Autor: Polak, F. - Katalog OPAC zbiorów

Skocz do pozycji: 1.

Tytuł:: The influence of electrochemical battery aging process on an electric vehicle’s range
Autorzy:: Polak, F.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/247326.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2018
Wydawca:: Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:: battery
simulation model
electric vehicle
LiFePO4
bateria
model symulacyjny
pojazd elektryczny
Opis:: This article presents the influence of aging processes of the electric vehicle’s electrochemical battery. The increasing number of hybrid and electric vehicles increases the demand for durable and efficient sources of energy storage for vehicles. The vehicle's declared range is reduced over time. This is due to the aging of the battery that causes loss of its capacity and loss of its power. To minimize this phenomenon, manufacturers use counteracting solutions that include mounting additional cells in the battery that are switched on when the battery controller identifies a particular battery cell’s failure or high degradation. This is due to the deep and shallow discharges of the battery, the number of charge and discharge cycles, and the age and technology of battery packs. AMESim software was used for the simulation of the electric vehicle. The research was based on modelling the range of the vehicle whose cell capacity includes processes related to aging of the battery. An aging cell algorithm causes the capacity to drop and consequently reduces the range of one full charge. By modelling aging processes, it is possible to determine the battery’s probable capacity loss during vehicle use and to estimate how these processes affect the vehicle's range.
Źródło:: Journal of KONES; 2018, 25, 1; 325-331
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:: Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 2.

Tytuł:: E-REV’s hybrid vehicle range modeling
Autorzy:: Polak, F.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/245454.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2018
Wydawca:: Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:: battery
simulation model
electric vehicle
E-REV
Opis:: Article presents the influence of battery capacity and electric generator power on a series hybrid vehicle range. Vehicles equipped with increased battery capacity and small power generator are special type of series hybrid vehicles called Extended Range Electric Vehicles – E-REV. The increasing number of hybrid and electric vehicles increases the demand for durable and efficient sources of energy storage for vehicles. The hybrid vehicle's battery driven range is increased as battery power density is increased and its cost is decreased. This is due to the battery cell cost decreasing and improvement of cell chemistry. That cause higher and higher distance driven on electric mode in hybrid vehicles. First series hybrid vehicle engine power was equal to engine powered the vehicle’s wheels. Nowadays, series hybrid vehicles are more electric vehicles with small power generator (piston or turbine engine. In such a constructions, battery is used as an energy buffer and combustion engine is used more as emergency power supply. To minimize this phenomenon, manufacturers use counteracting solutions that include mounting additional cells in the battery that are switched on when the battery controller identifies a particular battery cell’s failure or high degradation. This is due to the deep and shallow discharges of the battery, the numbers of charging and discharging cycles, and the age and technology of battery packs. AMESim software was used for the simulation of the E-REV hybrid vehicle range. The research was based on modelling the range of the vehicle with different battery capacity works with power generator of different power. By modelling different capacity of battery and power of small generator, it is possible to determine the vehicle range.
Źródło:: Journal of KONES; 2018, 25, 2; 281-286
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:: Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 3.

Tytuł:: Verification of LiFePO4 battery mathematic model
Autorzy:: Polak, F.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/247386.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2016
Wydawca:: Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:: battery
LiFePO4
test stand
simulation model
Opis:: Article presents verification of LiFePO4 battery simulation model. Verification of battery model was made to assure real parameters of battery cells used for simulation. Simulation model of battery and test stand, similar to the stand used for test on a real battery, was designed in AMESim software. Data of the battery and single cell of battery characteristics were verified to assure true parameters for further tests of power transmission system of the vehicle. For verification theoretical model of the battery, real tests of battery discharging were performed in laboratory. Test stand used for battery discharging was build. Test stand was equipped in water resistor enable to set up various loads of battery. Electrical parameters of battery and battery cell were collected by voltage probes and current clamps and stored in database. Test was performed in similar condition, each time starting with fully loaded battery. Tests ends when battery management system shut down battery main switch. Tests conditions, virtual and real, were performed during similar battery load. Comparing data from unloading tests in laboratory enable to verify data of battery and battery cells designed in AMESim software. Such verification provide reliable model of the used battery. Model of the battery can be used in further simulation test of vehicle, where battery is installed.
Źródło:: Journal of KONES; 2016, 23, 4; 397-402
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:: Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 4.

Tytuł:: Testing methodology of small unmanned platform on the chassis dyno
Autorzy:: Karczewski, M.
Polak, F.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/243717.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2016
Wydawca:: Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:: transport
road transport
simulation
dyno chassis
examination of unmanned vehicle
Opis:: The article shows construction solution of chassis dyno, designed for small-unmanned platform hybrid drive testing. Brief fore design of chassis dyno were also presented. Most important parts of dyno are module design of dyno. Each of dyno module consists of one free roll and one roll powered by electrical engine for inertia braking. Asynchronous electric engines for dyno stand were selected. Maximum torque, with respect to vehicle wheel torque has to be greater than Mo < 50 Nm, maximum linear speed of vehicle can’t be greater than Vp ≤ 40 km/h, minimal vehicle dimensions: axle base greater than 500 mm, wheel base greater than 770 mm, inverters allow to connect in series enable synchronous operation by computer, during tests, received energy is dispersed in resistors, emergency shut off of each engines. Methodology of measurements, based on UDC test, was presented. Dyno stand was used for hybrid propulsion testing of small-unmanned vehicle. Dyno was used for hybrid drive testing, where measurement of electrical parameters, proportional to load of vehicle drive system, were collected and other parameters such as battery temperature, and electric engines or fuel consumption during tests. Tests were performed during various load and speed of vehicle. The developed methodology of research should allow for a comprehensive study of this type of vehicle in terms of overall efficiency, reliability and energy needs.
Źródło:: Journal of KONES; 2016, 23, 4; 201-207
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:: Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 5.

Tytuł:: Simulation of the hybrid propulsion system for the small unmanned vehicle
Autorzy:: Polak, F.
Walentynowicz, J.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/244497.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2011
Wydawca:: Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:: unmanned vehicle
hybrid propulsion system
Opis:: The paper presents a simulation model of an unmanned vehicle propulsion system designed and constructed at the Laboratory of Internal Combustion Engines WAT. The vehicle was modelled in the software environment AMESim. It is intended as a tool for modelling of mechatronic systems, and therefore it was possible to create a link between mechanical parameters such as gears, with elements from the fields of electrical engineering and electronics, such as electric motors and inverters. Presented undercarriage system modelled the platform with 6x6 and independent drive wheels. Presented model of the hybrid structure of a small unmanned vehicle and sub models driver module and the propulsion module battery charging electric current through a combustion engine (generator controls, the switching of electric current battery capacity following a drop below the desired value - for this calculation was 50% of battery capacity). Characteristics of parameters changes of sets are presented. Simulation study for two batteries of different capacities as an example of the synthetic driving test and analyzed the differences between the foundation and set of characteristics. It was found that the higher-capacity battery could provide a better change of speed.
Źródło:: Journal of KONES; 2011, 18, 1; 471-478
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:: Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 6.

Tytuł:: Problems of units selection of propulsion system for small unmanned tactical vehicle
Problemy doboru zespołów układu napędowego do małego taktycznego pojazdu bezzałogowego
Autorzy:: Polak, F.
Walentynowicz, J.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/242792.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2007
Wydawca:: Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:: pojazdy bezzałogowe
hybrydowe zespoły napędowe
dobór zespołów
unmanned vehicle
hybrid propulsion systems
unit's selection
Opis:: The battlefield was changed during many years and the weapon was developed also. Unmanned vehicles are one of the new kinds of weapon. They have different mass, executed tasks and the scope of autonomy. Their hybrid propulsion system increase traction proprieties of these vehicles considerably. The concept of the hybrid drive for the small unmanned vehicle was the main goal of the work. It was made assumptions, that the vehicle will have the mass approximately 1 ton, running on six wheels with the speed up to 60 km/h. The vehicle will have the combustion engine power 25 kW as the basic source of energy, Energy will be accumulated in batteries the mass 48kg and specific power 2667 W/kg. The single electric engine will propel six wheels of the vehicle. Four rare and front wheel will by steered. Units of propulsion system were selected with using the computer program ADVISER2004, and traction effort versus vehicle speed was determined on the base of the movement equations of the vehicle. The drive of the vehicle in unsteady condition was simulated using the program ADVISER2004 accord to the tests of ECE, FTP and 1015. It was affirmed that the vehicle with the chosen propulsion system could move with the speed more then 60 km/h on the asphalt roadway and below 50 km/h on the sandy road. It can to surmount the slopes 60%. Fuel consumption is circa 4 l/100 km in simulated drive test with the limitation of the maximum speed up to 60 km/h. The run range was circa 12 km as the electric vehicle.
Pole walki zmieniało się na przestrzeni wielu lat tak samo jak środki walki. Jednym z tych środków są pojazdy bezzałogowe. Różnią się one masą, wykonywanymi zadaniami oraz stopniem autonomii. Wyposażenie ich w hybrydowe układy napędowe znacznie zwiększa ich właściwości trakcyjne. Celem pracy było opracowanie koncepcji napędu hybrydowego do małego pojazdu bezzałogowego. Założono, że będzie to pojazd o masie ok. 1 tony, poruszający się na kołach z prędkością do 60km/h. Podstawowym źródłem napędu będzie silnika spalinowy o mocy 25 kW, a energia będzie gromadzona w akumulatorach o masie 48 kg i mocy właściwej 2667 kW/kg. Pojedynczy silnik elektryczny będzie napędzał sześć kół pojazdu za pomocą wałów napędowych, w tym cztery koła kierowane. Zespoły układu napędowego dobrano przy wykorzystaniu programu komputerowego ADVISER2004, a charakterystyki trakcyjne wyznaczono w oparciu o równania ruchu pojazdu. Za pomocą programu ADVISER2004 symulowano jazdę pojazdu w stanach nieustalonych zgodnie z testami ECE, FTP i 1015. Stwierdzono, że pojazd z dobranym układem może poruszać się z prędkością ponad 60 km/h pod drodze asfaltowej i poniżej 50km/h po drodze piaszczystej, pokonywać wzniesienia powyżej 60% przy zużyciu paliwa około 4 l/100 km podczas symulowanej jazdy wg uwzględnianych testów przy ograniczeniu maksymalnej prędkości do 60 km/h. Zasięg jazdy przy napędzie elektrycznym wynosił ok. 12km.
Źródło:: Journal of KONES; 2007, 14, 4; 343-350
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:: Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 7.

Tytuł:: Propulsion module for unmannned vehicle
Autorzy:: Polak, F.
Szczęch, L.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/244495.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2011
Wydawca:: Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:: unmanned vehicle
hybrid propulsion system
UGV
electric generator
electric propulsion motor
Opis:: Solution of the propulsion system of the unmanned vehicle elaborated and built in the Laboratory of Internal Combustion Engines Military University of Technology is shown in the paper. Unmanned vehicles are about to play key role in modern warfare. There are many types of unmanned vehicles. Those which can operate in urban areas, especially inside buildings are considered as a most useful for modern army. Most unmanned vehicles are battery operated, causing low range or low speed of the vehicle. Internal combustion engines are not proper for operation inside buildings, due to exhaust gases produced by engine. Connecting two types of propulsion system, defect of range in battery and gases in combustion engines are eliminated, because we can program vehicle to not turning on engine inside buildings. Using a module for those types of vehicles, we can design entire gamut of unmanned and even manned vehicles, decreasing design costs and repair time due to parts repeatability. Using a prepared propulsion module, design engineer can freely determine length, width and wheel track of designed vehicle. Designed modules enable vehicle fast return to combat ability, due to parts repeatability. One module, used as a host, can reconstruct damage vehicle. There is possibility of using different engines, enlarging list of available modules. Economic factor has also big meaning, due to parts repeatability.
Źródło:: Journal of KONES; 2011, 18, 1; 479-482
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:: Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 8.

Tytuł:: Application of reverse engineering for identification of damage and support the reparation of the vehicles
Autorzy:: Karczewski, M.
Walentynowicz, J.
Polak, F.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/245789.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2013
Wydawca:: Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:: motor vehicle
reverse engineering
photogrammetry
3D scanner
Opis:: The methodology of the vehicle damage identification was presented in this article. Presented method used reverse engineering methodology for compare the shape of new vehicle, including CAD models of vehicle, and change of vehicle shape after damage. The method is based on three-dimensional scanning technology and photogrammetry. Identification of the defect is divided into two areas: the accurate reproduction of the vehicle surface damage and measure only changes of the base point’s position. In a first method, scanning large areas of vehicle requires connection of the consecutive scanning images of the surface to an object stuck in a random reference points. They form a grid of completing successive scanning images with very high accuracy of the surface point’s position. Measuring the angle and length between reference points, scanned surface is measured and digitized by software. However, do not always have to make as accurate measurements. In the second method there is measured only position of the vehicle base points. They may be dispersed very rare so if a damage is very small position of base points does not change. Sometimes it is reasonable to use the first and the second method together. For this purpose, the photogrammetric system is used in the first stage of the scanning surface. The vehicle specific places that are so-called base points are equipped with appropriate measuring adapters. Taking pictures of the object from these points programmatically determine the distance between reference points. This paper presents a method of surface scanning and processing on digital image scans of the vehicle for the calculation of standard deviations between the surface and the reference points. Presented adapters are used for measurement of base point’s position. Examples of calculations results of base point’s location in multi-wheeled AMV vehicle are described and illustrated in the paper.
Źródło:: Journal of KONES; 2013, 20, 4; 155-161
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:: Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 9.

Tytuł:: Energetic balance of unmanned ground vehicle hybrid power transmission
Autorzy:: Karczewski, M.
Szczęch, L.
Polak, F.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/242808.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2018
Wydawca:: Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:: balance
unmanned vehicle
hybrid transmission
test stand
Opis:: Article presents the energetic balance of small-unmanned vehicle hybrid power transmission. The vehicle equipped with series hybrid transmission consisted of electric engines connected to the battery pack and small Diesel power generator. In mentioned construction, battery is used as energy buffer and combustion engine is used more as emergency power supply, and is turned on when battery is depleted. In other condition, power generator can be turned off, without reducing power of transmission parameters, except its range. Investigation was divided on two stages. At first stage generator, charging unit and battery were placed outside the vehicle. One piston power generator was feed by Diesel fuel. Fuel consumption of power generator was recorded from AVL fuel balance and energy parameters were recorded by power line analyser of BMR Company. Generator was connected to the direct current power plant. 70 Ah and 48 DC Lithium-polymer battery was charged from the power plant. After charging cycle, small water resistor was used to discharge the battery. Power parameters of discharged battery were measured. This enable to measure balance form tank to the battery. Second stage of the energetic balance determination was to measure internal resistances of vehicle power transmission from current inverter/converter connected to the engine and through the transmission up to the wheels of the vehicle. Power loss of energy at different speed of vehicle wheels without ground contact was measured in respect of power consumption. The series hybrid transmission is consider less efficient than parallel but because of specific configuration of power transmission, it was possible to reach higher efficiency
Źródło:: Journal of KONES; 2018, 25, 2; 177-184
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:: Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 10.

Tytuł:: Methods of verification of main transmission gear boxes on test bench using vibration measurement
Autorzy:: Walentynowicz, J.
Trawiński, G.
Wieczorek, M.
Polak, F.
Boruta, G.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/247281.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2013
Wydawca:: Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:: multi wheeled vehicle
transmission gearbox
vibration measures
test stand
Opis:: The methodology of research and the inspection of the main transmission gearboxes of multi axles armoured vehicle ROSOMAK under operating conditions are described in this article. Tests are carried out on the bench to allow force transmission changes to the extent similar to the loads that occur during vehicle operation. Transmission gear boxes are driven by an internal combustion engine 359 through a reducer (standard engine gearbox). This reducer increase torque and decrease shaft speed similar to condition in the vehicle. On the other side of the transmission, multiplying gearbox coupled with a brake dynamometer were placed. It increases speed according to requirements of the work field of the dynamometer W-230. The combustion engine made possible to measure vibration of transmission gearboxes under the high torque. The torque is greater than obtainable by using electric motors. The value of the inertia moment loading axle shaft was determined using a simplified kinematic diagram. During the tests, vibration were measured at selected points of the housing using different methods of attachment of vibration transducers. First, the screw for assembling the vibration sensor was glued to the hull of gearbox. Second, the sensor was connected with gearbox by permanent magnets. Third, the sensor was used as a hand probe. The results of vibration measured by these methods were compared. Temperature of the gearbox was also measured by using thermocouples and thermovision methods. Selected results are presented and analysed of vibration transmission and its temperature at selected working conditions.
Źródło:: Journal of KONES; 2013, 20, 4; 471-478
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:: Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 11.

Tytuł:: Preliminary analysis of vibration signal test results registered at bench test stand of amv rosomak driving axis
Autorzy:: Walentynowicz, J.
Trawiński, G.
Dyga, G.
Polak, F.
Boruta, G.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/242851.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2013
Wydawca:: Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:: differential axle gears
test bench
vibration of elements
vibration analysis
Opis:: The methodology of measuring the vibration signal recorded on the casing of wheeled armoured vehicle ROSOMAK driving axis is presented. The study was performed on a test bench for different transmission conditions. A preliminary analysis of the frequency spectra vibration signals recorded. The test stand allows investigation of the differential axle gears under load similar to load during duty operation. It was possible by using the combustion engine and gearboxes and load transmission by using the dynamometer break. Have been described. Three methods of attaching acceleration sensors to differential gears: using screws, magnetic washers and probe handle. The results of comparisons of measurement results obtained using these methods. Finally, the sensors was mount by using the screw connections. Selected positions and points of temperature and vibration measures were described. Values of characteristic frequencies of differential axle gears vibration by moving the drive torque through these boxes were calculated. The spectra of the vibration signal determined during testing gearboxes were shown. It was state that of amplitude-frequency vibration spectra of signals recorded at selected points of differential axle gears casing are clearly visible characteristic frequencies but the vibration the bridge gear unit bridges distorted by vibration of the internal combustion engine and gearboxes. In a further stage of research should be included much larger number of the driving axis differentials investigated in various states of well-known technical conditions and should be lead accord to requirements of the active diagnostic experiment.
Źródło:: Journal of KONES; 2013, 20, 3; 419-426
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:: Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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