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    Wyświetlanie 1-9 z 9
    Tytuł:
    Experimental Study of the Explosion of Aluminized Explosives in Air
    Autorzy:
    Chen, Y.
    Xu, S.
    Wu, D. J.
    Liu, D. B.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/358676.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2016
    Wydawca:
    Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz - Instytut Przemysłu Organicznego
    Tematy:
    explosion in air
    aluminized explosives
    boron powders
    TNT equivalence
    fireballs
    Opis:
    Piezoelectric gauges were used to measure the shock wave overpressure of aluminized explosives and of a TNT charge. An infrared thermal-imaging spectrometer was used to collect the infrared signatures produced by the explosion fireball when the examined explosives were detonated. The measurement of the infrared signatures was used to estimate the surface temperatures and the dimensions of the fireball. Two aluminized explosive compositions (RDX/Al/AP and RDX/Al/B/AP) have been analyzed. 500 g charges of the aluminized explosives were prepared and studied, and their TNT equivalences were calculated according to the experimental data and the explosion law. The highest surface temperatures of the fireballs of these aluminized explosives were up to 1600 °C, which was higher than that of the TNT charge. In the region of the highest surface temperature above 700 °C, the duration for the composition RDX/Al/AP was about 232 ms (2.73 times more than TNT), whilst RDX/Al/B/AP was about 360 ms. The fireballs obtained from the explosion of these aluminized explosives had larger dimensions than that of TNT, especially when the surface temperature was above 1000 °C. The test results indicate that the addition of boron powders to aluminized explosives is a good way to enhance their blast effect, to improve the temperature of the explosion field and to prolong the duration of the higher temperature.
    Źródło:
    Central European Journal of Energetic Materials; 2016, 13, 1; 117-134
    1733-7178
    Pojawia się w:
    Central European Journal of Energetic Materials
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Investigation on Irreversible Expansion of 1,3,5-Triamino-2,4,6-trinitrobenzene Cylinder
    Autorzy:
    Sun, J.
    Kang, B.
    Zhang, H.
    Liu, Y.
    Xia, Y.
    Yao, Y.
    Liu, X.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/357936.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2011
    Wydawca:
    Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz - Instytut Przemysłu Organicznego
    Tematy:
    TATB
    irreversible expansion
    XRD
    lattice parameters
    Opis:
    In this study, the irreversible expansion of TATB cylinder is investigated. No evident variation of the lattice parameters is observed on TATB crystal. The density of TATB powder decreases by only about 0.02% after it suffered from thermal cycling process at the range from -54 C to 74 C, while the density of TATB cylinder decreases by about 1.0%. It is suggested that the density variation of TATB powder has little contribution to the density decrease of TATB cylinder. Therefore, the increasing interstices between TATB powder originated from the thermal cycling should be responsible to the irreversible expansion of TATB cylinder.
    Źródło:
    Central European Journal of Energetic Materials; 2011, 8, 1; 69-79
    1733-7178
    Pojawia się w:
    Central European Journal of Energetic Materials
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    An Insensitive Booster Explosive: DAAF Surface-coated with Viton A
    Autorzy:
    Li, X.
    Wu, B.
    Liu, S.
    An, C.
    Wang, J.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/358841.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2018
    Wydawca:
    Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz - Instytut Przemysłu Organicznego
    Tematy:
    DAAF
    refinement
    surface-coated
    thermal analysis
    impact sensitivity
    Opis:
    3,3’-Diamino-4,4’-azoxyfurazan (DAAF) is the principal component of an insensitive booster explosive; refined DAAF and DAAF surface-coated with Viton A were prepared. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) were employed to characterize the morphology, composition, and thermal decomposition of these samples. The impact sensitivity and theoretical detonation velocity of DAAF-based composites were also measured and analyzed. The results showed that DAAF surface-coated with Viton A was successfully obtained, and the impact sensitivity of DAAF/Viton A composites was much lower than that of crude DAAF. In addition, DAAF/Viton A composites exhibited better thermal stability compared to crude DAAF and refined DAAF. The theoretical detonation velocity of DAAF/Viton A composites and TATB/Viton A composites are roughly the same. Therefore, there is still great potential for DAAF to be used as the main explosive component of a booster explosive.
    Źródło:
    Central European Journal of Energetic Materials; 2018, 15, 3; 445-455
    1733-7178
    Pojawia się w:
    Central European Journal of Energetic Materials
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Comparative Theoretical Investigation on Energetic Substituted Furazanyl Ethers
    Autorzy:
    Liu, N.
    Wang, K.
    Shu, Y.
    Zeman, S.
    Wang, B.
    Wang, W.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/358622.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2018
    Wydawca:
    Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz - Instytut Przemysłu Organicznego
    Tematy:
    furazanyl ethers
    heats of formation
    bond dissociation energy
    detonation performance
    melting point
    Opis:
    Furazanyl ether has great potential to be an important candidate as a casting explosive and energetic plasticizer. The density functional theory (DFT) method was used to investigate the heats of formation (HOFs), molecular stability, detonation performance and melting point of a series of substituted furazanyl ethers at B3LYP/6-311G(d,p) level. The results show that the introduction of –N3 or –N(O)=N– groups significantly improves the HOFs values of the derivatives. The bond dissociation energies (BDEs) were analyzed, showing that the N–O bond in the furazan ring is the weakest for most compounds and the ring is vulnerable to cleavage in thermal decomposition. The calculation of density, detonation velocities and detonation pressures suggests that the substitution of –NF2, –CF(NO2)2, furoxan or –N(O)=N– group is an effective method for enhancing their detonation performance. The melting points were determined according to the variation of specific heat capacity, and good estimates were obtained in comparison with the available experimental data. Taking into account the detonation performance and melting point, four compounds are favoured for application in melt cast explosive or energetic plasticizers.
    Źródło:
    Central European Journal of Energetic Materials; 2018, 15, 1; 47-71
    1733-7178
    Pojawia się w:
    Central European Journal of Energetic Materials
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Synthesis, Characterization and Thermal Decomposition of a New Energetic Salt of 1H,1′H-5,5′-Bistetrazole-1,1′-diol
    Autorzy:
    Xiao, L.
    Jin, B.
    Shang, Y.
    Liu, Q.
    Guo, Z.
    Peng, R.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/358377.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2018
    Wydawca:
    Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz - Instytut Przemysłu Organicznego
    Tematy:
    1,1-dimethylbiguanidium 1H,1′H-5,5′-bistetrazole-1,1′-diolate (MGBTO)
    single crystal
    thermal properties
    energetic properties
    Opis:
    1,1-Dimethylbiguanidium 1H,1′H-5,5′-bistetrazole-1,1′-diolate (MGBTO), a novel nitrogen-rich energetic salt, was synthesized by cation exchange. Its structure was characterized by elemental analysis, FTIR, NMR, DTA and TG-DTG. Single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis revealed that MGBTO was crystallized in the monoclinic space group C2/c. Thermal analysis demonstrated that its thermal stability extended up to 531.1 K. The nonisothermal kinetic and apparent thermodynamic parameters of the exothermic decomposition of MGBTO were determined by the Kissinger and Ozawa methods. Its detonation velocity and detonation pressure were calculated on the basis of the Kamlet-Jacobs equation and were 6342 m·s–1 and 15.78 GPa, respectively. The impact and friction sensitivities of MGBTO were quantified using standard BAM (10 kg drop hammer) procedures. The results revealed that the salt has good mechanical sensitivity (FS > 120 N, IS > 40 J), thus indicating its potential applications as an energetic material.
    Źródło:
    Central European Journal of Energetic Materials; 2018, 15, 3; 405-419
    1733-7178
    Pojawia się w:
    Central European Journal of Energetic Materials
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Synthesis, Crystal Structure, and Properties of a Novel, Highly Sensitive Energetic, Coordination Compound: Iron (II) Carbohydrazide Perchlorate
    Autorzy:
    Liu, R.
    Zhou, Z.
    Qi, S.
    Yang, L.
    Wu, B.
    Huang, H.
    Zhang, T.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/358343.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2013
    Wydawca:
    Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz - Instytut Przemysłu Organicznego
    Tematy:
    iron (II) carbohydrazide perchlorate
    energetic material
    high
    sensitivity
    DFT
    energy gap
    Opis:
    A single crystal of iron (II) carbohydrazide perchlorate [FeII (CHZ)3](ClO4)2 (FeCP), a novel, lead-free, energetic coordination compound, was synthesized and its structure determined by X-ray single crystal diffraction for the frst time. The crystal belongs to the monoclinic system P2(1)/n space group, with a = 1.0066(2) nm, b = 0.8458(2) nm, c = 2.1194(4) nm, β = 100.693(3)° and Z = 4. The central Fe(II) ion is coordinated to three bidentate carbohydrazide units through the carbonyl oxygen atom and an amino nitrogen atom, forming a six-coordinated, non-centrosymmetric complex cation. The thermal analyses by differential scanning calorimetry and thermogravimetry show that the onset temperature of thermal decomposition (152.7 °C) and the critical temperature of thermal explosion of FeCP (161.2 °C) are both much lower than those of other transition metal carbohydrazide perchlorate compounds, and also those of some other primary explosives in service. FeCP has a high enthalpy of combustion, as measured by oxygen bomb calorimetry. The impact, friction and fame sensitivity tests indicate that FeCP is extremely sensitive and hazardous. Unexpected explosions occurred even during the operational processes. In order to explore the intrinsic cause of these explosions, theoretical calculations of the orbital energies were performed based on DTF. These results reveal that the impact sensitivity is positively correlated with the energy gap between HOMO and LUMO: the smaller energy gap results in the higher impact sensitivity.
    Źródło:
    Central European Journal of Energetic Materials; 2013, 10, 1; 17-36
    1733-7178
    Pojawia się w:
    Central European Journal of Energetic Materials
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Coating of LiBH4 and Its Effect on the Decomposition of RDX and AP
    Autorzy:
    Ding, X.
    Shu, Y.
    Chen, Z.
    Liu, N.
    Gou, B.
    Zhang, J.
    Wu, M.
    Xie, G.
    Dang, T.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/358086.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2017
    Wydawca:
    Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz - Instytut Przemysłu Organicznego
    Tematy:
    coating
    hydride
    additive
    hygroscopicity
    DSC
    Opis:
    The novel fuel additive LiBH4 was introduced as an energetic component for its outstanding hydrogen content, perfect burning performance and high reactivity. In order to limit the hygroscopicity and to improve the stability in the air, LiBH4 was coated on the surface with wax and polyester carbonate. The final product was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray photoelectron energy spectroscopy (XPS) and Raman spectroscopy, while the stability in air was investigated by regular checking of variations in weight. The results show that a uniform coating layer was formed on the surface of the LiBH4, and the coverage was estimated from the boron content as approximately 82%. A healing effect was confirmed on defective surfaces exposed to air; the coating layer improves the relative stability by 50.7%. Furthermore, LiBH4 as an additive to promote the thermal decomposition of 1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-trazinane (RDX) and ammonium perchlorate (AP) was explored by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), in which the catalytic effects of pure LiBH4 and coated LiBH4 were compared, and indicated that the coating does not decrease the reactivity of LiBH4. It is suggested that surface coating with some inert materials is a simple and effective method for improving the storage and performance of LiBH4, while ensuring its reactivity.
    Źródło:
    Central European Journal of Energetic Materials; 2017, 14, 1; 134-151
    1733-7178
    Pojawia się w:
    Central European Journal of Energetic Materials
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Thermally induced damage in hexanitrohexaazaisowurtzitane
    Autorzy:
    Tian, Q.
    Yan, G.
    Sun, G.
    Huang, C.
    Xie, L.
    Chen, B.
    Huang, M.
    Li, H.
    Liu, X.
    Wang, J.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/358735.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2013
    Wydawca:
    Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz - Instytut Przemysłu Organicznego
    Tematy:
    CL-20
    SAXS
    AFM
    thermal effects
    voids
    Opis:
    The evolution of the microstructure of hexanitrohexaazaisowurtzitane (CL-20) after a thermal stimulus plays a key role in the performance of CL-20. In the current work, microstructural variations of CL-20 caused by thermal treatment were investigated by X-ray diffraction, in situ variable-temperature optical microscopy, atom force microscopy, and small-angle X-ray scattering. A wave-like process, an abrupt volume expansion, movement, and fragmentation of CL-20 particles during phase transition were observed. After the phase transition (160 °C) the CL-20 sample acquired a very rough surface with numerous dimple depressions, and during the thermal decomposition stage (200 °C) a large number of voids were produced in both the bulk and the surface of the CL-20.
    Źródło:
    Central European Journal of Energetic Materials; 2013, 10, 3; 359-369
    1733-7178
    Pojawia się w:
    Central European Journal of Energetic Materials
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    The Microstructural Evolution in HMX Based Plastic-bonded Explosive During Heating and Cooling Process: an in situ Small-angle Scattering Study
    Autorzy:
    Yan, G.
    Tian, Q.
    Liu, J.
    Fan, Z.
    Sun, G.
    Zhang, C.
    Wang, Y.
    Chen, B.
    Gong, J.
    Zhou, X.
    Yang, Z.
    Nie, F.
    Li, J.
    Li, X.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/358618.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2016
    Wydawca:
    Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz - Instytut Przemysłu Organicznego
    Tematy:
    SANS
    SAXS
    HMX-PBX
    thermal damages
    phase transition
    Opis:
    The thermal damage in octahydro-1,3,5,7-tetranitro-1,3,5,7-tetrazocine (HMX) based plastic-bonded explosive (PBX) was investigated using in situ small-angle neutron and X-ray scattering techniques. The microstructural evolution was quantitatively characterized by the model fitting parameters of total interfacial surface area (Sv) and void volume distribution. The Sv of HMX-PBX decreased markedly above 100 °C, indicating the movement of binder into the voids. After subsequent cooling to room temperature, the scattering intensity increased significantly with increasing storage time, and a new population of voids with average diameter of 20 nm was observed, accompanied by the gradual phase transition of HMX from δ- to β-phase. The experimental results implied that serious damage within the HMX-PBX was developed during storage after heating.
    Źródło:
    Central European Journal of Energetic Materials; 2016, 13, 4; 916-926
    1733-7178
    Pojawia się w:
    Central European Journal of Energetic Materials
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
      Wyświetlanie 1-9 z 9

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