Digitaria insularis (sourgrass) is a monocotyledon weed of difficult control and high in-
vasive behavior. Atrazine is widely applied in the Americas to control weeds in maize cul-
ture, but its efficiency against D. insularis is limited. The incorporation of atrazine into
poly(epsilon-caprolactone) nanocapsules increased the herbicidal activity against suscep-
tible weeds; however, the potential of this nanoformulation to control atrazine-tolerant
weeds including D. insularis has not yet been tested. Here, we evaluated the post-emergent
herbicidal activity of nanoatrazine against D. insularis plants during initial developmental
stages. The study was carried out in a greenhouse, using pots filled with clay soil. Plants
with two or four expanded leaves were treated with conventional or nanoencapsulated at-
razine at 50 or 100% of the recommended dosage (1,000 or 2,000 g ∙ ha −1
), followed by the
evaluation of physiological, growth, and control parameters of the plants. Compared with
conventional herbicide, both dosages of nanoatrazine induced greater and faster inhibition
of D. insularis photosystem II activity at both developmental stages. Atrazine nanoencap-
sulation also improved the control of D. insularis plants, especially in the stage with two
expanded leaves. In addition, nanoatrazine led to higher decreases of dry weight of four-
leaved plants than atrazine. The use of the half-dosage of nanoatrazine was equally or more
efficient in affecting most of the evaluated parameters than the conventional formulation
at full dosage. Overall, these results suggest that the nanoencapsulation of atrazine potenti-
ated its post-emergent herbicidal activity against D. insularis plants at initial developmental
stages, favoring the control of this atrazine-tolerant weed.
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