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Tytuł:
Mechanical-acoustic method used to estimate porcelain materials degradation
Mechaniczno-akustyczna metoda badań degradacji tworzyw porcelanowych
Autorzy:
Ranachowski, Z.
Rejmund, F.
Ranachowski, P.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/153185.pdf
Data publikacji:
2008
Wydawca:
Stowarzyszenie Inżynierów i Techników Mechaników Polskich
Tematy:
degradacja tworzyw porcelanowych
badania emisji akustyczne
naprężenia ściskające
porcelain materials degradation
acoustic emission measurements
compressive stress
Opis:
This paper presents the results of acoustic emission (AE) measurements of samples under slowly increasing compressive stress. Additional research, concerning structure and parameters of the material, was performed using microscopic method. The objects of investigation were samples of porcelain material C 120 and C 130 types. These aluminous porcelains find wide application in modern electrotechnical engineering. The aim of study was recognition of stages of degradation processes of the porcelain structure. The analysis of mechanical-acoustic characteristics pointed out diversified strength and complicated mechanism of material degradation. The effectiveness of structural reinforcement of aluminous porcelains was ascertained. On the basis of AE measurements of compressed samples the successive stages of structure degradation have been distinguished. Detailed microscopic analysis enabled to specify the processes of the gradual growth of microcracks and decohesion of the ceramic body.
W pracy przedstawiono wyniki badań emisji akustycznej (EA) próbek poddanych wolno narastającemu naprężeniu ściskającemu. Uzupełniające badania strukturalne wykonane zostały metodą mikroskopii optycznej. Przedmiotem badań były próbki tworzyw porcelanowych rodzaju C 120 i C 130. Najważniejszym celem pracy było rozpoznanie etapów degradacji struktury tworzyw. Badania wykazały znaczne zróżnicowanie wytrzymałości próbek oraz złożony, kilkuetapowy mechanizm degradacji struktury porcelany. Opisane etapy niszczenia struktury próbek znajdują odniesienie w wieloletnich procesach starzeniowych tworzywa izolatorów w eksploatacji. Zastosowana mechaniczno-akustyczna metoda pozwoliła na wyróżnienie poszczególnych etapów degradacji badanych struktur. Udokumentowano proces powstawania, rozwoju i łączenia się pęknięć, które stopniowo doprowadzają do zniszczenia badanych próbek.
Źródło:
Pomiary Automatyka Kontrola; 2008, R. 54, nr 10, 10; 716-719
0032-4140
Pojawia się w:
Pomiary Automatyka Kontrola
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Acoustic emission probes of foam drainage processes in H2O-C2H5OH-air system with content of detergent triton X-100
Autorzy:
Rzeszotarska, J.
Rejmund, F.
Ranachowski, P.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/332741.pdf
Data publikacji:
1997
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Akustyczne
Opis:
The acoustic emission (AE) of short-lived static foams from non-ionic detergent Triton X-100 in ethanol-water solutions has been investigated. The AE of foam drainage process has shown two different stages of behaviour. The first step up to 80 s was without the appearance of AE signals. During this stage the rearrangement of bubbles has been observed. The next, main stage of drainage process proceeded with a high intensity AE generation. The results suggest that the AE technique gives the direct possibility of foam stability measurement.
Źródło:
Hydroacoustics; 1997, 1; 317-320
1642-1817
Pojawia się w:
Hydroacoustics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Microstructure and Degree of Degradation of ZnO Varistors in Surge Arresters Due to Operation
Autorzy:
Papliński, P.
Wańkowicz, J.
Ranachowski, P.
Ranachowski, Z.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/356415.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
surge arrester
MO varistor
microstructure of ceramics
ceramic material degradation
Opis:
The paper presents the test results for the microstructure of ZnO varistors comprising high voltage gapless surge arresters. The tests were performed on varistors produced in different periods and by various manufacturers. The research was inspired by different characteristics of changes in values of current flowing through surge arresters as a function of changes in values of system voltage in a 220 kV substation, and the temperature in a multi-year cycle. Furthermore, the effects of varistor microstructure degradation following a failure of an unsealed surge arrester were investigated. The results provided the grounds for assessment of ZnO varistor microstructure parameters in terms of their durability and resistance to degradation processes.
Źródło:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials; 2018, 63, 3; 1267-1273
1733-3490
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Investigation of Microstructure of ZnO Varistors Taken From Surge Arrester Counters
Autorzy:
Papliński, P.
Wańkowicz, J.
Ranachowski, P.
Ranachowski, Z.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/355223.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
surge arrester counter
ZnO varistors
microstructure of ceramics
ceramic material degradation
Opis:
The paper presents investigations of microstructure of varistors of damaged surge arrester counters. A similar ZnO varistor, not subjected before to operation, was a point of reference in this research. The results of investigations of the ZnO varistors show an untypical phase composition of their material, which was characterized by unsatisfying homogeneity and cohesion. The degradation processes of varistor material in the subsequent stages were recognized and described. A harmful impact of humidity inside the untight surge arrester counter on its operation and its ZnO varistors was proved. Some conclusions being the result of the operation checking of surge arrester counters were presented too.
Źródło:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials; 2019, 64, 1; 191-196
1733-3490
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Examination of the Properties of Samples from Glass-Epoxy Core Rods for Composite Insulators Subjected to DC High Voltage
Autorzy:
Wieczorek, K.
Jaroszewski, M.
Ranachowski, P.
Ranachowski, Z.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/351254.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
DC high voltage
composite insulator
glass-epoxy core
dielectric spectroscopy
Raman spectroscopy
Opis:
This article presents the results of an examination performed on a set of samples of glass-epoxy core rods used in composite insulators with silicone rubber housings. The goal of the examination was to test the aging resistance of the core material when exposed to Direct Current (DC) high voltage. Long term exposure of a glass-epoxy core rod to DC high voltage may lead to the gradual degradation of its mechanical properties due to the ion migrations. Electrolysis of the core material (glass fiber) may cause electrical breakdown of the insulators and consequently lead to a major failure. After being aged for 6000 hours under DC high voltage, the samples were subjected to microscopic analysis. Their chemical composition was also examined using Raman spectroscopy and their dielectric losses and conductance in the broad range of frequencies were tested using dielectric spectroscopy.
Źródło:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials; 2018, 63, 3; 1281-1286
1733-3490
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Acoustic examination of epoxy-glass insulator material
Autorzy:
Ranachowski, P.
Ranachowski, Z.
Rejmund, F.
Stankiewicz, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/176877.pdf
Data publikacji:
2005
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
composite insulator
epoxy-glass material
nondestructive ultrasonic measurements
acoustic emission
Opis:
Ultrasonic, microscopic and acoustic emission (AE) methods were applied to investigate the microstructure of composite rods, used as a carrying element of the medium voltage insulators. Such features of material structure as homogeneity level and the appearance of defects were discussed. The research was aimed at determining the influence of the technology of epoxy-glass fabrication on quality parameters of the insulator rods. The results of acoustic testing were compared with the effects of microscopic investigation.
Źródło:
Archives of Acoustics; 2005, 30, 1; 121-130
0137-5075
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Acoustics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Aluminous porcelain degradation study using mechanoacoustic and microscopic methods
Autorzy:
Ranachowski, P.
Rejmund, F.
Ranachowski, Z.
Pawełek, A.
Piątkowski, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/140868.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
porcelana
izolator ceramiczny
emisja akustyczna
analiza mikroskopowa
degradacja struktury
aluminous porcelain
ceramic insulators
insulator testing
acoustic emission
microscopic analysis
structural degradation
Opis:
This experimental paper comprises the results of acoustic emission (AE), microscopic and ultrasonic measurements of samples subjected to slowly increasing compressive stress. On the basis of conducted measurements the successive stages of the material structural degradation have been recognized. The objects of study were samples made of C 120 aluminous porcelain. The investigated material has found at present the application in the fabrication of technical elements like overhead power line insulators. In the case of such objects, not only high mechanical strength, but especially elevated durability as well as operational reliability are required. The expected "life time" of net insulators during exploitation is about 40 years. The analysis of obtained mechanoacoustic dependences pointed out a complex mechanism of degradation of the material. Microscopic investigation of samples, which were stressed to different levels of load, enabled to specify the development of gradual growth of microcracks and successive crushing out of elements of the structure. These processes appear to be similar to the ageing processes occurring in the material during long period of exploitation under a working load. Three stages of the structure degradation were distinguished. The preliminary and subcritical ones show low or moderate intensity of AE signals and considerable variety for the particular samples. The critical stage directly precedes the destructtion of samples. Its range is relatively narrow and reveals the AE activity of high energy. The effectiveness of dispersive and fibrous reinforcement of modern aluminous porcelain C 120 type has been described. Structural strengthening by corundum grains and mullite needle shaped crystals improves mechanical parameters and distinguishes this material from typical aluminosilicate ceramics. The presented results enable drawing up the conclusions concerning the resistance of investigated material to the ageing degradation process development during long term operation.
Źródło:
Archives of Electrical Engineering; 2011, 60, 2; 109-128
1427-4221
2300-2506
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Electrical Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Photoacoustic diagnostics of inhomogeneous gyrotropic materials with internal stress using Bessel light beams
Fotoakustyczna diagnostyka niejednorodnych żyroskopowych materiałów z wewnętrznymi naprężeniami z zastosowaniem laserowych wiązek Bessela
Autorzy:
Mityurich, G.
Aleksiejuk, M.
Ranachowski, P.
Pelivanov, I.
Serdyukov, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/352967.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
spektroskopia fotoakustyczna
laserowe wiązki Bessela
materiały żyroskopowe i magnetoaktywne
photoacoustic spectroscopy
Bessel light beams
magnetoactive gyrotropic materials
Opis:
This paper considers the investigation of photoacoustic transformation in naturally-gyrotropic and magnetoactive crystals, with internal stress under sound excitation in different modes by Bessel light beams (BLB). In the range of high modulation frequencies (? > 1 MHz), the dependence of the photoacoustic response amplitude on the radial coordinate ? exhibits resonant phenomenon, which can be used to increase the resolution of photoacoustic spectroscopy for media with internal stresses. The expressions for amplitudes of photoacoustic signals in strained crystalline samples were obtained under different boundary conditions, taking into account the dependence of the thermoelastic coupling coefficient on the initial strain in the sample. It was showed that a resonant increase in the amplitude signal is related to the dependence on the geometric parameters of the sample-piezoelectric transducer system, the values of Murnagan constants, the mode composition of the Bessel light beam, and its amplitude modulation frequency.
W pracy przedstawiono wyniki badań transformacji fotoakustycznej poprzez dźwięk generowany laserowymi wiązkami Bessela o różnych modach w kryształach naturalnie żyrotropowych i magnetoaktywnych, z wewnętrznymi naprężeniami. Stwierdzono, że w zakresie modulacji o wysokiej czestotliwosci ( > 1 MHz), zależność amplitudy odpowiedzi fotoakustycznej od radialnej współrzędnej wykazuje efekt rezonansowy. Efekt ten może być wykorzystany do podwyższenia rozdzielczości spektroskopii fotoakustycznej w ośrodkach z wewnętrznymi naprężeniami. Otrzymano wyrażenia na amplitudy sygnałów fotoakustycznych w próbkach krystalicznych z wewnętrznymi naprężeniami, przy różnych warunkach brzegowych. Brano przy tym pod uwagę zalezność współczynnika sprzężenia termoplastycznego od wewnętrznych naprężeń w próbce. Wykazano, że rezonansowy wzrost amplitudy sygnału jest zależny od geometrycznych parametrów układu próbka – przetwornik piezoelektryczny, wartości stałych Murnagana, modów wiązki Bessela i częstotliwości modulacji.
Źródło:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials; 2011, 56, 4; 1235-1242
1733-3490
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Study of factors determinant of siliceous electrical porcelain resistance to structural degradation
Autorzy:
Ranachowski, P.
Ranachowski, Z.
Kudela Jr., S.
Pawełek, A.
Piątkowski, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/351813.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
porcelain insulating materials
ageing processes
acoustic emission (AE)
optical microscopy
Opis:
The subject of this study was investigation of the factors that have a decisive influence on the resistance of siliceous porcelain to degradation processes. There was tested material C 110 type, which is widely used for the production of low-voltage (LV) elements such as insulators and bushings. On the basis of mechanical-acoustic and microscopic research of small-sized samples, which were subjected to compression, there were distinguished successive stages of degradation of the material structure. In the authors* opinion, they have a reference to the ageing process, taking place during many years of work under operating conditions. Thus, it was possible to assess the structural factors that determine the durability and reliability of LV electroinsulating elements. The results were related to electrical aluminous porcelains.
Źródło:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials; 2016, 61, 3; 1489-1496
1733-3490
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The Application of Acoustic Emission and Artificial Neural Networks in an Analysis of Kinetics in the Phase Transformation of Tool Steel During Austempering
Autorzy:
Łazarska, M.
Woźniak, T. Z.
Ranachowski, Z.
Ranachowski, P.
Trafarski, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/352705.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
carbon steel
austempering
lower bainite
acoustic emission (AE)
neural networks
Opis:
During the course of the study it involved tool steel C105U was used. The steel was austempered at temperatures of 130°C, 160°C and 180°C respectively. Methods of acoustic emission (AE) were used to investigate the resulting effects associated with transformations and a large number of AE events were registered. Neural networks were applied to analyse these phenomena. In the tested signal, three groups of events were identified of: high, medium and low energy. The average spectral characteristics enabled the power of the signal spectrum to be determined. After completing the process, the results were compiled in the form of diagrams of the relationship of the AE incidence frequency as a function of time. Based on the results, it was found that in the austempering of tool steel, in the first stage of transformation midrib morphology is formed. Midrib is a twinned thin plate martensite. In the 2nd stage of transformation, the intensity of the generation of medium energy events indicates the occurrence of bainite initialised by martensite. The obtained graphic of AE characteristics of tool steel austempering allow conclusions to be drawn about the kinetics and the mechanism of this transformation.
Źródło:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials; 2017, 62, 2A; 603-609
1733-3490
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Quasi-Static and Dynamic Testing of Carbon Fiber Reinforced Magnesium Composites
Autorzy:
Ranachowski, Z.
Ranachowski, P.
Brodecki, A.
Kopeć, M.
Kudela, S. jr.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/351742.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
Mg matrix composite
compressive properties
carbon fiber
Split-Hopkinson Pressure Bar
Opis:
Two types of composites, consisting of pure magnesium matrix reinforced with two commercially used carbon fibers, were systematically studied in this paper. The composites fabricated by the pressure infiltration method, were subjected to quasistatic and dynamic compression tests. Morphology of fiber strands was observed using scanning electron microscope (SEM). The application of carbon fibre reinforcement led to the stiffening of tested materials, resulting in the limitation of the possible compression to approx. 2.5%. The performed tests revealed the remarkable difference in compression strength of investigated compositions. The cause of that effect was that GRANOC fiber reinforced composite exhibited insufficient bond quality between the brittle fibers and the ductile matrix. T300 reinforced composite presented good connection between reinforcement and matrix resulting in increased mechanical properties. Investigated composites demonstrated higher mechanical strength during deformation at high strain rates. Microscopic observations also proved that the latter fibers with regular shape and dense packaging within the filaments are proper reinforcement when designing the lightweight composite material.
Źródło:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials; 2020, 65, 2; 893-899
1733-3490
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The Application of Neural Networks for Studying Phase Transformation by the Method of Acoustic Emission in Bearing Steel
Zastosowanie sieci neuronowych do badania przemian fazowych w stali łożyskowej metodą emisji akustycznej
Autorzy:
Woźniak, T. Z.
Ranachowski, Z.
Ranachowski, P.
Ozgowicz, W.
Trafarski, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/354378.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
bearing steel
austempering
lower bainite
acoustic emission
neural networks
łożyska stalowe
hartowanie
bainit dolny
emisja akustyczna
sieci neuronowe
Opis:
The research was carried out on steel 100CrMnSi6-4 under isothermal austempering resulting in forming the duplex structure: martensitic and bainitic. The kinetics of transformation was controlled by the acoustic emission method. Complex phase transformations caused by segregation and carbide banding occur at the low-temperature heat treatment of bearing steel. At the temperature close to Ms, a certain temperature range occurs where an effect of the first product of prior athermal martensite on the bainitic transformation can be observed. In the registered signal about 15 million various events were registered. There were considered three types of acoustic emission events (of high, medium and low energy), with relatively wide sections and with different spectral characteristics. It was found that the method of acoustic emission complemented by the application of neural networks is a sensitive tool to identify the kinetics of bainitic transformation and to show the interaction between martensitic and bainitic transformations.
Badania realizowano na stali 100CrMnSi6-4 poddanej hartowaniu izotermicznemu, prowadzacemu do utworzenia struktury duplex: martenzytyczno-bainitycznej. Kinetykę przemian kontrolowano metodą emisji akustycznej. Przy niskotemperaturowej obróbce cieplnej stali łożyskowej występują złożone przemiany fazowe spowodowane segregacją i pasmowością węglików. W temperaturze zbliżonej do Ms, występuje pewien zakres temperatury, gdzie zaznacza się oddziaływanie wcześniejszego produktu przemiany martenzytycznej na przemianę bainityczną. W zarejestrowanym sygnale zarejestrowano około 15 milionów różnych zdarzeń. Uwzgledniono trzy rodzaje zdarzeń emisji akustycznej (o wysokiej, średniej i niskiej energii) o względnie szerokich przedziałach, o różnej charakterystyce widmowej. Stwierdzono, że metoda emisji akustycznej uzupełniona o zastosowanie sieci neuronowych jest czułym narzędziem do identyfikacji kinetyki przemiany bainitycznej oraz oddziaływania przemiany martenzytycznej na przemianę bainityczną.
Źródło:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials; 2014, 59, 4; 1705-1712
1733-3490
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Study of Modified Aluminous Porcelain Subjected to Mechanoacoustic Tests
Autorzy:
Ranachowski, P.
Ranachowski, Z.
Wieczorek, K.
Jaroszewski, M.
Kudela, S. jr.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/355059.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
electrical porcelain materials
ageing processes
acoustic emission
AE
optical microscopy
Opis:
The paper presents the microscopic and mechanoacoustic study of degradation processes of the porcelain material C 130 type. This kind of material is used in the production of the most durable and reliable electrotechnical elements. Raw material composition of the studied porcelain was modified. This had an impact on the inner properties, cohesion and – in consequence – on operational properties of the material. Using mechanical-acoustic and microscopic methods of testing of small-size samples that were subjected to compression, it was possible to distinguish successive stages of degradation of the porcelain structure. These stages were generally typical of the porcelain materials. In the authors’ opinion, they are connected to the ageing process happening over many years of work under operating conditions. Optimization of composition and technological properties – important during technological processes – resulted in a slight decrease in inner cohesion of the porcelain. When compared to the reference material – typical domestic C 130 material, mechanical strength was somewhat lower. Carried out investigations proved that resistance of the investigated material to the ageing degradation process – during long term operation – also decreased. The improvement of technological parameters and the reduction in the number of defective elements occurred simultaneously with some decrease in the operational parameters of the material. To restore their initial high level, further work is needed to optimize the raw material composition of the porcelain.
Źródło:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials; 2018, 63, 4; 1821-1826
1733-3490
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Mechanoacoustic and microscopic study of aluminous porcelain resistance to structural degradation
Mechanoakustyczne i mikroskopowe badania odporności porcelany wysokoglinowej na degradację struktury
Autorzy:
Ranachowski, P.
Rejmund, F.
Ranachowski, Z.
Pawełek, A.
Piątkowski, A.
Kudela, S.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/352978.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
porcelana wysokoglinowa
degradacja struktury
emisja akustyczna
analiza mikroskopowa
aluminous porcelain
structural degradation
acoustic emission (AE)
microscopic analysis
Opis:
The paper presents mechanoacoustic and microscopic testing of degradation processes of modern C 120 electrotechnical porcelain of domestic medium voltage line insulator. Samples of small dimensions, cut off from the rod of insulator, were subjected to compressive loading, with recording of acoustic emission descriptors. Microscopic analysis enabled determining the advancement of degradation effects. Three stages of the structure degradation were distinguished. The effectiveness of dispersive and fibrous reinforcement of modern aluminous porcelain C 120 type has been described. Structural strengthening by corundum grains and mullite needle shaped crystals improves mechanical parameters and distinguishes this material from typical aluminosilicate ceramics. The presented results enable drawing up the conclusions concerning the resistance of investigated material to the ageing degradation process development during long term operation.
W pracy przedstawiono mechanoakustyczne i mikroskopowe badania procesów degradacji w nowoczesnym tworzywie porcelanowym rodzaju C 120 liniowego izolatora SN. Małogabarytowe próbki, wycięte z pnia izolatora, były quasi-statycznie ściskane z jednoczesną rejestracją deskryptorów emisji akustycznej. Badania mikroskopowe ściskanych próbek wykorzystano do opisu mechanizmu degradacji tworzywa. Wyróżniono trzy kolejne etapy degradacji struktury tworzywa. Stwierdzono wysoką krótko- i długotrwałą odporność materiału izolatora w porównaniu do typowych tworzyw rodzaju C 120. Jest to wynikiem skutecznego dyspersyjnego i włóknistego wzmocnienia struktury czerepu badanej porcelany
Źródło:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials; 2011, 56, 4; 1127-1233
1733-3490
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Degradation Processes in Shield-Centring Elements of Surge Arresters
Autorzy:
Papliński, P.
Śmietanka, H.
Ranachowski, P.
Ranachowski, Zbigniew
Wieczorek, K.
Kudela, S. jr.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2203744.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
surge arrester
TSE glass textolite
discharge current
EDS method
Opis:
This paper presents the results of testing samples of shield-centering elements from medium-voltage surge arresters. The elements were made of TSE glass textolite. The elements have been dismantled from different operated surge arresters, which were subjected to discharge currents (short-circuit currents) of different intensity and duration. The discharge currents led to degradation of the tested elements with various degrees of advancement. The degradation was investigated using microscopic methods and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). Changes in the content of elements of the surface of textolite materials - as the degradation progresses - were documented. It was found that high discharge current flows resulted in melting of the organic binder, epoxy resin, especially its surface layer. Partial charring and even burning of the resin was noticeable. Furthermore, it was found that with increasing degradation on the surface of the TSE laminate, the carbon and oxygen content, which are part of the organic resin, decreases. Simultaneously the amount of silicon, calcium and aluminium, which are present in the glass fibres, increases. The charring effect of the resin and the formation of conductive paths result in a decrease in the performance of surge arresters and their subsequent failure.
Źródło:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials; 2023, 68, 1; 237--242
1733-3490
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Wyświetlanie 1-15 z 26

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