranian regions, belong to rpI-B subgroups. Sequence analysis of partial 16S rRNA and rp genes from representative phytoplasma isolates confirmed the RFLP results. This research is the first report of annual plants infected with phytoplasmas related to subgroup rpI-B in Iran.
Źródło:: Journal of Plant Protection Research; 2014, 54, 1
1427-4345
Pojawia się w:: Journal of Plant Protection Research
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 3.

Tytuł:: Characterization of phytoplasmas related to ‘Candidatus Phytoplasma asteris’ subgroup rpI-L in Iran
Autorzy:: Vali-Sichani, F.
Bahar, M.
Zirak, L.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/66181.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2014
Wydawca:: Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:: phytoplasma
disease symptom
plant
disease
polymerase chain reaction
seed
Candidatus Phytoplasma asteris
rpI-L subgroup
rp gene
tuf gene
Iran
Opis:: In two of Iran's central provinces, several herbaceous plants showing phytoplasma disease symptoms were collected to detect 'Canididatus Phytoplasma asteris'-related phytoplasmas. Confirmation of an association of phytoplasmas with diseased plants was done using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays having the phytoplasma universal primer pairs P1/P7 followed by R16F2n/ R16R2 in nested PCR. Then, for detection of 'Ca. P. asteris', DNA samples were subjected to amplification of rp and tuf genes using specific primer pairs rp(I)F1A/rp(I)R1A and fTufAy/rTufAy, respectively. Restriction fragment length polymorphism or RFLP analyses of rp gene fragments using Tsp509I restriction enzyme as well as sequence analyses indicated that 'Ca. P. asteris'-related phytoplasmas associated with carrot, niger seed and scallion plants in these regions, belong to the rpI-L subgroup. This research is the first report of carrot, niger seed, and scallion infection with phytoplasmas belonging to the rpI-L subgroup.
Źródło:: Journal of Plant Protection Research; 2014, 54, 2
1427-4345
Pojawia się w:: Journal of Plant Protection Research
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 4.

Tytuł:: Determination of optimal doses of glyphosate for controlling weeds at several stages in southwestern Buenos Aires province (Argentina)
Autorzy:: Bentivegna, D.J.
Moyano, G.L.
Daddario, J.F.F.
Tucat, G.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/66699.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2017
Wydawca:: Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:: optimum dose
determination
glyphosate
weed control
chemical control
grass
vegetative stage
Buenos Aires province
Argentina
Opis:: Efficient weed management is essential for avoiding competition for water, light, and nutrient resources in semiarid zones. Chemical weed control with glyphosate was evaluated on perennial wall-rocket (Diplotaxis tenuifolia), artichoke thistle (Cynara cardunculus), slender wild oat (Avena barbata), and perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne). Plants at early, middle and advanced vegetative stages were used in this study. Glyphosate potassium salt was applied at rates of 0.0675 (1/16x), 0.135 (1/8x), 0.27 (1/4x), 0.54 (1/2x), 1.08 (x) and 2.16 (2x) kg acid equivalent (ae) ⋅ ha–1. Glyphosate combined with 2,4-D amine salt was evaluated at rates of 1.08 kg ae ⋅ ha–1 and 0.53 kg active ingredient (ai) ⋅ ha–1, respectively. The volume of the spray was 100 l ⋅ ha–1 with 86 droplets ⋅ cm–2 and a Volume Median Diameter (VMD) of 421.19 μm. In general, all the tested weeds were controlled with a quarter of the label rate. Three sizes of tested plants were controlled in a similar way at the same glyphosate dose rate. Moreover, the addition of 2,4-D to glyphosate did not produce an increase in the control of broadleaf weeds. The results showed that glyphosate was effective in controlling the tested weed species, including low application rates for all the growth stages in the southwestern Buenos Aires province.
Źródło:: Journal of Plant Protection Research; 2017, 57, 4
1427-4345
Pojawia się w:: Journal of Plant Protection Research
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 5.

Tytuł:: Histological changes induced during the biotrophic phase of infection of three potato varieties by Phytophthora infestans (Mont.) de Bary
Autorzy:: Gavira, A.E.
Patino, L.F.
Morales, J.G.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2084843.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2019
Wydawca:: Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:: callose
hydrogen peroxide
hypersensitive response (HR)
late blight disease
reactive oxygen species (ROS)
Opis:: In this study defense responses in three potato varieties with different levels of reaction to the late blight disease caused by Phytophthora infestans were analyzed after inoculation with the pathogen. In the resistant cv. Pastusa Suprema, increased intensity of H2 O2 and callose deposit accumulation was observed beginning at 24 hours after inoculation, followed by a hypersensitive response at the inoculation points. In the moderately resistant cv. Diacol-Monserrate, the same responses were observed as in the resistant variety, but with less intensity over time. For the susceptible cv. Diacol-Capiro, the responses observed occurred later than in the other two varieties, subsequent to the advance of the pathogen over extensive necrotic areas. These results suggest that early, intense peroxide and callose accumulation and a hypersensitive response are associated with the observed resistance of the cv. Pastusa Suprema and cv. Diacol-Monserrate to P. infestans.
Źródło:: Journal of Plant Protection Research; 2019, 59, 4; 465-478
1427-4345
Pojawia się w:: Journal of Plant Protection Research
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 6.

Tytuł:: Selectivity of nicosulfuron isolated or in tank mixture to glyphosate and sulfonylurea tolerant soybean
Autorzy:: Silva, A.F.M.
Albrecht, A.J.P.
Damiao, V.W.
Giraldeli, A.L.
de Marco, L.R.
Placido, H.F.
Albrecht, L.P.
Filho, R.V.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/66430.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2018
Wydawca:: Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:: selectivity
nicosulfuron
tank mixture
glyphosate
sulphonylurea
soybean
Glycine max
chlorimuron
cloransulam
herbicide
crop
tolerance
sulphometuron
Opis:: The aim of the present work was to evaluate the selectivity of nicosulfuron, alone and in combinations, applied in post-emergence (V4) of glyphosate and sulfonylurea tolerant (RR/STS) soybean. The experiments were conducted in 2015/16 and 2016/17, in Piracicaba – state of São Paulo (SP). In 2016/17, the experiment was also conducted in Palotina – state of Paraná (PR). The experiment was a randomized block design, with four repetitions and 16 treatments, with combinations of nicosulfuron, glyphosate, chlorimuron, sulfometuron and cloransulam, applied alone or in tank mixture. Crop injury and variables related to agronomic performance were evaluated. Data were subjected to analysis of variance and treatment means were compared by the Tukey test. The results obtained are significant in the positioning of herbicides in RR/STS soybean, since in the five experiments, all the treatments were selective, except for glyphosate + sulfometuron which reduced the yield of a cultivar (CD 2630 RR/STS) in the 2015/16 season.
Źródło:: Journal of Plant Protection Research; 2018, 58, 2
1427-4345
Pojawia się w:: Journal of Plant Protection Research
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 7.

Tytuł:: Endophytic Beauveria bassiana (Ascomycota: Hypocreales) alters Helicoverpa gelotopoeon`s (D.) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) life cycle and reproductive parameters
Autorzy:: Vianna, F.
Pelizza, S.
Russo, L.
Allegrucci, N.
Scorsetti, A.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/66770.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2018
Wydawca:: Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:: Beauveria bassiana
entomopathogen
fecundity
Ascomycota
Hypocreales
Helicoverpa gelotopoeon
bollworm
moth
plant pest
Lepidoptera
Noctuidae
life cycle
reproductive parameter
Opis:: Bollworms comprise the most harmful and economically relevant species of lepidopteran. Helicoverpa gelotopoeon (D.) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) is native to America and affects many crops. Tobacco is an industrial crop in which methods of pest control rely mainly on the application of insecticides. To develop new eco-friendly strategies against insect pests it is very important to overcome the side effects of insecticides. The utilization of fungal entomopathogens as endophytes is a new perspective that may accomplish good results. The present study aimed to evaluate the ability of endophytic Beauveria bassiana (Bals.-Criv.) Vuill. to affect H. gelotopoeon life parameters and feeding behavior on tobacco plants. Beauveria bassiana LPSC 1215 as an endophyte did not reduce the amount of vegetal material consumed by H. gelotopoeon larvae but affected the life cycle period of the plague, particularly the larval and adult stages. Also, egg fertility was affected since adults laid eggs that were not able to hatch. The results of this investigation provide new information on endophytic entomopathogen potential to be incorporated in Integrated Pest Management (IPM) programs.
Źródło:: Journal of Plant Protection Research; 2018, 58, 4
1427-4345
Pojawia się w:: Journal of Plant Protection Research
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 8.

Tytuł:: Induction of systemic resistance and defense-related enzymes in tomato plants using Pseudomonas fluorescens CHAO and salicylic acid against root-knot nematode Meloidogyne javanica
Autorzy:: Nikoo, F.S.
Sahebani, N.
Aminian, H.
Mokhtarnejad, L.
Ghaderi, R.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/65022.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2014
Wydawca:: Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Opis:: Root-knot nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.) are the most economically important group of plant parasitic nematodes on many crops worldwide. Resistance-based management is considered as one of the most sound and effective strategies against these pathogens. Plant-mediated systemic resistance against the M. javanica in tomato cv. CALJN3 was triggered using salicylic acid (SA) and Pseudomonas fluorescens CHAO as elicitors. The effect of each elicitor was assayed by (1) the calculation of nematode indices including the number of nematode galls, egg masses and eggs/egg mass; (2) the analysis of changes in the concentration of reactive oxygen species (ROS); and (3) monitoring the activities of their scavenging enzymes viz. superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POX), and catalase (CAT). The results indicated that SA/bacterial elicitors induced the removal of high concentrations of the toxic ROS via an increase in the activity of their scavenging antioxidant enzymes, especially that of catalase. Moreover, pre- or post-treatment application of the elicitors significantly reduced the number of galls, egg masses or eggs of M. javanica in infected tomato plants as compared to the control. The results of the present study support the involvement of the elicitor-induced ROS and related scavenging enzymes for stimulating plant defense reactions in a moderately resistant tomato challenged with M. javanica.
Źródło:: Journal of Plant Protection Research; 2014, 54, 4
1427-4345
Pojawia się w:: Journal of Plant Protection Research
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 9.

Tytuł:: Characterization of cereal cyst nematodes (Heterodera spp.) in Morocco based on morphology, morphometrics and rDNA-ITS sequence analysis
Autorzy:: Mokrini, F.
Viaene, N.
Waeyenberge, L.
Dababat, A.A.
Moens, M.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/65431.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2017
Wydawca:: Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:: cereal cyst nematode
nematode
Heterodera avenae
Heterodera latipons
Heterodera filipjevi
morphology
morphometry
Internal transcribed spacer
rDNA
sequence analysis
Morocco
Opis:: Morphological and molecular diversity among 11 populations of cereal cyst nematodes from different wheat production areas in Morocco was investigated using light microscopy, species-specific primers, complemented by the ITS-rDNA sequences. Morphometrics of cysts and second-stage juveniles (J2s) were generally within the expected ranges for Heterodera avenae; only the isolate from Aïn Jmaa showed morphometrics conforming to those of H. latipons. When using species-specific primers for H. avenae and H. latipons, the specific bands of 109 bp and 204 bp, respectively, confirmed the morphological identification. In addition, the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) regions were sequenced to study the diversity of the 11 populations. These sequences were compared with those of Heterodera species available in the GenBank database (www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov) and confirmed again the identity of the species. Ten sequences of the ITS-rDNA were similar (99–100%) to the sequences of H. avenae published in GenBank and three sequences, corresponding with one population, were similar (97–99%) to H. latipons.
Źródło:: Journal of Plant Protection Research; 2017, 57, 3
1427-4345
Pojawia się w:: Journal of Plant Protection Research
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 10.

Tytuł:: First report of phytoplasma detection on sand olive, cowpea and alfalfa in Iraq
Autorzy:: Al-Kuwaiti, N.
Kareem, T.
Sadaq, F.H.
Al-Aadhami, L.H.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2084636.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2019
Wydawca:: Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:: 16SrII-D phytoplasma
16SrXIV-A phytoplasma
flat stem
in silico RFLP
white leaf
Opis:: The association of phytoplasma was investigated in sand olive [Dodonaea viscosa ssp. Angustifolia (L. f.) J.G. West], cowpea [Vigna unguiclata (L.)] Wap and alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) plants exhibiting witches broom, fasciation and little leaf symptoms, respectively. Sequence analysis of ~1.7 kb DNA fragments amplified by P1/P7 primer set confirmed the association of ‘Candidatus Phytoplasma aurantifolia’ within symptomatic alfalfa, while ‘Ca. Phytoplasma cynodontis’ was associated within cowpea and sand olive.
Źródło:: Journal of Plant Protection Research; 2019, 59, 3; 428-431
1427-4345
Pojawia się w:: Journal of Plant Protection Research
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 11.

Tytuł:: Effectiveness of nanoatrazine in post-emergent control of the tolerant weed Digitaria insularis
Autorzy:: Sousa, B.T.
Pereira, A.E.S.
Fraceto, L.F.
De Oliveira, H.C.
Dalazen, G.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2082785.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2019
Wydawca:: Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:: atrazine
chemical control
nanoherbicide
nanotechnology
sourgrass
tolerant
weed control
Opis:: Digitaria insularis (sourgrass) is a monocotyledon weed of difficult control and high in- vasive behavior. Atrazine is widely applied in the Americas to control weeds in maize cul- ture, but its efficiency against D. insularis is limited. The incorporation of atrazine into poly(epsilon-caprolactone) nanocapsules increased the herbicidal activity against suscep- tible weeds; however, the potential of this nanoformulation to control atrazine-tolerant weeds including D. insularis has not yet been tested. Here, we evaluated the post-emergent herbicidal activity of nanoatrazine against D. insularis plants during initial developmental stages. The study was carried out in a greenhouse, using pots filled with clay soil. Plants with two or four expanded leaves were treated with conventional or nanoencapsulated at- razine at 50 or 100% of the recommended dosage (1,000 or 2,000 g ∙ ha −1 ), followed by the evaluation of physiological, growth, and control parameters of the plants. Compared with conventional herbicide, both dosages of nanoatrazine induced greater and faster inhibition of D. insularis photosystem II activity at both developmental stages. Atrazine nanoencap- sulation also improved the control of D. insularis plants, especially in the stage with two expanded leaves. In addition, nanoatrazine led to higher decreases of dry weight of four- leaved plants than atrazine. The use of the half-dosage of nanoatrazine was equally or more efficient in affecting most of the evaluated parameters than the conventional formulation at full dosage. Overall, these results suggest that the nanoencapsulation of atrazine potenti- ated its post-emergent herbicidal activity against D. insularis plants at initial developmental stages, favoring the control of this atrazine-tolerant weed.
Źródło:: Journal of Plant Protection Research; 2020, 60, 2; 185-192
1427-4345
Pojawia się w:: Journal of Plant Protection Research
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 12.

Tytuł:: Understanding nutrient competition between Echinochloa spp. and Oryza sativa L.
Autorzy:: Da Rosa Ulguim, A.
Neto, R.A.
Carlos, F.S.
Streck, N.A.
Richter, G.L.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2082751.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2020
Wydawca:: Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:: barnyardgrass
flooded rice
interference
mineral nutrition
Opis:: Weed competition in southern Brazil is one of the main limiting factors for Oryza sativa L. (flooded rice) yield. Echinochloa spp. (barnyardgrass) occurs at a high frequency. Although the potential for weed interference in this cereal is well known, there is little information available about the impact of nutrient competition on rice. Thus, this study aimed to evalu- ate the relationship between the increase of the barnyardgrass population and the develop- ment and nutrition of flooded rice plants at different stages of development. The treatments consisted of growing populations of barnyardgrass competing with the crop from stage V4, which were: 0, 1, 6, 13, 100 and 200 plants · m−2 . The experimental design was random- ized blocks with two replications, and the experimental units were plots 1.53 m wide by 5 m long. Plant biomass, nutrient uptake and loss of productivity were determined with three replications. An increase in the barnyardgrass population reduced the dry mass of rice leaves and stems, regardless of the evaluation period and the vegetative or reproduc- tive period. Barnyardgrass plants had a significant impact on the reduced grain yield of a flooded rice crop, mainly due to high nutrient competitiveness, especially N in the veg- etative period and K in the reproductive period. Barnyardgrass caused a loss of yield by unit · m−2 of 1.13%. The competition for N between rice and barnyardgrass plants was higher in the vegetative period, while for K, Ca and Mg the highest competition occurred in the reproductive period.
Źródło:: Journal of Plant Protection Research; 2020, 60, 3; 298-310
1427-4345
Pojawia się w:: Journal of Plant Protection Research
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 13.

Tytuł:: Glyphosate in agronomic performance and seed quality of soybean with cp4-EPSPs and cry1Ac genes
Autorzy:: Silva, A.F.M.
Albrecht, A.J.P.
Albrecht, L.P.
Pellicci, V.A.
Giovanelli, B.F.
Ghirardello, G.A.
Viana, H.R.M.
Filho, R.V.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/66021.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2018
Wydawca:: Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:: crop injury
Glycine max
soybean
glyphosate-tolerant soybean
herbicide
selectivity
agronomic performance
seed quality
cp4-EPSPs gene
cry1Ac gene
Opis:: The “second generation” of glyphosate-tolerant soybean (GT2 soybean) was developed through a different technique of insertion of the glyphosate-insensitive EPSPs gene, in comparison with “first generation” of glyphosate-tolerant soybean. However, there is not enough information available about glyphosate selectivity in GT2 soybean and the effects on the quality of seeds produced. The aim of this study was to evaluate tolerance to glyphosate and seed quality of soybean cultivar NS 6700 IPRO (GT2) with cp4-EPSPs and cry1Ac genes, after application at post-emergence (V4). The experiment was conducted in a randomized block design with four replicates and seven treatments, or rates of glyphosate (0; 720; 1,440; 2,160; 2,880; 3,600; 4,320 g of acid equivalent − a.e. · ha−1). Assessments were performed for crop injury, SPAD index and variables related to agronomic performance and seed quality. A complementary trial with the same cultivar and treatments in a greenhouse was conducted in a completely randomized design with four replications. Data analysis indicated no significant effect of glyphosate on V4 on agronomic performance and physiological quality of seeds, for two growing seasons. The soybean cultivar NS 6700 IPRO (GT2), with cp4-EPSPs and cry1Ac genes, was tolerant to glyphosate up to the maximum rate applied (4,320 g a.e. · ha−1) at post-emergence (V4). The quality of soybean seeds was not affected by glyphosate up to the maximum rate applied (4,320 g a.e. · ha−1) at post-emergence (V4).
Źródło:: Journal of Plant Protection Research; 2018, 58, 4
1427-4345
Pojawia się w:: Journal of Plant Protection Research
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 14.

Tytuł:: Seed germination and emergence of Eragrostis tenuifolia (A. Rich.) Hochst. ex Steud. in response to environmental factors
Autorzy:: Bittencourt, H.H.
da Silva Bonome, L.T.
de Bortoli Pagnoncelli,Jr, F.
Lana, M.A.
Muzell Trezzi, M.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/65859.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2016
Wydawca:: Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:: seed germination
emergence
Eragrostis tenuifolia
elastic grass
weed
plant response
environmental factor
irradiance
temperature
weed ecology
weed number
Opis:: Eragrostis tenuifolia is a weed species that is gaining ground in Brazil. This weed occurs in pastures, grasslands, crop fields, and roadsides. The objective of this study was to examine the effects of different environmental factors on E. tenuifolia seed germination and seedling emergence. The optimum constant temperature for germination was around 35–30°C. It was also found that 85% of seeds germinated under a 30/20°C alternate temperature regime. Light appears to have a positive effect on seed germination. No seedlings emerged when seeds were buried 3 cm or deeper. The results suggested that E. tenuifolia has the potential to spread into pastures and in no-tillage crop systems in Brazil. Measures such as the use of cover crops and/or soil cultivation can be used to limit germination and seedling emergence, respectively.
Źródło:: Journal of Plant Protection Research; 2016, 56, 1
1427-4345
Pojawia się w:: Journal of Plant Protection Research
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 15.

Tytuł:: Failure control of Plutella xylostella (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae) and selectivity of their natural enemies to different insecticides
Autorzy:: Bacci, L.
Rosado, J.F.
Picanco, M.C.
Gonring, A.H.R.
da Silva Galdino, T.V.
Martins, J.C.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/66522.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2018
Wydawca:: Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:: biological control
Plutella xylostella
Lepidoptera
Plutellidae
selectivity
plant pest
natural enemy
insecticide
Brassica
crop
cabbage moth
Opis:: Control failure of pests and selectivity of insecticides to beneficial arthropods are key data for the implementation of Integrated Pest Management (IPM) programs. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess the control failure likelihood of Plutella xylostella and the physiological selectivity active ingredients to parasitoid Oomyzus sokolowskii (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) and to predators Polybia scutellaris (Hymenoptera: Vespidae) and Lasiochilus sp. (Hemiptera: Anthocoridae). In bioassays, P. xylostella larvae and O. sokolowskii, P. scutellaris and Lasiochilus sp. adults were used. Concentration-mortality curves of six insecticides for P. xylostella were established. These curves were used to estimate the mortality of P. xylostella at the recommended concentration, in order to check a control failure of insecticides to this pest. Furthermore, the lethal concentration for 90% of populations (LC90) and the half of LC90 were used in bioassays with the natural enemies to determine the selectivity of these insects to insecticides. All tested insecticides showed control failure to P. xylostella, indicated by high LC90 and low estimated mortalities (less than 80%). The cartap insecticide was selective in half of LC90 to Lasiochilus sp. and moderately selective in LC90 and the half of LC90, to Lasiochilus sp. and P. scutellaris, respectively. Deltamethrin was moderately selective in the half of LC90 to predator Lasiochilus sp. Cartap, carbaryl, and deltamethrin reduced the mortality of Lasiochilus sp. in the half LC90. The results also showed that the insecticides methamidophos, carbaryl, parathion methyl and permethrin were not selective to any of the tested natural enemies. The role of insecticides in IPM systems of Brassica crops is discussed based on their control failures to P. xylostella and selectivity to their natural enemies.
Źródło:: Journal of Plant Protection Research; 2018, 58, 2
1427-4345
Pojawia się w:: Journal of Plant Protection Research
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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