Lighting of trams foreground with the use of head and low beam lights – research

Recent progress within the area of front lighting of motor vehicles makes it possible to implement some technical solutions in other types of vehicles. High quality of front lighting is a factor required not only in motor vehicles. The article shall present the current state of front lighting of trams and qualitative analysis shall be presented of currently used light beams. The emphasis put on the quality of motor vehicle projectors, their constant development and application ofnew kinds of light sources, as well as application ofadvanced systems ofautomatic light beam direction does not translate into application ofthese solutions in tram vehicles. Safe movement of a trach vehicle is conditioned by the quality and state of its main lighting. Appropriate distribution of a light beam plays a significant role in the perception of luminous sensations from a vehicle's foreground. It ensures a proper assessment of behaviour of other road traffic participants and conditions proper visibility from a tram driver's seat. The analysis of tram line lighting shall be conducted on the basis of real photometric measurement data with the use of calculation programme having an advanced model of foreground lighting of the vehicle at its disposal. Lighting recommendations shall be presented taking into account the characteristics of light beams used in trams