Temat: resistance selection - Katalog OPAC zbiorów

Skocz do pozycji: 1.

Tytuł:: Wpływ zabiegu agrotechnicznego na stan zdrowotny klonalnej plantacji nasiennej jesionu wyniosłego (Fraxinus excelsior L.) w kontekście jej porażenia przez Hymenoscyphus fraxineus (T. Kowalski)
Effect of agrotechnical treatment on the health condition of the clonal seed ash plantation (Fraxinus excelsior L.) in the context of its infection by Hymenoscyphus fraxineus (T. Kowalski)
Autorzy:: Przybylski, P.
Sikora, K.
Mohytych, V.
Włostowski, M.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/978969.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2020
Wydawca:: Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
Tematy:: resistance selection
seed orchard
defoliation
Fraxinus excelsior
Hymenoscyphus fraxineus
Opis:: Ash is an important component of European forest ecosystems. In recent years the stability of the species has been threatened by the fungus Hymenoscyphus fraxineus (T. Kowalski) Baral, Queloz & Hosoya 2014 (anamorph Chalara fraxinea). Infested stands die out dynamically, and forest management does not have the seeds to restore future populations. Seed orchards may be a suitable place, where the seed can be obtained, and through which the results of immunological selection can be implemented. To reduce the infestation of seed orchards by H. fraxineus, autumn leaves that are the source of inoculum can be removed. Hence, the main aim of the study was to assess the impact of the removal of fallen leaves on the health status of clonal seed orchard of ash. The studied seed orchard is located in the Łomża Forest District (N 22.06, E 53.31), observations were made on 237 strains of 31 clones of parents. The health of ash trees based on the defoliation of crowns was assessed in August, in years 2018−2019. In order to reduce the source of H. fraxineus inoculum in the next vegetation season, an agrotechnical procedure was carried out on the orchard site to completely remove fallen ash leaves. ANOVA was used to determine the effect of this procedure on the health of ash crowns. A significant reduction in the level of defoliation (F=12.89) was demonstrated over the years of observation. The reaction of individual clones to the procedure was not uniform. The best result was obtained for clones with low and stable defoliation levels in strains. This result confirms that systematic application of agrotechnical treatment has a beneficial effect on the health and regeneration capabilities of selected clones. This result is as expected and shows the potential to carry out immunological selection of ash.
Źródło:: Sylwan; 2020, 164, 05; 404-413
0039-7660
Pojawia się w:: Sylwan
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 2.

Tytuł:: Increasing the efficiency of potato breeding through marker assisted selection - general thoughts. Molecular markers for late blight resistance - when applied for breeders?
Autorzy:: Trognitz, Bodo R.
Trognitz, Friederike Ch.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2198962.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2004-12-20
Wydawca:: Instytut Hodowli i Aklimatyzacji Roślin
Tematy:: marker assisted selection
potato breeding
potato late blight resistance
Opis:: Despite many breathtaking breakthroughs in the area of crop genetics and genomics, plant breeding still widely depends on the methods that had been worked out almost a century ago. This is not because commercial plant breeders are overly conservative but because the new knowledge lacks efficient and economical tools that would permit their application in practice. Breeders desire supporting technologies that would facilitate laborious and time-consuming screening in the field and laboratory. In particular, resistance screening often cannot be performed satisfactorily as the necessary disease pressure and appropriate pathogen populations may be unavailable. In potato breeding, specific and often complex resistances need to be developed, at the same time maintaining high levels of quality and culinary characteristics. Therefore, it is worthwhile to revisit the facts that comprise the progress in genetics of disease resistance and to analyze current technologies of genotyping and marker assisted selection, with the objective to detect those parameters that limit the efficiency of methods for commercial application. Selection in potato for resistance to late blight will be highlighted as an example. Maps, genes and markers for resistance have been identified – how universal are they? Single genes and quantitative trait loci for race-specific and race non-specific resistance are known – how efficient is their use? Marker technologies based on polymerase chain reaction and DNA hybridization have been developed that are far more efficient than first-generation technologies – is their use in commercial breeding economical? By discussing these issues concepts will emerge that help to pave the way for marker assisted selection (MAS) in potato breeding. The most important parameters required for economical MAS include to have a clear idea of the traits to be selected for, to use proven, reliable markers, to have in place a robust system for the collection and management of DNA samples, and to use technologies whose total cost is below or equal to the cost of the conventional methods. The most striking advantages of MAS are that a breeder will obtain more information than by conventional methodology, the information will be more precise, field labour can be saved and in that way the breeding process will be intensified. The implementation of the new technology could lead to even closer collaboration of breeders and scientists. Possible disadvantages include the relative increase of laboratory and computer work within the breeding program, and possibly higher costs during the implementation phase of the new technology.
Źródło:: Plant Breeding and Seed Science; 2004, 50; 95-105
1429-3862
2083-599X
Pojawia się w:: Plant Breeding and Seed Science
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 3.

Tytuł:: Prosta metoda selekcji materiałów hodowlanych pszenicy i pszenżyta z wykorzystaniem nieoczyszczonego filtratu zawierającego efektor Tox3
A simple method of selecting wheat and triticale breeding materials using a crude filtrate containing the Tox3 effector
Autorzy:: Walczewski, Jakub
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2199373.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2020-10-22
Wydawca:: Instytut Hodowli i Aklimatyzacji Roślin
Tematy:: effektory
SNB
nodorum
nekrotrof
selekcja
hodowla odpornościowa
effectors
necrotroph
selection
resistance breeding
Opis:: Parastagonospora nodorum jest powszechnie występującym nekrotroficznym patogenem zbóż atakującym przede wszystkim pszenżyto i pszenicę, wywołuje on septoriozę liści i plew, która w sprzyjających warunkach pogodowych powoduje duże straty w plonie. Patogen ten wykorzystuje szereg specyficznych białkowych efektorów, które u wrażliwych genotypów uruchamiają szlaki sygnałowe prowadzące do programowanej śmierci komórek, w wyniku, czego powstają zmiany nekrotyczne w zainfekowanej tkance. W powyższej pracy przedstawiono procedurę testowania obiektów hodowlanych pod względem wrażliwości na efektor Tox3 z wykorzystaniem nieoczyszczanego filtratu z hodowli P. nodorum. Podejście to pozwala osiągnąć zadowalające efekty selekcji bez konieczności stosowania kłopotliwych procedur oczyszczania lub ekspresji opartej o genetycznie zmodyfikowane mikroorganizmy.
Parastagonospora nodorum is a wide spread necrotrophic pathogen of crop that primary attack wheat and triticale. It is casual agent of septoria nodorum leaf and glume blotch (SNB), which in favorable weather conditions causes large yield losses. This pathogen uses a number of specific protein effectors that in sensitive genotypes trigger signaling pathways leading to programmed cell death, resulting in necrotic changes in infected tissue. This work presents the procedure for testing breeding objects for sensitivity to the Tox3 effector using non-purified filtrate from P. nodorum culture. This approach allows achieving satisfactory selection results without the need for troublesome purification procedures or expression based on genetically modified microorganisms.
Źródło:: Biuletyn Instytutu Hodowli i Aklimatyzacji Roślin; 2020, 290; 9-14
0373-7837
2657-8913
Pojawia się w:: Biuletyn Instytutu Hodowli i Aklimatyzacji Roślin
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 4.

Tytuł:: Marker-assisted selection for scald (Rhynchosporium commune L.) resistance gene(s) in barley breeding for dry areas
Autorzy:: Sayed, H.
Baum, M.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/65161.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2018
Wydawca:: Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:: marker-assisted selection
marker aided selection zob.marker-assisted selection
leaf blotch
scald zob.leaf blotch
Rhynchosporium commune
resistance gene
barley
plant breeding
dry climate
foliar disease
plant disease
fungal disease
Opis:: Barley scald, caused by Rhynchosporium commune is one of the most prevalent diseases in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) worldwide. The primary loss from scald is reduced yield, which can exceed 25% in dry areas. In our earlier studies, we developed a low-resolution linkage map for recombinant inbred lines of the cross Tadmor/WI2291. Quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for scald were localized on chromosomes 2H and 3H flanked by Simple Sequence Repeat (SSR) markers HVM54 and Bmac0093b on 2H and HVLTPP8, HVM62 and Bmag0006 on 3H. These chromosome 3H markers were found to be located close to the Rrs1 − R. commune resistance gene(s) on chromosome 3H. In this study, 10 homozygous resistant and 10 homozygous susceptible plants each from the F7 population of Tadmor/ Sel160, a panel of 23 barley varieties used routinely in the International Centre for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas (ICARDA) breeding program and three populations were used for scald resistance screening using 25 DNA markers that are located very close to scald resistance gene(s) on barley chromosomes. Only five of those markers clearly discriminated co-dominantly between resistant and susceptible plants. These markers, Ebmac0871- SSR, HVS3-SCAR, Bmag0006-SSR, reside on different arms of barley chromosome 3H. Ebmac871 is localized on the short arm of 3H and HVS3 and Bmag0006 are localized on the long arm of 3H. This result indicates that the scald resistance genes which they tag are probably close to the centromeric region of this chromosome. Scald resistance from several sources map to the proximal region of the long arm of chromosome 3H, forming the complex Rrs1 locus. The availability of highly polymorphic markers for the discrimination of breeding material would be extremely useful for barley breeders to select for the trait at the DNA level rather than relying on phenotypic expression and infection reaction.
Źródło:: Journal of Plant Protection Research; 2018, 58, 4
1427-4345
Pojawia się w:: Journal of Plant Protection Research
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 5.

Tytuł:: Odpornosc na wirusy i matwika wazna cecha w doborze odmiany ziemniaka do produkcji
Autorzy:: Chrzanowska, M
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/835009.pdf
Data publikacji:: 1996
Wydawca:: Instytut Hodowli i Aklimatyzacji Roślin
Tematy:: odpornosc na choroby
matwik ziemniaczany
wirusy
ziemniaki
uprawa roslin
odpornosc roslin
dobor odmian
odpornosc na szkodniki
disease resistance
Globodera rostochiensis
potato cyst nematode
virus
potato
plant cultivation
plant resistance
cultivar selection
pest resistance
Źródło:: Ziemniak Polski; 1996, 2; 11-14
1425-4263
Pojawia się w:: Ziemniak Polski
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 6.

Tytuł:: Genetic variability of canker resistance trait in Cupressus sempervirens L. progenies
Autorzy:: Santini, A
Camussi, A
Raddi, P
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2046614.pdf
Data publikacji:: 1997
Wydawca:: Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:: Seridium cardinale
cypress
Italy
canker
genetic variability
crossing
common cypress
early selection
bark canker resistance
Cupressus sempervirens
environment condition
Opis:: The genetic basis of the resistance of the common cypress to Seridium cardinale was investigated in the environmental condition of Central Italy. The cortical canker caused by the fungus affects the common cypress since the 1970’s in Europe and the genetic improvement for the resistance is considered an effective tool to cope with the bark canker epidemics. General and specific combining abilities of thirty mother plants were estimated by means of a North Carolina II mating design including four cypress clones as testers showing divergent degree of canker resistance. The strong differences among testers and general combining effects showed that the character under investigation has an additive genetic control. The best combinations were identified within the families from the crosses with the resistant tester. The results however showed that an early classification of the mother trees, based on a simple unreplicated resistance screening test, is not effective to predict the behaviour in crosses. Replicated screening tests based on morpho-physiological and chemical characteristics are suggested, because the bark canker resistant traits is not sufficiently stable in cypress trees.
Źródło:: Journal of Applied Genetics; 1997, 38, 4; 453-461
1234-1983
Pojawia się w:: Journal of Applied Genetics
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 7.

Tytuł:: Eyespot resistance of winter wheat breeding lines evaluated with marker-assisted selection and inoculation tests at the seedling and adult plant stages
Autorzy:: Majka, M.
Kwiatek, M.
Korbas, M.
Danielewicz, J.
Gawlowska, M.
Goral, T.
Wisniewska, H.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/65926.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2018
Wydawca:: Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:: plant disease
fungal disease
eyespot
wheat
Triticum aestivum
resistance
winter wheat
plant breeding
breeding line
marker-assisted selection
inoculation
seedling
adult plant
Oculimacula yallundae
Oculimacula acuformis
Opis:: Eyespot is one of the most important fungal diseases of the stem base of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). The presented study clearly demonstrated that the Pch1 gene was the main effective source for reducing the eyespot disease score in the analyzed winter wheat lines. Nevertheless, Pch1 was present only in 8−9% of the investigated lines. Using an isoenzymatic marker and molecular markers, the presence of the Pch1 gene and lack of the Pch2 gene was identified in six lines. Two lines, SMH 9409 and DL 358/13/4, were polymorphic in an isoenzymatic marker study. In the remaining three lines, C 3373/11-1, KBH 15.15 and KBP 1416, the Pch1 gene was identified only with the use of an isoenzymatic marker. Both genes Pch1 and Pch2, as well as the resistant variety Rendezvous, were found in three lines: DD 248/12, KBP 15.2 and STH 4431. In line DD 708/13, the presence of the Pch1 and Pch2 genes was identified, where the association between the Pch1 and the locus of the Xorw5 marker was broken. It was shown that the presence or absence of Pch1 and Pch2 genes did not significantly affect the grain yield (from the plot), although the yield was highest in the presence of both genes. A significant effect of the presence of the Pch1 gene on thousand kernel weight (TKW) was observed. Lines with the Pch1 gene showed significantly higher TKW values than lines without both genes or with the Pch2 gene only.
Źródło:: Journal of Plant Protection Research; 2018, 58, 4
1427-4345
Pojawia się w:: Journal of Plant Protection Research
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki