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Tytuł:
The Evaluation of Mechanical Properties of High-tin Bronzes
Autorzy:
Nadolski, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/381333.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
właściwości mechaniczne
brąz cynowy
dzwon
mikrostruktura
mechanical properties
tin bronzes
bell material
microstructure
Opis:
High-tin bronzes are used for church bells and concert bells (carillons). Therefore beside their decorative value, they should also offer other functional properties, including their permanence and good quality of sound. The latter is highly influenced by the structure of bell material, i.e. mostly by the presence of internal porosity which interferes with vibration of the bell waist and rim, and therefore should be eliminated. The presented investigations concerning the influence of tin content ranging from 20 to 24 wt% on mechanical properties of high-tin bronzes allowed to prove the increase in hardness of these alloys with simultaneous decrease in the tensile and the impact strengths (Rm and KV, respectively) for the increased tin content. Fractures of examined specimens, their porosity and microstructures were also assessed in order to explain the observed regularities. A reason of the change in the values of mechanical properties was revealed to be the change in the shape of α-phase crystals from dendritic to acicular one, and generation of grain structure related to the increased Sn content in the alloy.
Źródło:
Archives of Foundry Engineering; 2017, 17, 1; 127-130
1897-3310
2299-2944
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Foundry Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Study of Microstructure of Oriented Eutectic Fe-C Alloy
Autorzy:
Trepczyńska-Łent, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/381607.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
directional solidification
eutectic alloy
microstructure
longitudinal section
transverse section
krzepnięcie
stop eutektyczny
mikrostruktura
Opis:
Fe - 4,25% C alloy was directionally solidified with a constant temperature gradient of G = 33,5 K/mm and growth rate of v = 83,3 μm/s (300 mm/h) using a vacuum Bridgman-type crystal growing facility with liquid metal cooling technique. To reveal more detailed microstructure, the deep etching was made. This was obtained in the process of electrolytic dissolution. The microstructure of the sample was examined on the longitudinal and transverse sections using an Optical Microscope and Scanning Electron Microscope. Using the Electron Backscattered Diffraction technique, phase map and analysis of phase were made. In this paper the analysis of Fe-C alloy eutectic microstructure is presented. Regular eutectic structure was obtained. The fracture surfaces show lamellar structure. Microscopic observation after electrolytic extraction indicates that the grains of longitudinal shape of eutectic cementite have been obtained. These grains are characterized by layered construction with many rounded discontinuities.
Źródło:
Archives of Foundry Engineering; 2018, 18, 1; 123-128
1897-3310
2299-2944
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Foundry Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Mechanical Characteristics of Ductile Iron Determined in an Original Modified Low Cycle test
Autorzy:
Maj, M.
Pietrzak, K.
Klasik, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/379780.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
iron
mechanical properties
microstructure
żelazo
właściwości mechaniczne
mikrostruktura
Opis:
The results presented in this article are part of the research on fatigue life of various foundry alloys carried out in recent years in the Lukasiewicz Research Network – Institute of Precision Mechanics and AGH University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Foundry Engineering. The article discusses the test results obtained for the EN-GJS-600-3 cast iron in an original modified low-cycle fatigue test (MLCF), which seems to be a beneficial research tool allowing its users to evaluate the mechanical properties of materials with microstructural heterogeneities under both static and dynamic loads. For a comprehensive analysis of the mechanical behaviour with a focus on fatigue life of alloys, an original modified low cycle fatigue method (MLCF) adapted to the actually available test machine was used. The results of metallographic examinations carried out by light microscopy were also presented. From the analysis of the results of the conducted mechanical tests and structural examinations it follows that the MLCF method is fully applicable in a quick and economically justified assessment of the quality of ductile iron after normalizing treatment.
Źródło:
Archives of Foundry Engineering; 2019, 4; 27-32
1897-3310
2299-2944
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Foundry Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Microstructural Characterisation of Friction Stir Processed Cast AlSi9Mg Aluminium Alloy
Autorzy:
Węglowski, M. S.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/379980.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
cast aluminium alloy
friction stir processing
FSP
microstructure
stop aluminium
obróbka tarciowa
mikrostruktura
Opis:
Aluminium alloy castings become more popular when a refined microstructure and a uniform distribution of Si particles are easily produced. One of the technologies that can fulfil these requirements is Friction Stir Processing (FSP). Therefore, the formation of various microstructural regions during FSP of AlSi9Mg alloy has been studied. It is presented that each of the regions are characterized by unique microstructures. Prior to FSP, the microstructure of a representative as-cast aluminium alloy was composed of Al dendrites and a nonuniform distribution of Si and Fe. FSP microstructurally modified and significantly refined the as-cast material, effectively eliminating the microstructural segregation and porosity of the base material. The characteristic microstructures are reflected in the hardness distribution. The hardness of the modified area was different from the base material.
Źródło:
Archives of Foundry Engineering; 2014, 14, 3 spec.; 75-78
1897-3310
2299-2944
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Foundry Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Microstructure Study of Diffusion Bonding of Centrifuged Structural Steel-Bronze
Autorzy:
Soflaei, H.
Vahdat, S. E.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/382173.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
centrifugal casting
bearings
microstructure
lubrication
diffusion bonding
line scan
odlewanie odśrodkowe
łożyska
mikrostruktura
Opis:
One of the methods to prevent unsuitable lubrication of moving components of devices and machinery is using bi-metal and three-metal bearings. Centrifugal casting process is one of the manufacturing methods that is used for such bearings. In this study, the purpose is microstructure evaluation of the bonding location and length determination of diffusion bond in structural steel-bronze. A mold made of structural steel with inner diameter of 240mm, length of 300mm and thickness of 10mm was coated by a 6mm film of bronze under centrifugal casting process. At first, a bronze ingot with dimension of 5mm×10mm×20mm is located inside of the hollow cylindrical mold and then the two ends of it will be sealed. During mold rotation with the rate of 800 rpm, two high power flames are used for heating the mold under Ar gas atmosphere to melt the bronze ingot at 1000˚C. After 15minutes, the system is cooled rapidly. Results showed that the diffusion bonding of bronze in structural steel to depth of 1.2μm from the bonding line was obtained. In this bonding, copper element was diffused to 50% of its initial concentration.
Źródło:
Archives of Foundry Engineering; 2016, 16, 2; 99-104
1897-3310
2299-2944
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Foundry Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Role of titanium in Thin Wall Vermicular Graphite Iron Castings production
Autorzy:
Górny, M.
Kawalec, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/381718.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
vermicular graphite
microstructure
titanium
thin walled casting
grafit wermikularny
mikrostruktura
tytan
odlewanie cienkościenne
Opis:
In this paper the effects of titanium addition in an amount up to 0.13 wt.% have been investigated to determine their effect on the microstructure and mechanical properties of Thin Wall Vermicular Graphite Iron Castings (TWVGI). The study was performed for thin-walled iron castings with 3-5 mm wall thickness and for the reference casting with 13 mm. Microstructural changes were evaluated by analyzing quantitative data sets obtained by image analyzer and also using scanning electron microscope (SEM). Metallographic examinations show that in thin-walled castings there is a significant impact of titanium addition to vermicular graphite formation. Thin-walled castings with vermicular graphite have a homogeneous structure, free of chills, and good mechanical properties. It may predispose them as a potential use as substitutes for aluminum alloy castings in diverse applications.
Źródło:
Archives of Foundry Engineering; 2013, 13, 2; 25-28
1897-3310
2299-2944
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Foundry Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Compacted Graphite Iron with the Addition of Tin
Autorzy:
Gumienny, G.
Kurowska, B.
Fabian, P.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/947624.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
crystallization
graphite irons
tin
cooling curve
microstructure
krystalizacja
żeliwo grafitowe
cyna
krzywa chłodzenia
mikrostruktura
Opis:
The paper presents the effect of tin on the crystallization process, microstructure and hardness of cast iron with compacted (vermicular) graphite. The compacted graphite was obtained with the use of magnesium treatment process (Inmold technology). The lack of significant effect of tin on the temperature of the eutectic transformation has been demonstrated. On the other hand, a significant decrease in the eutectoid transformation temperature with increasing tin concentration has been shown. It was demonstrated that tin narrows the temperature range of the austenite transformation. The effect of tin on the microstructure of cast iron with compacted graphite considering casting wall thickness has been investigated and described. The carbide-forming effect of tin in thin-walled (3 mm) castings has been demonstrated. The nomograms describing the microstructure of compacted graphite iron versus tin concentration have been developed. The effect of tin on the hardness of cast iron was given.
Źródło:
Archives of Foundry Engineering; 2020, 20, 3; 15-20
1897-3310
2299-2944
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Foundry Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Effect of Cooling Rate and Pouring Temperature on the Hardness and Wear Resistance of Bronze SAE660
Autorzy:
Karimifer, S.
Vahdat, S. E.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/379943.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
microstructure
bearing
pouring
casting
mikrostruktura
łożysko
odlewanie
Opis:
Metallic bearing alloys have different types, most of which are tin (Babbitt) or bronze based. Bronze bearings are used at heavy duty conditions. The goal of this research is an investigation on the effect of cooling rate and pouring temperature (two important factors in casting production) on the Brinell hardness and pin-on-disc wear resistance (two important properties in bearing applications) of bronze SAE660. The melt had prepared by induction furnace. Then, it had poured in sand mold in four different casting conditions, including pouring temperatures of 950 ºC and 1200 ºC, and cooling with water and air. Finally, the microstructure, hardness and wear resistance of the SAE660 had investigated. The results indicated that if the maximum hardness, along with the minimum weight loss due to wear (or maximum wear resistance) is required; the contents of intermetallic compounds, lead phase and the solid solution phase should be more. In this way, the samples which are cooled in air and poured at 950 ºC have the high hardness and the lowest weight loss.
Źródło:
Archives of Foundry Engineering; 2018, 18, 3; 144-151
1897-3310
2299-2944
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Foundry Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The Role of Carbon in the Mechanism of Ferritic-Austenitic Cast Steel Solidification
Autorzy:
Stradomski, G.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/381622.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
duplex cast steel
microstructure
hot crack
primary structure
staliwo typu duplex
mikrostruktura
pękanie
struktura
Opis:
The paper presents the results of research on the microstructure of GX2CrNiMoCuN25-6-3-3 and GX2CrNiMoCuN25-6-3 cast steels with a varying carbon content. The cause for undertaking the research were technological problems with hot cracking in bulk castings of duplex cast steel with a carbon content of approx. 0.06% and with 23% Cr, 8.5% Ni, 3% Mo and 2.4% Cu. The research has shown a significant effect of increased carbon content on the ferrite and austenite microstructure morphology, while exceeding the carbon content of 0.06% results in a change of the shape of primary grains from equiaxial to columnar.
Źródło:
Archives of Foundry Engineering; 2014, 14, 3; 83-86
1897-3310
2299-2944
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Foundry Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Structure and properties investigation of MCMgAl12Zn1 magnesium alloy
Autorzy:
Dobrzański, L. A.
Król, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/380517.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
thermal analysis
microstructure
mechanical properties
magnesium alloy
analiza termiczna
mikrostruktura
właściwości mechaniczne
stop magnezu
Opis:
This work presents an influence of cooling rate on crystallization process, structure and mechanical properties of MCMgAl12Zn1 cast magnesium alloy. The experiments were performed using the novel Universal Metallurgical Simulator and Analyzer Platform. The apparatus enabled recording the temperature during refrigerate magnesium alloy with three different cooling rates, i.e. 0.6, 1.2 and 2.4ºC/s and calculate a first derivative. Based on first derivative results, nucleation temperature, beginning of nucleation of eutectic and solidus temperature were described. It was fund that the formation temperatures of various thermal parameters, mechanical properties (hardness and ultimate compressive strength) and grain size are shifting with an increasing cooling rate.
Źródło:
Archives of Foundry Engineering; 2013, 13, 1; 9-14
1897-3310
2299-2944
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Foundry Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Microstructure of Archaeological 17th Century Cast Copper Alloys
Autorzy:
Konieczny, J.
Labisz, K.
Głowik-Łazarczyk, K.
Ćwiek, J.
Wierzbicki, Ł.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/382152.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
metallography
archaeometallurgy
microstructure
excavations
phase analysis
metalografia
archaeometalurgia
mikrostruktura
wykopaliska
Opis:
In Poland, researchers have a very strong interest in archaeometallurgy, which, as presented in classical works, focuses on dating artefacts from the prehistoric and early medieval periods in the form of cast iron and copper castings. This study, extending the current knowledge, presents the results of a microstructure investigation into the findings from the Modern era dating back to the late Middle Ages. The investigated material was an object in the form of a heavy solid copper block weighing several kilograms that was excavated by a team of Polish archaeologists working under the direction of Ms Iwona Młodkowska-Przepiórowska during works on the marketplace in the city of Czestochowa during the summer of 2009. Pre-dating of the material indicates the period of the seventeenth century AD. The solid copper block was delivered in the form of a part shaped like a bell, named later in this work as a “kettlebell”. To determine the microstructure, the structural components, chemical composition, and homogeneity, as well as additives and impurities, investigations were carried out using light microscopy, scanning electron microscopy including analysis of the chemical composition performed in micro-areas, and qualitative X-ray phase analysis in order to investigate the phase composition. Interpretation of the analytical results of the material’s microstructure will also help modify and/or develop new methodological assumptions to investigate further archaeometallurgical exhibits, throwing new light on and expanding the area of knowledge of the use and processing of seventeenth-century metallic materials.
Źródło:
Archives of Foundry Engineering; 2017, 17, 2; 190-196
1897-3310
2299-2944
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Foundry Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Evaluation of Impact Strength and Microstructure as Quality Criteria for Selected Materials
Autorzy:
Maj, M.
Pietrzak, K.
Lasota, P.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/379533.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
steel
cast iron
hardness
microstructure
impact strength
stal
żeliwo
twardość
mikrostruktura
wytrzymałość
Opis:
The article presents the results of analysis of the chemical composition, hardness, microstructure and toughness of selected structural materials. The focus is on the results of impact tests carried out on the 40H steel quenched and tempered at three different temperatures, on grey cast iron used in industrial practice (cast material for brake drums) and on ADI, all of them being considered representatives of the group of materials commonly used in the production of structural elements and finished products, including items for use in the automotive industry. The impact tests were performed at a reduced temperature (-20°C), at room temperature (20°C) and at elevated temperature (150°C), comparing the results obtained with the microstructure of materials tested. It has been shown that in the case of steel, the smallest changes in microstructure cause changes in toughness, while the effect of tempering temperature is in this case of secondary importance. It was also proved that under the conditions of ambient temperature and reduced temperature, better results were obtained for ADI. At elevated temperature, better results were obtained for grey iron castings.
Źródło:
Archives of Foundry Engineering; 2014, 14, 1 spec.; 199-204
1897-3310
2299-2944
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Foundry Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The Effect of Different Mn/Fe Ratio on Microstructure Alloy Based on Al-Si-Mg
Autorzy:
Bolibruchova, D.
Ivanova, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/383021.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
AlSiMg alloys
manganese
intermetallic phases
microstructure
stopy AlSiMg
mangan
fazy międzymetaliczne
mikrostruktura
Opis:
This article deals with the effect of manganese that is the most applied element to eliminate the negative effect of iron in the investigated alloy AlSi7Mg0.3. In this time are several methods that are used for elimination harmful effect of iron. The most used method is elimination by applying the additive elements, so-called iron correctors. The influence of manganese on the morphology of excluded iron-based intermetallic phases was analysed at various iron contents (0.4; 0.8 and 1.2 wt. %). The effect of manganese was assessed in additions of 0.1; 0.2; 0.4 and 0.6 wt. % Mn. The morphology of iron intermetallic phases was assessed using electron microscopy (SEM) and EDX analysis. The increase of iron content in investigated alloys caused the formation of more intermetallic phases and this effect has been more significant with higher concentrations of manganese. The measurements carried out also showed that alloys with the same Mn/Fe ratio can manifest different structures and characteristics of excluded iron-based intermetallic phases, which might, at the same time, be related to different resulting mechanical properties.
Źródło:
Archives of Foundry Engineering; 2019, 3; 15-20
1897-3310
2299-2944
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Foundry Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
ADI after austenitising from intercritical temperature
Autorzy:
Kowalski, A.
Kluska-Nawarecka, S.
Regulski, K.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/379994.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
ductile cast iron
austempering
microstructure
mechanical properties
fuzzy logic
żeliwo sferoidalne
hartowanie izotermiczne
mikrostruktura
właściwości mechaniczne
logika rozmyta
Opis:
ADI subjected to austenitising at intercritical temperatures contains in its matrix the precipitates of pre-eutectoid ferrite. Studies were carried out on the ductile iron of the following chemical composition: C = 3,80%, Si = 2,30%, Mn = 0,28%, P = 0,060%, S = 0,010%, Mg = 0,065%, Ni = 0,60%, Cu = 0,70%, Mo = 0,21%. This cast iron was austenitised at three different temperatures, i.e. 800, 815 and 830ºC and austempered at 360 and 380ºC. For each variant of the cast iron heat treatment, the mechanical properties, i.e. YS, TS, EL and Hardness, were measured, and structure of the matrix was examined. Higher plastic properties were obtained owing to the presence of certain amount of pre-eutectoid ferrite. The properties were visualised using fuzzy logic model in a MATLAB. software.
Źródło:
Archives of Foundry Engineering; 2013, 13, 1; 81-88
1897-3310
2299-2944
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Foundry Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The Influence of Solidification Rate on High-tin Bronze Microstructure
Autorzy:
Bartocha, D.
Baron, C.
Suchoń, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/380563.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
high-tin bronze
solidification rate
microstructure
bell’s tone
brąz wysokocynowy
szybkość krzepnięcia
mikrostruktura
dzwon
Opis:
The most important feature of bells is their sound. Their clarity and beauty depend, first of all, on the bell’s geometry - particularly the shape of its profile and the mechanical properties of alloy. Bells are the castings that work by emitting sound in as-cast state. Therefore all features that are created during melting, pouring, solidification and cooling processes will influence the bell's sound. The mechanical properties of bronze depend on the quality of alloy and microstructure which is created during solidification and depend on its kinetics. Hence, if the solidification parameters influence the alloy’s properties, how could they influence the frequencies of bell`s tone? Taking into account alterable thickness of bell's wall and differences in microstructure, the alloy's properties in bell could be important. In the article authors present the investigations conducted to determine the influence of cooling kinetics on microstructure of bronze with 20 weight % tin contents.
Źródło:
Archives of Foundry Engineering; 2019, 1; 89-97
1897-3310
2299-2944
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Foundry Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł

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