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Wyświetlanie 1-15 z 43
Tytuł:
Correlation between growth mechanisms and the influence of process control parameters on physical properties of titanium dioxide nanotubes in electrochemical anodisation
Autorzy:
Kioko, S.
Khanna, K. M.
Österlund, L.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1193444.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Przedsiębiorstwo Wydawnictw Naukowych Darwin / Scientific Publishing House DARWIN
Tematy:
Anodization
High field
Nanotubes
Titanium dioxide
Tunneling
Opis:
The growth of thin oxide films has been covered by several theories and models. The high electrical field model, Fowler-Nordheim tunneling in Metal Oxide films and Schottyky barrier Mechanisms are models which explain metal oxide formation. The growth mechanisms and process control parameters during thin film growth in electrochemical anodization play a key role in the growth process. This work explores how the growth mechanisms correlate with process control parameters to influence the growth process in electrochemical anodization of titanium dioxide nanotubes (TNTs). The theories on growth mechanism have been explained in detail. On the experimental part, TiO2 nanotubes were synthesized for photocatalytic activity using electrochemical anodization in a third generation electrolyte. The electrolyte comprised of a mixture of ethylene glycol and ammonium fluoride in little amount of water. Anodizing time and electrode separation distance were explored as process control parameters. The TNTs were analysed using SEM, XRD, Profilometer and UV-Visible spectrophotometer. Short electrode separation distance recorded fast growth, non-uniformity in TNTS, disorganisation, distortion and etching of TNTs. The TNT length, inner and outer diameters reduced with increasing electrode separation distance due to reduction of electric field, increased bulk resistance. There was no significant increase in TNT dimensions at electrode separation distance of 4.5 cm which also recorded the smallest grain size for the TNTs highest degree of crystallinity for with absorption maxima at 550 nm. TNT length, inner and outer diameters and crystallinity increased with anodising time.
Źródło:
World Scientific News; 2021, 157; 80-104
2392-2192
Pojawia się w:
World Scientific News
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Higher - order field - dependent terms in spin Hamiltonians for transition ions : implications for high - magnetic field and high - frequency EMR measurements
Autorzy:
Rudowicz, Cz.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/148384.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
Tematy:
electron magnetic resonance (EMR)
high-magnetic field and high-frequency EMR (HMF-EMR)
generalized spin Hamiltonians (GSH)
higher-order field-dependent (HOFD) terms
zero-field splitting (ZFS) terms
transition ions in crystals
Opis:
An overview of theoretical background of the higher-order field-dependent (HOFD) terms in the generalized spin Hamiltonians for transition ions and current status of experimental studies of the HOFD terms is provided in the nutshell. The terms nonlinear in the magnetic field (B) of the type: B2S2, B3S, B5S or B2I2, B3I, B5I, where S and I is the electronic and nuclear spin, respectively, are of particular importance as compared with the usual linear Zeeman term B.g.S. This is due to the high B values, up to 100 T (pulsed fields), achievable at present in the high-magnetic field and/ or high-frequency electron magnetic resonance (HMF-EMR) measurements of magnetic and spectroscopic properties. A blueprint for future theoretical and experimental studies of the HOFD terms is proposed taking into account their implications for HMF-EMR measurements
Źródło:
Nukleonika; 2013, 58, 3; 341-345
0029-5922
1508-5791
Pojawia się w:
Nukleonika
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The Structural Relaxation and its Influence on High Field Magnetization Processes
Relaksacja strukturalna i jej wpływ na procesy magnesowania w silnych polach magnetycznych
Autorzy:
Pietrusiewicz, P.
Nabiałek, M.
Szota, M.
Dośpiał, M.
Błoch, K
Bukowska, A.
Gruszka, K.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/350953.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
high magnetic field
metallic glasses
magnetization
structural defects
relaxation
silne pole magnetyczne
szkło metaliczne
magnesowanie
defekty strukturalne
relaksacja
Opis:
In this paper the results of the structural and magnetic investigation of Fe61Co10Y8Zr1B20 alloy after solidification and isothermal annealing was presented. The isothermical annealing was carried out at 700 K for 1 h and 770 K for 3.5 h. For the structural investigation was performed by X-ray diffractometer equipped with a copper lamp. The results of (XRD) measurements showed the material in the state after the solidification and heat treatment is amorphous. Static hysteresis loops and initial magnetization curve was measured using vibrating magnetometer (VSM). The quality and quantity of structural defects in the sample after heat treatment was determined by indirect method using analyze the initial magnetization curve in accordance with the theory of Kronmüllera. These studies have shown that the annealing process has big influence to change significantly quantity of defects in amorphous structure as a result, there are changes of magnetic parameters such as saturation magnetization and field μ0Ms coercivity Hc.
W pracy przedstawiono wyniki badań strukturalnych i magnetycznych stopu Fe61Co10Y8Zr1B20 w stanie po zestaleniu oraz po izotermicznym wygrzewaniu w temperaturze 700 K przez 1h i 770 K przez 3,5 h. Badania struktury wykonano przy użyciu dyfraktometru rentgenowskiego wyposażonego w lampę miedzianą. Wynik pomiarów (XRD) wykazał, że material w stanie po zestaleniu i obróbce termicznej jest amorficzny. Statyczne pętle histerezy i krzywą pierwotnego namagnesowania zmierzono za pomocą magnetometru wibracyjnego (VSM). Analizując krzywą pierwotnego namagnesowania i wykorzystując pośrednią metodę wyznaczania defektów strukturalnych zgodnie z teorią H. Kronmüllera wyznaczono jakość i ilość tych defektów w próbce w stanie po zestaleniu i po izotermicznym wygrzewaniu. Badania te wykazały że proces wygrzewania istotnie wypływa na zmiany zdefektowania struktury amorficznej w wyniku czego zachodzą zmiany parametrów magnetycznych takich jak magnetyzacja nasycenia μ0Ms i pole koercji Hc.
Źródło:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials; 2014, 59, 2; 659-662
1733-3490
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
ARIES 2018 : infrastructure, innovation, outreach
Autorzy:
Romaniuk, Ryszard S.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/226770.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
particle accelerators
accelerator science and technology
novel accelerators
high field magnets
superconducting magnets
RF particle guns
particle detectors
high energy physics
applications of particle accelerators
laser and plasma accelerators
community and social implications of ARIES
EC Integrating Introduction
Opis:
This article has two outreach aims. It concisely summarizes the main research and technical efforts in the EC H2020 ARIES Integrating Activity – Accelerator Research and Innovation for European Science and Society [1] during the period 2017/2018. ARIES is a continuation of CARE, TIARA and EuCARD projects [2-3]. The article also tries to show these results as an encouragement for local physics and engineering, research and technical communities to participate actively in such important European projects. According to the author’s opinion this participation may be much bigger [4-27]. All the needed components to participate – human, material and infrastructural are there [4,7]. So why the results are not satisfying as they should be? The major research subjects of ARIES are: new methods of particles acceleration including laser, plasma and particle beam interactions, new materials and accelerator components, building new generations of accelerators, energy efficiency and management of large accelerator systems, innovative superconducting magnets, high field and ultra-high gradient magnets, cost lowering, system miniaturization, promotion of innovation originating from accelerator research, industrial applications, and societal implications. Two institutions from Poland participate in ARIES – these are Warsaw University of Technology and Institute of Nuclear Chemistry and Technology in Warsaw. There are not present some of the key institutes active in accelerator technology in Poland. Let this article be a small contribution why Poland, a country of such big research potential, contributes so modestly to the European accelerator infrastructural projects? The article bases on public and internal documents of ARIES project, including the EU Grant Agreement and P1 report. The views presented in the paper are only by the author and not necessarily by the ARIES.
Źródło:
International Journal of Electronics and Telecommunications; 2019, 65, 1; 119-124
2300-1933
Pojawia się w:
International Journal of Electronics and Telecommunications
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Reverse reaction magnetic field in two-wire high current busduct
Autorzy:
Piatek, Z.
Kusiak, D.
Szczegielniak, T.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/97489.pdf
Data publikacji:
2010
Wydawca:
Politechnika Poznańska. Wydawnictwo Politechniki Poznańskiej
Tematy:
magnetic field
high-current busduct
elliptical field
Opis:
Work has shown how a reverse reaction magnetic field influences the whole magnetic field within the conductor and its vicinity. A description of this is presented in formulae for relative field values and parameters taking into account frequency, conductivity and diameter of the conductor. This has shown the field to be an elliptical field.
Źródło:
Computer Applications in Electrical Engineering; 2010, 8; 53-60
1508-4248
Pojawia się w:
Computer Applications in Electrical Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Magnetic field around the screened three-phase high-current busducts
Autorzy:
Szczegielniak, T.
Piątek, T.
Kusiak, D.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/97254.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Politechnika Poznańska. Wydawnictwo Politechniki Poznańskiej
Tematy:
high current busduct
magnetic field
FEMM
Opis:
This paper presents an analytical method for determining the magnetic field in the three–phase gas–insulated transmission line (i.e., high-current busduct) of circular cross–section geometry. The mathematical model takes into account the skin effect and the proximity effects, as well as the complete electromagnetic coupling between phase conductors and enclosures (i.e., screens). Apart from analytical calculation, computer simulations for high-current busduct system magnetic field were also performed with the aid of the commercial FEMM software, using two–dimensional finite elements.
Źródło:
Computer Applications in Electrical Engineering; 2016, 14; 14-24
1508-4248
Pojawia się w:
Computer Applications in Electrical Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Analysis of the power losses in the three-phase high-current busducts
Autorzy:
Szczegielniak, T.
Piątek, Z.
Kusiak, D.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/97329.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Politechnika Poznańska. Wydawnictwo Politechniki Poznańskiej
Tematy:
high-current busduct
power losses
electromagnetic field
Opis:
This paper presents an analytical method for determining the power losses in the three-phase gas-insulated transmission line (i.e., high-current busduct) of circular cross-section geometry. The mathematical model takes into account the skin effect and the proximity effects, as well as the complete electromagnetic coupling between phase conductors and enclosures (i.e., screens). Apart from analytical calculation, computer simulations for high-current busduct system power losses were also performed with the aid of the commercial FEMM software, using two-dimensional finite elements.
Źródło:
Computer Applications in Electrical Engineering; 2015, 13; 21-27
1508-4248
Pojawia się w:
Computer Applications in Electrical Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Power losses in the three-phase gas-insulated line
Autorzy:
Szczegielniak, T.
Kusiak, D.
Piątek, Z.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/376150.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Politechnika Poznańska. Wydawnictwo Politechniki Poznańskiej
Tematy:
high-current busduct
electromagnetic field
power losses
Opis:
This paper presents an analytical method for determining the power losses in the three–phase gas–insulated line (i.e., high-current busduct) of circular cross–section geometry which phase conductors are placed in vertex of a square. The mathematical model takes into account the skin effect and the proximity effects, as well as the complete electromagnetic coupling between phase conductors and enclosures (i.e., screens). The power losses produced by high-current busducts are usually calculated numerically with the use of a computer. However, the analytical calculation of the power losses is preferable, because it results in a mathematical expression for showing its dependences on various parameters of the line arrangement. Moreover, knowledge of the relations between electrodynamics and constructional parameters is necessary in the optimization construction process of the high-current busducts.
Źródło:
Poznan University of Technology Academic Journals. Electrical Engineering; 2017, 89; 89-98
1897-0737
Pojawia się w:
Poznan University of Technology Academic Journals. Electrical Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Calculations of the magnetic field of the three-phase 4-conductor line with rectangular busbars
Autorzy:
Kusiak, D.
Piątek, Z.
Szczegielniak, T.
Jabłoński, P.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1395763.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Politechnika Poznańska. Wydawnictwo Politechniki Poznańskiej
Tematy:
magnetic field
rectangular busbar
high-current busduct
Opis:
The paper presents the results of the calculations of the magnetic field for the both shielded and non-shielded 3-phase MR 250 busbar manufactured by Elektromontaż 2 in Katowice, Poland. The busbar magnetic field has been determined by the following methods: analytical method for non–shielded busbar without taking into account the skin and proximity effects, analytical–numerical method based on integral equations, two-dimensional method of finite elements with the use of the commercial FEMM software, measurement method on a test stand. The measurements were performed with the use of a special non-directional magnetic field meter. A satisfactory compliance of the calculations has been obtained.
Źródło:
Computer Applications in Electrical Engineering; 2016, 14; 25-38
1508-4248
Pojawia się w:
Computer Applications in Electrical Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Numerical simulations of blast loads from near-field ground explosions in ai
Autorzy:
Dobrociński, S.
Flis, L.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/178782.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Politechnika Wrocławska. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej
Tematy:
near-field
blast load
numerical simulation
high explosive
Opis:
Numerical simulations of air blast loading in the near-field acting on the ground have been performed. A simplified blast model based on empirical blast loading data representing spherical and hemispherical explosive shapes has been simulated. Conwep is an implementation of the empirical blast models presented by Kingery and Bulmash, which is also implemented in the commercial code LS-DYNA based on work done by Rahnders-Pehrson and Bannister. This makes it possible to simulate blast loads acting on structures representing spherical and hemispherical explosive shapes of TNT with reasonable computational effort as an alternative to the SPH and Eulerian model. The CPU time for the simplified blast model is however considerably shorter and may still be useful in time consuming concept studies. Reasonable numerical results using reasonable model sizes can be achieved not only for modelling near-field explosions in air but most areas of geotechnical. Calculation was compared with blast SPH and Eulerian model.
Źródło:
Studia Geotechnica et Mechanica; 2015, 37, 4; 11-17
0137-6365
2083-831X
Pojawia się w:
Studia Geotechnica et Mechanica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Gęstość prądu przewodów drążonych o przekroju prostokątnym
The current density of a rectangular hollow bus conductor
Autorzy:
Kolańska-Płuska, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/153333.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Stowarzyszenie Inżynierów i Techników Mechaników Polskich
Tematy:
tor wielkoprądowy
pole elektromagnetyczne
high current bus
electromagnetic field
Opis:
W pracy przedstawiono algorytm wyznaczania rozkładu gęstości prądu szynoprzewodów drążonych o przekroju prostokątnym stosowanych do zasilania wzbudnika wewnętrznego nagrzewnicy indukcyjnej do hartowania powierzchniowego wsadów rurowych. Algorytm zaimplementowano w programie komputerowym do projektowania torów wielkoprądowych. Otrzymane wyniki rozkładu gęstości prądu porównano z wynikami obliczeń metodą elementów skończonych w przestrzeni 2D w ogólnodostępnym pakiecie do modelowania pola. Wielowariantowa analiza rozkładów gęstości prądu w szynach umożliwiła wyznaczenie parametrów geometrycznych toru jak grubość czy rozstaw szyn, tak aby straty mocy w torze były najmniejsze.
This paper presents an algorithm for determining the distribution of current density of a rectangular hollow bus conductor used to supply the internal inductor of an induction heater for surface hardening of tube feedstock. The algorithm was implemented in a computer program used for calculations. The calculation results of the current density distribution were compared with those obtained by the finite element method in 2D space with a common calculation package. Multivariate analysis of the current density distribution in the bus conductors enabled determining the line geometric parameters such as the thickness or spacing of the bus conductors, so that the power losses in the line were as little as possible. A Fredholm integral equation of second kind (2) was formulated taking into account the proximity effect. The method for approximation of the integral operator in equation (2) using a combination of standard functions (10) gives rise to its exact algebraisation without repeated references to the numerical integration procedure in determining the coefficients (4). It is also important due to the minimization of the total computation time. It is proved that the matrix of integral equation (4) with elements (10) can be used to determine own and mutual impedances of rectangular bus conductors with taking into account the skin and proximity effects. For this purpose, there is realized a sequence of transformations of matrix (12) in (14) (16) (19) and (20). Finally, there is obtained equation (21) determining the total impedance of the bus conductor.
Źródło:
Pomiary Automatyka Kontrola; 2013, R. 59, nr 10, 10; 1076-1079
0032-4140
Pojawia się w:
Pomiary Automatyka Kontrola
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Effect of polarization molecules reagents of the burning reaction on the efficiency of equipment for thermogeneration
Autorzy:
Kovalyshyn, B.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/411199.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Oddział w Lublinie PAN
Tematy:
energy efficiency
burning
electric field
high voltage
activation
polarization
Opis:
The aspects of physical and chemical nature of oxidizing-reduction processes of burning were investigated. The communication of efficiency of fuel equipments with polarizing and activating of molecules-reagents was exposed. Application of molecules electro-activation for optimization of the chemical reactions at burning passed at incineration of gaseous hydrocarbon fuels in the oxidizing air environment was grounded experimentally.
Źródło:
ECONTECHMOD : An International Quarterly Journal on Economics of Technology and Modelling Processes; 2013, 2, 2; 31-35
2084-5715
Pojawia się w:
ECONTECHMOD : An International Quarterly Journal on Economics of Technology and Modelling Processes
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Influence of the screen thickness on the total magnetic field of a double-pole bifilar high-current busduct
Autorzy:
Kusiak, D.
Piątek, Z.
Szczegielniak, T.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/97205.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Politechnika Poznańska. Wydawnictwo Politechniki Poznańskiej
Tematy:
tubular screen
high-current busduct
magnetic field
tubular conductor
Opis:
In the paper shown the impact of the screen thickness on the total magnetic field of a double-pole bifilar line in the screen and its immediate vicinity. The resultant magnetic field in the high-current busduct of this type has two components of different amplitudes and initial phases. As a consequence this field is elliptical. This phenomenon has been described with the formulas relevant to the relative values of the field and the parameters allowing the frequency, conductivity, and the cross-section dimensions of screen. Into account was taken skin, internal and external proximity effects. These phenomena have a strong impact on the magnetic field in the environment of two-conductor shielded highcurrent busduct and should be taken into consideration also for the industrial frequency of phase currents.
Źródło:
Computer Applications in Electrical Engineering; 2013, 11; 73-82
1508-4248
Pojawia się w:
Computer Applications in Electrical Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Power losses in the screens of the flat single-pole high-current busduct
Autorzy:
Szczegielniak, T.
Piątek, Z.
Kusiak, D.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/97698.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Politechnika Poznańska. Wydawnictwo Politechniki Poznańskiej
Tematy:
analytical method
high-current busduct
electromagnetic field
power losses
Opis:
This paper presents an analytical method for determining the power losses in the screens of the three-phase gas-insulated transmission line (i.e., high-current busduct) of circular crosssection geometry. The mathematical model takes into account the skin effect and the proximity effects, as well as the complete electromagnetic coupling between phase conductors and enclosures (i.e., screens). The power losses produced by high-current busducts are usually calculated numerically with the use of a computer. However, the analytical calculation of the power losses is preferable, because it results in a mathematical expression for showing its dependences on various parameters of the line arrangement. Moreover, knowledge of the relations between electrodynamics and constructional parameters is necessary in the optimization construction process of the high-current busducts.
Źródło:
Computer Applications in Electrical Engineering; 2013, 11; 64-72
1508-4248
Pojawia się w:
Computer Applications in Electrical Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Research on the influence of power frequency electric field of pantograph on passengers’ health in high-speed EMU
Autorzy:
Tian, Rui
Zhang, Jia-Qi
Lu, Mai
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/24202736.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czasopisma i Monografie PAN
Tematy:
induced current density
induced electric field intensity
high-speed EMU
pantograph
power frequency electric field
Opis:
In this work we discussed the safety of the electric field environment in the No. 3 carriage where the pantograph is located. DSA380 pantograph, CRH5 EMU carriage and passengers’ models were established to study the electric field exposure of passengers at different positions. The results showed that Emax in the carriage without passengers is 1.173 x 10 6 mV/m. Then we set the passengers’ positions according to the electric field distribution in the carriage without passengers and obtained that Emax in the carriage with passengers is 3.195 x 10 6 mV/m. It can be seen that the maximum induced electric field intensity of passengers at different positions appears on the soles of shoes, the maximum value is 3.028 x 105 mV/m, the maximum induced current density occurs at the ankle, its maximum value is 3.476 x 10 -5 A/m 2. It can be concluded that the maximum induced electric field intensity of passenger’s head appears in the cerebrospinal fluid area, with a maximum value of 202.817 mV/m, and the maximum induced electric field intensity of passenger’s head at the door is larger than that in the middle of the carriage. The maximum values of the induced electric field intensity in all tissues of passengers are much smaller than the basic limits of electromagnetic exposure to the public set by the International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection (ICNIRP). This study indicated that the pantograph has little influence on the electric field environment in the carriage under working state, and will not cause any health hazard to the passengers in this working frequency electric field environment.
Źródło:
Archives of Electrical Engineering; 2023, 72, 2; 483--501
1427-4221
2300-2506
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Electrical Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
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