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    Wyświetlanie 1-6 z 6
    Tytuł:
    Response of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris), Norway spruce (Picea abies) and Douglas fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii) needles to environment pollution with flourine compounds
    Reakcja igieł sosny zwyczajnej (Pinus sylvestris), świerka pospolitego (Picea abies) i daglezji zielonej (Pseudotsuga menziesii) na zanieczyszczenie środowiska przez związki fluoru
    Autorzy:
    Karolewski, P.
    Siepak, J.
    Gramowska, H.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/41105.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2000
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Dendrologii PAN
    Tematy:
    Norway spruce
    Scotch pine
    fluorine compound
    needle
    environment pollution
    Pinus sylvestris
    tree
    Pseudotsuga menziesii
    Picea abies
    Douglas fir
    fir
    Opis:
    The objective of the study was to determine differences in the response of trees of three species: Pinus sylvestris, Picea abies and Pseudotsuga taxifolia to environment pollution with fluorine compounds. The amounts of free and complexed fluorine (FA) and total fluorine (FB) were determined in the needles of trees of the three species growing in a polluted area and in an area considered free from pollution. The results of this study showed that Douglas fir is a greater sensitivity to fluorine compounds than Norway spruce and Scots pine, despite its high resistance to fluorine absorption. Estimation of the degree of environment pollution on the basis visible injury and the content of fluorine compounds in needles is discussed. The results were supplemented with observations of lily of the valley (Convallaria maialis) – a plant particularly sensitive to injury by fluorine compounds.
    Celem badań było określenie zróżnicowania w reakcji drzew sosny zwyczajnej, świerka pospolitego i daglezji zielonej, na wpływ związków fluoru. Analizowano zawartości fluoru wolnego i związanego kompleksowo (FA) oraz całkowitego (FB) w igłach drzew rosnących w terenie skażonym oraz uznanym za wolny od wpływu zanieczyszczeń. Wyniki tych badań wskazują na większą wrażliwość daglezji niż świerka i sosny mimo, że charakteryzuje się ona znaczną odpornością na pochłanianie fluoru. W pracy dyskutowana jest możliwość wykorzystywania obserwacji widocznych objawów uszkodzeń i pomiarów zawartości fluorków, do oceny stopnia skażenia środowiska przez związki fluoru. W badaniach dodatkowo uwzględniono konwalię – jako roślinę wskaźnikową na ten typ zanieczyszczeń.
    Źródło:
    Dendrobiology; 2000, 45
    1641-1307
    Pojawia się w:
    Dendrobiology
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Photochemical activity, photosynthetic pigments and carbohydrates in poplar leaves fumigated with sulphur dioxide
    Autorzy:
    Szadel, A
    Lorenc-Plucinska, G.
    Karolewski, P.
    Matysiak, R.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/41307.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2003
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Dendrologii PAN
    Tematy:
    pigment
    photosynthetic pigment
    Populus deltoides
    sugar
    sulphur dioxide
    carotenoid
    carbohydrate
    chlorophyll
    leaf
    poplar
    Opis:
    The purpose of this study was to assess the influence of SO2 on photosynthetic apparatus and the level of total nonstructural carbohydrates (TNC) in developing and mature leaves of poplar (Populus deltoides). Photosynthetic apparatus was evaluated on the basis of fluorescence parameters (Fv/Fm, OPSII, qP and Rfd) and photosynthetic pigments (chlorophylls and carotenoids). Cuttings of poplar were exposed to 0.25 ppm of SO2 at 25°C and 200-300 mmol m-2s-1 PAR for 6 hours daily during 5 days in a fumigation chamber. The fumigation did not produce any significant differences in fluorescence parameters in neither developing nor mature leaves. In some mature leaves the concentration of pigments increased under the influence of SO2. Soluble carbohydrates decreased significantly both in developing and mature leaves and this was accompanied with an increase in starch accumulation. We suggest that Populus deltoides is a species tolerant to sulphur dioxide and the used SO2 dosage did not significantly impair the light reactions of photosynthesis, but it disturbed the accumulation of starch and the utilization of soluble carbohydrates in plants exposed to SO2.
    Źródło:
    Dendrobiology; 2003, 49
    1641-1307
    Pojawia się w:
    Dendrobiology
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Temperature effects performance of Lymantria dispar larvae feeding on leaves of Quercus robur
    Autorzy:
    Karolewski, P
    Grzebyta, J.
    Oleksyn, J.
    Giertych, M.J.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/41435.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2007
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Dendrologii PAN
    Tematy:
    herbivore insect
    sex ratio
    Lymantria dispar
    larva
    gypsy moth
    feeding
    leaf
    oak
    English oak
    Quercus robur
    pedunculate oak
    temperature
    performance
    Opis:
    Future climatic warming may modifyinsect development, sex ratio, quantitative changes in populations that could affect the frequency of outbreaks. Here we analyzed the influence of temperature on larval growth and development in the gypsy moth (Lymantria dispar L.). The larvae were reared at three constant temperatures: 15, 20 or 25°C, and fed with leaves of the English oak (Quercus robur L.). Larval mortality, duration of development (DD), relative growth rate (RGR), total mass of food eaten (TFE), and pupal mass (PM) were estimated. Larval mortality was lowest at 20°C, higher at 25°C, and highest at 15°C. DD significantly decreased with increasing temperature and depended on sex. The influence of temperature on the shortening of DD was stronger in males than in females. RGR significantly depended on temperature and was the highest at 25°C, and lowest at 15°C. At 15°C, RGR did not change markedly with time. In contrast, RGR at 20°C was characterized bya continuous decreasing trend. At 25°C, RGR was very high for 2 weeks but quickly declined afterwards. Temperature did not affect the TFE. PM was significantly correlated with temperature and sex. PM of females was higher at 20°C than at 15 and 25°C, in contrast to that of males, which was similar at 20 and 25°C, and higher than at 15°C. For larval growth and development, the most favourable was the medium temperature (20°C). The least favourable temperature for females was 25°C, for males 15°C. The results suggest that global warming may modifythe future sex ratio of gypsy moths that may affect insect development and outbreaks.
    Źródło:
    Dendrobiology; 2007, 58; 43-49
    1641-1307
    Pojawia się w:
    Dendrobiology
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Differences in chemical composition of needle and leaf litter from exotic and native tree species stands
    Autorzy:
    Skorupski, M.
    Jagodzinski, A.M.
    Zytkowiak, R.
    Karolewski, P.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/41087.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2012
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Dendrologii PAN
    Tematy:
    chemical composition
    differentiation
    needle
    leaf litter
    exotic plant
    native species
    tree
    plant species
    stand
    nitrogen
    phenolics
    carbohydrate
    carbon
    Opis:
    The potential differentiations in litter chemistry among native and non-native trees are poorly understood. We compared the chemical composition of leaf litterfall of 11 exotic tree species, e.g. coniferous: Abies cephalonica, A. grandis, A. procera, Chamaecyparis pisifera, Pinus peuce, Pseudotsuga menziesii, Thuja plicata, and deciduous: Acer rubrum, A. saccharum, Betula alleghaniensis and Quercus rubra, with that of a native European conifer, Pinus sylvestris (as reference to coniferous species) anda mixture of native European Quercus robur, Carpinus betulus, Tilia cordata, T. platyphyllos and Corylus avellana leaves (as a reference mixture of deciduous species). We found significant differences among the species studied in nitrogen and carbon content in needles/leaves, C/N ratio, as well as total soluble phenolic compounds (TPh) and total nonstructural carbohydrates (TNC) content, including soluble carbohydrates and starch. However, we found no clear differentiation of exotic from native tree species in the analyzed elements and metabolites. Among the exotic coniferous tree species, P. menziesii stood out among the species studied – fallen needles of this species were characterized by relatively high TPh and TNC content. The relationships between TPh and TNC content in leaf and needle litter among tree species were similar among two consecutive years. For deciduous tree species, the tendency of higher TPh content and C/N ratio in leaves falling earlier (September; leaves of sun-type) than later (November; leaves of shade-type) was more distinct than in coniferous tree species. Generally, we cannot see any special differences in the levels or mutual quantitative relationships of the chemical compounds studied in fallen needles/leaves of exotic tree species in comparison with native tree species.
    Źródło:
    Dendrobiology; 2012, 68
    1641-1307
    Pojawia się w:
    Dendrobiology
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Species composition of arthropods on six understory plant species growing in high and low light conditions
    Autorzy:
    Karolewski, P.
    Lukowski, A.
    Adamczyk, D.
    Zmuda, M.
    Giertych, M.J.
    Maderek, E.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2078197.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2020
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Dendrologii PAN
    Tematy:
    Cornus sanguinea
    Corylus avellane
    Frangula alnus
    Prunus padus
    Prunus serotine
    Sambucus nigra
    Opis:
    The quality of leaves as food for insects is affected both by plant species and the light conditions present during growth. Little information exists concerning the impact of these factors on the diversity of insects that live in the forest understory. We studied arthropod fauna on six understory plant species commonly occurring in Europe. Different groups of herbivorous insects were identified, as well as predatory insects and arachnids. We analysed the influence of both plant species and light conditions during growth (low light; high light) on the species spectrum, and the number of insect specimens present. The resulting data were investigated in relation to the susceptibility of plant leaves to feeding by folivorous insects, as determined in earlier studies. We compared the similarity in species diversity, based on the Sørensen’s coefficient, and discussed the potential causes of observed differences in leaf damages. We found a total of 153 arthropod taxa on studied plants, under both light conditions. Corylus avellana and Prunus serotina, species characterized by greater leaf damage, have a wider diversity of arthropod species, and a greater number of herbivorous insects. Generally, light conditions had a greater effect on arthropod abundance than on species diversity. For two plant species, C. avellana and P. serotina, light conditions strongly, but reversely, influenced the total number of insects and, thus, the extent of leaf damage. The number and abundance of zoophagous species, and ratio to folivores (except C. avellana) are associated more with plant species than with light conditions
    Źródło:
    Dendrobiology; 2020, 84; 58-80
    1641-1307
    Pojawia się w:
    Dendrobiology
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Effects of elevated temperature and fluorine pollution on relations between the pedunculate oak (Quercus robur) and oak powdery mildew (Microsphaera alphitoides)
    Autorzy:
    Grzebyta, J
    Karolewski, P.
    Zytkowiak, R.
    Giertych, M.J.
    Werner, A.
    Zadworny, M.
    Oleksyn, J.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/41557.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2005
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Dendrologii PAN
    Tematy:
    pedunculate oak
    Quercus robur
    environment pollution
    phenol
    tannin
    lignin
    carbohydrate
    starch
    nitrogen
    fluorine
    oak powdery mildew
    Microsphaera alphitoides
    soil pollution
    Opis:
    Effects of elevated temperature and soil pollution with fluorine on host-pathogen relations were studied in seedlings of the pedunculate oak (Quercus robur L.) inoculated with oak powdery mildew (Microsphaera alphitoides Griff. et Maubl.) and control seedlings. The plants were grown for 1month in elevated temperature (on average by 1.6°C) and soil pollution with sodium fluoride (330 ppm F). The above factors did not have any significant effect on nitrogen content of leaves or on concentrations of metabolites favourable to growth and development of the fungal pathogen (total non-structural carbohydrates, including soluble carbohydrates and starch) and those unfavourable to fungi (soluble phenols, condensed tannins and lignins). The elevated temperature and fluorine pollution did not affect the leaf infection rate. However, a significant temperature × pollution interaction was observed in inoculated seedlings. At the elevated temperature, fluorine caused a less severe infection by powdery mildew. This could be due to a direct toxic effect of fluorine on the pathogen or by an indirect influence, resulting from changes in levels of other metabolites, which were not analysed in this study. The inoculation of oak seedlings with powdery mildew caused a decline in the carbohydrate content of leaves but did not have any significant effect on levels of other analysed metabolites. However, it significantly affected the distribution of phenols and lignins in oak leaves. Those compounds accumulated within necrotic lesions and in adjacent cells. Our results do not enable drawing definite conclusions on effects of a slight rise in temperature and a relatively low level of fluorine pollution of the soil on relations between the pedunculate oak and oak powdery mildew. Lower values of the leaf infection rate in seedlings growing in elevated temperature and fluorine pollution suggest that in warmer years a lower level of infection by M. alphitoides may be expected in areas affected by fluorine pollution.
    Źródło:
    Dendrobiology; 2005, 53; 27-33
    1641-1307
    Pojawia się w:
    Dendrobiology
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
      Wyświetlanie 1-6 z 6

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