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    Wyświetlanie 1-4 z 4
    Tytuł:
    Thermally Induced Polymorphic Transformation of Hexanitrohexaazaisowurtzitane (HNIW) Investigated by in-situ X-ray Powder Diffraction
    Autorzy:
    Liu, Y.
    Li, S.
    Wang, Z.
    Xu, J.
    Sun, J.
    Huang, H.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/358065.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2016
    Wydawca:
    Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz - Instytut Przemysłu Organicznego
    Tematy:
    HNIW
    polymorphism
    in situ X-ray diffraction
    phase transition
    heat stimulation
    Opis:
    The ε→γ phase transition of HNIW induced by heat was investigated with in situ X-ray powder diffraction (PXRD). The effects of purity, particle size, insensitive additives and the time of isothermal heat treatment on the phase transition were evaluated. It was found that the phase transition is irreversible with changes in temperature, and the two phases can coexist in a certain temperature range. Moreover, the initial phase transition temperature increases with increasing purity and decreasing particle size of HNIW, and thus with the approximate crystal density. The addition of graphite and paraffin wax to HNIW as insensitive additives leads to a decrease in the initial phase transition temperature, but the addition of TATB does not affect the initial phase transition temperature. Thus, TATB is a suitable insensitive additive. Moreover, at the critical temperature, the isothermal time determined the efficiency of the ε- to γ-phase transition. This work lays the foundations for the choice of molding technologies, performance test methods, ammunition storage options, as well as the manufacture of HNIW-based explosive formulations.
    Źródło:
    Central European Journal of Energetic Materials; 2016, 13, 4; 1023-1037
    1733-7178
    Pojawia się w:
    Central European Journal of Energetic Materials
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Synthesis, Crystal Structure, and Properties of a Novel, Highly Sensitive Energetic, Coordination Compound: Iron (II) Carbohydrazide Perchlorate
    Autorzy:
    Liu, R.
    Zhou, Z.
    Qi, S.
    Yang, L.
    Wu, B.
    Huang, H.
    Zhang, T.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/358343.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2013
    Wydawca:
    Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz - Instytut Przemysłu Organicznego
    Tematy:
    iron (II) carbohydrazide perchlorate
    energetic material
    high
    sensitivity
    DFT
    energy gap
    Opis:
    A single crystal of iron (II) carbohydrazide perchlorate [FeII (CHZ)3](ClO4)2 (FeCP), a novel, lead-free, energetic coordination compound, was synthesized and its structure determined by X-ray single crystal diffraction for the frst time. The crystal belongs to the monoclinic system P2(1)/n space group, with a = 1.0066(2) nm, b = 0.8458(2) nm, c = 2.1194(4) nm, β = 100.693(3)° and Z = 4. The central Fe(II) ion is coordinated to three bidentate carbohydrazide units through the carbonyl oxygen atom and an amino nitrogen atom, forming a six-coordinated, non-centrosymmetric complex cation. The thermal analyses by differential scanning calorimetry and thermogravimetry show that the onset temperature of thermal decomposition (152.7 °C) and the critical temperature of thermal explosion of FeCP (161.2 °C) are both much lower than those of other transition metal carbohydrazide perchlorate compounds, and also those of some other primary explosives in service. FeCP has a high enthalpy of combustion, as measured by oxygen bomb calorimetry. The impact, friction and fame sensitivity tests indicate that FeCP is extremely sensitive and hazardous. Unexpected explosions occurred even during the operational processes. In order to explore the intrinsic cause of these explosions, theoretical calculations of the orbital energies were performed based on DTF. These results reveal that the impact sensitivity is positively correlated with the energy gap between HOMO and LUMO: the smaller energy gap results in the higher impact sensitivity.
    Źródło:
    Central European Journal of Energetic Materials; 2013, 10, 1; 17-36
    1733-7178
    Pojawia się w:
    Central European Journal of Energetic Materials
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    A Comprehensive Study of the Electrostatic Discharge Sensitivity and Chargeability of Tris(carbohydrazide)zinc Perchlorate
    Autorzy:
    Li, Z.
    Zeng, D.
    Zhou, Z.
    Zhou, M.
    Zhang, T.
    Huang, H.
    Zhang, J.
    Yang, L.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/358298.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2014
    Wydawca:
    Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz - Instytut Przemysłu Organicznego
    Tematy:
    primary explosive
    tris(carbohydrazide)zinc perchlorate
    electrostatic discharge sensitivity
    chargeability
    Opis:
    Most primary explosives are non-conductors, easily accumulate charge when contacting with and separating from other materials, and are sensitive to electrostatic discharge (ESD). In order to reduce the number of accidents caused by ESD initiation of primary explosives, studies on their electrostatic hazards are necessary. This work presents comprehensive experimental results of electrostatic discharge sensitivity and chargeability of tris(carbohydrazide)zinc perchlorate (ZnCP) under different conditions. The influences of the testing conditions, of devices, particle size, ambient temperature and relative humidity on the electrostatic discharge sensitivity and chargeability have been investigated in detail, and the quantitative regression equations obtained.
    Źródło:
    Central European Journal of Energetic Materials; 2014, 11, 4; 553-573
    1733-7178
    Pojawia się w:
    Central European Journal of Energetic Materials
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Thermally induced damage in hexanitrohexaazaisowurtzitane
    Autorzy:
    Tian, Q.
    Yan, G.
    Sun, G.
    Huang, C.
    Xie, L.
    Chen, B.
    Huang, M.
    Li, H.
    Liu, X.
    Wang, J.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/358735.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2013
    Wydawca:
    Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz - Instytut Przemysłu Organicznego
    Tematy:
    CL-20
    SAXS
    AFM
    thermal effects
    voids
    Opis:
    The evolution of the microstructure of hexanitrohexaazaisowurtzitane (CL-20) after a thermal stimulus plays a key role in the performance of CL-20. In the current work, microstructural variations of CL-20 caused by thermal treatment were investigated by X-ray diffraction, in situ variable-temperature optical microscopy, atom force microscopy, and small-angle X-ray scattering. A wave-like process, an abrupt volume expansion, movement, and fragmentation of CL-20 particles during phase transition were observed. After the phase transition (160 °C) the CL-20 sample acquired a very rough surface with numerous dimple depressions, and during the thermal decomposition stage (200 °C) a large number of voids were produced in both the bulk and the surface of the CL-20.
    Źródło:
    Central European Journal of Energetic Materials; 2013, 10, 3; 359-369
    1733-7178
    Pojawia się w:
    Central European Journal of Energetic Materials
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
      Wyświetlanie 1-4 z 4

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