Temat: distribution - Katalog OPAC zbiorów

Skocz do pozycji: 1.

Tytuł:: Distributions of hydrodynamic pressure in the gap of slide journal bearing lubricated with ferro-oil
Autorzy:: Frycz, Marcin
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/247084.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2019
Wydawca:: Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:: temperature distribution
journal slide bearing
ferro-oil
Opis:: This research work is part of a broader comprehensive issue, which is the analysis of flow and operating parameters of journal slide bearings lubricated with ferro-oil. In this article, the author presents only the main assumptions and essential transformations of the analytical and numerical model for determining the pressure distributions in the gap of a slide journal bearing lubricated with ferro-oil. It is cardinal that the rheological and magnetic values of ferro-oil parameters adopted in numerical calculations are based on the results of actual values obtained in the author’s earlier research work. There are presented the pressure distributions by abovementioned method in the article for cases of bearings lubricated with ferro-oils with different concentration of magnetic particles. The obtained results are shown in the form of a set of four complementary characteristics of the dimensionless pressure distributions. First and main of them are the calculations for classical Newtonian lubrication but they take into account the influence of the magnetic field on the distributions. The next of the presented characteristics are so-called "corrections" of pressure distribution values, taking into account as follows: effects of changes in ferro-oil viscosity related to temperature changes, impacts of ferro-oil viscosity changes related to pressure changes and the effect of non-oil properties of the lubricant. The article includes a qualitative and quantitative analysis of the obtained results as well as observations and conclusions are presented in it.
Źródło:: Journal of KONES; 2019, 26, 4; 53-61
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:: Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 2.

Tytuł:: Investigation into particulate size distributions in the exhaust gas of diesel engines fuelled with biodiesel blends
Autorzy:: Chuepeng, S.
Theinnoi, K.
Xu, H. M.
Wyszynski, M. L.
York, A. P. E.
Hartland, J. C.
Qiao, J.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/248072.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2008
Wydawca:: Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:: biodiesel
PM
combustion
diesel
PM size distribution
Opis:: Particulate matter (PM) size distributions in the exhaust gas of biodiesel blend fuelled diesel engines have been studied by experimenting firstly on a single cylinder equipped with a pump-line-injector injection system and secondly for comparison on a V6 DI engine equipped with a common rail fuel injection system. Both engines were operated with a biodiesel (RME) blend of B30 and ultra low sulphur diesel fuel (ULSD). Several engine load conditions with and without exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) were selected. Particulate number concentrations vs. the electrical mobility equivalent diameter were examined using a fast differential mobility spectrometer. The effect of engine operating conditions including EGR rates on particulate emissions has been investigated. It is found that PM sizes from combustion of B30 without EGR operation are generally smaller than those from ULSD while number concentrations are higher. This can result in lower PM mass estimates for the B30 case if due care is not taken. When EGR is applied to control nitrogen oxides emissions, both the total PM number and mass are increased and shifted toward the larger sizes for both fuels used in the test. The calculated total PM mass from B30 combustion is lower than in the ULSD case for all the tested engine operating conditions.
Źródło:: Journal of KONES; 2008, 15, 3; 75-82
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:: Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 3.

Tytuł:: Experimental testing of the vehicle heating system
Autorzy:: Kucybała, P.
Gawlik, A.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/246308.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2017
Wydawca:: Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:: heating system
temperature distribution
temperature tests
thermal chamber
Opis:: An important problem in the design of machinery and equipment at the stage of determining their structure is the issue of providing adequate thermal comfort to users while operating in variable climatic and environmental conditions. This issue is of particular importance because all types of machinery and devices are equipped with very expensive and automated control and monitoring system, which should guarantee adequate warming conditions and should work under different climatic conditions. Examples of these tendencies are special solutions for vibroacoustic insulation of the inside of the devices, special air conditioning equipment, special constructions, ergonomic inside solutions. The process of shaping the discussed structural design of vehicles in terms of meeting the relevant technical and operational criteria is currently being increasingly realized through experimental tests of prototypes supported by numerical calculations. The purpose of this paper is to present the methodology of conducting test stand as a stage for the experimental determination and verification of temperature distribution, the location of heating and air conditioning devices in a prototype vehicle in variable climatic conditions (minus 15º C). The research was carried out in a large-scale climate chamber. It covered the process of heating up the passenger area of the bus and the time of temperature stabilization on the inside of the vehicle while operating the heating systems. An additional attempt was made to test the heating system while the vehicle was in motion and to open the vehicle door to simulate the stopping of the vehicle at the bus stop. Another aspect that was analysed was the impact of the installed convector on the vehicle when the liquid heater was off.
Źródło:: Journal of KONES; 2017, 24, 3; 135-141
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:: Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 4.

Tytuł:: Statistical approach to characterize combustion knock in the hydrogen fuelled SI engine
Autorzy:: Naber, J. D
Szwaja, S.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/246456.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2007
Wydawca:: Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:: internal combustion engines
combustion knock
hydrogen
statistical distribution
Opis:: Combustion knock in a hydrogen fuelled engine has many different characteristic as compared to knock occurring in the gasoline engine. This is a result of differences in the gasoline and hydrogen combustion mechanisms which lead to knock. Hydrogen as the engine fuel is able to produce combustion knock of significant intensity. This intensity can be determined by measurements, which have been successfully applied for examining knock generated by the gasoline fuelled engine. This paper describes the engine test bed, in-cylinder pressure traces and methods for determining knock intensity. Further, the statistical approach for characterizing combustion knock is also presented. It concentrates on applications of several probability distributions for expressing individual knock intensity metrics of hydrogen port fuelled spark ignited engine. It is assumed that knock metrics for engine working cycles are considered as random variables. The knock metrics are based on the fluctuation component of the in-cylinder pressure traces sampled at 100 khz and are calculated for 300 consecutive engine working cycles. It was noticed that the knock metrics distribution profile changes as the knock intensity varies from light to heavy knock. In the paper, modelling of this knock distribution profile using several known stochastic distributions is also presented. Finally, usefulness of statistical distributions for characterizing combustion knock is shown.
Źródło:: Journal of KONES; 2007, 14, 3; 443-450
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:: Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 5.

Tytuł:: Method for modelling temperature distribution in exhaust system of diesel engine in the light of mine systems of heat recuperation
Autorzy:: Chuchnowski, W.
Tokarczyk, J.
Stankiewicz, K.
Woszczyński, M.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/242169.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2011
Wydawca:: Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:: recuperation
diesel engine
Peltier's cell
temperature distribution
CFD
Opis:: Analysis of temperature distribution and heat flow in the exhaust system of diesel engine to determine technical parameters of the system for heat recuperation and changing of thermal energy into electric energy was presented. Temperature of exhaust gases as well as geometrical and material features of exhaust system were the input data accepted for modelling. Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) was used to determine temperature distribution in the exhaust system. The software by use numerical methods finite volume method) enables solving partial differential equations consisting of equations of: continuity, Navier-Stokes, Fourier-Kirchoff and complemented with other equations important as regards the discussed phenomenon (e.g. with turbulences models)transforming them in the algebraic equations or common differential equations. CFD software enables gaining some information as regards flow rate, distribution of speed field, and pressure field as well as heat flow, temperature field and mass field. Design and principle of operation of Peltier 's cell, model of recuperator, exhaust system, and diesel engine, finite elements meshing, boundary conditions assumed in analysis of exhaust gases and water flow, distribution of temperature field (maximal temperature of scale 335 K and maximal temperature of scale 400 K) on external wall of exhaust system and cross-section of exhaust system are presented in the paper.
Źródło:: Journal of KONES; 2011, 18, 2; 101-108
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:: Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 6.

Tytuł:: Influence of friction stir welding on hardness distribution in joints of AW-5083 alloy
Autorzy:: Dudzik, K.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/241621.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2016
Wydawca:: Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:: FSW
welding
hardness distribution
5xxx aluminium alloy
shipbuilding
Opis:: The article presents the research results of hardness distribution of friction stir welded joint (FSW) of AW-5083 aluminium alloy. During the study used two types of tools: with cylindrical pin and with conical pin. FSW is a method of welding in the solid state, mechanical properties of joints welded by that method can be higher than that for arc welding techniques (MIG, TIG). The parameters of friction stir welding (FSW) used for joining 5083 alloy sheets were presented. Metallographic analysis of chosen joints showed the correct construction of structural bonded joints. The study was carried out using Vickers hardness HV1 in accordance with the requirements of the Polish Standard PN-EN 6507 using a hardness and microhardness-testing machine FM-800. The location of measurement points in the butt joint was determined in accordance with PN-EN 1043-1:2000. The indenter load was 9.8 N. In order to identify areas of particular characteristic of bonded joints macroscopic examination was performed using an optical microscope ZAISS AxioVert A1 MAT. The test specimens were polished and then etched with KELLER reagent. This enabled the precise identification of zones present in the joint, such as weld nugget, thermomechanically affected zone, native material. Hardness testing in across researched joints showed that the shape of the welding tool pin does not affect the mean value of hardness in the weld.
Źródło:: Journal of KONES; 2016, 23, 3; 101-106
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:: Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 7.

Tytuł:: CFD analysis of pressure distribution in slide conical bearing lubricated with non-Newtonian oil
Autorzy:: Czaban, A.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/241851.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2013
Wydawca:: Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:: slide conical bearing
CFD
non-Newtonian oil
pressure distribution
Źródło:: Journal of KONES; 2013, 20, 3; 117-124
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:: Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 8.

Tytuł:: Light beam control system of trams head lights
Autorzy:: Stypułkowski, K.
Tomczuk, P.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/243858.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2008
Wydawca:: Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:: transport
tram
simulation
lighting distribution
tram lighting
front lighting
Opis:: Researches in the field of technology of modern sources of light have called for the introduction and application of a few basic hardware solutions of automatic correction systems of light beam position in the vertical and horizontal axes of a vehicle. Application of Adaptive Frontlighting Systems in motor vehicles has made it possible to adapt light parameters of head lights and fog lights to the actual situation on the road. The system ensures optimal observation conditions of a vehicle's foreground. These systems have contributed to the improvement of driving safety and comfort in the conditions of restricted visibility during fogs and precipitation. The authors of the present publication substantiate the need of introducing the solution of the foreground lighting of a vehicle, which has already proved effective for motor vehicles, taking into account the specificity of movement of a tram which is one of the main means of transport within the framework of urban public transport system. The article presents the current standardization requirements concerning head lights for the abovementioned means of transport. The results of laboratory photometric measurements for currently used optical light systems, as well as the results of simulation researches of the foreground lighting of a tram in street traffic have been demonstrated. Moreover, the article presents the analysis of potential solutions for the foreground lighting of a traction vehicle with the application of automatic system of light beam control. The proposal of a method of light beam choice taking into consideration specific movement conditions of a tram has been presented. Attention has been paid to the expected exploitation and economic effect of the application of the system for a company promoted to be used in a tram, as well as to the improvement of working conditions of a tram driver and the influence on other public transport users connected with travel safety and comfort. The publication emphasizes the merits of the proper use of already existing lighting solutions and their introduction into street traffic system of a tram. The improvement of the quality of the foreground lighting of a tram significantly increases the safety and comfort of all urban street traffic users.
Źródło:: Journal of KONES; 2008, 15, 2; 475-482
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:: Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 9.

Tytuł:: Lighting of trams foreground with the use of head and low beam lights – research
Autorzy:: Tomczuk, P.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/245571.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2009
Wydawca:: Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:: transport
tram
simulation
lighting distribution
tram lighting
front lighting
Opis:: Recent progress within the area of front lighting of motor vehicles makes it possible to implement some technical solutions in other types of vehicles. High quality of front lighting is a factor required not only in motor vehicles. The article shall present the current state of front lighting of trams and qualitative analysis shall be presented of currently used light beams. The emphasis put on the quality of motor vehicle projectors, their constant development and application ofnew kinds of light sources, as well as application ofadvanced systems ofautomatic light beam direction does not translate into application ofthese solutions in tram vehicles. Safe movement of a trach vehicle is conditioned by the quality and state of its main lighting. Appropriate distribution of a light beam plays a significant role in the perception of luminous sensations from a vehicle's foreground. It ensures a proper assessment of behaviour of other road traffic participants and conditions proper visibility from a tram driver's seat. The analysis of tram line lighting shall be conducted on the basis of real photometric measurement data with the use of calculation programme having an advanced model of foreground lighting of the vehicle at its disposal. Lighting recommendations shall be presented taking into account the characteristics of light beams used in trams
Źródło:: Journal of KONES; 2009, 16, 3; 439-446
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:: Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 10.

Tytuł:: Proposal of lighting requirements for lighting devices in adaptive front lighting system of trams head lights
Autorzy:: Stypułkowski, K.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/247102.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2011
Wydawca:: Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:: transport
tram
simulation
lighting distribution
tram lighting
front lighting
Opis:: The paper presents the issues strictly connected with the scientific discipline of Transport, concerning the exploitation of lighting devices, reflectors and projectors being the fundamental devices for tram 's head lighting. The factor influencing the safety of a moving track vehicle is the quality and state of tram's head lighting. Appropriate light distribution within the area of tram's foreground plays a decisive role in the perception of luminous sensations by the tram driver. A properly shaped light beam conditions appropriate visibility from the tram driver's seat and facilitates correct assessment of traffic situations connected with the behaviour of other road traffic participants. The history of development of lighting devices for head lights used for trams has been discussed. The article proposes and discusses application of AFS system in trams particularly accounting for proposals of new lighting requirements for tram's head lighting devices. Particular attention has been paid to photometric requirements for projectors and reflectors of tram's head lights, presenting proposals for these requirements. After conducting a lighting analysis of currently exploited light beams it has been established that justification exists for using symmetrical light beams in the case of head, main and low beam lights. Introduction of three kinds of lights of dedicated light beams for low beam, main and curve lights is proposed.
Źródło:: Journal of KONES; 2011, 18, 4; 475-480
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:: Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 11.

Tytuł:: Proposal of lighting requirements for lighting devices in adaptive front lighting system of trams head lights
Autorzy:: Stypułkowski, K.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/242053.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2011
Wydawca:: Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:: transport
tram
simulation
lighting distribution
tram lighting
front lighting
Opis:: The factor influencing the safety of a moving track vehicle is the quality and state of tram's head lighting. Appropriate light distribution within the area of tram's foreground plays a decisive role in the perception of luminous sensations by the tram driver. A properly shaped light beam conditions appropriate visibility from the tram driver's seat and facilitates correct assessment of traffic situations connected with the behaviour of other road traffic participants. The article proposes and discusses application of AFS system in trams particularly accounting for proposals of new lighting requirements for tram's head lighting devices. The author of the present paper justifies the need for implementing new solutions for lighting of tram's foreground in order to improve the quality of lighting taking into account various road traffic situations. For this purpose, new normative guidelines have been proposed allowing for assessment of lighting devices installed on trams, which directly influence the quality of tram's foreground lighting. Proposal for AFS system components for tram, measurement screen for examining projectors of symmetrical low beam lights, for examining projectors of symmetrical main lights, for examining the right projector of curve light and for examining the left projector of curve light are presented in the paper.
Źródło:: Journal of KONES; 2011, 18, 2; 405-410
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:: Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 12.

Tytuł:: Adaptive control system of light beam position of trams head lights
Autorzy:: Stypułkowski, K.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/242133.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2009
Wydawca:: Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:: transport
tram
simulation
lighting distribution
tram lighting
front lighting
Opis:: The article proposes and discusses the application of AFS system in trams. The author of the present publication substantiates the need of introducing the solution of foreground lighting of a vehicle, which has already proved effective for motor vehicles, taking into account the specificity of movement of a tram being one of the main means of transport within the framework of urban public transport system. Using the results of laboratory photometric measurements for currently used optical light systems of tram 's head lights, a proposal for the use of new light beams has been presented. The method of realization of adaptive system of light beam control of tram 's head lights has also been demonstrated. In relation to the current photometric requirements in standardization guidelines concerning head lighting of a tram, directions ofchanges have been proposed. Light beam shape of main lights in tram 's foreground defined by isolux range, proposal of automatic light beam control system of a tram, proposal of arrangement of system reflectors within the area of tram car's front are presented in the paper.
Źródło:: Journal of KONES; 2009, 16, 2; 433-439
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:: Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 13.

Tytuł:: Influence of welding parameters of FSW on hardness distribution in joints of AW-5083 alloy
Autorzy:: Dudzik, K.
Januszkiewicz, J.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/242596.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2018
Wydawca:: Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:: FSW
welding
hardness distribution
5xxx aluminium alloy
shipbuilding
Opis:: The article presents the research results of hardness distribution of friction stir welded joint (FSW) of AW-5083 aluminium alloy. During the study used two types of tools: with cylindrical pin and with conical pin. FSW is a method of welding in the solid state, mechanical properties of joints welded by that method can be higher than that for arc welding techniques (MIG, TIG). The parameters of friction stir welding (FSW) used for joining 5083 alloy sheets were presented. Metallographic analysis of chosen joints showed the correct construction of structural bonded joints. The study was carried out using Vickers hardness HV1 in accordance with the requirements of the Polish Standard PN-EN 6507 using a hardness and microhardness-testing machine FM-800. The location of measurement points in the butt joint was determined in accordance with PN-EN 1043-1:2000. The indenter load was 9.8 N. In order to identify areas of particular characteristic of bonded joints macroscopic examination was performed using an optical microscope ZAISS AxioVert A1 MAT. The test specimens were polished and then etched with KELLER reagent. This enabled the precise identification of zones present in the joint, such as weld nugget, thermo-mechanically affected zone and native material. Hardness testing in across researched joints showed that the change of welding parameters in the range proposed in the research does not impact on the hardness distribution in the weld.
Źródło:: Journal of KONES; 2018, 25, 2; 105-112
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:: Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 14.

Tytuł:: The use of laser equipment to optimize the operating parameters of the fuel injector of combustion engine
Autorzy:: Kowalski, M.
Jankowski, A.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/243319.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2018
Wydawca:: Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:: combustion engine
fuel injection
laser methods
size drop distribution
Opis:: The conducted tests were aimed at determination of the drop diameters and shaping of the velocity field at different configurations of the test injector. The test results allowed defining the relationship between the injector configuration and the distribution of velocities and dimensions of drops in the fuel stream. The effect of the fuel viscosity and injection pressure on the dimensions of fuel drop diameters and the distribution of the velocity field of drops in the stream were tested. The tests were carried out on a special test rig with a fixed volume chamber. The measurements were carried out with the use of laser Doppler measurement systems (PDPA, LDV). The tests were conducted for seven different fuel types varying in viscosity and surface tension. In addition, the injection pressure from 50 MPa to 130 MPa was applied. The test results allowed determining the relationship between the injector structure configuration, fuel types and fuel additives, and the distribution of velocity and an atomisation spectrum of drops in the fuel stream, and the air impact on the fuel stream.
Źródło:: Journal of KONES; 2018, 25, 4; 199-206
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:: Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 15.

Tytuł:: Influence of the crack propagation velocity on heat release in compressor blades during fatigue tests
Autorzy:: Bednarz, A.
Kuźniar, M.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/244568.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2016
Wydawca:: Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:: crack propagation velocity
notch
thermovision
turbine engine
heat distribution
Opis:: In this work, the influence of the crack propagation velocity on heat release in blade was shown. Research was be performed during fatigue test of the compressor blade. In the investigations, the blade with the V-notch was examined. The blades during experiment were entered into transverse vibration by a vibration system Unholtz-Dickie UDCO-TA-250. The crack propagation process was conducted in resonance condition. The blades were periodically bended what simulates geometry changes during operation of the engine. The main part of the work is based on research of fatigue. During investigations both the amplitude of the crack length and also the blade tip displacement were controlled. Additional velocity of crack propagation was measured by change of a crack length in time. In the same time temperature, distribution pictures were observed. The taken picture was used to exhibit the phenomenon and shown the heat propagation direction. The main results of presented investigation are both the parameters of a crack and the crack growth dynamics in the compressor blade subjected to vibrations. An additional original result of the work is connection between velocity of crack propagation and temperature distribution taken from picture. The result of above analysis can be used in determining the amount of energy released during the cracking process and evaluate the amount of energy required for the growth of a gap. In this work, the capabilities of the proposed method and the problems associated with it were defined. The results presented in this paper have theoretical and practical value.
Źródło:: Journal of KONES; 2016, 23, 1; 67-73
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:: Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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