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Tytuł:
Grand Vizieral Reception Ceremonies of European Ambassadors in the First Half of the Seventeenth Century
Autorzy:
Cevrioğlu, Mahmut Halef
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2035965.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020-11-19
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Historii im. Tadeusza Manteuffla PAN w Warszawie
Tematy:
Ottoman diplomacy
grand vizier
audience
European-Ottoman relations
Opis:
Grand viziers acted as the utmost important figure in the Ottoman bureaucratic administration throughout the early modern era. Conducting relations with foreign countries and, hence, conforming to the rules of an established diplomatic practice in the process were among their duties. The present study, therefore, aims at highlighting the underrated procedure of grand vizierial audiences through selected cases from the first half of the seventeenth century. In this respect, dispatches and final reports of certain representatives of major European monarchs in Istanbul are brought to light along with complementary data from Ottoman fiscal records of the time. The reception of foreign diplomats by the grand vizier – which presents its own intricacies and follows its own set of rules – is hence laid under scrutiny to understand how a physical language of diplomacy was created. Accordingly, welcoming receptions by the grand viziers will be studied instead of focusing on the negotiation audiences between the grand viziers and the incoming embassies. Comparisons with the imperial audiences will also be useful both in underlining the differentiation of this physical language from the one employed in the audiences with the sultan and also in evaluating the diplomatic function of the grand vizier within the framework of Ottoman foreign relations. In this respect, the first receptions by the grand vizier were intended to welcome foreign embassies and played a crucial part in their diplomatic mission since the date for the sultanic audience was arranged herein. Moreover, exchange of gifts between the grand vizier and the emissaries, serving of refreshments and avoidance of any politically consequential issue during the meeting were the main elements of the grand vizierial receptions.
Źródło:
Legatio: The Journal for Renaissance and Early Modern Diplomatic Studies; 2020, 4; 123-141
2545-1685
2545-1693
Pojawia się w:
Legatio: The Journal for Renaissance and Early Modern Diplomatic Studies
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Considerations on the acculturation process in the light of research on Macedonian emigration to the Principality and Kingdom of Bulgaria (a case study)
Autorzy:
Pandevska, Maria
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/32335696.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
Tematy:
Ottoman Empire
Ottoman Macedonia
Principality/ Kingdom of Bulgaria
migrations
acculturation
Opis:
Theorists of migration attempt to establish certain basic frameworks for their classification and ranking, and nowadays, they also do so by introducing subcategories. However, the complexities still burden the precise delineation of all nuances of migration processes and their causes. This article, as a case study, is trying to make a small contribution to the vast topic of Balkan migrations. The focus is solely on the migration processes of the Macedonian population towards the territory of Bulgaria (in the 1870s and at the beginning of the 20th century) and their aftermath (acculturation). For this occasion, starting from the premise of „all refugees are migrants, but not every migrant is a refugee”, migrations are defined only using the following terms: 1) forced migrations with their product being refugees, and 2) continuous voluntary or so-called „quiet” migration processes. This article analyses an original document produced by a marginalised group in Bulgarian society: „ notes” written on the blank spaces of the history. In this case, the viewpoints of these author(s) clash with the mainstream immigration policy of Bulgaria. This document in itself is xenophobic towards all those who do not originate from Bulgaria. However, certain details it provides correspond to the ways in which so-called „quiet” migrations unfold.
Źródło:
Balcanica Posnaniensia Acta et studia; 2023, 30; 153-170
0239-4278
2450-3177
Pojawia się w:
Balcanica Posnaniensia Acta et studia
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Demokracja po turecku
Democracy in Turkish Style
Autorzy:
Chmielowska, Danuta
Sobczak, Mikołaj
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/558031.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warszawski. Centrum Europejskie
Tematy:
Ottoman Empire
Turkey
Democracy
Constitution
Opis:
The text is an attempt to present the democratization’s process of the Republic of Turkey. The Republic was proclaimed in 1923. In the introduction the authors recalled an earlier period, namely the second half of XIXth century, when in the Ottoman Empire had occured the ideas of constitutional order (1876). The Empire had been looking for ways and means to join the modern world following earlier examples of European monarchies.The next period- the fi rst half of XXth century – was marked by the Republic of Turkey.There are striking similarities between emerging the Republic of Turkey and the Second Polish Republic. The emergences not only took place at the same time but also had been driven by similar factors and processes. In the both cases countries were led by great personalities, who had not belonged to the core nations, which they headed to democracy. The both leaders had to face powers willing to destroy young democracies and unfriendly attitudes of the Western powers.They both also „miraculously” saved their countries when enemies’ troops were close to the capitals. After the World War II our ways to democracy were different. Today, however, we can see that the ways led in the same direction and theywere infl uenced by similar circumstances. Perhaps these circumstances have caused that the political developments in both countries are almost identical. 1. The both above mentioned leaders at the beginning of the last century made coup d’etat by military force. 2. In Poland, after WWII politicians had been under the supervision of „brotherly neighbor”. In Turkey the supervision was performed by the military. Perhaps it created longing for a new leader. 3. In both countries the roles of religion and its institutions were marginalized. Perhaps this stimulated desire for a chief motivated by the faith. Perhaps it is not a coincidence that both Poland and Turkey are looked upon by the West as countries leading in democratic transformations in their respective regions, which for obscure reasons have started to move towards an authoritarian rule. In both cases foreign observers talk about the lack of understanding of the essence of democracy, which is a consensus by the societies as well as by the ruling elites. In each state power is exercised by a single party of chieftain character and the permanent expansion of power at the expence of democratic institutions has been justified as the will of nation as a whole.
Źródło:
Studia Europejskie - Studies in European Affairs; 2016, 4; 205-232
1428-149X
2719-3780
Pojawia się w:
Studia Europejskie - Studies in European Affairs
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The Concept of the millet in Turkish dictionaries: Its alteration and the impact on Ottoman Macedonia
Autorzy:
Pandevska, Maria
Mitrova, Makedonka
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/910150.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020-01-26
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
Tematy:
słowniki tureckie
glosariusze tureckie
Imperium Osmańskie
millet
naród
osmańskie Bałkany
osmańska Macedonia
Ottoman Empire
nation
Ottoman Balkan
Ottoman Macedonia
Turkish dictionaries/glossaries
Opis:
In the 19th century the dictionaries/glossaries represent the first brace which connected different cultures and languages, thus also linking the Orient with the Occident and vice versa. In this context the research is focused on the Turkish dictionaries/glossaries, which for a long time actually represented one of the basic media of transmitting the new Western ideas in the East, and in our case, in the Ottoman Empire. Through the short comparative analyses of these dictionaries/glossaries and their authors (from the 19th century and early 20th century) we follow the change of the cognitive concept of the term millet with the term nation. The case study is focused on Ottoman Macedonia and on the political implications caused by this change of the meaning of the Ottoman term millet.
Znaczenie pojęcia millet w słownikach tureckich: jego zmiana i wpływ na  osmańską Macedonię W XIX wieku słowniki/glosariusze stanowiły pierwszą klamrę, która łączyła różne kultury i języki, łącząc w ten sposób także Orient z Zachodem i vice versa. W tym kontekście badania koncentrują się na tureckich słownikach / glosariuszach, które przez długi czas faktycznie stanowiły jeden z podstawowych środków przekazu nowych zachodnich idei na Wschodzie, a w naszym przypadku w Imperium Osmańskim. Poprzez krótkie analizy porównawcze tych słowników/glosariuszy i ich autorów (z XIX i początku XX wieku) śledzimy przemiany koncepcji znaczeniowej pojęcia millet w kierunku pojęcia naród. Studium przypadku koncentruje się na osmańskiej Macedonii i politycznych implikacjach spowodowanych tą zmianą znaczenia osmańskiego terminu millet. 
Źródło:
Balcanica Posnaniensia Acta et studia; 2019, 26, 1; 171-192
0239-4278
2450-3177
Pojawia się w:
Balcanica Posnaniensia Acta et studia
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Studia Ananiasza Zajączkowskiego nad staroosmańskim tłumaczeniem <i>Kalili i Dimny</i>
Ananiasz Zajączkowski’s Research on an Old Ottoman Translation of <i>Kalilah and Dimnah</i>
Autorzy:
Jaromszko, Jacek
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/440295.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Związek Karaimów Polskich. Karaimska Oficyna Wydawnicza Bitik
Tematy:
Ananiasz Zajączkowski
Kalilah and Dimnah
Panchatrantra
Old Ottoman
Old Anatolian
translation movements
Ottoman studies
Opis:
„Staroosmański przekład Kalili i Dimny ma znaczenie nie tylko jako zabytek językowy, ale także jako zabytek literacki. Nie może on być żadną miarą obojętny dla badaczy samego zbioru bajek Bidpaja i jego filjacyj. Jest to bowiem najstarsze znane nam tłumaczenie tureckie tej księgi […] – pisze Ananiasz Zajączkowski we wstępie do edycji staroanatolijskiego przekładu Kalili i Dimny. Egzemplarz został sporządzony z rozkazu Umūr Bega (ok. 1309-1347) z dynastii Aydın Oğulları, władającej terenami w okolicach dzisiejszego İzmiru, Aydın i Denizli. Zajączkowski szacuje, że manuskrypt musiał być sporządzony między rokiem 1309 (narodzinami Umūr Bega) a 1334 (śmierć ojca Umūra, Muḥammada). Zgodnie z tym możliwe jest utożsamienie autora przekładu Kalili i Dimny, Mesˁūda, z autorem perskiego tłumaczenia Süheyl-ü-Nevbahar o tym samym imieniu Takiemu utożsamieniu sprzeciwiają się kategorycznie tureccy uczeni Mehmed Fuad Köprülüzâde i Rif’at Kilisli. Zajączkowski obala argumenty uczonych, posiłkując się nie tylko konkretnymi przykładami z obu tekstów i ich relacjami intertekstualnymi, ale także statystyką nietypowych form leksykalnych. W artykule postaram się rozwinąć jego myśl, a także przedstawić zasługi, jakie w kwestii badań nad owym zabytkiem literackim można przypisać Zajączkowskiemu.
“The translation of Kalilah and Dimnah into Old Ottoman is important not only as a linguistic artefact, but also as a literary one. It can by no means be regarded as insignificant to those researching the collection of Bidpai’s fairy tales and its descendants. For it is the oldest known Turkish translation of this book […]” – writes Ananiasz Zajączkowski in his introduction to the Old Anatolian translation of Kalilah and Dimnah. The copy was drawn up at the behest of Umur Beg (circa 1309–1347) from the Aydın Oğullari dynasty, which ruled over the land of today’s İzmir, Aydın and Denizli. Zajączkowski estimates that the original text was written between 1309 (the year of the birth of Umur Beg) and 1334 (when Umur’s father, Muhammad, died). Accordingly, the translator of Kalilah and Dimnah, Mes’ud, may be regarded as the same Mes’ud who translated Süheyl-ü-Nevbahar. Two Turkish scholars, Mehmed Fuad Köprülüzade and Rif’at Kilisli, oppose this hypothesis. Zajączkowski refutes their arguments not only by using a number of specific examples from both texts and taking into consideration their inter-textual relationship, but also by drawing up statistics of rare lexical forms. In this paper I will try to develop Zajączkowski’s thought and present his contribution to the research on this literary artefact.
„Staroosmański przekład Kalili i Dimny ma znaczenie nie tylko jako zabytek językowy, ale także jako zabytek literacki. Nie może on być żadną miarą obojętny dla badaczy samego zbioru bajek Bidpaja i jego filjacyj. Jest to bowiem najstarsze znane nam tłumaczenie tureckie tej księgi […] – pisze Ananiasz Zajączkowski we wstępie do edycji staroanatolijskiego przekładu Kalili i Dimny. Egzemplarz został sporządzony z rozkazu Umūr Bega (ok. 1309-1347) z dynastii Aydın Oğulları, władającej terenami w okolicach dzisiejszego İzmiru, Aydın i Denizli. Zajączkowski szacuje, że manuskrypt musiał być sporządzony między rokiem 1309 (narodzinami Umūr Bega) a 1334 (śmierć ojca Umūra, Muḥammada). Zgodnie z tym możliwe jest utożsamienie autora przekładu Kalili i Dimny, Mesˁūda, z autorem perskiego tłumaczenia Süheyl-ü-Nevbahar o tym samym imieniu Takiemu utożsamieniu sprzeciwiają się kategorycznie tureccy uczeni Mehmed Fuad Köprülüzâde i Rif’at Kilisli. Zajączkowski obala argumenty uczonych, posiłkując się nie tylko konkretnymi przykładami z obu tekstów i ich relacjami intertekstualnymi, ale także statystyką nietypowych form leksykalnych. W artykule postaram się rozwinąć jego myśl, a także przedstawić zasługi, jakie w kwestii badań nad owym zabytkiem literackim można przypisać Zajączkowskiemu.
Źródło:
Almanach Karaimski; 2014, 3; 59-64
2300-8164
Pojawia się w:
Almanach Karaimski
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Byzantine spirit of the Undead and its legacy in the Sick Man of Europe
Autorzy:
Tešan, Jesenko
Davison, Joan
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/450259.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Zielonogórski. Oficyna Wydawnicza
Tematy:
Byzantine
Ottoman
liminality
demos
millets
Opis:
This paper examines the source and consequences of permanent liminality in the political-legal administration of the Byzantine Empire. The paper argues ambiguous and incomplete identities of individuals, groups, and society associated with certain authoritarian political arrangements and consequent arrested liminal period(s) contributed to the decline of the Empire. Further, and significantly, the unresolved situation of disaggregated identity, or spirited away demos, persisted in the Ottoman Era and continues to infect contemporary socio-political affairs in regions in the Balkans and other countries of the former Soviet Union which now seek to balance the interests of a nation-state with the diversity of Europe. The paper does not consider the Orthodox Spirit, but rather analyzes the role of pseudo-intellectuals and sophists who derail the democratic and philosophical Hellenist traditions with authoritarian policies and tools. The research compares and links the institutional attempts of the Byzantine and Ottoman Empires to manage and manipulate differences and distinctions through mechanisms such as theatricalization and the millets. The argument concludes that these strategies created the basis for the perpetualization of the sick man of Europe to the extent they focused on juggling the distinctions and identities of the empires rather than pursuing the development of the democratic self. Thus, in liminality is revealed and contained undead and viral authoritarian spirits, sometimes manifested in populist or extremist ethnic leaders, whose technologies trick the demos and disrupt the democratic imagination.
Źródło:
Przegląd Narodowościowy – Review of Nationalities; 2018, 8; 21-38
2084-848X
Pojawia się w:
Przegląd Narodowościowy – Review of Nationalities
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The Historical Background and the Present State of Turkish-French Relations
Tło historyczne i stan obecny stosunków turecko-francuskich
Autorzy:
Aslan, Davut Han
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/440081.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Akademia Finansów i Biznesu Vistula
Tematy:
Turkey
France
genocide
Ottoman Empire
Ottoman capitulations
Turcja
Francja
ludobójstwo
Imperium Osmańskie
kapitulacje osmańskie
Opis:
The initial traces of mutual relations between Paris and Ankara date back to the 16th century. During the Ottoman Empire, bilateral relations between the Empires flourished in terms of economic relations where France enjoyed capitulations. The French-Turkish relations encompass both alliances and wars. Currently there exist serious dissidences in terms of democracy, human rights and freedom issues. Apart from that Paris’s opposition of Turkey’s future full European Union membership blocking five chapters and accepting genocide claims against the so-called Armenian genocide, Turkey’s Kurdish question constitute a huge obstacle for the future development of French-Turkish relations.
Pierwsze ślady wzajemnych stosunków między Paryżem i Ankarą prowadzą do XVI wieku. W czasach Imperium Osmańskiego stosunki dwustronne między imperiami kwitły w sensie stosunków gospodarczych, gdy Francja korzystała z kapitulacji osmańskich. Stosunki francusko-tureckie obejmują zarówno alianse, jak i wojny. Obecnie istnieją poważne rozbieżności, jeżeli chodzi o kwestie demokracji, praw człowieka i swobód. Poza tym sprzeciw Paryża wobec przyszłego pełnego członkostwa Turcji w Unii Europejskiej, blokujący pięć rozdziałów [Traktatu] i akceptujący uznanie kwestii tzw. ludobójstwa Ormian, kwestia Kurdów tureckich, stanowią ogromną przeszkodę dla przyszłego rozwoju stosunków francusko-tureckich.
Źródło:
Kwartalnik Naukowy Uczelni Vistula; 2014, 3(41); 122-135
2084-4689
Pojawia się w:
Kwartalnik Naukowy Uczelni Vistula
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Vormeninskische Ergänzungen zu Stanisław Stachowskis “Beiträge zur Geschichte der griechischen Lehnwörter im Osmanisch-Türkischen”
Pre-Meninski addenda to Stanisław Stachowski’s “Beiträge zur Geschichte der griechischen Lehnwörter im Osmanisch-Türkischen”
Autorzy:
Rocchi, Luciano
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/699910.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Jagielloński. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego
Tematy:
etymology
Ottoman Turkish
Greek
borrowing
Transkriptionstexte
Opis:
Stanisław Stachowski’s “Beiträge zur Geschichte der griechischen Lehnwörter im Osmanisch-Türkischen”, published in Folia Orientalia 13 (1971 [1972]), 267-298, started a long series of historicallexicographical studies which the great Polish scholar devoted to foreign elements found in the Turkish Transkriptionstexte. Since then a number of scientific editions of these texts have however come out, particularly, in recent years, Filippo Argenti’s (1533), Pietro Ferraguto’s (1611) and Arcangelo Carradori’s (1650) very important handwritten lexicographical works, which had been but little or not at all known so far. As the aforementioned as well as other publications provide much material on the European loanwords in Ottoman-Turkish, which are mostly Graecisms, this paper aims to supplement Stachowski’s work both by adding data to original entries and presenting new words of Greek origin. It has to be pointed out that all the material comes from Transkriptionstexte dating from before Meninski’s Thesaurus (1680).
Źródło:
Studia Etymologica Cracoviensia; 2013, 18, 3; 111-145
1427-8219
Pojawia się w:
Studia Etymologica Cracoviensia
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Próby reformowania Imperium Osmańskiego przez Ruch Młodoosmański
Attempts to Reform the Ottoman Empire by the Young Ottomans
Autorzy:
Olszowska, Karolina Wanda
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/577987.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018-03-14
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Orientalistyczne
Tematy:
Ottoman Empire
Midhad Pasha
Abdul Hamid II
Ottoman constitution of 1876
Young Ottomans
First Constitutional Era
Opis:
In the nineteenth century, the Ottoman Empire was on the verge of collapse. This country needed drastic reform. Those who decided to save the ‘Colossus with feet of clay’ were the Young Ottomans headed by Midhad Pasha. During the reign of Abdul Hamid II the first Constitution in the history of the Ottoman Empire was introduced. The document was in force for only two years (1876–1878) and this period is sometimes called the first constitutional monarchy (Birinci Meşrutiyet). The reforms that had been introduced postponed the collapse of this country on the Bosporus. The constitution equated the laws of the believers of various religions and introduced civil liberties, but the position of the sultan was still superior. Most of the provisions simply remained on paper and the sultan dissolved the parliament soon after.
Źródło:
Przegląd Orientalistyczny; 2017, 3-4 (263-264); 323-341
0033-2283
Pojawia się w:
Przegląd Orientalistyczny
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Obraz Turka jako muzułmańskiego fanatyka i najeźdźcy. Elementy dehumanizacji stereotypu
Image of Turk as a Muslim Fanatic and Invader. Elements of Dehumanization Related to Stereotype
Autorzy:
Fijołek, Katarzyna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/489327.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Naukowe w Żytomierzu
Tematy:
dehumanization,
Turks,
Bulgaria,
Ottoman Empire,
legacy, stereotype
Opis:
The aim of this paper is to outline the dehumanization related to the stereotype of Turks, which has existed in the Bulgarian culture for centuries. As Nick Haslam says: “subtle forms of dehumanization are also apparent in everyday social perception, including so-called hate speech”. Turks, being a large ethnic group living in Bulgaria, are still perceived with mistrust as a result of the Ottoman Empire’s legacy and religious diversity. The literature and folklore have impacted this stereotype more than other factors. As a result, the Bulgarian society has adopted an outdated perception of this minority.
Źródło:
Studia Politologica Ucraino-Polona; 2017, 7; 70-81
2312-8933
Pojawia się w:
Studia Politologica Ucraino-Polona
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Likwidacja modelu osmańskiego w Bośni po 1995 roku a kryzys państwa
Autorzy:
Falski, Maciej
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/677875.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Slawistyki PAN
Tematy:
Bosnia and Herzegovina
Bosniaks
Bosnians
Ottoman Empire
Opis:
Abolition of the Ottoman model in Bosnia after the 1995 and the crisis of the stateIn this paper is analyzed the dis/continuity of the Ottoman tradition in Bosnia, treated not in the ethnographical or superficial perspective, but in its deeper, cultural and social aspect. The so-called Ottoman model, continued in Austro-Hungarian and Yugoslav period, was characterized by multiplicity of social actors and the lack of the obsession of national territory. The boundaries of an autonomous territory (i.e. Bosnia under Ottoman, or Habsburg and Yugoslav rule) delimitated the sphere of shared practices, and its condition depended on relations between different ethnical agents. After the 1995 predominates the tendency toward territorial and national homogenization which leads to division, and liquidation of the Bosnian state. Nonetheless, the Ottoman model is described here as ambiguous, for its inability to shape the public sphere as a space of civic subjects, not only communities. A lack of the positive idea of the state, and the lack of any legitimization of the power other than nationalism, are seen as the major sources of political and social instability in Bosnia.
Źródło:
Slavia Meridionalis; 2011, 11
1233-6173
2392-2400
Pojawia się w:
Slavia Meridionalis
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Muzyka klasyczna w Imperium Osmańskim
European Classical Music in the Ottoman Empire
Autorzy:
Pawlina, Agata
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/578010.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Orientalistyczne
Tematy:
music
Ottoman music
Turkish music
westernization (Turkey)
Opis:
This paper aims to present a historical overview of the westernization process in music culture of the Ottoman Empire. Contrary to what is generally believed, the transformation of Ottoman music from the monophonic system based on melodic and rhythmic patterns (makams and usuls) to the European polyphony was not the idea of the newly formed Turkish state of the early 20th century. In the beginning of the 19th century, the Ottoman Empire faced decline. Under the threat of European domination, remaining sultans tried to balance the level of development in science and technology between the West and their own country by great reforms. In the 19th century, for the Ottoman court the adaptation of the western music system was a symbol of acculturation and modernization. In the last decades of the Ottoman Empire, with the help of European musicans and theoreticians, the first institutions of western style music education were established. Thus, surprisingly, music culture seems to be a shared heritage of the Ottoman Empire and the Republic of Turkey.
Źródło:
Przegląd Orientalistyczny; 2014, 1-2; 61-76
0033-2283
Pojawia się w:
Przegląd Orientalistyczny
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Jewish Conversion to Protestantism in the Ottoman Empire in the Communities of Istanbul and Izmir Until 1856
Autorzy:
Bornstein-Makovetsky, Leah
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1833878.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020-04-22
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet w Białymstoku. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu w Białymstoku
Tematy:
Jews
conversion
Protestantism
Ottoman Empire
Istanbul
Izmir
Opis:
This article is devoted to a comprehensive discussion of Jews’ conversion to Protestantism in the Ottoman Empire in the cities of Istanbul and Izmir, during the decade before the Hatt-i-Șerif of Gülhane, the first Tanzimat decree in 1839, until the Hatti hümayun decree of 18 February 1856. It also considers the attitudes of the Ottoman authorities and the Jewish communities toward this phenomenon, as well as the extent to which three missionary societies, the London Society for Promoting Christianity among the Jews, the American Board of the Commissioners for Foreign Missions (ABCFM), and the Free church of Scotland mission, succeeded in prevailing upon Jews to give up their faith. The missionaries worked with the millenarian anticipations and looked forward to intensive activity which would result in the conversion of the Jewish masses. To achieve their objectives they relied on evangelical, educational and philanthropic activities, and on medical missions. The article discusses the motives and the social and economic status of converts to Christianity and those given Christian religious instruction, and describes the communities’ steps taken against Jewish conversion to Christianity in the 1820-50s. The article concludes that all three missionary societies that operated in the Ottoman Empire acknowledged the fact of their failure to achieve the goal of converting the Jewish masses, and took solace in those dozens who were converted through their efforts.
Źródło:
Miscellanea Historico-Iuridica; 2019, 18, 2; 7-36
1732-9132
2719-9991
Pojawia się w:
Miscellanea Historico-Iuridica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The Evolution of the Socio-political Situation of the Republic of Türkiye in the 20th Century - Efforts Towards the Europeanisation of the Society and State
Autorzy:
Chmielowska, Danuta
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2131130.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022-10-10
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warszawski. Centrum Europejskie
Tematy:
Democracy
Kemal Ataturk
Türkiye
Turkey
Ottoman Empire
Opis:
The events related to the collapse of the Ottoman Empire and the proclamation of the Republic of Türkiye contributed to a complete departure from the system of constitutional monarchy in favour of a parliamentary democracy. Owing to the decisions on Europeanisation and implemented reforms, i.e., adopting a Civil Code based on the Swiss code, a Criminal Code reflecting the Italian code, a Commercial Code underpinned by the German code (1924), and the transition to the Latin alphabet which replaced Arabic (1928), as well as education reforms (1925), women's suffrage (1934), and the introduction of surnames (1935), etc. the Turkish people became a European society, aware of their rights and obligations. The transition from a singleparty regime to a multi-party period (1946) allowed for democracy to be consolidated. Türkiye's participation in strictly European and international political and military organisations was of vital significance and turned the country into an extremely important state. Its failed efforts to join the EEC, and, subsequently, the European Union, resulted in Türkiye abandoning its interest in this form of cooperation (1997). The socio-political transformations that took place in the 20th century, highlighted in this article, characterise this dynamically changing period. The evolution of the views of Turkish society was clearly marked in the second half of the 20th century, which led to serious changes in the mindsets of the Turkish people and completely altered the image of the country post-2002, allowing the newly established Justice and Development Party to assume power (2002).
Źródło:
Studia Europejskie - Studies in European Affairs; 2022, 26, 3; 7-29
1428-149X
2719-3780
Pojawia się w:
Studia Europejskie - Studies in European Affairs
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Government land policies in occupied enemy territory: the case of British rule in Ottoman Palestine, 1917–1920
Autorzy:
Bunton, Martin
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/20312181.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czasopisma i Monografie PAN
Tematy:
Palestine
Occupation policy
Ottoman Empire
Postimperial administration
transition
Opis:
In the chaotic situation following the British invasion of southern Palestine at the end of 1917, military officials faced several countervailing pressures. In addition to ongoing military priorities (including international norms pertaining to military occupations, such as the law of the ‘status quo’), pressing humanitarian concerns, and even the personal religious sentiments of individual officers, the British occupation administration was forced to take into account international pressures and interventions resulting from the overlapping and conflicting promises made during the war (inter alia, Sykes‑Picot agreement, Husayn‑McMahon correspondence, Balfour Declaration, and President Wilson’s 14 Points). This paper focuses on the land policy‑making process as a case study with which to weigh the various factors pressing upon the military occupation as it evolved during its first three years. Land ownership was a huge concern: a properly functioning land registry was seen as key to the improvement of economic and social conditions in the largely agricultural economy, and British interventions were followed closely by all interested parties. The land has also been at the centre of the ensuing century‑long conflict between Arabs and Jews. Thus, a close examination of land policies (and especially the 1920 land ordinance) offers an extremely important window on both the rule of law in the aftermath of the war and our understanding of the current, unending conflict in the land.
Źródło:
Historyka studia metodologiczne; 2022, 52; 227-246
0073-277X
Pojawia się w:
Historyka studia metodologiczne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł

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