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Tytuł:
Valorization of Cobalt from Waste LIB Cathode through Cobalt Oxalate and Cobalt Oxide Synthesis by Leaching-Solvent Extract-Precipitation Stripping
Autorzy:
Swain, B.
Lee, J.-C.
Lee, C.-G.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/352333.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
valorization of cobalt
cobalt oxide powder
rod-shaped cobalt oxalate
precipitation stripping
Opis:
An ecoefficient, economical and sustainable valorization process for the synthesis of Co3O4 from waste lithium-ion battery (LIB) by leaching-solvent extract-scrubbing-precipitation stripping route has been developed. Through an optimization, the waste LIB cathode was leached using 2000 mole/m3 of H2SO4 and 5 Vol. % of the H2O2 at a pulp density of 100 kg/m3 under leaching time 60 minutes and temperature 75°C. From the separated leach liquor, cobalt was purified by saponified Cyanex 272. From cobalt, loaded Cyanex 272 impurities were scrubbed and the CoC2O4·2H2O was recovered through precipitation stripping. Finally, the precipitate was calcined to synthesize Co3O4, which is a precursor for LIB cathode materials manufacturing. From TGA-DTA, followed by XRD analysis it was confirmed that at 200°C the CoC2O4·2H2O can be converted to anhydrous CoC2O4 and at 350°C the anhydrous can be converted to Co3O4 and at 1100°C the Co3O4 can be converted to CoO. Through reported route waste LIB can back to LIB manufacturing process through a versatile and flexible industrial approach.
Źródło:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials; 2018, 63, 2; 1037-1042
1733-3490
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
A Study Of The Die Roll Height Of SHP-1 And SCP-1 Materials In The Fine Blanking Process
Badanie wysokości deformacji krawędzi wycinanych elementów ze stali SHP-1 i SCP-1 procesie wykrawania
Autorzy:
Lee, C. K.
Kim, Y. C.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/356499.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
die roll
fine blanking
SCP-1
share speed
SHP-1
v-rings
krawędzie
wykrawanie
szybkość działania
deformacja
Opis:
The height of the die roll, the distance of the V-ring, and the shear rate were varied with the aim of investigating the effects of the applied changes on the fine blanking line in a cold-rolled and a pickled steel sheet, referred to as SCP-1 and SHP-1, respectively. Both materials consisted primarily of a ferrite phase with small amounts of impurities including F, Mn, and Cr. The distance was found to be a very important factor in controlling the shear of the V-ring in the fine blanking process. When the position of the V-ring was set at distances of 1.5 mm and 2 mm, the die roll height increased with increasing shear speeds from 6.4 m/min to 10 and 16 m/min. Analysis of the influence of the shear rate revealed that low rates resulted in the lowest die roll heights since the flow of material was effectively inhibited.
Źródło:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials; 2015, 60, 2B; 1397-1402
1733-3490
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
A Study on Changes in Thickness of STS304 Material in the Progressive Drawing Process
Autorzy:
Lee, C. K.
Kim, Y. C.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/356710.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
body thickness
drawing
flange thickness
corner roundness
material thickness
Opis:
In the drawing process, the roundness of corners in the punch and the die are very important factors in determining the thicknesses of the product. The results clearly revealed that the thickness of a flange was increased and the thickness of body parts reduced when the roundness of the die entrance was small. The material thickness of the top part was decreased when the corner roundness of the punch was large. The smooth inflow of materials was found to have a significant effect on the thickness during the post-process. The compressive strength of STS 304 material exhibited a higher value compared with other processing methods. Moreover, we clearly observed the corner roundness of the punch and the die to be a very important factor for STS 304 materials.
Źródło:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials; 2017, 62, 2B; 1319-1323
1733-3490
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Rapid Synthesis of Gold Nano-Particles Using Pulse Waved Potential in a Non-Aqueous Electrolyte
Autorzy:
Jang, J. G.
Lee, J.-O.
Lee, C. K.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/352529.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
gold
nanoparticle
nonaqueous electrolyte
pulse wave
catalyst
Opis:
Rapid synthesis of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) by pulsed electrodeposition was investigated in the non-aqueous electrolyte, 1-ethyl-3-methyl-imidazoliumbis(trifluoro- methanesulfonyl)imide ([EMIM]TFSI) with gold trichloride (AuCl3). To aid the dissolution of AuCl3, 1-ethyl-3-methyl-imidazolium chloride ([EMIM]Cl) was used as a supporting electrolyte in [EMIM]TFSI. Cyclicvoltammetry experiments revealed a cathodic reaction corresponding to the reduction of gold at −0.4 V vs. Pt-QRE. To confirmthe electrodeposition process, potentiostatic electrodeposition of gold in the non-aqueous electrolyte was conducted at −0.4 V for 1 h at room temperature. To synthesize AuNPs, pulsed electrodeposition was conducted with controlled duty factor, pulse duration, and overpotential. The composition, particle-size distribution, and morphology of the AuNPs were confirmed by field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The electrodeposited AuNPs were uniformly distributed on the platinum electrode surface without any impurities arising from the non-aqueous electrolyte. The size distribution of AuNPs could be also controlled by the electrodeposition conditions.
Źródło:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials; 2017, 62, 2B; 1389-1392
1733-3490
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Effect of Surfactant Addition on Bi2Te3 Nanostructures Synthesized by Hydrothermal Method
Autorzy:
Dharmaiah, P.
Lee, C. H.
Madavali, B.
Hong, S.-J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/351609.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
bismuth telluride
hydrothermal synthesis
spark plasma sintering
thermoelectric materials
X-ray diffraction
Opis:
In the present work, we have prepared Bi2Te3 nanostructures with different morphologies such as nano-spherical, nanoplates and nanoflakes obtained using various surfactant additions (EG, PVP, and EDTA) by a hydrothermal method. The shape of the nanoparticles can be controlled by addition of surfactants. The samples were characterized by x-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). It is found that the minority BiOCl phase disappears after maintained pH at 10 with EG as surfactant. SEM bulk microstructure reveals that the sample consists of fine and coarse grains. Temperature dependence of thermoelectric properties of the nanostructured bulk sample was investigated in the range of 300-450K. The presence of nanograins in the bulk sample exhibits a reduction of thermal conductivity and less effect on electrical conductivity. As a result, a figure of merit of the sintered bulk sample reached 0.2 at 400 K. A maximum micro Vickers hardness of 102 Hv was obtained for the nanostructured sample, which was higher than the other reported results.
Źródło:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials; 2017, 62, 2B; 1005-1010
1733-3490
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Characterization of Cladding Hull Wastes from Used Nuclear Fuels
Charakterystyka odpadów z okładzin reaktora wodnego ciśnieniowego
Autorzy:
Kang, K. H.
Lee, C. H.
Jeon, M. K.
Han, S. Y.
Park, G. I.
Hwang, S.-M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/357036.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
used nuclear fuels
metal waste
cladding hulls
zircaloy
radioactivity
reaktor wodny ciśnieniowy
odpady metalowe
odpady z okładzin
radioaktywność
Opis:
Used cladding hulls from pressurized water reactor (PWR) are characterized to provide useful information for the treatment and disposal of cladding hull wastes. The radioactivity and the mass of gamma emitting nuclides increases with an increase in the fuel burn-up and their removal ratios are found to be more than 99 wt.% except Co-60 and Cs-137. In the result of measuring the concentrations of U and Pu included in the cladding hull wastes, most of the residues are remained on the surface and the removal ratio of U and Pu are revealed to be over 99.98 wt.% for the fuel burn-up of 35,000 MWd/tU. An electron probe micro-analyzer (EPMA) line scanning shows that radioactive fission products are penetrated into the Zr oxide layer, which is proportional to the fuel burn-up. The oxidative decladding process exhibits more efficient removal ratio of radionuclides.
Źródło:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials; 2015, 60, 2B; 1199-1203
1733-3490
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Structural Properties and Mechanical Behavior of the 2 Step-Reinforced Al-Si/SiCp Metal Matrix Composite by Titanium-Fiber
Autorzy:
Oak, J.-J.
Lee, Y. C.
Park, Y. H.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/356010.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
metal matrix composite
sintering
Ti fiber
mechanical properties
diffusion
Opis:
In this study, the newly designed Al-9Si/SiC particles (SiCp) + Ti-fiber (2step-reinforced Al-9Si alloy matrix) metal matrix composites (MMCs) were fabricated by hot-pressing sintering at 560°C. 2step-reinforced Al-based MMCs were characterized by thermal shrinkage, phase transition, microstructure and tensile strength. The addition of Ti-fiber reduced thermal shrinkage was caused by temperature difference in sintering process as well as enhanced assistance for tensile strength and plastic deformation at room temperature. Experimental results reveal that the 2step-reinforcment sintering by ceramic and metal has a significant effect to increase interface bonding in boundary of each component material and the improved mechanical properties were due to the influence of interfacial product by diffusion. Tensile strength and elongation at room temperature by 2step-reinforcement were improved in 19.5% and 26.2% more than those of Al-9Si/SiCp, respectively. Especially, it reveals that diffusion direction may be varied by sintering methods at low temperature in this study.
Źródło:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials; 2017, 62, 2B; 1089-1097
1733-3490
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Carbon Co-Deposition During Gas Reduction of Water-Atomized Fe-Cr-Mo Powder
Autorzy:
Ali, B.
Choi, S. H.
Seo, S. J.
Maeng, D. Y.
Lee, C. G.
Kim, T. S.
Park, K. T.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/352709.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
water atomization
Fe-based powder
oxide reduction
powder metallurgy
sinter-hardening alloys
Opis:
The water atomization of iron powder with a composition of Fe-3Cr-0.5Mo (wt.%) at 1600°C and 150 bar creates an oxide layer, which in this study was reduced using a mixture of methane (CH4) and argon (Ar) gas. The lowest oxygen content was achieved with a 100 cc/min flow rate of CH4, but this also resulted in a co-deposition of carbon due to the cracking of CH4. This carbon can be used directly to create high-quality, sinter hardenable steel, thereby eliminating the need for an additional mixing step prior to sintering. An exponential relationship was found to exist between the CH4 gas flow rate and carbon content of the powder, meaning that its composition can be easily controlled to suit a variety of different applications.
Źródło:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials; 2017, 62, 2B; 1119-1124
1733-3490
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Effect of Trace Elements (Co, Cr) on the Microstructure and Physical Properties of Al-Si-Cu-Mg-Fe Extruded Alloy
Autorzy:
Ahn, S. S.
Sharief, P.
Lee, C. H.
Son, H. T.
Kim, Y. H.
Kim, Y. C.
Hong, S.
Hong, S. J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/352787.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
Al-Si alloy
microstructure
extrusion
coefficient of thermal expansion
trace elements
Opis:
Trace elements Co, Cr were added to investigate their influence on the microstructure and physical properties of Al-Si extruded alloy. The Co, Cr elements were randomly distributed in the matrix, forms intermetallic phase and their existence wereconfirmed by XRD, EDS and SEM analysis. With addition of trace elements, the microstructure was modified, Si particle size was reduced and the growth rate of β-(Al5 FeSi) phase limited. Compared to parent alloy, hardness and tensile strength were enhanced while the linear coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) was significantly reduced by 42.4% and 16.05% with Co and Cr addition respectively. It is considered that the low CTE occurs with addition of Co was due to the formation of intermetallic compound having low coefficient of thermal expansion. The results suggested that Co acts as an effective element in improving the mechanical properties of Al-Si alloy.
Źródło:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials; 2019, 64, 3; 857-862
1733-3490
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Characterization Of The Graded Microstructure In Powder Sintered Porous Titanium
Charakterystyka gradientowej mikrostruktury porowatego tytanu spiekanego z proszku
Autorzy:
Oak, J.-J.
Bang, J. I.
Bae, K.-C.
Kim, Y. H.
Lee, Y. C.
Chun, H. H.
Park, Y. H.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/356239.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
titanium
powder metallurgy
porous structure
sintering
biomaterial
tytan
metalurgia proszków
struktura porowata
spiekanie
biomateriał
Opis:
The proposed sintering process produce porosity and functional graded microstructure in the sinterd titanium powders. Titanium powders with different micro sizes were sintered at the proposed temperature region at 1200 and 1300°C for 2h. The apatite-forming on the graded microstructure is observed by immersion test in Hanks balanced salt soluion at 37°C. Sintering condition of titanium powders is estimated by thermogravitmetry-differential thermal analysis (TG-DTA). The synthersied surface structures and apatite-forming ability were characterized by a field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) observation and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) analysis. As results, these graded microstructure of sintered porous titanium powders reveals apatite-forming ability as osseointegration by calcification in Hanks balanced salt soluion(HBSS) at 37°C.
Źródło:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials; 2015, 60, 2B; 1265-1269
1733-3490
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
A Study On Dispersion Stability Of Nickel Nanoparticles Synthesized By Wire Explosion In Liquid Media
Badanie stabilności dyspersji nanocząstek niklu wytworzonych metodą WEP w ciekłym medium
Autorzy:
Kim, C. K.
Lee, G.-J.
Lee, M. K.
Rhee, C. K.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/356909.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
nickel nanofluid
pulsed wire evaporation
surfactant
zeta potential
dispersion stability
nanocząstka niklu
środek powierzchniowo czynny
stabilność dyspersji
potencjał zeta
dyspersja
Opis:
In this study, nickel nanoparticles were synthesized in ethanol using portable pulsed wire evaporation, which is a one-step physical method. From transmission electron microscopy images, it was found that the Ni nanoparticles exhibited a spherical shape with an average diameter of 7.3 nm. To prevent aggregation of the nickel nanoparticles, a polymer surfactant was added into the ethanol before the synthesis of nickel nanoparticles, and adsorbed on the freshly synthesized nickel nanoparticles during the wire explosion. The dispersion stability of the prepared nickel nanofluids was investigated by zeta-potential analyzer and Turbiscan optical analyzer. As a result, the optimum concentration of polymer surfactant to be added was suggested for the maximized dispersion stability of the nickel nanofluids.
Źródło:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials; 2015, 60, 2B; 1379-1382
1733-3490
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Effect of Laser Preheating AISI 4140 Specimens for Micro-Forging
Autorzy:
Jung, C.
Lee, M. G.
Jeon, Y.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/351766.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
laser preheating
micro-forging
fatigue strength
ultrasonic fatigue test
hardness
Opis:
Many high performance and permanent service parts require suitable material characteristics-high fatigue strength is one of the most important characteristics. For this reason, surface treatment processes are essential to increase the material performance and avoid the use of costly ineffective material. There exist various surface treatment processes for various applications. Each process has advantages and disadvantages and hybridization can solve various problems. The micro-forging process delivers a controlled and uniform surface hardness, but the depth of the forged surface is limited. On the other hand, laser heat treatment can increase the hardness drastically, but the surface may become brittle, which reduces the fatigue life. Laser-assisted micro-forging is a novel hybrid process of laser heat treatment and micro-forging that has the potential to increase the forging depth and relax the stress caused by the high temperature of the forging process. This study examines the effect of laser preheating in the micro-forging of AISI 4140. The processes were varied as follows: no treatment, micro-forging only, and laser-assisted micro-forging. The fatigue strength of the specimens was examined by means of an ultrasonic fatigue tester and then compared. The microstructural changes were investigated with respect to the processes by using scanning electron microscopy. In conclusion, it was confirmed that the laser preheating auxiliary forging affects the fatigue life. It was confirmed that the fatigue life was the mostly increased in 550°C temperature laser preheating micro forging process and the temperature was identified as the most important factor.
Źródło:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials; 2017, 62, 2B; 1209-1213
1733-3490
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Effect Of Heat-Treatment On Microstructure And Magnetic Properties Of Nanocrystallized Mn-Zn Ferrite Powders
Wpływ obróbki cieplnej na mikrostrukturę i właściwości magnetyczne nanokrystalicznych proszków ferrytu Mn-Zn
Autorzy:
Lee, W. H.
Hong, C. S.
Chang, S. Y.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/351552.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
high energy ball milling
nanosized particles
crystallite size
magnetic properties
frezowanie kulowe
nanocząstki
wielkości krystalitów
właściwości magnetyczne
Opis:
The initial ferrite powders were subjected to high energy ball milling at 300rpm for 3h, and subsequently heat-treated at 573-1273K for 1h. Based on the observation of microstructure and measurement of magnetic properties, the heat-treatment effect was investigated. The size of initial powders was approximately 70μm. After milling, the powders with approximately 230nm in size were obtained, which were composed of the nano-sized particles of approximately 15nm in size. The milled powders became larger to approximately 550nm after heat-treatment at 973K. In addition, the size of particles increased to approximately 120nm with increasing temperature up to 973K. The coercivity of initial powders was almost unchanged after milling, whereas the saturation magnetization increased. As the heat-treatment temperature increased, the saturation magnetization gradually increased and the maximum coercivity was obtained at 773K.
Źródło:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials; 2015, 60, 2B; 1347-1350
1733-3490
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Enhancement of Life Time of the Dimensionally Stable Anode for Copper Electroplating Applications
Autorzy:
Son, S. H.
Park, S. C.
Lee, M. S.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/356684.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
dimensionally stable anode
surface treatment
life time
copper
electrodeposition
Opis:
In order to enhance the long-term stability of DSA for copper electroplating process, in the present study, noble metal oxides with excellent electrochemical properties was used and optimum condition was determined the ratio of noble metal oxides, surface pre-treatment of titanium substrate and heat treatment. The effect of the surface pretreatment of titanium substrate and ratio of noble metal oxides were estimated by accelerated test at the highly current density conditions. The lifetime of DSA increase six-fold higher as the oxide thickness of Ta 7 : Ir 3 composition ratio. Under the optimal condition, surface pretreatment led to dramatic increase in the lifetime of DSA.
Źródło:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials; 2017, 62, 2B; 1019-1022
1733-3490
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
High Temperature Deformation Flow Of A ZK60A Magnesium Alloy After Extrusion
Płynięcie stopu magnezu ZK60A podczas wysokotemperaturowego odkształcenia w trakcie wytłaczania
Autorzy:
Kawasaki, M.
Lee, H. J.
Oh, M. C.
Ahn, B.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/354374.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
activation energy
extrusion
flow mechanics
magnesium alloy
tensile property
energia aktywacji
wytłaczanie
mechanika przepływu
stop magnezu
rozciąganie
Opis:
Flow behavior of a ZK60A magnesium alloy after continuous casting and subsequent extrusion was examined in tension at a range of strain rates of 3.0×10-6 − 1.0×10-2 s-1 at temperatures of 473-623K. The results demonstrated that the alloy exhibited a maximum elongation of ~250% at 523K when tested at an initial strain rate of 1.0×10-5 s-1 and strain rate sensitivity, m, of ~0.3-0.4 and the activation energy of ~94 kJ/mol were calculated under the testing conditions. The detailed investigation suggested that the high temperature flow of the ZK60A alloy having submicrometer grains demonstrates quasi-superplastic flow behavior controlled by a dislocation viscous glide process.
Źródło:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials; 2015, 60, 2B; 1327-1330
1733-3490
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł

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