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Wyświetlanie 1-14 z 14
Tytuł:
Calculation of vapour - liquid - liquid - equilibria in quaternary systems
Autorzy:
Wyczesany, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/185629.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
para-ciecz-ciecz
systemy czwartorzędowe
vapor - liquid - liquid - equilibria
quaternary systems
Opis:
A method of parameters fitting to the experimental vapour - liquid - liquid equilibrium (VLLE) datais presented for the NRTL and the Uniquac equations for six quaternary mixtures. The same equations but with coefficients taken from the simulator Chemcad database were also used for calculation of the VLLE for the same mixtures. The calculated equilibrium temperatures and compositions for all the three phases were compared with the experimental data for these four cases. The investigated models were also applied for calculation of the compositions and temperatures of ternary azeotropes occurring in the considered quaternary mixtures. The computed values were compared with the experimental ones to appreciate the model's accuracy and to confirm whether the model correctly predicts the presence of homo- or heteroazeotrope. The NRTL equation with coefficients fitted to the VLLE data proved to be the most accurate model. For the mixtures containing water, ethanol and two different hydrocarbons this model shows particularly high accuracy. In three cases the mean deviations between the calculated and measured temperatures do not exceed 0.25 K, and for the fourth mixture the difference equals 0.33. Besides, the mean deviations between the calculated and the measured concentrations in the gas and liquid phases, with one exception do not exceed 1 mole %.
Źródło:
Chemical and Process Engineering; 2012, 33, 3; 463-477
0208-6425
2300-1925
Pojawia się w:
Chemical and Process Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Experimental and numerical investigation of electrostatic spray liquid-liquid extraction with ionic liquids
Autorzy:
Krawczyk, M.
Kamiński, K.
Petera, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/185100.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
ciecze jonowe
ekstrakcja ciecz-ciecz
symulacja numeryczna
electrostatic spray
ionic liquids
liquid-liquid extraction
numerical simulation
Opis:
A new concept of an electrostatic spray column for liquid-liquid extraction was investigated. An important problem for separation processes is the presence of azeotropic or close-boiling mixtures in their production, for example heptane with ethanol, since the separation is impossible by ordinary distillation. The use of ionic liquids (IL) as a dispersed solvent specially engineered for any specific organic mixture in terms of selectivity is a key factor to successful separation. As IL present particularly attractive combination of favorable characteristics for the separation of heptane and ethanol, in this work we use 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium methyl sulfate [BMIM][MeSO4]. Because of high viscosity and relatively high cost of IL a new technique was introduced, consisting in the electrostatically spray generation to enhance the mass transport between the phases. In order to optimally design the geometry of the contactor a series of numerical simulation was performed. Especially multi-nozzle variants for better exploitation of contactor volume were investigated. Experiments showed excellent possibility of control of the dispersion characteristics by applied voltage and thus control of the rate of extraction. The preliminary simulations based on our mathematical model for a three nozzle variant exhibited visual agreement with the theory of electrostatics.
Źródło:
Chemical and Process Engineering; 2012, 33, 1; 167-183
0208-6425
2300-1925
Pojawia się w:
Chemical and Process Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Liquid-Liquid Extraction in Systems Containing Butanol and Ionic Liquids – A Review
Autorzy:
Kubiczek, A.
Kamiński, W.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/185850.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
extraction
ionic liquids
butanol
liquid-liquid equilibrium
NRTL equation
ekstrakcja
ciecze jonowe
Równowaga ciecz-ciecz
Równanie NRTL
Opis:
Room-temperature ionic liquids (RTILs) are a moderately new class of liquid substances that are characterized by a great variety of possible anion-cation combinations giving each of them different properties. For this reason, they have been termed as designer solvents and, as such, they are particularly promising for liquid-liquid extraction, which has been quite intensely studied over the last decade. This paper concentrates on the recent liquid-liquid extraction studies involving ionic liquids, yet focusing strictly on the separation of n-butanol from model aqueous solutions. Such research is undertaken mainly with the intention of facilitating biological butanol production, which is usually carried out through the ABE fermentation process. So far, various sorts of RTILs have been tested for this purpose while mostly ternary liquid-liquid systems have been investigated. The industrial design of liquid-liquid extraction requires prior knowledge of the state of thermodynamic equilibrium and its relation to the process parameters. Such knowledge can be obtained by performing a series of extraction experiments and employing a certain mathematical model to approximate the equilibrium. There are at least a few models available but this paper concentrates primarily on the NRTL equation, which has proven to be one of the most accurate tools for correlating experimental equilibrium data. Thus, all the presented studies have been selected based on the accepted modeling method. The reader is also shown how the NRTL equation can be used to model liquid-liquid systems containing more than three components as it has been the authors’ recent area of expertise.
Źródło:
Chemical and Process Engineering; 2017, 38, 1; 97-110
0208-6425
2300-1925
Pojawia się w:
Chemical and Process Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Application of numerical modelling to scaling-up of electrically induced extraction from an organic mixture using an ionic liquid
Autorzy:
Kamiński, K.
Weatherley, L.R.
Petera, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/185391.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
scaling-up
finite element analysis
liquid-liquid extraction
ionic liquids
electrospray
skalowanie
analiza metodą elementów skończonych
ekstrakcja ciecz-ciecz
ciecze jonowe
elektrorozpylanie
Opis:
Liquid-liquid extraction provides an environmentally friendly process as an alternative to azeotropic distillation, pervaporation and reverse osmosis because these techniques require the use of large amounts of energy, may involve volatile organic compounds, and operation at high pressureIonic liquids (ILs) continue to gain wide recognition as potential environmentally friendly solvents due to their unique properties. However due to their current high cost, their use in industry is seriously limited without an efficient methodology for recovery and recycle. In this paper we describe an innovative methodology for a liquid-liquid extraction process based on an electrically induced emulsion of an ionic liquid as the extracting solvent dispersed in an organic mixture. This offers a most efficient exploitation of the solvent. On the other hand we present our own design of a pilot (semi-industrial) scale extractor based on this methodology and which demonstrates effective recovery of the ionic liquid. In order to achieve this goal we used a numerical modelling tool implemented using our own simulation software based on the finite element method. We also used our original previous experience with generating and investigating liquid-liquid electrosprays using phase Doppler anemometry. Finally we present recommendations for contactor geometry and for the preferred operating conditions for the extractor.
Źródło:
Chemical and Process Engineering; 2016, 37, 1; 133-148
0208-6425
2300-1925
Pojawia się w:
Chemical and Process Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Modelling of the Bubble Size Distribution in an Aerated Stirred Tank: Theoretical and Numerical Comparison of Different Breakup Models
Autorzy:
Kálal, Z.
Jahoda, M.
Fořt, I.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/185190.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
CFD
mieszanie
ciecz-gaz
mixing
gas-liquid
population balance
bubble breakup
Opis:
The main topic of this study is the mathematical modelling of bubble size distributions in an aerated stirred tank using the population balance method. The air-water system consisted of a fully baffled vessel with a diameter of 0.29 m, which was equipped with a six-bladed Rushton turbine. The secondary phase was introduced through a ring sparger situated under the impeller. Calculations were performed with the CFD software CFX 14.5. The turbulent quantities were predicted using the standard k-ε turbulence model. Coalescence and breakup of bubbles were modelled using the MUSIG method with 24 bubble size groups. For the bubble size distribution modelling, the breakup model by Luo and Svendsen (1996) typically has been used in the past. However, this breakup model was thoroughly reviewed and its practical applicability was questioned. Therefore, three different breakup models by Martínez-Bazán et al. (1999a, b), Lehr et al. (2002) and Alopaeus et al. (2002) were implemented in the CFD solver and applied to the system. The resulting Sauter mean diameters and local bubble size distributions were compared with experimental data.
Źródło:
Chemical and Process Engineering; 2014, 35, 3; 331-348
0208-6425
2300-1925
Pojawia się w:
Chemical and Process Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The homogeneity of immiscible liquid–liquid dispersion in a vessel agitated by Rushton turbine
Autorzy:
Formánek, Roman
Šulc, Radek
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2086793.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
liquid–liquid dispersion homogeneity
Sauter mean diameter
drop size distribution
Rushton turbine
intermittency turbulence
jednorodność dyspersji ciecz-ciecz
Sauter średnia średnica
rozkład wielkości kropli
Turbina Rushtona
turbulencje z przerwami
Opis:
The homogeneity of an immiscible liquid–liquid system was investigated in a baffled vessel agitated by a Rushton turbine. The dispersion homogeneity was analyzed by comparing Sauter mean diameters and drop size distribution (DSD) determined in different measured regions for various impeller speeds. The sizes of droplets were obtained by the in-situ measurement technique and by the Image Analysis (IA) method. Dispersion kinetics was successfully fitted with Hong and Lee (1983) model. The effect of intermittency turbulence on drop size reported by Bałdyga and Podgórska (1998) was analyzed and the multifractal exponent was evaluated.
Źródło:
Chemical and Process Engineering; 2021, 42, 3; 209--222
0208-6425
2300-1925
Pojawia się w:
Chemical and Process Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Effect of the air to water ratio on the performance of internal mixing two-fluid atomiser
Autorzy:
Krawczyk, P.
Badyda, K.
Młynarz, S.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/185170.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
liquid atomisation
internal mixing two-fluid atomisers
mean diameter
SNCR
ciecz atomizacji
Opis:
One of the important parameters describing pneumatic liquid atomisation is the air to liquid mass ratio (ALR). Along with the atomiser design and properties of the liquid it has extremely important influence on parameters of atomised liquid such as: mean droplet diameter, jet range and angle. Knowledge about real characteristics of an atomiser in this respect is necessary to correctly choose its operating parameters in industrial applications. The paper presents results of experimental research of two-fluid atomisers with internal mixing built according to custom design. Investigated atomizers were designed for spraying a urea aqueous solution inside the power boiler combustion chamber. They are an important element of SNCR (selective non-catalytic reduction) installation which is used to reduce nitrogen oxides in a flue gas boiler. Obtained results were used by authors in further research, among others to determine the boundary conditions in the SNCR installation modeling. The research included determining mean droplet diameter as a function of ALR. It has been based on the immersion liquid method and on the use of specialised instrumentation for determining distribution of droplet diameters in a spray – Spraytec by Malvern. Results obtained with both methods were later compared. The measurements were performed at a laboratory stand located at the Institute of Heat Engineering, Warsaw University of Technology. The stand enables extensive investigation of the water atomisation process.
Źródło:
Chemical and Process Engineering; 2016, 37, 4; 461-471
0208-6425
2300-1925
Pojawia się w:
Chemical and Process Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
A new application of 2–benzoylpyridine – efficient removal of silver ions from acidic aqueous solutions via adsorption process on polymeric material and classic solvent extraction
Autorzy:
Kaczorowska, Małgorzata A.
Bożejewicz, Daria
Witt, Katarzyna
Urbaniak, Włodzimierz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2202879.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
2–benzoylpyridine
adsorptive polymer materials
liquid–liquid extraction
silver(I) and copper(II) ions
mass spectrometry
2-benzoilopirydyna
adsorpcyjne materiały polimerowe
ekstrakcja ciecz-ciecz
jony srebra(I) i miedzi(II).
spekrtometria masy
Opis:
In this article, we present the results of the first application of 2–benzoylpyridine (2–BP) as a carrier in adsorptive polymeric materials dedicated for the removal of Ag(I) and Cu(II) ions from model acidic solutions. In the first stage of the research, the classical solvent extraction, in which 2–BP was used as an extractant, allowed to determine the proper conditions for conducting adsorptive processes. The stability constants of 2–BP complexes with analyzed metal ions were determined using the spectrophotometric method. The electrospray ionization (ESI) high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) method was applied for the confirmation of the ability of 2–BP molecules to form complexes with Cu2 ̧ metal ions in a solution and to determine the elemental composition of generated complexes (to identify the ratio of the number of metal ions to the number of molecules of 2–BP). The obtained results indicate that both the adsorptive processes and solvent extraction strongly depend on the properties of metal ions and that the use of 2–BP as a carrier/extractant allows for efficient removal of silver(I) ions and much less effective removal of copper(II) ions. The utilization of adsorptive polymeric materials is in line with the contemporary research trends that focus on eco-friendly and cost-effective methods.
Źródło:
Chemical and Process Engineering; 2022, 43, 3; 369--382
0208-6425
2300-1925
Pojawia się w:
Chemical and Process Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Pressure drop in two-phase gas-liquid (Taylor) flow in microreactors
Autorzy:
Cygański, P.
Sobieszuk, P.
Pohorecki, R.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/185780.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
przepływ Taylora
przepływ gaz-ciecz
spadek ciśnienia
mikroreaktor
gas-liquid Taylor flow
microreactor
pressure drop
Opis:
The pressure drop in microreactors for the gas - liquid Taylor flow was measured for 4 different microreactor geometries and 3 different gas - liquid systems. The results have been compared with the existing literature correlations. A selection of the best correlations has been made.
Źródło:
Chemical and Process Engineering; 2012, 33, 3; 369-384
0208-6425
2300-1925
Pojawia się w:
Chemical and Process Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
CFD prediction of gas-liquid flow in an aerated stirred vessel using the population balance model
Autorzy:
Kálal, Z.
Jahoda, M.
Fořt, I.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/185765.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
CFD
mixing tank
gas-liquid
drag correction
bubble size distribution
zbiornik mieszający
gaz-ciecz
korekta przeciągania
rozkład wielkości pęcherzyków
Opis:
The main topic of this study is the experimental measurement and mathematical modelling of global gas hold-up and bubble size distribution in an aerated stirred vessel using the population balance method. The air-water system consisted of a mixing tank of diameter T= 0.29 m, which was equipped with a six-bladed Rushton turbine. Calculations were performed with CFD software CFX 14.5. Turbulent quantities were predicted using the standard k-ε turbulence model. Coalescence and breakup of bubbles were modelled using the homogeneous MUSIG method with 24 bubble size groups. To achieve a better prediction of the turbulent quantities, simulations were performed with much finer meshes than those that have been adopted so far for bubble size distribution modelling. Several different drag coefficient correlations were implemented in the solver, and their influence on the results was studied. Turbulent drag correction to reduce the bubble slip velocity proved to be essential to achieve agreement of the simulated gas distribution with experiments. To model the disintegration of bubbles, the widely adopted breakup model by Luo & Svendsen was used. However, its applicability was questioned.
Źródło:
Chemical and Process Engineering; 2014, 35, 1; 55-73
0208-6425
2300-1925
Pojawia się w:
Chemical and Process Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Numerical analysis of momentum transfer processes in a mechanically agitated air – biophase – liquid system
Autorzy:
Musiał, M.
Cudak, J.
Karcz, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/185828.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
numerical modelling
momentum transfer
gas-solid-liquid system
bioreactor
modelowanie numeryczne
transfer pędu
układ gaz-ciało stałe-ciecz
bioreaktor
Opis:
The results of numerical computations concerning momentum transfer processes in an air – biophase – liquid system agitated in a bioreactor equipped with baffles and a Smith turbine (CD 6 impeller) are presented in this paper. The effect of sucrose concentration on the distributions of the velocity of the continuous phase, gas hold-up and the size of gas bubbles in the system was analysed. Simulation results were presented in the form of the contours of the analysed magnitudes. The effect of sucrose concentration on the averaged values (i.e. determined on the basis of local values) of gas hold-up and gas bubbles size was evaluated. The results of the numerical computations of gas hold-up were compared with our own experimental data.
Źródło:
Chemical and Process Engineering; 2017, 38, 3; 465-475
0208-6425
2300-1925
Pojawia się w:
Chemical and Process Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Liquid Perfluorochemicals as Flexible and Efficient Gas Carriers Applied in Bioprocess Engineering: An Updated Overview and Future Prospects
Autorzy:
Pilarek, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/185200.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
ciecz perfluorochemiczna
fluorowęgiel
gaz ciekły
rozpuszczalność
hybrydowy system hodowli
liquid perfluorochemical
fluorocarbon
liquid gas carrier
solubility
cell/tissue culture
hybrid culture system
Opis:
Fully synthetic, biochemically inert and water-immiscible liquid perfluorochemicals (PFCs) are recognised as flexible liquid carriers/scavengers of gaseous compounds (respiratory gases mainly, i.e. O2 and CO2) and increasingly applied in bioprocess engineering. A range of unmatched physicochemical properties of liquid PFCs, i.e. outstanding chemo- and thermostability, extremely low surface tension, simultaneous hydro- and lipophobicity, which result from carbon chain substitution with fluorine atoms (the most electronegative chemical element) and the presence of intramolecular C–F bonds (the strongest single bond known in organic chemistry) have been described in detail. Exceptional propensity to solubility of respiratory gases in liquid perfluorinated compounds has been widely discussed. Advantages and disadvantages of bioprocess applications of liquid PFCs in the form of a pure PFC as well as in an emulsified form have been pointed out. A liquid PFC-mediated mass transfer intensification in various types of microbial, plant cell and animal cell culture systems: from miniaturised microlitre-scale cultures, via biomaterial-based scaffolds containing culture systems, to litre-scale bioreactors, has been reviewed and elaborated on bearing in mind the benefits of bioprocesses.
Źródło:
Chemical and Process Engineering; 2014, 35, 4; 463-487
0208-6425
2300-1925
Pojawia się w:
Chemical and Process Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Energetic efficiency of mass transfer accompanied by chemical reactions in liquid-liquid systems
Autorzy:
Jasińska, M.
Bałdyga, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/185369.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
chemical test reactions
energetic efficiency of mixing
mass transfer\liquid-liquid
system
rotor-stator mixer
chemiczne reakcje testowe
efektywność energetyczna mieszania
przeniesienie masy
ciecz
Opis:
Energetic efficiency depicting the fraction of energy dissipation rate used to perform processes of drop breakup and mass transfer in two-phase, liquid-liquid systems is considered. Results of experiments carried out earlier in two types of high-shear mixers: an in-line rotor-stator mixer and a batch rotor-stator mixer, have been applied to identify and compare the efficiency of drop breakage and mass transfer in both types of mixers. The applied method is based on experimental determination of both: the product distribution of chemical test reactions and the drop size distributions. Experimental data are interpreted using a multifractal model of turbulence for drop breakage and the model by Favelukis and Lavrenteva for mass transfer. Results show that the energetic efficiency of the in-line mixer is higher than that of the batch mixer; two stator geometries were considered in the case of the batch mixer and the energetic efficiency of the device equipped with a standard emulsor screen (SES) was higher than the efficiency of the mixer equipped with a general purpose disintegrating head (GPDH) for drop breakup but smaller for mass transfer.
Źródło:
Chemical and Process Engineering; 2017, 38, 3; 433-444
0208-6425
2300-1925
Pojawia się w:
Chemical and Process Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Modelling of a hybrid culture system with a stationary layer of liquid perfluorochemical applied as oxygen carrier
Autorzy:
Pilarek, M.
Dąbkowska, K.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/185054.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
liquid perfluorochemical (fluorocarbon)
liquid gas carrier
mathematical modelling
cell/tissue culture
hybrid culture system
ciecz perfluorochemiczna (fluorowęglowa)
gaz ciekły
modelowanie matematyczne
hybrydowy system hodowli
Opis:
A mathematical model of a hybrid culture system supported with a stationary layer of liquid perfluorochemical (PFC) as a source of O2 for cells which grow in the aqueous phase of culture medium has been developed and discussed. The two-substrate Monod kinetics without inhibition effects, i.e. the Tsao-Hanson equation, has been assumed to characterise the biomass growth. The Damköhler number which relates the growth rate to the mass transfer effects has been used to appraise the regime (i.e. diffusion-limited or kinetics) of the whole process. The proposed model predicted accurately previously published data on the submerged batch cultures of Nicotiana tabacum BY-2 heterotrophic cells performed in a culture system supported with a stationary layer of hydrophobic perfluorodecalin as a liquid O2 carrier. Estimated values of the parameters of the model showed that the process proceeded in the kinetics regime and the growth kinetics, not the effects of the mass transfer between aqueous phase and liquid PFC, had essential influence on the growth of biomass.
Źródło:
Chemical and Process Engineering; 2016, 37, 1; 149-158
0208-6425
2300-1925
Pojawia się w:
Chemical and Process Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
    Wyświetlanie 1-14 z 14

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