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Wyświetlanie 1-15 z 87
Tytuł:
“The 5G files” – the movement to combat the introduction of fifth generation telephony – radicalization around one issue or element
Autorzy:
Witkowski, Przemysław
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/chapters/11207473.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023-06-28
Wydawca:
Collegium Civitas
Tematy:
COVID-19
Plandemia
5G
Anti-Enlightenment
Conspiracy Theories
Opis:
The Enlightenment and its values, such as naturalism, rationalism, humanistic and cognitive optimism, faith in progress, criticism, empiricism, sensualism and utilitarianism, are coming under increasing fire from social and political movements. One strand of this attack is anti-science protest movements, for example against vaccination and fifth-generation telephony. This text is an attempt to consider whether anti-5G activity can be considered a politically radicalized movement, and if so, whether it is focused solely on one issue or part of a larger wave. The article shows the roots and content of conspiracy theories related to the fight against 5G, as well as the structure, goals, and activities of the Polish part of this movement.
Źródło:
The Virus of Radicalization; 123-158
9788366386334
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
5G New Business Opportunities – New Business Models, Pricing, and Use Cases
Autorzy:
McCarthy-Ward, Peter
Valdar, Andy
Newstead, Stuart
Revell, Stuart
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1839464.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Instytut Łączności - Państwowy Instytut Badawczy
Tematy:
5G services
business challenges
infrastructure
Opis:
This paper addresses how network operators may gain a reasonable return on their investment into 5G infrastructure. It first considers the 5G mobile network costs structure then applies this to three typical use cases.
Źródło:
Journal of Telecommunications and Information Technology; 2021, 2; 79-84
1509-4553
1899-8852
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Telecommunications and Information Technology
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
5G technologies in intelligent transport systems - architectures, virtualization and network slicing
Autorzy:
Gajewski, S.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/393393.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Polskie Stowarzyszenie Telematyki Transportu
Tematy:
5G
network slicing
ITS
5G architecture
krojenie sieci
architektura 5G
Opis:
In the paper, 5G communication technologies implemented for Intelligent Transport Systems are discussed. Firstly, the essence of the 5G system concept is presented, and the problem of network functions virtualization (NFV) is analyzed. Moreover, the principle of virtualization is explained. Secondly, the analysis of network slicing is performed, from the point of view of transport systems implementation in the future 5G networks. The important part is the analysis of architecture proposals for the 5G communications system, implemented as ITS, for various scenarios of its work. The aim of this paper is the study on practice architecture of the 5G communication network for the ITS system, introduced as physical radio-informatics system implementation.
Źródło:
Archives of Transport System Telematics; 2019, 12, 1; 9-16
1899-8208
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Transport System Telematics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
A CPW-fed Sigma-shaped MIMO Antenna for Ka Band and 5G Communication Applications
Autorzy:
Madhav, B. T. P.
Devi, G. J.
Lakshman, P.
Anilkumar, T.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/309564.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Instytut Łączności - Państwowy Instytut Badawczy
Tematy:
5G
coplanar waveguide
Ka band
MIMO
satellite downlink
Opis:
This article presents a MIMO compact antenna measuring 45×45×1.6 mm, on the FR4 substrate, proposed for Ka band and 5G communication applications. The proposed design is suitable to overcome the issues connected with massive MIMO. It has four-sigma-shaped radiating elements and a c-shaped ground plane with coplanar waveguide feeding. Its compact dimensions suit it for most existing communications systems. The aerial operates in the 21–30 GHz range, which covers Ka and 5G communication bands. The proposed antenna exhibits the average efficiency of more than 76% within its operating band and gives a minimum signal to noise plus interference ratio. The presented antenna covers several services, such as Ka band satellite downlink applications and future 5G communication applications.
Źródło:
Journal of Telecommunications and Information Technology; 2018, 4; 97-106
1509-4553
1899-8852
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Telecommunications and Information Technology
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
A New Diminutive Wide-band MIMO Antenna with Frequency Agile Features for 4G and 5G Diverse Wireless Applications
Autorzy:
Mudda, Shivleela
K M, Gayathri
Mallikarjun, M
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/27311969.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czasopisma i Monografie PAN
Tematy:
Diversity gain (DG)
Defective ground structure (DGS)
Fractional bandwidth (FBW)
ITU (International Telecommunication Union)
INSAT
Frequency Reconfigurable antenna (FRA)
Multiple input multiple output (MIMO)
mutual coupling
isolation
5G
Envelope correlation coefficient (ECC)
Opis:
This paper demonstrates a low-profile, wide-band, two-element, frequency-reconfigurable MIMO antenna that is suitable for diverse wireless applications of 4G and 5G such as WLAN/Bluetooth (2.4–2.5 GHz), WLAN (2.4–2.484 GHz, 5.15– 5.35 GHz, and 5.725–5.825 GHz), WiMAX (3.3–3.69 GHz and 5.25–5.85 GHz), Sub6GHz band proposed for 5G (3.4–3.6 GHz, 3.6-3.8GHz and 4.4–4.99 GHz), INSAT and satellite X-band(6 to 9.6 GHz). Proposed MIMO favour effortless switching between multiple bands ranging from 2.2 to 9.4 GHz without causing any interference. Both antenna elements in a MIMO array are made up of a single module comprised of a slot-loaded patch and a defective structured ground. Two PIN diodes are placed in the preset position of the ground defect to achieve frequencyreconfigurable qualities. The suggested MIMO antenna has a size of 62 ×25 ×1.5 mm3. Previous reconfigurable MIMO designs improved isolation using a meander line resonator, faulty ground structures, or self-isolation approaches. To attain the isolation requirements of modern devices, stub approach is introduced in proposed design. Without use of stub, simulated isolation is 15dB. The addition of a stub improved isolation even more. At six resonances, measured isolation is greater than 18 dB, the computed correlation coefficient is below 0.0065, and diversity gain is over 9.8 dB.
Źródło:
International Journal of Electronics and Telecommunications; 2023, 69, 3; 439--448
2300-1933
Pojawia się w:
International Journal of Electronics and Telecommunications
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
A Study on Packet Scheduling Algorithms for Healthcare Contents over Fifth Generation (5G) Mobile Cellular Network
Autorzy:
Ramli, Huda Adibah Mohd
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1844466.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
packet scheduling
5G
flexible frame structure
transmission reliability
scalable TTI
Opis:
This paper models the downlink Fifth Generation (5G) network that supports a flexible frame structure and a shorter Round-Trip Time (RTT) for Hybrid Automatic Repeat Request (HARQ). Moreover, the design of the renowned Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA) packet scheduling algorithms is revised to allow these algorithms to support packet scheduling in the downlink 5G. Simulation results demonstrate that the Proportional Fair provides a comparable performance to the delay–aware Maximum-Largest Weighted Delay First for simultaneously providing the desired transmission reliability of the Guaranteed Bit Rate (GBR) and Non-Guaranteed Bit Rate (Non - GBR) healthcare contents whilst maximizing the downlink 5G performance.
Źródło:
International Journal of Electronics and Telecommunications; 2020, 66, 4; 729-735
2300-1933
Pojawia się w:
International Journal of Electronics and Telecommunications
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
An Investigation of the MIMO Space Time Block Code Based Selective Decode and Forward Relaying Network over η–µ Fading Channel Conditions
Autorzy:
Shankar, Ravi
Raman, V. V. Raghava
Rane, Kantilal Pitamber
Sarojini, B. K.
Neware, Rahul
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2058506.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Instytut Łączności - Państwowy Instytut Badawczy
Tematy:
5G
MIMO
MRC
non-homogeneous fading channel
PEP
S-DF
SNR
Opis:
In this paper, we examine the end-to-end average pairwise error probability (PEP) and output probability (OP) performance of the maximum ratio combining (MRC) based selective decode and forward (S-DF) system over an η–µ scattering environment considering additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN). The probability distribution function (PDF) and cumulative distribution function (CDF) expressions have been derived for the received signal-to-noise (SNR) ratio and the moment generating function (MGF) technique is used to derive the novel closed-form (CF) average PEP and OP expressions. The analytical results have been further simplified and are presented in terms of the Lauricella function for coherent complex modulation schemes. The asymptotic PEP expressions are also derived in terms of the Lauricella function, and a convex optimization (CO) framework has been developed for obtaining optimal power allocation (OPA) factors. Through simulations, it is also proven that, depending on the number of multi-path clusters and the modulation scheme used, the optimized power allocation system was essentially independent of the power relation scattered waves from the source node (SN) to the destination node (DN). The graphs show that asymptotic and accurate formulations are closely matched for moderate and high SNR regimes. PEP performance significantly improves with an increase in the value of η for a fixed value of µ. The analytical and simulation curves are in close agreement for medium-to-high SNR values.
Źródło:
Journal of Telecommunications and Information Technology; 2022, 1; 79--92
1509-4553
1899-8852
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Telecommunications and Information Technology
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
An Overview of Mobility Management Mechanisms and the Related Challenges in 5G Networks and Beyond
Autorzy:
Alkalsh, Mustafa Mohammed Hasan
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/24200735.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023
Wydawca:
Instytut Łączności - Państwowy Instytut Badawczy
Tematy:
B5G
beam switching
handover
HetNet
mobility management
Opis:
Ensuring a seamless connection with various types of mobile user equipment (UE) items is one of the more significant challenges facing different generations of wireless systems. However, enabling the high-band spectrum – such as the millimeter wave (mmWave) band – is also one of the important factors of 5G networks, as it enables them to deal with increasing demand and ensures high coverage. Therefore, the deployment of new (small) cells with a short range and operating within the mmWave band is required in order to assist the macro cells which are responsible for operating long-range radio connections. The deployment of small cells results in a new network structure, known as heterogeneous networks (HetNets). As a result, the number of passthrough cells using the handover (HO) process will be dramatically increased. Mobility management (MM) in such a massive network will become crucial, especially when it comes to mobile users traveling at very high speeds. Current MM solutions will be ineffective, as they will not be able to provide the required reliability, flexibility, and scalability.Thus, smart algorithms and techniques are required in future networks. Also, machine learning (ML) techniques are perfectly capable of supporting the latest 5G technologies that are expected to deliver high data rates to upcoming use cases and services, such as massive machine type communications (mMTC), enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB), and ultra-reliable low latency communications (uRLLC). This paper aims to review the MM approaches used in 5G HetNets and describes the deployment of AI mechanisms and techniques in ″connected mode″ MM schemes. Furthermore, this paper addresses the related challenges and suggests potential solutions for 5G networks and beyond.
Źródło:
Journal of Telecommunications and Information Technology; 2023, 2; 53--62
1509-4553
1899-8852
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Telecommunications and Information Technology
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Analysis of C-shape Slotted MSPA for 5G Sub Band Applications on Three Different Substrates
Autorzy:
Nagaraju, P
Sachina, D.H
Khan, Imran
Kumaraswamy, H.V
Sudhindra, K. R.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2200694.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
C-shape
RT Duroid
Taconic (TLC)
FR4
5G
Opis:
A comparative analysis of a compact planar Square patch Microstrip Multiband antenna on three different substrates is proposed. The proposed design has a C-shaped slot etched on the square radiating part and the antenna is energized using microstrip feed line. RT Duroid (ε r= 2.2), Taconic (ε r= 3.2) and FR4 (ε r= 4.4) substrates are used for simulation analysis. The flow of current is modified by the C-shaped slot making the antenna to resonate at 3/4 and 6 bands for RT Duroid/Taconic and FR4 substrates respectively suitable for 5G sub GHz applications. The antenna has a compact dimension of 32 × 32 × 1.6 mm 3 and exhibits a return loss, S11 of less than -10dB for all the resonating frequencies for all three substrates. The analysis has been done by considering the S11 (Return loss <-10 dB), Directivity, Antenna Gain, VSWR and surface current distribution. Table II provides the comparison of parameters for different substrate material.
Źródło:
International Journal of Electronics and Telecommunications; 2022, 68, 4; 715--719
2300-1933
Pojawia się w:
International Journal of Electronics and Telecommunications
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Analysis of Coverage and Area Spectral Efficiency under Various Design Parameters of Heterogeneous Cellular Network
Autorzy:
Abbasi, Anum
Shaikh, M. Mujtaba
Dahri, Safia
Soomro, Sarfraz Ahmed
Panhwar, Fozia Aijaz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2055224.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
heterogeneous network
coverage
area spectral efficiency
5G
ultra-dense network
Opis:
As day by day the population is increasing, the use of mobile phones and different applications is increasing which requires high data rate for transmission. Homogeneous cellular network cannot fulfill the demand of mobile users, so creating a heterogeneous cellular network (HCN) is a better choice for higher coverage and capacity to fulfil the increasing demand of upcoming 5G and ultra-dense cellular networks. In this research, the impact of antenna heights and gains under varying pico to macro base stations density ratio from 2G to 5G and beyond on two-tier heterogeneous cellular network has been analyzed for obtaining optimum results of coverage and area spectral efficiency. Furthermore, how the association of UEs affects the coverage and ASE while changing the BSs antenna heights and gains has been explored for the two-tier HCN network model. The simulation results show that by considering the maximum macro BS antenna height, pico BS antenna height equal to user equipment (UE) antenna height and unity gains for both macro and pico tiers, the optimum coverage and area spectral efficiency (ASE) for a two-tier fully loaded heterogeneous cellular network can be obtained.
Źródło:
International Journal of Electronics and Telecommunications; 2021, 67, 4; 639--645
2300-1933
Pojawia się w:
International Journal of Electronics and Telecommunications
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Analysis of Latency-Aware Network Slicing in 5G Packet xHaul Networks
Autorzy:
Klinkowski, Mirosław
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/27311921.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czasopisma i Monografie PAN
Tematy:
5G
radio access networks
packet-switched xHaul
latency-sensitive network
network slicing
traffic prioritization
network optimization
Opis:
Packet-switched xHaul networks are a scalable solution enabling convergent transport of diverse types of radio data flows, such as fronthaul / midhaul / backhaul (FH / MH / BH) flows, between remote sites and a central site (hub) in 5G radio access networks (RANs). Such networks can be realized using the cost-efficient Ethernet technology, which enhanced with time-sensitive networking (TSN) features allows for prioritized transmission of latency-sensitive fronthaul flows. Provisioning of multiple types of 5G services of different service requirements in a shared network, commonly referred to as network slicing, requires adequate handling of transported data flows in order to satisfy particular service / slice requirements. In this work, we investigate two traffic prioritization policies, namely, flowaware (FA) and latency-aware (LA), in a packet-switched xHaul network supporting slices of different latency requirements. We evaluate the effectiveness of the policies in a networkplanning case study, where virtualized radio processing resources allocated at the processing pool (PP) facilities, for two slices related to enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB) and ultra-reliable low latency communications (URLLC) services, are subject to optimization. Using numerical experiments, we analyze PP cost savings from applying the LA policy (vs. FA) in various network scenarios. The savings in active PPs reach up to 40% − 60% in ring scenarios and 30% in a mesh network, whereas the gains in overall PP cost are up to 20% for the cost values assumed in the analysis.
Źródło:
International Journal of Electronics and Telecommunications; 2023, 69, 2; 335--340
2300-1933
Pojawia się w:
International Journal of Electronics and Telecommunications
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Bezpośrednie inwestycje zagraniczne i wzrost gospodarczy w państwach G-5 oraz BRICS – analiza przyczynowości w sensie Grangera
Foreign Direct Investments and economic growth in G-5 and BRICS countries – Granger causality analysis
Autorzy:
Folfas, Paweł
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/569876.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Ekonomicznego we Wrocławiu
Tematy:
Foreign Direct Investments
economic growth
G-5
BRICS
Granger causality
Opis:
Research concerns causality between FDI inflows and real GDP growth in ten countries: France, Germany, Japan, U.S., U.K., Brazil, China, India, Russia and South Africa during the period 1971-2012. The analysis is based on Granger-causality tests. The study is aimed at answering a question whether there is one way or two-way causality (or no causality at all) between FDI inflows and real GDP growth in G-5 and BRICS countries. According to the Granger-causality tests one-way causality occurs only in the case of Japan and India. Thus, Granger-causality between FDI inflows and real GDP growth seems to be a country-specific issue and any genral conlusions concerning developed or developing economies are not justified.
Źródło:
Ekonomia XXI Wieku; 2015, 3 (7); 30-45
2353-8929
Pojawia się w:
Ekonomia XXI Wieku
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
C-V2X Communications for the Support of a Green Light Optimized Speed Advisory (GLOSA) Use Case
Autorzy:
Chochliouros, Ioannis P.
Spiliopoulou, Anastasia S.
Kostopoulos, Alexandros
Agapiou, George
Lazaridis, Pavlos
Zaharis, Zaharias
Chen, Tao
Dardamanis, Athanassios
Kourtis, Michail-Alexandros
Agapiou, Marinos
Herzog, Uwe
Ladid, Latif
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1839465.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Instytut Łączności - Państwowy Instytut Badawczy
Tematy:
5G
cellular V2X
cooperative awareness messages
cooperative intersection
cooperative ITS
green light-optimized speed advisory
intelligent transportation systems
traffic efficiency
vehicle-to-everything
Opis:
Rapid expansion of 5G affects a number of sectors, including vehicular communications relying on cooperative intelligent transportation systems (C-ITS). More specifically, in the context of the Internet of Vehicles (IoV), a particular emphasis is placed on modern cellular V2X (C-V2X) technologies aiming to further improve road safety. This work originates from the detailed scope of the ongoing 5G-DRIVE research project promoting cooperation between the EU and China, with the aim of demonstrating IoV services that rely on vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I) communications. With the C-V2X approach serving as a point of departure, we analyze and describe a specific green light-optimized speed advisory (GLOSA) use case, for which we provide a detailed descriptive framework, a proposed architectural framework for trials, as well as specific KPIs for the joint assessment of trials between the EU and China. We also discuss the context for performance test procedures to be conducted as part of the intended trials. GLOSA provides end-users with short-term information on upcoming traffic light status to optimize traffic flows, help prevent speed limit violations, improve fuel efficiency, and reduce pollution.
Źródło:
Journal of Telecommunications and Information Technology; 2021, 2; 93-106
1509-4553
1899-8852
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Telecommunications and Information Technology
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Centralized Spectrum Sharing and Coordination Between Terrestrial and Aerial Base Stations of 3GPP-Based 5G Networks
Autorzy:
Bechta, Kamil
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1844695.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
5G
spectrum sharing
unmanned aerial vehicle
Opis:
The objective of this paper is to estimate performance of a new approach for spectrum sharing and coordination between terrestrial base stations (BS) and On-board radio access nodes (UxNB) carried by Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV). This approach employs an artificial intelligence (AI) based algorithm implemented in a centralized controller. According to the assessment based on the latest specifications of 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) the newly defined Unmanned Aerial System Traffic Management (UTM) is feasible to implement and utilize an algorithm for dynamic and efficient distribution of available radio resources between all radio nodes involved in process of optimization. An example of proprietary algorithm has been described, which is based on the principles of Kohonen neural networks. The algorithm has been used in simulation scenario to illustrate the performance of the novel approach of centralized radio channels allocation between terrestrial BSs and UxNBs deployed in 3GPP-defined rural macro (RMa) environment. Simulation results indicate that at least 85% of simulated downlink (DL) transmissions are gaining additional channel bandwidth if presented algorithm is used for spectrum distribution between terrestrial BSs and UxNBs instead of baseline soft frequency re-use (SFR) approach.
Źródło:
International Journal of Electronics and Telecommunications; 2021, 67, 2; 301-308
2300-1933
Pojawia się w:
International Journal of Electronics and Telecommunications
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Characterization of Propagation Models at 5G Network and Effects of SAR on Human Brain
Autorzy:
Al-Aamri, Nawal
Nadir, Zia
Bait-Suwailam, Mohammed
Al-Lawati, Hassan
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2074140.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
pathloss
prediction
5G
RMSE
CI model
ABG model
SAR
Opis:
Nowadays, the world is turning into technology, fast internet and high signal quality. To ensure high signal quality, the network planners have to predict the pathloss and signal strength of the transmitted signal at specific distances in the design stage. The aim of this research is to provide a generalized pathloss model to suit the urban area in Muscat Governorate in the Sultanate of Oman. The research covers 5G network pathloss in the Muttrah Business District (MBD) area. It includes Close In (CI) model and Alpha Beta Gamma (ABG) model with 3.45GHz. The results of 5G models were compared with real experimental data in MBD by calculating Root Mean Square Error RMSE. Other cells at MBD area were used for reverification. To validate the modified pathloss models of 5G, they were applied at different cells in Alkhoud area. Furthermore, this paper also deals the effect of Specific Absorption Rate (SAR) on the human brain for ensuring safety due to close proximity to cell towers. The SAR values were calculated indirectly from the electric field strength of different antennas. Calculated results were compared with the international standards defined limits on the human brain.
Źródło:
International Journal of Electronics and Telecommunications; 2022, 68, 2; 343--349
2300-1933
Pojawia się w:
International Journal of Electronics and Telecommunications
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Wyświetlanie 1-15 z 87

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