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Tytuł:
Analysis on the process of ship striking the anti-collision pier
Autorzy:
Zhao, C.
Yan, H.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2211921.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Morski w Gdyni. Wydział Nawigacyjny
Tematy:
navigational infractructure
anti-collision
anti-collision pier
inland waters
analysis of ship collision
collision avoidance
collision force
China's shipping industry
Opis:
China's extensive inland navigable water system determines that inland navigation must be an important part of China's shipping industry. The collision process of ship striking the anti-collision pier is analyzed through simulation experiment in this paper. The results show that the collision process usually lasts less than 2 seconds, and the peak value of the collision force, friction and resultant force appears 0.5 after the start of the collision.
Źródło:
TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation; 2022, 16, 3; 501--504
2083-6473
2083-6481
Pojawia się w:
TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Focusing properties of partially coherent dark hollow Gaussian beams through a thin lens system
Autorzy:
Dong, Y
Zhao, C
Wang, K
Cai, Y
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/175075.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Politechnika Wrocławska. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej
Tematy:
focusing properties
partially coherent
dark hollow beam
focal shift
Opis:
This paper investigated the focal shift of partially coherent dark hollow Gaussian beams through a thin lens system. An analytic expression of the irradiance distribution of the focusing partially coherent dark hollow Gaussian beams in the back focal plane has been given by using the Collins formula. The focus shift of focused partially coherent dark hollow Gaussian beams in different parameters is studied in detail by numerical calculations. It is found that the absolute value of the focal shift of partially coherent dark hollow Gaussian beams decreases as the transverse coherence width or the order of the dark hollow Gaussian beams or a parameter of the dark hollow Gaussian beams increases.
Źródło:
Optica Applicata; 2015, 45, 2; 151-161
0078-5466
1899-7015
Pojawia się w:
Optica Applicata
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Research on capacity of mixed vessels traffic flow based on vessel-following theory
Autorzy:
Zhao, C.
Yan, H.
Zhou, G.
Liu, T.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2211979.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Morski w Gdyni. Wydział Nawigacyjny
Tematy:
vessel traffic flow
vessel-following theory
vessel traffic
vessel-following sequence
traffic characteristics
follow theoretical analysis diagram
maritime traffic engineering
traffic flow theory
Opis:
In order to study the characteristics of mixed vessel traffic flow, based on classical head distance model and probability analysis, by studying the combination time head way of different vessel-following sequences, the capacity model of mixed vessels traffic flow was established. Through analyzing two representative types of vessels, research results indicate that the capacity of mixed traffic increase with the traffic flow speed in a certain speed range, but the increasing trend slow down. The closer length and inertial stopping distance of different kind vessels are, the more capacity of mixed traffic increases. And the influence of reaction time on the capacity is related to proportion of different kind vessels.
Źródło:
TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation; 2022, 16, 3; 535--539
2083-6473
2083-6481
Pojawia się w:
TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Plasma metabolic differences in cows affected by inactive ovaries or normal ovarian function post partum
Autorzy:
Zhao, C.
Hu, P.
Bai, Y.L.
Xia, C.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2087365.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
dairy cows
inactive ovaries
gas chromatography/mass spectrometry
multivariate statistical analysis
differential metabolites
Źródło:
Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences; 2020, 23, 1; 59-67
1505-1773
Pojawia się w:
Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Use of fuzzy fault tree analysis and noisy-OR gate bayesian network for navigational risk assessment in Qingzhou Port
Autorzy:
Zhao, C.
Wu, B.
Yip, T. L.
Lv, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2063967.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Morski w Gdyni. Wydział Nawigacyjny
Tematy:
risk assessment
Bayesian Network Model
navigational risk
navigational risk assessment
Port of Qingzhou
fuzzy fault tree
noisy-OR gate
navigational accidents
Opis:
Collisions and groundings account for more than 80% among all types of maritime accidents, and risk assessment is an essential step in the formal safety assessment. This paper proposes a method based on fuzzy fault tree analysis and Noisy-OR gate Bayesian network for navigational risk assessment. First, a fault tree model was established with historical data, and the probability of basic events is calculated using fuzzy sets. Then, the Noisy-OR gate is utilized to determine the conditional probability of related nodes and obtain the probability distribution of the consequences in the Bayesian network. Finally, this proposed method is applied to Qinzhou Port. From sensitivity analysis, several predominant influencing factors are identified, including navigational area, ship type and time of the day. The results indicate that the consequence is sensitive to the position where the accidents occurred. Consequently, this paper provides a practical and reasonable method for risk assessment for navigational accidents.
Źródło:
TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation; 2021, 15, 3; 765--771
2083-6473
2083-6481
Pojawia się w:
TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Fuzzy-PID control method for two-stage vibration isolation system
Połączenie sterowania rozmytego z regulatorem PID w dwustopniowym układzie wibroizolacji
Autorzy:
Zhao, C-S.
Zhu, S-J.
He, Q-W.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/280755.pdf
Data publikacji:
2007
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Mechaniki Teoretycznej i Stosowanej
Tematy:
two-stage vibration isolation system
fuzzy-PID control
simulation
Opis:
The arithmetic of PID control is simple and the stability of it is good. However, the dynamic characteristics of PID control are poor. The fuzzy logic control method is flexible and adaptive. It does not rely on a mathematical model of the system and can deal with the nonlinearity of parameters and uncertain problems. However, the stability of fuzzy logic control is poor. In this paper, fuzzy logic control combined with PID control is applied to a two-stage vibration isolation system to improve the vibration isolation effectiveness. Simulation results show that the method is effective.
Arytmetyka regulatora PID jest prosta, a jego stabilność dobra. Jednakże charakterystyki dynamiczne PID już tak korzystne nie są. Z drugiej strony, metody sterowania oparte na logice rozmytej są elastyczne i cechuje je duża zdolność adaptacyjna. Nie polegają one na ścisłym modelu matematycznym danego układu i dobrze sobie radzą z nieliniowościami parametrów i słabo zdefiniowanymi zagadnieniami. Niestety stabilność sterowania z logiką rozmytą jest niedostateczna. W pracy zaprezentowano rodzaj kombinacji metody logiki rozmytej z regulatorem PID zastosowanej do dwustopniowego układu izolacji drgań. Przeprowadzone symulacje pokazały efektywność takiego podejścia.
Źródło:
Journal of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics; 2007, 45, 1; 171-177
1429-2955
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Features of distribution of uranium and thorium in red mud
Autorzy:
Gu, H.
Wang, N.
Yang, Y.
Zhao, C.
Cui, S.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/110444.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Politechnika Wrocławska. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej
Tematy:
red mud
uranium
thorium
distribution
perovskite
Opis:
Natural radioactive elements such as uranium and thorium restrict the use of red mud as building materials or additives, and may cause environmental problems. The distribution features of U and Th in red mud was studied from micro and macro analysis, using EPMA, LA-ICP-MS, and methods of mineralogy and beneficiation. Based on the micro-area scanning analysis, main chemical compositions in red mud, such as Ca, Al, Si, Na, and K are dispersive while Fe and Ti mainly tend to concentrate in granular phases. Based on the in-situ analysis, the distribution of main elements and most trace elements in micro-zone of red mud was homogeneous. In micro-zone area, the variation tendency of thorium content was similar with Y in red mud samples. By means of the methods of mineralogy and beneficiation, red mud samples were separated into different fractions. U and Th tend to be enriched in the low density fraction of the red mud. Th presented a high concentration in the finest particle size fractions of the red mud. Neither U or Th was regularly distributed in various magnetic red mud fractions. Thorium fingerprint peaks were determined in perovskite by EDX under TEM, which is proposed to be one of the radioactivity sources in Bayer red mud.
Źródło:
Physicochemical Problems of Mineral Processing; 2017, 53, 1; 110-120
1643-1049
2084-4735
Pojawia się w:
Physicochemical Problems of Mineral Processing
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Evolution properties of multi-Gaussian Schell model beams propagating in uniaxial crystal orthogonal to the optical axis
Autorzy:
Lu, X.
Shen, Y.
Zhu, X.
Zhao, C.
Cai, Y.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/173654.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Politechnika Wrocławska. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej
Tematy:
propagation properties
partially coherent
uniaxial crystal
Opis:
An analytical formula for the multi-Gaussian Schell model is derived for the beam propagating in a uniaxial crystal orthogonal to the optical axis. The propagation properties of multi-Gaussian Schell model beams in a uniaxial crystal orthogonal to the optical axis is investigated by using the analytical formula. Some results are illustrated by numerical examples related to the propagation properties of multi-Gaussian Schell model beams. It is found that the propagation properties of the multi-Gaussian Schell model beams are very different from the propagation properties in the free space. They are closely related to the initial coherence and the ratio of the extraordinary and ordinary refractive indices. The results provide a way for studying the propagation properties of the multi-Gaussian Schell model beams in the uniaxial crystal orthogonal to the optical axis.
Źródło:
Optica Applicata; 2016, 46, 1; 19-34
0078-5466
1899-7015
Pojawia się w:
Optica Applicata
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Defect solitons supported by kagome photonic lattices in biased photovoltaic-photorefractive crystals
Autorzy:
Hui, J.
Lu, K.
Zhao, C.
Gao, L.
Chen, W.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/173797.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Politechnika Wrocławska. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej
Tematy:
defect solitons
photonic lattices
photorefractive nonlinearity
nonlinear optics
Opis:
We report that defect solitons can be supported by kagome photonic lattices with a defect in biased photovoltaic-photorefractive crystals. For a positive defect, these defect solitons exist only in the semi-infinite bandgap and are stable in the low power region but unstable in the high power region. For a negative defect, these defect solitons exist in both of the semi-infinite bandgaps and the first bandgap. In the semi-infinite bandgap, low-power defect solitons are stable when the negative defect depth is low and unstable when the negative defect depth is high, moderate-power defect solitons are stable when the negative defect depth is high, and high-power defect solitons are unstable for all the negative defect depths. In the first bandgap, defect solitons are stable in all the power regions when the negative defect depth is low. When the negative defect depth is high, defect solitons are stable in the high power region and unstable in the low power region. On the other hand, these defect solitons are those studied previously in kagome photonic lattices with a defect in biased non-photovoltaic-photorefractive crystals when the bulk photovoltaic effect is negligible and those in kagome photonic lattices with a defect in photovoltaic-photorefractive crystals when the external bias field is absent.
Źródło:
Optica Applicata; 2018, 48, 3; 349-359
0078-5466
1899-7015
Pojawia się w:
Optica Applicata
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Functional traits related to environmental divergence in combination with phylogenetic relationship of Picea species
Autorzy:
Wang, M.
Wang, J.
Zhang, A.
Zhang, X.
Sun, S.
Zhao, C.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2077949.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Dendrologii PAN
Tematy:
δ13C
P50
Picea
seeva
quantitative convergence index
Opis:
Background: Plants have adapted to fine-scale environmental heterogeneity through ecologically important traits, leading to new lineages. This suggests that differentiation of important traits has been beneficial to habitat partitioning among closely related species. However, the pattern of ecological divergences and differentiation of functional traits in combination with phylogenetic relationships have not been widely examined. Material and methods: To illustrate the pattern of ecological divergences of nine Picea species, spatial evolutionary and ecological vicariance analysis (seeva) was used to quantify and test the divergence between sister lineages. Five functional traits were measured in a common garden experiment. For all traits the quantitative convergence index (QVI) was determined. Furthermore, their relationships with divergent environmental variables were analyzed in the context of phylogenetic relationships. Results: Temperature variables (maximum temperature of warmest month and temperature annual range) split at basal nodes and precipitation variables (annual precipitation and precipitation of driest quarter) split at terminal nodes. Conservative traits were leaf mass per area (LMA) and net photosynthetic rate (Pn), which reflected selective retention when ancestors suffered cold environmental separation. Meanwhile, linear stomatal density (LSD), carbon-13 isotope ratio (δ13C) and water potential at 50% loss of hydraulic conductivity (P50) were convergent between species, but only P50 exhibited adaption to different precipitation conditions. The nine Picea species exhibit a distinct environmental divergence pattern. LMA and Pn were selectively retained when their ancestors were subjected to cold environmental separation. P50 was an important trait with respect to adaptation to precipitation differences. This research provided a new way of expounding the correlation between environment, functional traits and phylogeny, deepening our understanding of environmental divergence, trait differentiation and speciation.
Źródło:
Dendrobiology; 2018, 80; 131-142
1641-1307
Pojawia się w:
Dendrobiology
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Improving Triggering Characteristics for a Surface-Flashover Triggered Vacuum Switch
Autorzy:
He, Z.
Wang, L.
Li, F.
Yao, W.
Dong, M.
Zhao, C.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1807889.pdf
Data publikacji:
2009-06
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Fizyki PAN
Tematy:
52.80.Vp
52.75.Kq
52.25.Mq
Opis:
A surface-breakdown triggered vacuum switch with parallel disk electrodes and semiconductor surface flashover trigger electrode has many advantages, it is easy to be triggered and machined. The resistance of the trigger gap has been increased in terms of modifying the thickness of the semiconductor layer and improving coating process technology. The trigger gap resistance, trigger voltage and trigger waveforms were experimentally tested. The results show that the triggering characteristics can be improved by increasing the trigger resistance.
Źródło:
Acta Physica Polonica A; 2009, 115, 6; 1019-1021
0587-4246
1898-794X
Pojawia się w:
Acta Physica Polonica A
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Determination and analysis of the theoretical production of a bucket wheel excavator
Określanie i analiza teoretycznej wydajności pracy koparki wielonaczyniowej kołowej
Autorzy:
Zhao-Xue, C.
Yan-Long, C.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/219168.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
koparka kołowa wielonaczyniowa
teoretycznie obliczone wydobycie
prędkość obrotowa
korpus koparki
bucket wheel excavator
theoretical production
rotary speed
excavator body
Opis:
The theoretical capacity of a bucket wheel excavator is the basis of mining theory. The paper concludes that the use of “1/cosφ” to adjust the speed of a bucket wheel excavator will result in rapid speeds, which may cause nonuniform flow from the distribution of material flow, and decreased capacity utilization. Consequently, this scenario may produce unreasonable structure parameters and performance parameters that are based on theoretical analysis and mathematical derivation. If the rotary speed of an excavator body is too fast, it will require excessive mechanical strength and will generate increased rotary drive power, power consumption and extractive costs. Thus, the rotary speed of an excavator body should be appropriately reduced.
Teoretyczna wydajność koparki wielonaczyniowej kołowej jest podstawą w teoretycznych obliczeniach wydajności wydobycia. Autorzy pracy wyciągnęli wniosek, że wykorzystanie zależności 1/cosφ przy sterowaniu prędkością pracy koparki prowadzi do zbyt dużych prędkości, co powodować może nierównomierność strumienia urobku i ograniczone wykorzystanie mocy przerobowych koparki. W konsekwencji, mamy do czynienia z nieuzasadnionymi parametrami konstrukcyjnymi i eksploatacyjnymi opartymi na analizach teoretycznych i matematycznych wyprowadzeniach. Jeśli prędkość obrotowa w ruchu korpusu koparki jest zbyt duża, wymagane będzie dostarczenie nadmiernej siły by wygenerować odpowiednio dużą prędkość obrotową, prowadząc do wzrostu zużycia energii i kosztów wydobycia. Dlatego też konieczna jest odpowiednia kontrola prędkości obrotowej w ruchu koparki.
Źródło:
Archives of Mining Sciences; 2014, 59, 1; 283-291
0860-7001
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Mining Sciences
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Study of flow softening mechanisms of a nickel-based superalloy with o phase
Autorzy:
Lin, Y. C.
He, D.-G
Chen, M. S.
Chen, X.-M.
Zhao, C.-Y.
Ma, X.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/958203.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
alloys
hot deformation
flow softening behavior
microstructural evolution
Opis:
The flow softening behaviors of a nickel-based superalloy with o phase are investigated by hot compression tests over wide ranges of deformation temperature and strain rate. Electron backscattered diffraction (EBSD). optical microscopy (OM), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) are employed to study the flow softening mechanisms of the studied superalloy. It is found that the flow softening behaviors of the studied superalloy are sensitive to deformation temperature and strain rate. At high strain rate and low deformation temperature, the obvious flow softening behaviors occur. With the increase of deformation temperature or decrease of strain rate, the flow softening degree becomes weaken. At high strain rate (1s-1), the flow softening is mostly induced by the plastic deformation heating and flow localization. However, at low strain rate domains (0.001-0.01s-1), the effects of deformation heating on flow softening are slight. Moreover, the flow softening at low strain rates is mainly induced by the discontinuous dynamic recrystallization and the dissolution of 6 phase (Ni3Nb).
Źródło:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials; 2016, 61, 3; 1537-1546
1733-3490
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
LBP gene methylation involved in mRNA expression and resistance to E. coli F18 in weaned piglets
Autorzy:
Gan, L.N.
Bao, W.B.
Wu, S.L.
Qin, W.Y.
Sun, L.
Zhao, C.X.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2087872.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
LBP gene
methylation analysis of the LBP region
E.coli F18 strain
weaned piglets
Źródło:
Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences; 2017, 4; 643-650
1505-1773
Pojawia się w:
Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Identification of Ship Maneuvering Model Using Extended Kalman Filters
Autorzy:
Shi, C.
Zhao, D.
Peng, J.
Shen, C.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/116777.pdf
Data publikacji:
2009
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Morski w Gdyni. Wydział Nawigacyjny
Tematy:
Manoeuvring
Ship Manoeuvering Model
Kalman filter
extended Kalman filter (EKF)
Ship Manoeuvrability
ship handling simulator
Turning Circle Test
Zig-Zag Test
Opis:
Ship maneuvering models are the keys to the research of ship maneuverability, design of ship motion control system and development of ship handling simulators. For various frames of ship maneuvering models, determining the parameters of the models is always a tedious task. System identification theory can be used to establish system mathematical models by the system’s input data and output data. In this paper, based on the analysis of ship hydrodynamics, a nonlinear model frame of ship maneuvering is established. System identification theory is employed to estimate the parameters of the model. An algorithm based on the extended Kalman filter theory is proposed to calculate the parameters. In order to gain the system’s input and output data, which is necessary for the parameters identification experiment, turning circle tests and Zig-zag tests are performed on shiphandling simulator and the initial data is collected. Based on the Fixed Interval Kalman Smoothing algorithm, a pre-processing algorithm is proposed to process the raw data of the tests. With this algorithm, the errors introduced during the measurement process are eliminated. Parameters identification experiments are designed to estimate the model parameters, and the ship maneuvering model parameters estimation algorithm is extended to modify the parameters being estimated. Then the model parameters and the ship maneuvering model are determined. Simulation validation was carried out to simulate the ship maneuverability. Comparisons have been made to the simulated data and measured data. The results show that the ship maneuvering model determined by our approach can seasonably reflect the actual motion of ship, and the parameter estimation procedure and algorithms are effective.
Źródło:
TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation; 2009, 3, 1; 105-110
2083-6473
2083-6481
Pojawia się w:
TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Improving separation efficiency of 6-1 mm coal by introducing vibration energy to dense medium gas-solid fluidized bed
Autorzy:
He, J.
Zhao, Y.
Luo, Z.
Zhao, J.
Duan, C.
He, Y.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/110018.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Politechnika Wrocławska. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej
Tematy:
vibration energy
dense medium gas-solid fluidized bed
fluidization quality
density uniformity
separation efficiency
Opis:
Effects of the vibration energy on the fluidization quality and separation performance of dense medium gas-solid fluidized bed were investigated experimentally. The magnetite powder with a wide size range of 0.3-0.074 mm was utilized as the basic medium solids. 6-1 mm fine coal sample from Yongcheng (China) was used to perform the separation experiments. The results indicate that the vibration amplitude A and superficial gas velocity U are greatly significant to the fluidization stability and the density distribution uniformity. Comparing with the bed without vibration, the optimal SP and Sρ values of 0.034 kPa and 0.018 g/cm3 are acquired in vibration bed with the operating factors of A = 1 mm, U = 1.8Umf, f = 15 Hz and Hs = 150 mm. The coal ash content was reduced from 27.84% to 9.50% at a separating density of 1.68 g/cm3 with a probable error E value of 0.505. The separation efficiency of 6-1mm fine coal is effectively improved by introducing vibration energy to dense medium gas-solid fluidized bed. The technology provides a novel approach to achieve high-efficiency separation of 6-1 mm fine coal in the arid and water-shortage areas.
Źródło:
Physicochemical Problems of Mineral Processing; 2015, 51, 1; 95-108
1643-1049
2084-4735
Pojawia się w:
Physicochemical Problems of Mineral Processing
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Ferrite Decarburization of High Silicon Spring Steel in Three Temperature Ranges
Autorzy:
Zhao, F.
Zhang, C. L.
Liu, Y. Z.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/350822.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
surface decarburization
steel
oxidation
carbon diffusion
Opis:
Surface decarburization of high silicon spring steel in ambient air was studied. The experimental results confirmed the decarburized mechanism under AC1 temperature, in the temperature range of AC1-AC3 and AC3-G. Under AC1 temperature, pearlite spheroidization and surface decarburization are carried out simultaneously and pearlite spheroidization is reinforced. Considering the oxidation loss depth, the “true ferrite decarburized depth” at 850 °C (AC3-G) is still smaller than that at 760°C (AC1-AC3). That is because an “incubation period” must pass away before ferrite decarburization occurs in the temperature range of AC3-G, and the ferrite decarburized rate is limited to being equal to the partial decarburized rate.
Źródło:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials; 2016, 61, 3; 1715-1722
1733-3490
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
2D Structural Acoustic Analysis Using the FEM/FMBEM with Different Coupled Element Types
Autorzy:
Chen, L.
Zhao, W.
Liu, C.
Chen, H.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/176330.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
boundary element method
finite element method
discontinuous boundary elements
acoustic fluid-structure interaction
fast multipole method
Opis:
A FEM-BEM coupling approach is used for acoustic fluid-structure interaction analysis. The FEM is used to model the structure and the BEM is used to model the exterior acoustic domain. The aim of this work is to improve the computational efficiency and accuracy of the conventional FEM-BEM coupling approach. The fast multipole method (FMM) is applied to accelerating the matrix-vector products in BEM. The Burton-Miller formulation is used to overcome the fictitious eigen-frequency problem when using a single Helmholtz boundary integral equation for exterior acoustic problems. The continuous higher order boundary elements and discontinuous higher order boundary elements for 2D problem are developed in this work to achieve higher accuracy in the coupling analysis. The performance for coupled element types is compared via a simple example with analytical solution, and the optimal element type is obtained. Numerical examples are presented to show the relative errors of different coupled element types.
Źródło:
Archives of Acoustics; 2017, 42, 1; 37-48
0137-5075
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Acoustics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Voice Conversion Based on Hybrid SVR and GMM
Autorzy:
Song, P.
Jin, Y.
Zhao, L.
Zou, C.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/177748.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
voice conversion
support vector regression
Gaussian mixture models
F0 prediction
speaker-specific information
Opis:
A novel VC (voice conversion) method based on hybrid SVR (support vector regression) and GMM (Gaussian mixture model) is presented in the paper, the mapping abilities of SVR and GMM are exploited to map the spectral features of the source speaker to those of target ones. A new strategy of F0 transfor- mation is also presented, the F0s are modeled with spectral features in a joint GMM and predicted from the converted spectral features using the SVR method. Subjective and objective tests are carried out to evaluate the VC performance; experimental results show that the converted speech using the proposed method can obtain a better quality than that using the state-of-the-art GMM method. Meanwhile, a VC method based on non-parallel data is also proposed, the speaker-specific information is investigated us- ing the SVR method and preliminary subjective experiments demonstrate that the proposed method is feasible when a parallel corpus is not available.
Źródło:
Archives of Acoustics; 2012, 37, 2; 143-149
0137-5075
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Acoustics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Low-temperature pyrolysis of oily sludge : roles of Fe/Al-pillared bentonites
Autorzy:
Jia, H.
Zhao, S.
Zhou, X.
Qu, C.
Fan, D.
Wang, C.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/204636.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
pyrolysis
oily sludge
Fe/Al pillared bentonites
aliphatic hydrocarbons
Lewis acidity
Opis:
Pyrolysis is potentially an effective treatment of oily sludge for oil recovery, and the addition of a catalyst is expected to affect its pyrolysis behavior. In the present study, Fe/Al-pillared bentonite with various Fe/Al ratios as pyrolysis catalyst is prepared and characterized by XRD, N2 adsorption, and NH3-TPD. The integration of Al and Fe in the bentonite interlayers to form pillared clay is evidenced by increase in the basal spacing. As a result, a critical ratio of Fe/Al exists in the Fe/Al-pillared bentonite catalytic pyrolysis for oil recovery from the sludge. The oil yield increases with respect to increase in Fe/Al ratio of catalysts, then decreases with further increasing of Fe/Al ratio. The optimum oil yield using 2.0 wt% of Fe/Al 0.5-pillared bentonite as catalyst attains to 52.46% compared to 29.23% without catalyst addition in the present study. In addition, the addition of Fe/Al-pillared bentonite catalyst also improves the quality of pyrolysis-produced oil and promotes the formation of CH4. Fe/Al-pillared bentonite provides acid center in the inner surface, which is beneficial to the cracking reaction of oil molecules in pyrolysis process. The present work implies that Fe/Al-pillared bentonite as addictive holds great potential in industrial pyrolysis of oily sludge.
Źródło:
Archives of Environmental Protection; 2017, 43, 3; 82-90
2083-4772
2083-4810
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Environmental Protection
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Nonlinear degradation modeling and maintenance policy for a two-stage degradation system based on cumulative damage model
System charakteryzujący się dwuetapowym procesem degradacji: nieliniowe modelowanie degradacji oraz wyznaczanie strategii eksploatacji systemu na podstawie modelu sumowania uszkodzeń
Autorzy:
Ni, X.
Zhao, J.
Song, W.
Guo, C.
Li, H.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/301523.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Polskie Naukowo-Techniczne Towarzystwo Eksploatacyjne PAN
Tematy:
two-stage
nonlinear
degradation modeling
cumulative damage model
maintenance policy
dwu-etapowy
nieliniowy
modelowanie degradacji
model sumowania uszkodzeń
strategia eksploatacji
Opis:
This paper attempts to take into account a two-stage degradation system which degradation rate is non-stationary and change over time. The system degradation is thought to be caused by shocks, and system degradation model is established based on cumulative damage model. The nonlinear degradation process is expressed by different shock damage and shock counting. And shock damage and shock counting are assumed to be Gamma distribution and non-homogeneous Poisson process, respectively. On the basis of these, system reliability model and nonlinear degradation model are given. In order to optimal maintenance policy for considered system, adaptive maintenance policy and time-dependent maintenance policy are studied, and mean maintenance cost rate is established to evaluate the maintenance policies. Numerical examples are given to analyze the influences of degradation model parameters and find optimal maintenance policy for considered system.
W przedstawionym artykule badano system, w którym proces degradacji zachodzi dwuetapowo, a szybkość degradacji jest zmienna w czasie. Przyjęto, że do degradacji systemu dochodzi w wyniku wstrząsów. Model degradacji systemu oparto na modelu sumowania uszkodzeń. Nieliniowy proces degradacji określono jako taki, w którym uszkodzenie powodowane wstrząsem oraz częstotliwość wstrząsów są wartościami zmiennymi. Przyjęto, że uszkodzenie powodowane wstrząsem ma rozkład gamma a częstotliwość wstrząsów jest niejednorodnym procesem Poissona. Na tej podstawie utworzono model niezawodności systemu oraz model degradacji nieliniowej. W celu opracowania optymalnej strategii eksploatacji dla rozpatrywanego systemu, rozważono dwa typy strategii utrzymania ruchu: strategię adaptacyjną oraz strategię czasowo-zależną. Strategie te oceniano określając średni poziom kosztów eksploatacji. Przykłady numeryczne posłużyły do analizy wpływu parametrów modelu degradacji oraz pozwoliły określić optymalną strategię utrzymania dla rozpatrywanego systemu.
Źródło:
Eksploatacja i Niezawodność; 2016, 18, 2; 171-180
1507-2711
Pojawia się w:
Eksploatacja i Niezawodność
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Effect of dispersion order on the spectral degree of polarization of stochastic electromagnetic pulsed beams
Autorzy:
Wang, H.
Ding, C.
Zhang, Y.
Zhao, Z.
Pan, L.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/173625.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Politechnika Wrocławska. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej
Tematy:
stochastic electromagnetic Bessel–Gauss pulsed beams
dispersive aperture lens
pulse
duration
temporal coherence length
Opis:
The analytical expression for the cross-spectral density function of stochastic electromagnetic Bessel–Gauss pulsed beams through a dispersive aperture lens is derived and used to study the changes in the spectral degree of polarization in an optical focus system. The changes in the spectral degree of polarization at the focal plane and on the z-axis are performed in the case of dispersion-free, dispersion of the first, second, and higher orders, respectively. It is shown that the dispersion affects the peak value of the spectral degree of polarization, and the higher order dispersion leads to a more obvious effect on the peak value of the spectral degree of polarization at the focal plane. On the z-axis, the spectral degree of polarization in the dispersion-free case is different form that in the dispersion case, however, the dispersion of different orders almost has the same effect on the spectral degree of polarization. The results obtained in this paper may be crucial for high precision laser detection.
Źródło:
Optica Applicata; 2014, 44, 1; 147-158
0078-5466
1899-7015
Pojawia się w:
Optica Applicata
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Polarization dependence of patterning effects in quantum well semiconductor optical amplifier-based wavelength conversion
Autorzy:
Qin, C
Shen, W
Zhao, J.
Yu, H.
Xu, E
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/173469.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Politechnika Wrocławska. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej
Tematy:
semiconductor optical amplifiers
polarization
patterning effect
Opis:
In this paper, polarization dependence of patterning effects in quantum well semiconductor optical amplifier-based wavelength conversion is experimentally and theoretically investigated. The carrier and photon density rate equations are numerically solved by using the time-domain traveling wave model. The material gain calculation, including the strain effect in the active layer, is based on the k·p method. By comparing experimental and computational results, it is demonstrated that the polarization of the injection signal has a significant influence on the gain recovery time of quantum well semiconductor optical amplifier. Under the cross-polarized signals injection, the output signals suffer the weakest and strongest patterning effects both for unstrained and tensile strained quantum well semiconductor optical amplifiers.
Źródło:
Optica Applicata; 2015, 45, 2; 163-172
0078-5466
1899-7015
Pojawia się w:
Optica Applicata
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Rare Earth Elements supply vs. clean energy technologies: new problems to be solve
Dostawy pierwiastków ziem rzadkich (REE) a czyste technologie energetyczne: nowe problemy do rozwiązania
Autorzy:
Zhou, B.
Li, Z.
Zhao, Y.
Zhang, C.
Wei, Y.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/216173.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Gospodarki Surowcami Mineralnymi i Energią PAN
Tematy:
rare earth element
clean energy technology
supply chain
pierwiastki ziem rzadkich
czysta technologia energetyczna
łańcuch dostaw
Opis:
Rare earth elements (REEs) provide important properties to clean energy technologies such as wind turbine and hybrid electric vehicles. The global REE demand will grow rapidly during the global transformation toward a greener economy in the next decades. This high demand will require a steady supply chain in the long run. China has a monopoly of global REE production and extraction. The global REE supply chain runs the risk of disruption along with Chinese REE policy evolution. To overcome this supply chain vulnerability, new strategies and measures should be adopted to satisfy future REE supply/demand. There is a pressing need to explore REE deposits, develop efficient REE recycling techniques from end-of-life products, improve substitution technologies for REEs, and reduce the number of critical REEs used in devices. Such measures are facing significant challenges due to environmental factors and an unbalanced market, and overcoming them requires efforts from government and REE companies.
Pierwiastki ziem rzadkich (Rare Earths Elements) mają istotne znaczenie dla rozwoju czystych technologii energetycznych, takich jak turbiny wiatrowe czy pojazdy hybrydowe. Światowy popyt na REE będzie wzrastał w związku z globalną transformacją w kierunku bardziej czystej (ekologicznej) gospodarki w okresie najbliższych dziesięcioleci. Wysoki popyt wymagać będzie stabilnego łańcucha dostaw REE w dłuższej perspektywie. Chiny mają monopol w zakresie globalnej produkcji i wydobycia REE. Światowe dostawy REE obarczone są jednak ryzykiem zakłóceń wynikających z chińskiej polityki w tym zakresie. W związku z tym, powinny być przyjęte nowe środki i strategie w celu zaspokojenia przyszłego popytu/podaży na REE. Istnieje pilna konieczność: poszukiwania nowych złóż, opracowania skutecznych technik recyklingu z wycofanych z eksploatacji produktów, poprawy technologii z zastosowaniem substytutów REE oraz zmniejszenie liczby krytycznych pierwiastków ziem rzadkich w stosowanych urządzeniach. Działania te stanowią poważne wyzwanie ze względu na czynniki środowiskowe i niezrównoważony rynek (monopol podaży). Przezwyciężenie ich wymaga odpowiednich działań ze strony rządu i firm zajmujących się produkcją REE.
Źródło:
Gospodarka Surowcami Mineralnymi; 2016, 32, 4; 29-44
0860-0953
Pojawia się w:
Gospodarka Surowcami Mineralnymi
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Speech emotion recognition under white noise
Autorzy:
Huang, C.
Chen, G.
Yu, H.
Bao, Y.
Zhao, L.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/177301.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
speech emotion recognition
speech enhancement
emotion model
Gaussian mixture model
Opis:
Speaker‘s emotional states are recognized from speech signal with Additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN). The influence of white noise on a typical emotion recogniztion system is studied. The emotion classifier is implemented with Gaussian mixture model (GMM). A Chinese speech emotion database is used for training and testing, which includes nine emotion classes (e.g. happiness, sadness, anger, surprise, fear, anxiety, hesitation, confidence and neutral state). Two speech enhancement algorithms are introduced for improved emotion classification. In the experiments, the Gaussian mixture model is trained on the clean speech data, while tested under AWGN with various signal to noise ratios (SNRs). The emotion class model and the dimension space model are both adopted for the evaluation of the emotion recognition system. Regarding the emotion class model, the nine emotion classes are classified. Considering the dimension space model, the arousal dimension and the valence dimension are classified into positive regions or negative regions. The experimental results show that the speech enhancement algorithms constantly improve the performance of our emotion recognition system under various SNRs, and the positive emotions are more likely to be miss-classified as negative emotions under white noise environment.
Źródło:
Archives of Acoustics; 2013, 38, 4; 457-463
0137-5075
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Acoustics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
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