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    Wyświetlanie 1-8 z 8
    Tytuł:
    Occupational Cognitive Failure and Its Relationship With Unsafe Behaviors and Accidents
    Autorzy:
    Hassanzadeh-Rangi, N.
    Farshad, A. A.
    Khosravi, Y.
    Zare, G.
    Mirkazemi, R.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/89976.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2014
    Wydawca:
    Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy
    Tematy:
    occupational cognitive failure
    unsafe driving behavior
    accident
    niebezpieczne zachowania
    wypadki
    kierowca
    Opis:
    Objectives. The aim of this study was to assess the relationship between occupational cognitive failures (OCFs) and unsafe behaviors, accidents and driving offences among municipal bus drivers in Tehran, Iran. Methods. Systematic random sampling was used to select 190 drivers from 3 transport and traffic Tehran districts. Data were collected with the occupational cognitive failure questionnaire (OCFQ), the driver behavior questionnaire and a data collection form. Results. The mean (SD) numbers of driving-related offences and road traffic accidents were 1.5 (2.6) and 0.37 (1.0), respectively. The mean (SD) numbers of deliberate driving violations, unintended violations, driving slips and mistakes were 6.97 (5.5), 1.61 (1.5), 13.6 (9.0) and 4.53 (3.28), respectively. The mean (SD) number of the OCFs was 28.9 (20.5). A significant correlation was found between occupational cognitive error and unsafe driving behavior subscales. The stepwise logistic regression results showed that, while controlling the effects of confounding factors, the OCF predicts 6%, 9%, 15% and 9% of deliberate violations, unintended violations, driving slips and driving mistakes, respectively. Conclusion. The results of this study show that the score of the OCFQ is a predictor of unsafe driving behaviors and its subscales.
    Źródło:
    International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics; 2014, 20, 2; 265-271
    1080-3548
    Pojawia się w:
    International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Cognitive Failures, Driving Errors and Driving Accidents
    Autorzy:
    Allahyari, T.
    Saraji, G. N.
    Adl, J.
    Hosseini, M.
    Iravani, M.
    Younesian, M.
    Kass, S. J.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/90753.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2008
    Wydawca:
    Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy
    Tematy:
    cognitive failure
    driving error
    driving accident
    taxi drivers
    self-report data
    Opis:
    Introduction. The impact of a driver’s cognitive capability on traffic safety has not been adequately studied. This study examined the relationship between cognitive failures, driving errors and accident data. Method. Professional drivers from Iran (160 males, ages 18–65) participated in this study. The cognitive failures questionnaire (CFQ) and the driver error questionnaire were administered. The participants were also asked other questions about personal driving information. A principal component analysis with varimax rotation was performed to determine the factor structure of the CFQ. Poisson regression models were developed to predict driving errors and accidents from total CFQ scores and the extracted factors. Results. Total CFQ scores were associated with driving error rates, but not with accidents. However, the 2 extracted factors suggested an increased effect on accidents and were strongly associated with driving errors. Discussion. Although the CFQ was not able to predict driving accidents, it could be used to identify drivers susceptible to driving errors. Further development of a driving-oriented cognitive failure scale is recommended to help identify error prone drivers. Such a scale may be beneficial to licensing authorities or for developing driver selection and training procedures for organizations.
    Źródło:
    International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics; 2008, 14, 2; 149-158
    1080-3548
    Pojawia się w:
    International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Learning to Drive: Learners' Self-Reported Cognitive Failure Level Predicts Driving Instructor's Observation Rating of Driving Performance
    Autorzy:
    Elfering, A.
    Ruppen, V.
    Grebner, S.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/90303.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2013
    Wydawca:
    Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy
    Tematy:
    young drivers
    cognitive failure
    conscientiousness
    traffic safety
    kierowcy i maszyniści
    młode osoby
    bezpieczeństwo na drodze
    świadomość
    Opis:
    Objectives. Evidence increases that cognitive failure may be used to screen for drivers at risk. Until now, most studies have relied on driving learners. This exploratory pilot study examines self-report of cognitive failure in driving beginners and error during real driving as observed by driving instructors. Methods. Forty-two driving learners of 14 driving instructors filled out a work-related cognitive failure questionnaire. Driving instructors observed driving errors during the next driving lesson. In multiple linear regression analysis, driving errors were regressed on cognitive failure with the number of driving lessons as an estimator of driving experience controlled. Results. Higher cognitive failure predicted more driving errors (p < .01) when age, gender and driving experience were controlled in analysis. Conclusions. Cognitive failure was significantly associated with observed driving errors. Systematic research on cognitive failure in driving beginners is recommended.
    Źródło:
    International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics; 2013, 19, 3; 485-491
    1080-3548
    Pojawia się w:
    International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Occupational Cognitive Failures and Safety Performance in the Workplace
    Autorzy:
    Allahyari, T.
    Rangi, N. H.
    Khalkhali, H.
    Khosravi, Y.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/90818.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2014
    Wydawca:
    Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy
    Tematy:
    occupational cognitive failure
    safety consequences
    accident involvement
    industrial workplace
    wypadki przy pracy
    stanowiska pracy
    błąd człowieka
    kwestionariusz
    aspekt poznawczy
    Opis:
    Introduction. The majority of industrial accidents occur because of human errors. Human error has different causes, however, in all cases cognitive abilities and limitations of human play an important role. Occupational cognitive failures are cognitively-based human errors that occur at work. The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between occupational cognitive failures and safety consequences. Method. Personnel of a large industrial company in Iran filled out an occupational cognitive failure questionnaire (OCFQ) and answered questions on accidents. Univariate and multiple logistic regression analysis were used to determine the relationship between cognitive failures and safety consequences. Results. According to developed regression models, personnel with a high rate of cognitive failure, in comparison to low rate, have a high risk of minor injury involvement (OR 5.1, 95% CI [2.62, 10.3]); similar results were for major injury and near miss. Discussion. The results of this study revealed usefulness of the OCFQ as a tool of predicting safetyrelated consequences and planning preventive actions.
    Źródło:
    International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics; 2014, 20, 1; 175-180
    1080-3548
    Pojawia się w:
    International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    The effect of emotions, promotion vs. prevention focus, and feedback on cognitive engagement
    Autorzy:
    Wytykowska, Agata
    Gabińska, Anna
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/430473.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2015-09-01
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    promotion
    prevention
    emotions
    cognitive engagement
    success and failure
    Opis:
    The purpose of the study was to explore the role of emotions, promotion-prevention orientation and feedback on cognitive engagement. In the experiment participants had the possibility to engage in a categorization task thrice. After the first categorization all participants were informed that around 75% of their answers were correct. After the second categorization, depending on the experimental condition, participants received feedback either about success or failure. Involvement in the third categorization was depended on participants’ decision whether to take part in it or not. Each time, before and after categorization, the emotional state was assessed. Results showed that promotion orientation predicted experiencing curiosity before the task, which in turn led to a higher cognitive engagement in the first categorization. Promotion and prevention orientation moderated the type of emotional response to positive feedback. Promotion orientation also predicted cognitive engagement after the feedback of success was provided. Generally results confirmed the positive effect of positive emotions as well as promotion orientation on cognitive engagement.
    Źródło:
    Polish Psychological Bulletin; 2015, 46, 3; 350-361
    0079-2993
    Pojawia się w:
    Polish Psychological Bulletin
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    CHOICE OVERLOAD PARADOX AND PUBLIC POLICY DESIGN. THE CASE OF SWEDISH PENSION SYSTEM
    Autorzy:
    Czech, Sławomir
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/517425.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2016
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Badań Gospodarczych
    Tematy:
    extensive choice
    cognitive limitations
    market failure
    choice architecture
    funded pensions
    Opis:
    In this paper we focus on an adverse effect of extensive choice widely known as ‘choice overload’. We draw on the case of Swedish funded pensions for illustration and analyze the consequences of the design that allowed for maximizing the choice set. The analysis shows limitations of employing the rational choice approach to the real choice decisions biased with common psychological factors and demonstrates that government’s responsibility for the privatized pension system does not end with the design. We also emphasize the need for a decent default option, which would mitigate socially harmful results of adverse behavior effects like procrastination, status quo bias or abstaining from choice. After all, privatized pension systems still belong to the sphere of public policy.
    Źródło:
    Equilibrium. Quarterly Journal of Economics and Economic Policy; 2016, 11, 3; 559-584
    1689-765X
    2353-3293
    Pojawia się w:
    Equilibrium. Quarterly Journal of Economics and Economic Policy
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Application of fuzzy cognitive mapping in the analysis of small earth dam failure
    Autorzy:
    Shongwe, Mduduzi I.
    Maseko, Thabo
    Vilane, Bruce R. T.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/292802.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2020
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Technologiczno-Przyrodniczy
    Tematy:
    dam failure
    fuzzy cognitive mapping
    small earth dams
    systems thinking
    Opis:
    Small earth dams are most valuable in arid and semi-arid areas where they are used for both domestic and agricultural purposes. These dams however, continue to fail. The causes of such failures are interconnected in the sense that one can trigger the other. Most research into earth dams nevertheless, uses reductionist approaches. Such approaches do not consider the complex interactions between these modes and/or causes. This research used fuzzy cognitive mapping to identify the prominent modes and causes of small earth dam failure in Swaziland and to capture their interactions. A sample of seven earth dam construction experts was purposively selected from five institutions for individual interviews. An individual map was developed from each interview. An aggregated map was thereafter developed by combining seven individual maps. The results indicated that overtopping, piping and sliding were the common modes of earth dam failure. Overtopping was mainly due to siltation whilst animal barrows and tree roots were largely responsible for piping. Sliding was mostly associated construction defects and sudden drawdown. It was concluded that most of the failures were linked to poor management of catchments and that of the dams. It is recommended that future designs and management should increase the level of community participation in order to limit some of the causes associated with land use practices.
    Źródło:
    Journal of Water and Land Development; 2020, 44; 136-142
    1429-7426
    2083-4535
    Pojawia się w:
    Journal of Water and Land Development
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    On the Evaluation of Handover Exchange Schemes Between Two Cognitive Radio Base Stations with and without Buffers
    Autorzy:
    Esenogho, E.
    Mambou, E. N.
    Ferreira, H. C.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/226444.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2018
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    cognitive radio networks
    channel handover exchange scheme
    blocking probability
    force termination
    handover failure
    Opis:
    This article investigates and evaluates a handover exchange scheme between two secondary users (SUs) moving in different directions across the handover region of neighboring cell in a cognitive radio network. More specifically, this investigation compares the performance of SUs in a cellular cognitive radio network with and without channel exchange scheme. The investigation shows reduced handover failure, blocking, forced and access probabilities respectively, for handover exchange scheme with buffer as compared to exchange scheme without buffer. It also shows transaction within two cognitive nodes within a network region. The system setup is evaluated through system simulation.
    Źródło:
    International Journal of Electronics and Telecommunications; 2018, 64, 4; 513-518
    2300-1933
    Pojawia się w:
    International Journal of Electronics and Telecommunications
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
      Wyświetlanie 1-8 z 8

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