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Tytuł:
An improved ridge type estimator for logistic regression
Autorzy:
Varathan, Nagarajah
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2108296.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022-09-14
Wydawca:
Główny Urząd Statystyczny
Tematy:
Logistic Regression
Multicollinearity
ridge estimator
Modified almost unbiased ridge logistic estimator
Mean square error
Opis:
In this paper, an improved ridge type estimator is introduced to overcome the effect of multicollinearity in logistic regression. The proposed estimator is called a modified almost unbiased ridge logistic estimator. It is obtained by combining the ridge estimator and the almost unbiased ridge estimator. In order to asses the superiority of the proposed estimator over the existing estimators, theoretical comparisons based on the mean square error and the scalar mean square error criterion are presented. A Monte Carlo simulation study is carried out to compare the performance of the proposed estimator with the existing ones. Finally, a real data example is provided to support the findings.
Źródło:
Statistics in Transition new series; 2022, 23, 3; 113-126
1234-7655
Pojawia się w:
Statistics in Transition new series
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Mantle rock exposures at oceanic core complexes along mid-ocean ridges
Autorzy:
Ciazela, J.
Koepke, J.
Dick, H. J. B.
Muszynski, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/94231.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
Tematy:
peridotite
OCC
detachment fault
megamullion
slow-spreading ridge
mid-ocean ridge
perydotyt
uskok przesuwczy
grzbiet śródoceaniczny
Opis:
The mantle is the most voluminous part of the Earth. However, mantle petrologists usually have to rely on indirect geophysical methods or on material found ex situ. In this review paper, we point out the in-situ existence of oceanic core complexes (OCCs), which provide large exposures of mantle and lower crustal rocks on the seafloor on detachment fault footwalls at slow-spreading ridges. OCCs are a common structure in oceanic crust architecture of slow-spreading ridges. At least 172 OCCs have been identified so far and we can expect to discover hundreds of new OCCs as more detailed mapping takes place. Thirty-two of the thirty-nine OCCs that have been sampled to date contain peridotites. Moreover, peridotites dominate in the plutonic footwall of 77% of OCCs. Massive OCC peridotites come from the very top of the melting column beneath ocean ridges. They are typically spinel harzburgites and show 11.3–18.3% partial melting, generally representing a maximum degree of melting along a segment. Another key feature is the lower frequency of plagioclase-bearing peridotites in the mantle rocks and the lower abundance of plagioclase in the plagioclase-bearing peridotites in comparison to transform peridotites. The presence of plagioclase is usually linked to impregnation with late-stage melt. Based on the above, OCC peridotites away from segment ends and transforms can be treated as a new class of abyssal peridotites that differ from transform peridotites by a higher degree of partial melting and lower interaction with subsequent transient melt.
Źródło:
Geologos; 2015, 21, 4; 207-231
1426-8981
2080-6574
Pojawia się w:
Geologos
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The isolated Wuchiapingian (Zechstein) Wielichowo Reef and its sedimentary and diagenetic evolution, SW Poland
Autorzy:
Fheed, A.
Świerczewska, A. T.
Krzyżak, A.T.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2060002.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Państwowy Instytut Geologiczny – Państwowy Instytut Badawczy
Tematy:
reef
microfacies
diagenesis
porosity
Zechstein Limestone
Wolsztyn Ridge
Opis:
The development of a relatively small and isolated part of the Wuchiapingian, Zechstein Wielichowo Reef was possible owing to a progressive subsidence and frequent sea level fluctuations. Three biofacies were distinguished within the studied object: (1) a shallow-water and highly energetic Acanthocladia biofacies, dominated by bryozoans and crinoids, with poorly preserved porosity, reduced mainly by calcite cementation and compaction; (2) the Horridonia biofacies comprising numerous brachiopods, preferring a moderate depth of water, with comparably poor porosity; and (3) the Fenestella/Kingopora biofacies rich in fossils of the highest variability, related to the deepest and calmest waters, occurring on the top of the profile and showing a significant effective porosity, reaching almost 13%. Among many diagenetic processes altering the reef, several lines of evidence suggest that it was the meteoric diagenesis to enhance its porosity the most extensively. Since no stromatolites are present, the final sea level decrease is interpreted to be rapid, hence creating conditions favourable for the meteoric dissolution. Some intraparticle porosity, however, seems to be of a depositional origin.
Źródło:
Geological Quarterly; 2015, 59, 4; 762--780
1641-7291
Pojawia się w:
Geological Quarterly
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Predict manoeuvring indices using AIS data by ridge regression
Autorzy:
Mou, J.
Tang, G.
Rong, H.
Yue, X.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/359863.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Akademia Morska w Szczecinie. Wydawnictwo AMSz
Tematy:
ridge regression
manoeuvring
AIS data
prediction
collision avoidance
Opis:
The ridge regression is presented for identify manoeuvring indices in Nomoto’s model, and the result indicates that the method is robust and does not rely on initial estimation. For selecting appropriate AIS data for manoeuvring indices predicting, a frequency domain identification method is presented.
Źródło:
Zeszyty Naukowe Akademii Morskiej w Szczecinie; 2013, 36 (108) z. 2; 137-142
1733-8670
2392-0378
Pojawia się w:
Zeszyty Naukowe Akademii Morskiej w Szczecinie
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Relationship between ridge regression estimator and sample size when multicollinearity present among regressors
Autorzy:
Alibuhtto, M. C.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1192721.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Przedsiębiorstwo Wydawnictw Naukowych Darwin / Scientific Publishing House DARWIN
Tematy:
Exponential
Multicollinearity
Variance Influence Factor
Ridge Regression
Simulation
Opis:
The problem of multicollinearity is the most common problem in multiple regression models as in such cases, the ordinary least squares (OLS) estimator is inaccurately estimated. Of many methods suggested to solve the problem of multicollinearity, ridge regression method is a one of popular method. In this paper, simulation data with different level of correlation coefficient were generated using Monte Carlo techniques in SAS. The level of multicollinearity was detected by correlation matrix, variance influence factor (VIF) and condition number. The biased parameter (k) of ridge regression has been computed by using iterative method for ordinary ridge regression in different sample sizes. According to the results of this study, it was found that biased parameter (k) of ridge regression and sample sizes are significantly negatively correlated at level of 5% significance. This study would helpful to develop biased parameter table for different level of sample sizes in present of multicollinearity.
Źródło:
World Scientific News; 2016, 59; 12-23
2392-2192
Pojawia się w:
World Scientific News
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Efficient two-parameter estimator in linear regression model
Autorzy:
Dorugade, Ashok V.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1194454.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019-07-02
Wydawca:
Główny Urząd Statystyczny
Tematy:
multicollinearity
ridge regression
two-parameter estimator
mean squared error
Opis:
In this article, two-parameter estimators in linear model with multicollinearity are considered. An alternative efficient two-parameter estimator is proposed and its properties are examined. Furthermore, this was compared with the ordinary least squares (OLS) estimator and ordinary ridge regression (ORR) estimators. Also, using the mean squares error criterion the proposed estimator performs more efficiently than OLS estimator, ORR estimator and other reviewed two-parameter estimators. A numerical example and simulation study are finally conducted to illustrate the superiority of the proposed estimator.
Źródło:
Statistics in Transition new series; 2019, 20, 2; 173-185
1234-7655
Pojawia się w:
Statistics in Transition new series
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
X-ray micro computed tomography characterization of porosity in Rotliegend sandstones on the northern slope of the Wolsztyn Ridge, western Poland
Autorzy:
Poszytek, A.
Mikołajewski, Z.
Dohnalik, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2060542.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Państwowy Instytut Geologiczny – Państwowy Instytut Badawczy
Tematy:
Rotliegend
lithologic traps
sandstones
porosity
Wolsztyn Ridge
computed microtomography
Opis:
Natural gas in the Polish Rotliegend Basin occurs in porous and permeable aeolian sandstones, and traps are mostly structural. Lithological traps are rare and occur on the northern slope of the Wolsztyn Ridge where fluvial and aeolian sandstones overlap with alluvial facies. Both fluvial and aeolian sandstones are reservoir rocks in this area. The X-ray micro computed tomography (MCT) results and microscopic observations indicate that the sandstones in lithologic traps on the northern slope of the Wolsztyn Ridge form highly compartmentalized vertical reservoir rocks composed of four types of sandstones. The profiles are dominated by very low-porosity fluvial sandstones (F2), and low-porosity aeolian and fluvial sandstones (A2, F1). The A1 type of sandstones with high porosity (10%) occurs only in some sections of the profiles. The most important diagenetic processes that reduced porosity were compaction and cementation by carbonate cements. All studied sandstones were subjected to the same diagenetic processes. However, each of the processes ran with varying intensity in different types of sandstones. Detailed analyses of pore distribution by MCT methods with respect to primary depositional or lithofacies effects, and secondary diagenetic effects, help to understand the 3D geometry of pores and pore shape-size distributions. The results can be used in the studies of other sandstones with a different origin and age.
Źródło:
Geological Quarterly; 2016, 60, 4; 801-810
1641-7291
Pojawia się w:
Geological Quarterly
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Modern agglutinated Foraminifera from the Hovgård Ridge, Fram Strait, west of Spitsbergen: evidence for a deep bottom current
Autorzy:
Kaminski, M. A.
Niessen, F.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/191212.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Geologiczne
Tematy:
foraminifera
PARASOUND
Hovgǻrd Ridge
Fram Strait
Spitsbergen
Deep Cur rent
Opis:
Deep-water agglutinated foraminifera on the crest of the Hovgård Ridge, west of Spitsbergen, consist mostly of large tubular astrorhizids. At a boxcore station collected from the crest of Hovgård Ridge at a water depth of 1169 m, the sediment surface was covered with patches of large (1 mm diameter) tubular forms, belonging mostly to the species Astrorhiza crassatina Brady, with smaller numbers of Saccorhiza, Hyperammina, and Psammosiphonella. Non-tubular species consisted mainly of opportunistic forms, such as Psammosphaera and Reophax. The presence of large suspension-feeding tubular genera as well as opportunistic forms point to the presence of deep currents at this locality that are strong enough to disturb the benthic fauna. This is confirmed by data obtained from sediment echosounding, which exhibit lateral variation in relative sedimentation rates within the Pleistocene sedimentary drape covering the ridge, indicative of winnowing in a south-easterly direction.
Źródło:
Annales Societatis Geologorum Poloniae; 2015, 85, 1; 309-320
0208-9068
Pojawia się w:
Annales Societatis Geologorum Poloniae
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Mitigating the bending losses of the silica-titania-based rib waveguide structure
Autorzy:
Shahbaz, Muhammad
Kozłowski, Łukasz
Butt, Muhammad A.
Piramidowicz, Ryszard
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2204159.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Stowarzyszenie Elektryków Polskich
Tematy:
photonic integrated chips
waveguides
silica-titania
ridge waveguide
strip waveguide
Opis:
Optical waveguides (WGs) are widely used as interconnects in integrated optical circuits both for telecommunication and sensing applications. There are different kind of optical WG designs that offers different guiding parameters, opening a vast number of possibilities. A silica-titania (SiO₂:TiO₂) rib WG is discussed and examined by a numerical analysis in this article with a great emphasis on the analysis of bending losses and optimization. A modal analysis for different basic parameters of the WG is presented with a detailed wavelengthbased modal analysis. Various potential fabrication methods are discussed, however, a solgel method and dip-coating deposition technique are proposed for the low-cost development of such WGs. Moreover, an approach towards minimizing the bending losses by adding an upper cladding layer on the rib WG is presented and described.
Źródło:
Opto-Electronics Review; 2023, 31, 1; art. no. e145551
1230-3402
Pojawia się w:
Opto-Electronics Review
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Ridge geometry effect on the behavior of elastohydrodynamic lubrication of point contact problem
Autorzy:
Al-Samieh, Mohamed F. Abd
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1845008.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
surface roughness
transverse ridge
elastohydrodynamics
amplitude
chropowatość powierzchni
elastohydrodynamika
amplituda
Opis:
A numerical solution is presented to investigate the influence of the geometry and the amplitude of the transverse ridge on the characteristics of elastohydrodynamic lubrication for point contact problem under steady state condition. Several shapes of ridges with different amplitudes are used in the stationary case, such as flat-top ridge, cosine wave ridge and sharp ridge of triangular shape. Results of film thickness and pressure distributions of the aforementioned ridge feature are presented at different locations through an elastohydrodynamically lubricated contact zone for different amplitude of the ridge. Simulations were performed using the Newton-Raphson iteration technique to solve the Reynolds equation. The numerical results reveal that, to predict optimum solution for lubricated contact problem with artificial surface roughness, the geometrical characteristics of the ridge should have profiles with smooth transitions such as those of a cosine wave shape with relatively low amplitude to reduce pressure spike and therefore cause the reduction in the film thickness. The position of the location of the ridge across the contact zone and the amplitude of the ridge play an important role in the formation of lubricant film thickness and therefore determine the pressure distribution through the contact zone.
Źródło:
Archive of Mechanical Engineering; 2020, LXVII, 4; 491-508
0004-0738
Pojawia się w:
Archive of Mechanical Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Efficiency research of the preplant local deep loosening of soil in biological potato growing
Autorzy:
Ivanov, S.
Ustinov, V.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/336006.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012
Wydawca:
Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz - Przemysłowy Instytut Maszyn Rolniczych
Tematy:
uprawa gleby
doświadczenia
ziemniak
potatoes
soil tillage
ridge formation
field experimentation
Opis:
The article reflects the results of investigations into the improvement of a machine for soil tillage during the process of the preplant ridge formation of potatoes using the operative parts for local deep loosening in the root system area of potatoes.
Źródło:
Journal of Research and Applications in Agricultural Engineering; 2012, 57, 2; 83-84
1642-686X
2719-423X
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Research and Applications in Agricultural Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Silesian Ridge in the light of petrological analyses and LA-ICP MS U-Pb analyses of the cohesive debrites from the Istebna Formation (Silesian Nappe, Outer Western Carpathians, Poland)
Autorzy:
Szczuka, Monika
Gawęda, Aleksandra
Waśkowska, Anna
Golonka, Jan
Szopa, Krzysztof
Chew, David
Drakou, Foteini
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2187194.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Państwowy Instytut Geologiczny – Państwowy Instytut Badawczy
Tematy:
Outer Carpathians
Silesian Ridge
exotic clasts
U-Pb dating
zircon
rutile
Opis:
Exotic clasts present in flysch deposits of the Western Outer Carpathians enable investigation and reconstruction of the eroded crystalline basement of the Silesian Ridge. The flysch rocks of the Istebna Formation (Jasnowice Member: Paleocene) in the Silesian Nappe contain magmatic and metamorphic clasts derived from the Silesian Ridge basement. The crystalline rock fragments acquired from cohesive debrites were analyzed petrographically and geochemically, and zircon and rutile crystals were subject to LA-ICP-MS U-Pb dating. Granitoid clasts yielded Meso-Variscan U-Pb zircon ages (325.7 and 330.6 Ma), with older (Neoproterozoic to Paleoproterozoic) inherited cores and eNd330 = –12.0 (TDM age of 1.98 Ga). The orthogneiss clast yielded a protolith age of 1635 Ma and fingerprint of thermal reworking at ~288 Ma. Zircon crystals from the detrital clasts yielded similar U-Pb zircon ages to the granitoid clasts (311.5 to 391 and 331 Ma). The rutile crystals from sandstone yielded concordia age of 344.7 Ma. Zircon crystals from paragneiss, interpreted as a granitoid envelope, yielded 238U/206Pb ages between 557 and 686 Ma and include an inherited core of age ~1207.4 ±33.8 Ma. Age data from exotic clasts and the detrital zircon and rutile fraction suggest the core part of the Silesian Ridge was a Neoproterozoic to Mesoproterozoic envelope intruded by Meso-Variscan granitoid plutons.
Źródło:
Geological Quarterly; 2022, 66, 2; art. no. 20
1641-7291
Pojawia się w:
Geological Quarterly
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
A lost carbonate platform deciphered from clasts embedded in flysch: Štramberk-type limestones, Polish Outer Carpathians
Autorzy:
Hoffmann, Mariusz
Kołodziej, Bogusław
Kowal-Kasprzyk, Justyna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1835996.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Geologiczne
Tematy:
reefs
facies
Štramberk Limestone
Silesian Ridge
Jurassic
Cretaceous
Carpathian Basin
Polska
Opis:
Limestones designated the Štramberk-type are the most common carbonate exotic clasts (exotics) embedded in the uppermost Jurassic–Miocene flysch deposits of the Polish Outer Carpathians. About 80% of stratigraphically determinable carbonate exotics from the Silesian, Sub-Silesian and Skole units (nappes) are of Tithonian (mostly)–Berriasian (sporadically Valanginian) age. A study of these exotics revealed eight main facies types: coral-microbial boundstones (FT 1), microencruster-microbial-cement boundstones (FT 2), microbial and microbial-sponge boundstones (FT 3), detrital limestones (FT 4), foraminiferal-algal limestones (FT 5), peloidalbioclastic limestones (FT 6), ooid grainstones (FT 7), and mudstones-wackestones with calpionellids (FT 8). Štramberk-type limestones in Poland and the better known Štramberk Limestone in the Czech Republic are remnants of lost carbonate platforms, collectively designated the Štramberk Carbonate Platform. Narrow platforms were developed on intra-basinal, structural highs (some of them are generalized as the Silesian Ridge), with their morphology determined by Late Jurassic synsedimentary tectonics. An attempt was made to reconstruct the facies distribution on the Tithonian–earliest Cretaceous carbonate platform. In the inner platform, coral-microbial patch-reefs (FT 1) grew, while the upper slope of the platform was the depositional setting for the microencruster-microbial-cement boundstones (FT 2). Microbial and microbial-sponge boundstones (FT 3), analogous to the Oxfordian–Kimmeridgian boundstones of the northern Tethyan shelf (also present among exotics), were developed in a deeper setting. In the inner, open part of the platform, foraminiferal-algal limestones (FT 5) and peloidal-bioclastic limestones (FT 6) were deposited. Poorly sorted, detrital limestones (FT 4), including clastsupported breccias, were formed mainly in a peri-reefal environment and on the margin of the platform, in a high-energy setting. Ooid grainstones (FT 7), rarely represented in the exotics, were formed on the platform margin. Mudstones-wackestones with calpionellids (FT 8) were deposited in a deeper part of the platform slope and/or in a basinal setting. In tectonic grabens, between ridges with attached carbonate platforms, sedimentation of the pelagic (analogous to FT 8) and allodapic (“pre-flysch”) Cieszyn Limestone Formation took place. The most common facies are FT 4 and FT 1. Sedimentation on the Štramberk Carbonate Platform terminated in the earliest Cretaceous, when the platform was destroyed and drowned. It is recorded in a few exotics as thin, neptunian dykes (and large dykes in the Štramberk Limestone), filled with dark, deep-water limestones. Reefal facies of the Štramberk Carbonate Platform share similarities in several respects (e.g., the presence of the microencrustermicrobial-cement boundstones) with reefs of other intra-Tethyan carbonate platforms, but clearly differ from palaeogeographically close reefs and coral-bearing facies of the epicontinental Tethyan shelf (e.g., coeval limestones from the subsurface of the Carpathian Foredeep and the Lublin Upland in Poland; the Ernstbrunn Limestone in Austria and Czech Republic). Corals in the Štramberk Limestone and Štramberk-type limestones are the world’s most diverse coral assemblages of the Jurassic–Cretaceous transition. The intra-basinal ridge (ridges), traditionally called the Silesian Cordillera, which evolved through time from an emerged part of the Upper Silesian Massif to an accretionary prism, formed the most important provenance area for carbonate exotic clasts in the flysch of the Silesian Series. They are especially common in the Lower Cretaceous Hradiště Formation and the Upper Cretaceous–Paleocene Istebna Formation. The Baška-Inwałd 204 M. HOFFMANN Et Al. In the Polish Outer Carpathians, shallow-water carbonate sedimentation is recorded only by carbonate clasts, redeposited bioclasts, and very rare, small, unrooted, poorly exposed klippen. Clasts of limestones are exotic to the dominant siliciclastic, uppermost Jurassic–Miocene flysch deposits. They were derived from extrabasinal and intra-basinal source areas of the Carpathian rocks, which periodically emerged and were destroyed. Such rocks were described as “exotic” since the 19th century (“exotischen Graniten”, “exotische Blöcke”; Morlot, 1847; Hohenegger, 1861). In the general geological literature, the term “exotic clasts” is usually used (Flügel, 2010, p. 172), whereas in the Polish geological literature, the term “exotics” (Polish “egzotyki” including also carbonate exotics), is also commonly applied. On the basis of fossils, facies and microfacies, these clasts (pebbles, rarely blocks) are mostly described as Devonian–Carboniferous (Malik, 1978, 1979; Burtan et al., 1983; Tomaś et al., 2004) and Upper Jurassic–lowermost Cretaceous (the present paper and references therein), more rarely Middle Jurassic (Książkiewicz, 1935, 1956a; Barczyk, 1998; Olszewska and Wieczorek, 2001), Early Cretaceous (Oszczypko et al., 1992, 2006, 2020; Krobicki et al., 2005), Late Cretaceous (Książkiewicz, 1956a; Gasiński, 1998) and Palaeogene in age (Leszczyński, 1978; Rajchel and Myszkowska, 1998; Leszczyński et al., 2012; Minor-Wróblewska, 2017). At the beginning of these studies, the focus was on small, unrooted klippen, namely the Andrychów Klippen (called also Klippes) near Wadowice (Zeuschner, 1849; Hohenegger, 1861; Uhlig, 1904; Książkiewicz, 1935, 1971b; Nowak, 1976; Gasiński, 1998; Olszewska and Wieczorek, 2001), and in Kruhel Wielki, near Przemyśl (Niedźwiedzki, 1876; Wójcik, 1907, 1913, 1914; Bukowy and Geroch, 1956; Morycowa, 1988; Olszewska et al., 2009), now poorly exposed. Subsequently, exotic pebbles, much more common and providing data on more facies, were studied more frequently. The first attempt to describe exotics, including crystalline rocks, was presented by Nowak (1927). Jurassic–Cretaceous carbonate exotics at Bachowice, containing facies unknown at other localities in the Polish Outer Carpathians, were described by Książkiewicz (1956a). The preliminary results of studies, which encompassed the entire spectrum of carbonate exotics from the western part of the Polish Outer Carpathians, were presented by Burtan et al. (1984). Malik (1978, 1979) described both Palaeozoic and Mesozoic carbonate clasts in the Hradiště Sandstone of the Silesian Unit, but other studies were mostly concerned with the Štramberk-type limestones from selected outcrops. The studies of these limestones, if concerned with exotics at many localities, were focused on their fossil content (e.g., Kołodziej, 2003a; Bucur et al., 2005; Ivanova and Kołodziej, 2010; Kowal-Kasprzyk, 2014, 2018) or presented only the preliminary results of facies studies (e.g., Hoffmann and Kołodziej, 2008; Hoffmann et al., 2008). Carbonate platforms, the existence of which was deciphered from detrital carbonate components, are called lost carbonate platforms (e.g., Belka et al., 1996; Flügel, 2010; Kukoč et al., 2012). Clasts and other shallowwater components are, metaphorically, witnesses to lost carbonate factories (the term is taken from Coletti et al., 2015). Analyses of the age and lithology of exotic clasts have been applied in the reconstruction of the provenance areas of the clasts and their palaeogeography and the development of the sedimentary sequences of the Polish Outer Carpathians (e.g., Książkiewicz, 1956b, 1962, 1965; Unrug, 1968; Oszczypko, 1975; Oszczypko et al., 1992, 2006; Hoffmann, 2001; Krobicki, 2004; Słomka et al., 2004; Malata et al., 2006; Poprawa and Malata, 2006; Poprawa et al., 2006a, b; Strzeboński et al., 2017; Kowal-Kasprzyk et al., 2020). Štramberk-type limestones are most common among the exotics. It is a field term that refers to limestones, mostly beige in colour, that are supposed to be the age and facies equivalents of the Tithonian–lower Berriasian Štramberk Limestone in Moravia (Czech Republic; Eliáš and Eliášová, 1984; Picha et al., 2006). The Štramberk Limestone and the Štramberk-type limestones of both countries were deposited on platforms, attached to the intrabasinal ridges and margins of the basin of the Outer Carpathians. These platforms are collectively termed the Štramberk Carbonate Platform. The terms “Štramberk Limestone” and “Štramberk-type limestones” have been widely used in the area of the former Austro-Hungarian Empire for the field description of shallow-water limestones of assumed Late Jurassic age, usually occurring within flysch deposits of the Outer Carpathians. Upper Jurassic–lowermost Cretaceous shallow-water limestones in Romania (commonly forming mountains or ridges, e.g., Pleş et al., 2013, 2016), in Bulgaria and Serbia (Tchoumatchenco et al., 2006), and Ukraine (Krajewski and Schlagintweit, 2018), and in Turkey (Masse et al., 2015) sometimes are referred to as the Štramberk-type limestones as well. In the Austrian-German literature similar limestones in the Alps are known as the Plassen Limestone (e.g., Steiger and Wurm, 1980; Schlagintweit et al., 2005). Biostratigraphic studies revealed that some carbonate clasts, accounting for several percent of the exotics and commonly Ridge and the Sub-Silesian Ridge were the source areas for clasts from the Silesian and Sub-Silesian units (e.g., in the Hradiště Formation), while the Northern (Marginal) Ridge was the source for clasts from the Skole Unit (e.g., in the Maastrichtian–Paleocene Ropianka Formation).
Źródło:
Annales Societatis Geologorum Poloniae; 2021, 91, 3; 203-251
0208-9068
Pojawia się w:
Annales Societatis Geologorum Poloniae
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Geomorfologiczne skutki turystycznego użytkowania grzbietów górskich na przykładzie ścieżek pieszych w Tatrach Zachodnich i górach Bucegi (Rumunia)
Geomorphological effects of tourist usage of the mountain ridges on the example of tourist footpaths in the Western Tatra Mountains (Poland) and the Bucegi Mountains (Romania)
Autorzy:
Fidelus, J.
Rogowski, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/294773.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012
Wydawca:
Stowarzyszenie Geomorfologów Polskich
Tematy:
grzbiet górski
szlak turystyczny
erozja turystyczna
mountain ridge
tourist trails
tourist erosion
Opis:
Zależności pomiędzy poszczególnymi elementami środowiska naturalnego w łączności ze zróżnicowanym oddziaływaniem antropogenicznym wpływają na odmienne funkcjonowanie najwyżej zlokalizowanych terenów pasm górskich. Strefami należącymi do najbardziej podatnych na oddziaływanie i przekształcenia antropogeniczne są grzbiety górskie, w obrębie których istnieją ścieżki turystyczne. Ich przebieg zależy od cech morfometrycznych grzbietu, dostępności stoków oraz atrakcyjności turystycznej wierzchołków i przełęczy. System grzbietowy Tatr Zachodnich i gór Bucegi charakteryzuje się odmienną rzeźbą terenu, warunkami geologicznymi, klimatem oraz użytkowaniem. Dlatego na obszarach tych dochodzi do rozwoju odmiennych form rzeźby w obrębie ścieżek turystycznych. Celem badań było porównanie wykształcenia form erozyjnych i akumulacyjnych oraz obszarów zdegradowanych w obrębie szlaków w dwóch odmiennych wysokogórskich systemach grzbietowych Karpat. Ponadto, jeśli było to możliwe, przedstawiono propozycje ochronne zagospodarowania terenów zdegradowanych. W celu określenia przekształceń rzeźby w strefach grzbietowych zastosowano metodę kartowania geomorfologicznego wzdłuż najintensywniej użytkowanych ścieżek turystycznych oraz ich inwentaryzację fotograficzną. Dodatkowo przeprowadzono analizę porównawczą zdjęć satelitarnych z ogólnodostępnej witryny internetowej. Badania wykazały, że z uwagi na odmienne warunki naturalne i użytkowanie obu badanych obszarów, można wyodrębnić dwa różnie funkcjonujące systemy grzbietowe. W Tatrach Zachodnich jest to szereg zróżnicowanych genetycznie form w obrębie ścieżek pieszych na grzbiecie górskim. Natomiast w górach Bucegi są to przeważnie zdegradowane strefy powierzchniowe przekształcone w wyniku użytkowania gospodarczego, pasterskiego i turystycznego, zlokalizowane wzdłuż dróg i ścieżek pieszych.
Dependencies between individual elements of the natural environment together with diverse human impact factors influence the differences in the functioning of high mountain regions. High mountain ridges with tourist footpaths are very susceptible to, and most easily transformed by, human pressure. The footpath’s course is dependent on morphometric features of the ridge, accessibility of the hillside and tourist attractiveness of mountaintops and passes. The ridge systems of the Western Tatra and Bucega mountains feature different relief forms, geoecological conditions, climate and usage. Because of these differences, distinct poligenetic forms develop in each of these regions. The aim of our research was to determine the rationale for the formation of various erosional and accumulative landforms and degraded areas in two distinct high mountain ridge systems within the Carpathians. In order to define relief transformations in the ridge sections geomorphological mapping of the most intensively used footpaths was performed, as well as photographic cataloguing. Additionally, comparative analysis of satellite images from a publicly accessible internet source was performed. Research has shown that because of distinct natural conditions and usage in both research areas, two uniquely functioning ridge systems can be identified. In the Western Tatras various genetically diverse landforms develop within footpaths on the ridge. In the Bucega mountains surface areas transformed by tourist usage, farming and grazing are the dominant landform located along roads and footpaths.
Źródło:
Landform Analysis; 2012, 19; 29-40
1429-799X
Pojawia się w:
Landform Analysis
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Wyświetlanie 1-15 z 40

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