Informacja

Drogi użytkowniku, aplikacja do prawidłowego działania wymaga obsługi JavaScript. Proszę włącz obsługę JavaScript w Twojej przeglądarce.

Wyszukujesz frazę "House" wg kryterium: Temat


Tytuł:
The skin and bones of structure. A brief history of how Mies van der Rohe revealed the skeleton of the house
Szkielet i obudowa. Krótka historia tego, jak Mies van der Rohe wyeksponował konstrukcję budynku
Autorzy:
García, Alejandro Cervilla
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/293999.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Politechnika Wrocławska. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej
Tematy:
Mies van der Rohe
Riehl House
Mosler House
Esters House
Lange House
Weissenhofsiedlung
Wolf House
Tugendhat House
Farnsworth House
structure
konstrukcja
Opis:
Mies van der Rohe is considered one of the great masters of the 20th century, both for the coherence of his work and for his ability to make modern architecture based on the importance of structure. This is recognized by the architect and architectural critic, Peter Blake, in the chapter he devoted to Mies van der Rohe, entitled The Mastery of Structure, in his “Masters of Architecture” series. In the present article we would like to analyze the evolution of the image of structure in the houses of Mies van der Rohe, from his very first dwelling, Riehl House, built in Berlin in 1907, to his last house, Morris Greenwald, built in Weston in 1953. We will see how structure underwent a radical transformation over this period progressing from the innermost hidden realm of Architecture outwards to its exterior, and how in this process, the German maestro managed to transcend the idea of structure and its load-bearing capability to convert it into the main artistic element of his architecture.
Mies van der Rohe uważany jest za jednego z wielkich mistrzów XX w., zarówno z powodu spójności jego pracy, jak i jego zdolności do tworzenia nowoczesnej architektury opartej na znaczeniu konstrukcji. Zostało to docenione w serii „Mistrzowie architektury” przez architekta i krytyka Petera Blake’a w rozdziale poświęconym Miesowi van der Rohe, zatytułowanym Mistrzostwo konstrukcji. W niniejszym artykule chcielibyśmy przeanalizować ewolucję wizerunku konstrukcji w domach Miesa van der Rohe od jego pierwszego miejsca zamieszkania, Domu Riehla, zbudowanego w Berlinie w 1907 r., aż do ostatniego domu, Morrisa Greenwalda, zbudowanego w Weston w 1953 r. Zobaczymy, w jaki sposób konstrukcja uległa radykalnej transformacji w tym okresie, przechodząc od najgłębszej ukrytej sfery architektury do sfery zewnętrznej, i jak w tym procesie udało się niemieckiemu mistrzowi przekroczyć ideę konstrukcji i jej nośności w celu przekształcenia w główny element artystyczny jego architektury.
Źródło:
Architectus; 2019, 2 (58); 15-26
1429-7507
2084-5227
Pojawia się w:
Architectus
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
I-dom. Technologia inteligentnego domu
I-house. The Technology of an Intelligent House
Autorzy:
Biskup, K.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/345460.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011
Wydawca:
Politechnika Krakowska im. Tadeusza Kościuszki. Wydział Architektury. Katedra Kształtowania Środowiska Mieszkaniowego
Tematy:
dom
budynek
inteligentny dom
i-dom
architektura
dom bez barier
dom ekologiczny
dom ekonomiczny
dom elastyczny
house
building
intelligent house
i-house
architecture
house without barriers
ecological house
economical house
energy-saving house
elastic house
Źródło:
Środowisko Mieszkaniowe; 2011, 9; 28-32
1731-2442
2543-8700
Pojawia się w:
Środowisko Mieszkaniowe
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Monarchs’ Names and Numbering in the Second Bulgarian State
Autorzy:
Mladjov, Ian
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/682256.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
Tematy:
Bulgaria
Byzantium
Serbia
personal names
monarchs
house of Asen
house of Terter
house of Šišman
house of Sracimir
Opis:
The article explores the onomastic practices of medieval Bulgarians, focusing on the Second Bulgarian State, from the late 12th to the early 15th century. The collected evidence suggests that soon after their conversion to Christianity, Bulgarians abandoned the attested pre-Christian clan names. Yet, despite the undeniable strength of Byzantine cultural influence, neither aristocrats nor commoners in Bulgaria seem to have adopted Byzantine-type family names, nor, for that matter, making recourse to the use of patronymics as found among the Eastern and other Southern Slavs. Thus, for example, the name Asen became a true family name only among members of the royal family living in Byzantium. More generally, the few cases of family names or patronymics apparently applied to medieval Bulgarians, seem to be restricted to a foreign context. While family names and patronymics do not seem to have been employed in Christian Medieval Bulgaria, many individuals (at least where males are concerned) appear to have sported double names, composed almost invariably of a baptismal Christian name paired with a folk name usually derived from Slavic or even Bulgar tradition. This practice included Bulgaria’s monarchs, most of whom had such double names that should not be misinterpreted as family names or patronyms, as often done in the past. Specific names did, however, function as indicators for belonging within a particular lineage, as witnessed by the propagation of names like Asen, Terter, Šišman, and Sracimir. Thus, while these cannot be considered true family names, we could continue to use them as expedients to designate the ruling clans of Medieval Bulgaria (e.g., the House of Terter), albeit recognizing this to be a modern label. These considerations not only elucidate another aspect of cultural practice in Medieval Bulgaria, but also allow and necessitate a relatively inobtrusive emendation and systematization of the historiographical nomenclature of Medieval Bulgarian monarchs. Discarding the notion of family names and recognizing foreign patronymics for what they are, it becomes possible to recover the actual results of dynastic name selection, as well as the rationale behind them.
Źródło:
Studia Ceranea; 2015, 5; 267-310
2084-140X
2449-8378
Pojawia się w:
Studia Ceranea
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Problem mieszkaniowy i higiena w Prusach 1806–1871
THE PROBLEM OF HOUSING AND HYGIENE IN PRUSSIA 1806–1871
Autorzy:
Łukasiewicz, Dariusz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/418898.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012
Wydawca:
Akademia Marynarki Wojennej. Wydział Nauk Humanistycznych i Społecznych
Tematy:
RENT
HOUSE
HYGIENE
TENEMENT HOUSE
BATHROOM
FLAT
VILLA
Opis:
The topic of the history of everyday life in Prussia is something new in the Polish historical writing. This field of studies is also connected with the history of housing and health related matters. There was a constant progress in the changes of housing conditions in Prussia in the 19th century; nevertheless it covered different social groups in uneven degree. The population grew faster than the number of flats, therefore their prices rose as well. As regards the prices of flats, they were inadequate to earnings, thus house-building was unprofitable. Bourgeois apartment became the most important form of dwelling because it determined contemporary universal mandatory and beyond classes model of housing. In contrast, peasant houses for quite a while fell behind in terms of standards and equipment. Gradually, over time formerly extremely expensive furniture began to be produced on a mass scale n more mass manner; consequently the middle class could afford them. Moreover, the living space was became more defined with the presence of living room, office, library, boudoirs, bedroom and children’s room became more common. Along with specification of the living space the language changed as well. Formerly, the general term chamber (Stube) was replaced by more precise term room (Zimmer); for instance a nursery room, an office, a bedroom or a living room. The introduction of corridors provided the previously absent privacy. Former common space was finally individualised. The individualisation of formerly common space succeeded. An average craftsman’s home equipment was limited to a bed, a table, a chest of drawers and a closet or chest which was a substitute for a closet. Usually, however, the master of craftsman century had his own house in the first half of 19th, while the rest of society rented flats in tenement houses. The labourers’ flats were overcrowded due to the fact that not only the rooms within them were subleased for profit but also the presence of a brother, a sister or grandparents was nothing out of the ordinary. Additionally, the large number of children within those households were expected to work, to support the family. They were treated as a cheap labour, for example in the textile industry. On the contrary, townspeople treated children as an investment, not the source of income. Housing problem (Wohnungsfrage) was the part of a social problem (Sozialfrage), and for the those days public opinion it was the cause of moral and spiritual crises of lower classes. The housing situation of the lower classes remained bad throughout the 19th century. The conservative, Gustaw Schmoller, exhorted more well-offs to wake up and realise the size of the threat of social revolution caused by bringing the lower classes to barbarians and wild animals in terms of living conditions. His solution, which was yet to come, aimed at counteraction to threat of communism. Houses for labourers built by entrepreneurs, for example in the Saarland, Upper Silesia or the Ruhr region were the new form of solving the housing problem since the mid-20th century. Those houses were supposed to link workers with their workplace and weaken their inclination for the political revolt. Loss of a job meant that the very same day a worker was supposed to leave his place of living. It is worth to mention, that those flats had much higher standards than previously described flats rented in tenement houses. The hygiene of a family in the 19th century was much lower than nowadays. The term hygiene itself appeared at the beginning of this century in German language only. Accordingly, in this respect, throughout the 19th century significant changes appeared. Accordingly, in this respect the 19th century witnessed many changes.
Źródło:
Colloquium; 2012, 4, 2; 41-64
2081-3813
2658-0365
Pojawia się w:
Colloquium
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Мифологические персонажи культурного пространства в севернорусском и норвежском фольклоре (типологические аспекты)
Mythological Characters of the Cultural Space in the Folklore of the Russian North and Norway [Typological Aspects]
Autorzy:
Дранникова, Наталья
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/635495.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
Tematy:
Russia
Norway
folklore
stories
house spirit
house
typological analysis
Opis:
Mythological characters of the cultural space in the folklore of the Russian North and Norway (typological aspects)is a comparative analysis of spirits of house that exist in the cultures  of  both  countries.  For  comparison,  we  examined  different  names,  habitat, status  and functions of spirits at home. For the first time inthe scientific revolution a lot of original folk material is introduced. 
Źródło:
Poznańskie Studia Slawistyczne; 2012, 3
2084-3011
Pojawia się w:
Poznańskie Studia Slawistyczne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
A Toruń Publishing House Two Decades Later
Autorzy:
Kosman, Marceli
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2023705.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012-12-31
Wydawca:
Wydawnictwo Adam Marszałek
Tematy:
Toruń
publishing house
Opis:
The 18th day of June 2010 marked the twentieth anniversary of the Wydawnictwo Adam Marszałek (WAM) publishing house. It was celebrated with a concert, entitled 20 years have passed, attended by numerous eminent guests from the world of politics, academia and culture who filled the theater to the brim. In the foyer they could see an exhibition of photographs illustrating the rich history of the publishing house. I use the term ‘publishing house’ as the company fully deserves this name, which is associated with the noblest traditions of Polish editorial work. Owing to Adam Marszałek, Toruń has grown to assume the leading position in this respect, leaving in its wake both companies of long standing tradition as well as those that have emerged over the last two decades, only a handful of which have survived till the present day.
Źródło:
Polish Political Science Yearbook; 2012, 41; 486-497
0208-7375
Pojawia się w:
Polish Political Science Yearbook
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Dom dE
4E House
Autorzy:
Seruga, W.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/345619.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011
Wydawca:
Politechnika Krakowska im. Tadeusza Kościuszki. Wydział Architektury. Katedra Kształtowania Środowiska Mieszkaniowego
Tematy:
jednorodzinna architektura mieszkaniowa
dom
dom w krajobrazie
dom ekologiczny
dom energooszczędny
dom ekonomiczny
dom elastyczny
forma architektoniczna
single-family housing architecture
house
house in a landscape
ecological house
energy-saving house
economical house
elastic house
architectonic form
Źródło:
Środowisko Mieszkaniowe; 2011, 9; 82-127
1731-2442
2543-8700
Pojawia się w:
Środowisko Mieszkaniowe
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Zjawisko flippingu na polskim rynku mieszkaniowym
Flipping on the Polish housing market
Autorzy:
Czerniak, Adam
Milewska-Wilk, Hanna
Bojęć, Tomasz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2197276.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Kancelaria Sejmu. Biuro Analiz Sejmowych
Tematy:
house flipping
housing market in Poland
house prices
macroeconomic stability
Opis:
In this article the authors analyse the rise of house flipping in Poland in recent years. Firstly, drawing on the findings from desk research and qualitative inquiries, they describe how state-of-the-art flipping transactions are performed and financed. Secondly, with the use of a large microdata panel of housing transactions from eight major cities over the 2006–2020 period, the size and the main characteristics of house flipping in Poland are analysed. According to the findings, the share of flips in housing transactions gradually increased between 2016 and 2020, reaching on average 5.9% and – in some smaller cities with a shallow primary market – even double-digit shares. This is an alarming result, as such high flippers’ activity characteries periods of housing booms and may signal an overvaluation of prices.
Źródło:
Studia BAS; 2021, 2(66); 195-213
2080-2404
2082-0658
Pojawia się w:
Studia BAS
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Praca terapeutyczna z wychowanką i jej rodziną w warunkach zakładu poprawczego
Autorzy:
Jakubowicz, Edward L.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2141437.pdf
Data publikacji:
2010
Wydawca:
Instytut Studiów Międzynarodowych i Edukacji Humanum
Tematy:
prevention house
preventory house
correction house
social maladjustion of youth
resocialisation
resocialization
youth therapy
systemic family therapy in the condition of a prevention house
Opis:
Socially maladjusted youth poses a threat both to themselves and to society. A preventory measure that is often employed is placing such youth in social re-adaptation institutions such as youth sociotherapy centre, a foster-care centre or a prevention house. The assumption of resocialization work with this kind of youth is sociotherapy, group therapy or individual therapy. Bearing in mind that demoralised youth most often comes from disfunctional or pathological family, one should at the same time undertake systematic work with the family of the ward. My article presents only a general overwiev of my therapeutic programme which is used in the Shelter and Preventory House in Falenica.
Źródło:
Humanum. Międzynarodowe Studia Społeczno-Humanistyczne; 2010, 2(5); 441-444
1898-8431
Pojawia się w:
Humanum. Międzynarodowe Studia Społeczno-Humanistyczne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Brytyjska Izba Lordów na przełomie XIX i XX wieku. Ewolucja pozycji w systemie politycznym
The British House of Lords at the Turn of the 20th Century. Evolution of its Position in the Political System
Autorzy:
Jaeschke, Andrzej
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1365722.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021-05-15
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Pedagogiczny im. Komisji Edukacji Narodowej w Krakowie
Tematy:
political system
British Parliament
House of Lords
House of Commons
cooperation
rivalry
Opis:
The paper concerns the evolution of the political position of the House of Lords until the end of the 19th century. The author presents the time of stabilisation of the relations of the two parliamentary chambers and identifies its causes. He also discusses the increasing disruption of relations between the two chambers of the British Parliament following from electoral reforms and, consequently, the decomposition of the hitherto unified conservative political environment and the emergence of liberal forces. This resulted in increasingly strong ideological and political rivalry between the conservative House of Lords and the largely liberal House of Commons.
Źródło:
Annales Universitatis Paedagogicae Cracoviensis. Studia Politologica; 2020, 24, 324; 125-141
2081-3333
Pojawia się w:
Annales Universitatis Paedagogicae Cracoviensis. Studia Politologica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Endotoxin concentration in modern animal houses in Southern Bavaria
Autorzy:
Schierl, R
Heise, A.
Egger, U.
Schneider, F.
Eichelser, R.
Neser, S.
Nowak, D.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/50088.pdf
Data publikacji:
2007
Wydawca:
Instytut Medycyny Wsi
Tematy:
pig
animal house
Bavaria
endotoxin concentration
cattle
modern house
poultry
dust
endotoxin
Opis:
Agricultural work, particularly livestock farming, is considered to be a notable risk factor for occupational diseases. Endotoxin as a major component of organic dust causes adverse health effects of the airways among farmers. Endotoxin concentrations in airborne and settled dust were measured in modern, naturally ventilated animal houses for different species. Median values of airborne inhalable endotoxin ranged from 16.9 EU/m3 for dairy cattle, 557.9 EU/m3 for beef cattle, 668.7 EU/m3 for pigs, 463.2 EU/m3 for laying hens, to 1,902 EU/m3 for turkeys. The endotoxin levels in settled dust followed the same pattern as the airborne samples. The concentrations were lower than in previous studies, but the proposed Dutch endotoxin threshold (50 EU/m3) was exceeded in most cases. Thus, endotoxin levels in modern animal houses still give concern for health and further reduction of endotoxin exposure in animal houses is desirable.
Źródło:
Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine; 2007, 14, 1
1232-1966
Pojawia się w:
Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Nea Paphos. Seasons 2014 and 2016. Appendix 1: Glass from the HH courtyard 1. Appendix 2: Note on the pottery from circular basin S.1/16
Autorzy:
Meyza, Henryk
Romaniuk, Marcin M.
Więch, Monika
Mazanek-Somerlik, Dorota
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1683605.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018-07-09
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydawnictwa Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego
Tematy:
Nea Paphos
“Hellenistic” House
early Roman basins
Hellenistic structures under “Hellenistic” House
Opis:
Excavation below the ancient ground surface of the main courtyard (1) of the “Hellenistic” House in Nea Paphos proved its construction to be later than the beginning of the 2nd century AD. A large rectangular basin and a smaller circular one were found under the western part of the courtyard and east of it. The larger basin had two phases, the first phase being more than a meter deeper than the second one. Strata under the floors of corridor A and room B were shown to belong to the Late Classical and incipient Hellenistic periods. Exploration also continued of a cistern in the southeastern part of the courtyard and of a well in the northeastern corner of the corridor. The building sequence of the porticoes in the main courtyard was investigated in a probe dug in the southwestern corner of the court, whereas the relation between the large reception hall with mosaic floor (10) and the so-called Roman House was tested in a trench dug in corridor 29. Further fragments of “Nabatean” capitals and other decorated blocks were found in pits that had been cut in the courtyard surface in antiquity. Finally, minor excavation at the southwestern corner of the House of Aion revealed a sequence of floors against the southern elevation of a building uncovered under the late Roman street B.
Źródło:
Polish Archaeology in the Mediterranean; 2017, 26(1); 399-428
1234-5415
Pojawia się w:
Polish Archaeology in the Mediterranean
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Application of architectural solutions in thermal modernization of existing buildings on rural areas
Zastosowanie rozwiązań architektonicznych przy termomodernizacji istniejącej zabudowy na terenach wiejskich
Autorzy:
Gorecka, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/887077.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012
Wydawca:
Szkoła Główna Gospodarstwa Wiejskiego w Warszawie. Wydawnictwo Szkoły Głównej Gospodarstwa Wiejskiego w Warszawie
Tematy:
architecture
application
thermal modernization
building
rural area
country dwelling house
dwelling house
Źródło:
Scientific Review Engineering and Environmental Sciences; 2012, 21, 2[56]
1732-9353
Pojawia się w:
Scientific Review Engineering and Environmental Sciences
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The Study of the Proscenium Area in an Opera House
Autorzy:
Sygulska, A.
Brawata, K.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/177383.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
proscenium
acoustic screen
opera house
Opis:
The paper describes issues of the proscenium area shown on the example of two opera houses. The subject of the analysis was the design of the Chamber Opera House in Kalisz and the already existing building of the Opera House in Krakow. It covers the influence of the proscenium walls and forestage ceiling on the acoustic conditions in the auditorium. Another subject of the investigation was the influence of the primary proscenium, designed in the very first opera houses in Baroque. The analyses were carried out by means of two computer softwares: Ray Model and Catt Acoustic, and such parameters as sound strength (G), reverberation time (RT), early decay time (EDT), C80 (clarity) index and center time (TS) were calculated. The parameters were further analyzed in the auditorium for three positions of the sound source on the stage.
Źródło:
Archives of Acoustics; 2017, 42, 3; 515-526
0137-5075
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Acoustics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Two significant experiences related to radon in a high risk area in Spain
Autorzy:
Sainz, C.
Gutierrez-Villanueva, J. -L.
Fuente, I.
Quindos, L.
Soto, J.
Arteche, J. -L.
Quindos Poncela, L. S.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/148910.pdf
Data publikacji:
2010
Wydawca:
Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
Tematy:
radon
workplace
mitigation
pilot house
Opis:
Radon is a natural radioactive gas and it is currently accepted as being responsible for lung cancer in some cases. One of the most important sources of indoor radon is from the soil. The radium content of soil is also a very important factor to be taken into account. The natural radiation map of Spain (MARNA) classifies the country into three regions with different levels of natural gamma radiation. There are some areas in Spain with high levels of natural radiation one of those is the province of Salamanca. Western part of this province presents a population of 20 000 inhabitants and 7% of the houses have an indoor radon concentration above 400 Bqźm–3. In this high risk area, the village of Villar de la Yegua is of special interest: 11% of the houses in this village have an indoor radon level below 400 Bqźm–3, 89 per cent have above 400 Bqźm–3 and 71 per cent of the houses have a radon concentration above 1000 Bqźm–3. An old uranium mine site close to this village has been selected for the construction of an experimental pilot house. It is a two story house located in the place with a very high 226Ra concentration in soil. Radon in soil at 1 m depth has an average level of 250 kBqźm–3. We present in this work the characteristics of the experimental unit located in this high risk area and we describe the zone where one of the Spanish villages with the highest radon concentration is located. This is a very interesting place for further research on indoor radon concentration and it is a unique opportunity of testing radon monitors, radon passive detectors and remedial actions for the mitigation of radon in real conditions. It is common to carry out intercomparison exercises under laboratory conditions. Nonetheless, it is not so common to develop these exercises in real conditions as we have in the experimental unit we present here. We offer in this work the possibility for other research groups of testing their equipments in this unit and we also show the evolution of the works carried out in the locality of Villar de la Yegua.
Źródło:
Nukleonika; 2010, 55, 4; 513-518
0029-5922
1508-5791
Pojawia się w:
Nukleonika
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł

Ta witryna wykorzystuje pliki cookies do przechowywania informacji na Twoim komputerze. Pliki cookies stosujemy w celu świadczenia usług na najwyższym poziomie, w tym w sposób dostosowany do indywidualnych potrzeb. Korzystanie z witryny bez zmiany ustawień dotyczących cookies oznacza, że będą one zamieszczane w Twoim komputerze. W każdym momencie możesz dokonać zmiany ustawień dotyczących cookies