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Tytuł:
Composition of organic matter and thermal maturity of Mesozoic and Cenozoic sedimentary rocks in East Herzegovina (External Dinarides, Bosnia and Herzegovina)
Autorzy:
Aleksić, Nikoleta
Kostić, Alaksandar
Radonjić, Miloš
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2055865.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Geologiczne
Tematy:
petroleum
Rock-Eval
vitrinite reflectance
maceral
thermal maturity
Opis:
This paper presents the first data on the organic matter and thermal maturity of Mesozoic and Cenozoic sedimentary rocks in the East Herzegovina region of the External Dinarides. Representative, organic-rich samples from outcropping sedimentary rocks of different ages in the area (Triassic to Neogene) were selected and analysed. The organic matter was studied by Rock-Eval pyrolysis and under the microscope in reflected non-polarized light and incident blue light. The results obtained show the presence of different types of organic matter in the area and thermal maturity stages from immature (Cenozoic) to early mature (Mesozoic). Vitrinite is abundant in the samples analysed, with the exception of Cretaceous samples that contain mostly lamalginite and bituminite. While measured vitrinite reflectance in end-member samples (Triassic shale 0.78 % Rr and Neogene coal 0.34% Rr) are in good correlation with the T max parameter from Rock-Eval pyrolysis. T max generally shows lower values in most Mesozoic samples. The organic petrographic data indicate that specific kerogen in Cretaceous and some Triassic sedimentary rocks is a probable reason for the significantly lower T max values. In addition, the results of pyrolysis documented before and after extraction revealed that free hydrocarbons (bitumen) in the surface samples analysed suppress the T max values.
Źródło:
Annales Societatis Geologorum Poloniae; 2021, 91, 4; 375--388
0208-9068
Pojawia się w:
Annales Societatis Geologorum Poloniae
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Organic-matter vitrinite reflectance variability in the Outer Carpathians, Poland : relationship to tectonic evolution
Autorzy:
Zielińska, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2060360.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Państwowy Instytut Geologiczny – Państwowy Instytut Badawczy
Tematy:
Outer Carpathians
organic matter
thermal maturity
vitrinite reflectance
Opis:
Random vitrinite reflectance of allochthonous plant material varies throughout all the flysch sedimentary units of the Outer Western Carpathians. The vitrinite reflectance of coalified phytogenic matter is variable even within the same lithostratigraphic unit. There is no clear relationship between random vitrinite reflectance and stratigraphy (age of particular strata) within surface samples. The typical pattern of increasing random reflectance with depth in boreholes is unsettled by Rro “jumps” which occur within folds and overthrusts. However, this study revealed a trend of increasing random vitrinite reflectance from north to south in the area of the Magura Unit. A compressional regime involving phases of uplift and burial, varying from place to place in the flysch basin, was the main factor influencing coalification. The initial maturity of organic matter transported to the marine environment was a secondary factor. A degree of coalification had occurred in the flysch sediments prior to the main stage of fold-and-thrust movements associated with the phase of maximum tectonic subsidence at the end of the Eocene. It is generally assumed that coalified plant material dispersed in sedimentary rocks experienced the same physical and chemical changes as those in larger accumulations of coal. Coalification of phytogenic material coeval with flysch in the Outer Carpathians corresponds to the interval from sub-bituminous to low-medium-rank bituminous coal.
Źródło:
Geological Quarterly; 2017, 61, 1; 214--226
1641-7291
Pojawia się w:
Geological Quarterly
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The Cambrian of the western part of the Pomeranian Caledonides foreland, Peribaltic Syneclise : microfloral evidence
Autorzy:
Szczepanik, Z.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2059447.pdf
Data publikacji:
2000
Wydawca:
Państwowy Instytut Geologiczny – Państwowy Instytut Badawczy
Tematy:
Peribaltic Syneclise
Caledonides
Cambrian
biostratigraphy
acritarchs
thermal maturity
Opis:
This paper describes the microfloral succession in Cambrian deposits in the Kościerzyna IG 1 and Gdańsk IG 1 boreholes drilled in the western part of the Peribaltic Syneclise, immediately adjoining the T-T Zone in the Pomeranian Caledonides foreland. Both these boreholes have yielded abundant acritarch assemblages that allow the partial zonation of the Lower and Middle Cambrian deposits. The Cambrian deposits of the Kościerzyna IG 1 borehole comprise the following microfloral zones: Asteridium tornatum-Comasphaeridium velvetum, Skiagia ornata-Fimbriaglomerella membranacea and Heliosphaeridium dissimilare-Skiagia ciliosa. The Volkovia dentifera-Liepaina plana Zone may also be present. The Acadoparadoxides pinus Zone (upper part of the A. oelandicus Superzone), well documented by trilobites, might correlate with the Cristallinium cambriense-Eliasum Superzone. This conflicts with the findings of Jankauskas and Lendzion (1992), who restricted the range of the commonly occurring C. cambriense (Slavikova) only to the Paradoxides paradoxissimus Superzone and younger deposits. The Lower Cambrian Skiagia-Fimbriaglomerella and (or) Heliosphaeridium-Skiagia Zones have been documented in the Gdańsk IG 1 borehole. As in the Kościerzyna IG 1 borehole, abundant Middle Cambrian acritarchs of the C. cambriense-Eliasum Superzone define the presence of rocks not older than equivalents of the A. pinus Zone. Palynomorphs from the Kościerzyna IG 1 borehole correspond to stage 6 of the AMOCO thermal alteration scale, i.e. to palaeotemperatures considerably exceeding 100°C. The maximum palaeotemperature of the Cambrian rocks at Gdańsk has not exceeded 100°C.
Źródło:
Geological Quarterly; 2000, 44, 3; 261-273
1641-7291
Pojawia się w:
Geological Quarterly
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Palynofacies analysis, sedimentology and hydrocarbon potential of the Menilite Beds (Oligocene) in the Slovakian and Romanian Outer Carpathians
Autorzy:
Filipek, Anna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2060248.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Państwowy Instytut Geologiczny – Państwowy Instytut Badawczy
Tematy:
Menilite Beds
palynofacies
UV fluorescence
thermal maturity
Carpathians
Opis:
The sedimentary organic matter (SOM) assemblages and sedimentology of the Menilite Beds from the Dukla, Grybów and Vrancea units in the Slovakian and Romanian Outer Carpathians are described. Qualitative and quantitative analyses of the SOM help ascertain depositional conditions, while the thermal maturity of the organic matter studied is estimated utilizing the Spore Colour Index and UV light excitation techniques. The sedimentary organic particles were grouped into ten SOM categories: marine palynomorphs (dinoflagellate cysts), sporomorphs (saccate and non-saccate, pollen and spores), freshwater algae (Botryococcus sp., and other freshwater microplankton), phytoclasts (cuticles, translucent wood, opaque wood), resin and amorphous organic matter (AOM). All samples are dominated by AOM. The presence of Botryococcus sp., Pediastrum sp., Pterospermella sp. and Campenia sp., in some samples points to deposition under hyposaline conditions. It is interpreted that the freshwater influx induced water column stratification in the basin, leading to the development of dysoxic to anoxic bottom-water conditions that enhanced the preservation of AOM. Kerogen analysis in UV light and evaluation using the Spore Colour Index demonstrated different thermal maturation patterns from the Slovakian (post-mature) and Romanian (immature) sections. Integrated palynofacies analysis (notably, the presence of freshwater algae) and sedimentological observations (e.g., hummocky cross-stratification) lead to the conclusion that the deposition of the Menilite Beds in the Vrancea Unit (Romania) was relatively proximal to the shoreline, above storm wave base, whereas the Slovakian units (Dukla and Grybów) were deposited in a more distal setting.
Źródło:
Geological Quarterly; 2020, 64, 3; 589--610
1641-7291
Pojawia się w:
Geological Quarterly
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Geochemical interpretation and comparison of biomarker composition of bitumens obtained from coals and surrounding rocks
Autorzy:
Matuszewska, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1204922.pdf
Data publikacji:
2002
Wydawca:
Państwowy Instytut Geologiczny – Państwowy Instytut Badawczy
Tematy:
coal
coal shales
bitumens
biomarkers
GC-MS
thermal maturity
Opis:
The bitumens obtained as the extraction products from a series of coals and surrounding rocks samples were fractionated onto aliphatic, aromatic and polar fractions. Aliphatic and aromatic fractions were then submitted to analysis using modern gas chromatography - mass spectrometry method. The distribution of n-alkanes was compared and parameters values characterising conditions of sedimentation and type of primary organic matter were calculated. In aliphatic fractions, a series of biomarkers was also identified as steranes, diasteranes, tricyclic diterpanes, hopanes and moretanes. The relatively high content of diasteranes was observed in the bitumens from shales bordering on coals. It confirms the literature data indicating possibility of catalytic influence of claystones on arrangement of steranes to diasteranes. The values of parameters calculated from the data characterising distribution of hopanes have indicated a possibility of generation of oils by some of analysed coals: flame as well as orthocoking coals.The aromatic compounds were also identified, mainly phenanthrenes being an important stage of aromatisation process of fossil organic matter.The comparison of characteristics of bitumens obtained from coals and surrounding rocks suggests a possibility of migration of various groups of organic compounds from coal layers to rocks bordering on them. The migration of organic mobile matter seems to be as well a result of a great difference of concentration between coal and surrounding rocks layers as of action of circulating waters or hydrothermal solutions. The temperature gradient and local intrusive bodies are of great significance for processes of oil migration. The examinations and conclusions presented in this work should be, however, taken as the introductory ones and have to be confirmed by analysis of a greater number of samples of various geological characteristics.
Źródło:
Polish Geological Institute Special Papers; 2002, 7; 169-180
1507-9791
Pojawia się w:
Polish Geological Institute Special Papers
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Thermal maturity and depositional environments of organic matter in the post-Variscan succession of the Holy Cross Mountains
Autorzy:
Marynowski, L.
Salamon, R.
Narkiewicz, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2059919.pdf
Data publikacji:
2002
Wydawca:
Państwowy Instytut Geologiczny – Państwowy Instytut Badawczy
Tematy:
Holy Cross Mountains
Permian
Triassic
biomarkers
depositional environment
thermal maturity
Opis:
The results of GC-MS investigations of biomarkers in organic matter from the epicontinental Permian and Triassic strata of the Holy Cross Mts. indicate generally suboxic (Permian) and oxic (Triassic, except for the Middle Muschelkalk) depositional environments with accompanying intensive bacterial reworking of organic remains. The biomarker spectra found in the Middle Muschelkalk and in the Entolium discites Beds (Upper Muschelkalk) show the presence of gammacerane, an increased concentration of C34 homohopanes and a Pr/Ph ratio not exceeding 1. All these observations suggest a hypersaline sedimentary environment with water column stratification and poorly oxygenated conditions. Thermal maturity investigations were based on both vitrinite reflectance and biomarker indices. The organic matter in the Triassic succession is slightly more mature along the northern margin of the Holy Cross Mts. than along their southern part, due probably to a regional increase in the maximum burial depth during the Mesozoic. The maturity of the Permian strata at Gałęzice (southern Holy Cross Mts.) is similar to that of the Triassic rocks whereas Kajetanów (in the north) is characterised by values significantly higher and comparable to those found in wells further north. The difference cannot be accounted for solely by differential burial depths, and implies the existence of a positive thermal anomaly active before the Middle Triassic. Our investigations generally confirmed the low thermal maturity of the Triassic. However, contrary to earlier interpretations, we suggest that the maximum burial depths based on a reconstructed thickness of the post-Triassic deposits may account for the observed maturity levels, assuming that geothermal gradients in the Mesozoic were similar to today's.
Źródło:
Geological Quarterly; 2002, 46, 1; 25-36
1641-7291
Pojawia się w:
Geological Quarterly
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The Ordovician acritarchs of the Pomeranian Caledonides and their foreland - similarities and differences
Autorzy:
Szczepanik, Z.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2059446.pdf
Data publikacji:
2000
Wydawca:
Państwowy Instytut Geologiczny – Państwowy Instytut Badawczy
Tematy:
Peribaltic Syneclise
West Pomeranian Caledonides
Ordovician
acritarchs
stratigraphy
thermal maturity
Opis:
Ordovician acritarch assemblages of the West Pomeranian Caledonides and their platformal foreland in the Peribaltic Syneclise immediately adjoining the T-T Zone were investigated. Material come from the Ordovician section of the Kościerzyna IG 1, Lębork IG 1 and Gdańsk IG 1 boreholes drilled in the marginal part of the East European Craton, though acritarchs were found only in two samples from the Gdańsk IG 1 borehole. In general, microflora was abundant and the investigations supported current ideas on the stratigraphical level of these rocks. The acritarch assemblages from the Gdańsk IG 1 borehole, found at a depth of 3214.8 m, contain species of Baltisphaeridium, characteristic of the Llanvirn and described by Górka from the eastern part of the Peribaltic Syneclise and the Podlasie Depression. The abundant microflora from West Pomerania contains index taxa of the uppermost Llanvirn (Llandeilo) and Caradoc. Numerous palynomorph associations from the Ordovician rocks of the Koszalin-Chojnice Zone can be divided into three local microfloral zones, using quantitative data, and these may be useful for local stratigraphical correlations. Acritarch assemblages on either side of the T-T Zone show many similarities and suggest that, in the late Llanvirn and Caradoc, there was little palaeogeographic separation between the sedimentary basins of Baltica and West Pomerania; at least, their palaeolatitudinal positions were similar. The thermal maturity of Ordovician organic matter (low and moderate) is also similar in both these areas. The highest heat flow values seem to be characteristic of the western part of the Peribaltic Syneclise, adjoining the T-T Zone. The degree of their thermal alterations in the West Pomeranian Caledonides is surprisingly low when the strong tectonic deformation and considerable depth of the Ordovician rocks are taken into account. The high morphological diversity of the acritarch assemblages, the presence of Baltisphaeridium and Ordovicidium, and especially of abundant Veryhachium, suggest that microflora from the Koszalin-Chojnice Zone represents an open-marine depositional palaeoenvironment, distant from the coast.
Źródło:
Geological Quarterly; 2000, 44, 3; 275-295
1641-7291
Pojawia się w:
Geological Quarterly
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Source rock potential of the Miocene sedimentary rocks in the Carpathian Foredeep of the Czech Republic
Autorzy:
Geršlová, Eva
Medvecká, Lujza
Jirman, Petr
Nehyba, Slavomír
Opletal, Vladimir
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2087030.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Państwowy Instytut Geologiczny – Państwowy Instytut Badawczy
Tematy:
Carpathian Foredeep
Miocene
organic petrography
thermal maturity
kerogen type
source rock potential
Opis:
We determine the organic matter content, its thermal maturity, genetic type, and source rock potential of the Miocene sedimentary rocks in the Czech Carpathian Foredeep. In the Czech Republic the Carpathian Foredeep represents a peripheral foreland basin formed due to the tectonic emplacement and loading of the Alpine-Carpathian Thrust Wedge onto the passive margin of the Bohemian Massif. Random vitrinite/huminite reflectance measurements and maceral analyses were performed on 25 samples from the Carpathian Foredeep succession. Additionally, results of 135 TOC content measurements, 141 Rock-Eval pyrolysis analyses and 27 vitrinite reflectance measurements were used to evaluate the regional distribution and depth trends for the entire Carpathian Foredeep. The thermal maturity of organic matter is between the immature part and peak of the oil window (Tmax = 413–448°C). Beneath the Western Carpathian Thrust Belt, the thermal maturity reaches higher values (Rr = 0.43–0.58%, Tmax = 429–448°C). The hydrocarbon generation potential is poor or fair, even if the total organic carbon values indicate good or even very good source rock potential. This is mainly due to the prevailing gas-prone Type III kerogen. The best source rocks were observed in the Miocene strata of the southern and central segments of the area discussed.
Źródło:
Geological Quarterly; 2022, 66, 1; art. no. 1
1641-7291
Pojawia się w:
Geological Quarterly
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Hydrocarbon generation modelling in the Permian and Triassic strata of the Polish Basin: implications for hydrocarbon potential assessment
Autorzy:
Botor, Dariusz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/31342965.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023
Wydawca:
Państwowy Instytut Geologiczny – Państwowy Instytut Badawczy
Tematy:
hydrocarbon potential
kerogen transformation ratio
thermal maturity modelling
Polish Basin
Permian
Triassic
Opis:
Hydrocarbon generation in the Zechstein Main Dolomite and Upper Triassic potential source rocks of the Polish Basin was investigated by 1-D thermal maturity modelling in 90 boreholes across the basin. This identified major zones potentially worthy of further exploration efforts. The maximum burial depth of the Zechstein Main Dolomite and Upper Triassic reached >5 km during the Late Cretaceous leading to maximum thermal maturity of organic matter. Hydrocarbon generation development reveals considerable differences between particular zones of the Zechstein Main Dolomite and Upper Triassic. The kerogen transformation ratio (TR) in the Zechstein Main Dolomite reached values approaching 100% along the basin axis. The TR in the Upper Triassic source rocks is generally lower than in the Zechstein Main Dolomite due to lesser burial. The Upper Triassic source rocks have the highest TR values (>50%) along the basin axis, in the area between boreholes Piła IG 1 and Piotrków Trybunalski IG 1, with the most pronounced zone in the Krośniewice Trough (i.e., between the Krośniewice IG 1 and Budziszewice IG 1 boreholes), where the TR reached >90%. The Zechstein Main Dolomite and Upper Triassic entered the oil window in the Late Triassic to Early–Middle Jurassic, respectively. Hydrocarbon generation continued until the Late Cretaceous, and was completed during tectonic inversion of the basin.
Źródło:
Geological Quarterly; 2023, 67, 2; art. no. 20
1641-7291
Pojawia się w:
Geological Quarterly
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Analiza osadów ilasto-mułowcowych w Polsce pod kątem możliwości występowania w nich niekonwencjonalnych nagromadzeń gazu ziemnego
Analysis of shale gas potential of siltstone and mudstone formations in Poland
Autorzy:
Poprawa, P.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2062677.pdf
Data publikacji:
2010
Wydawca:
Państwowy Instytut Geologiczny – Państwowy Instytut Badawczy
Tematy:
zawartość TOC
dojrzałość termiczna
gaz w łupkach
TOC contents
thermal maturity
shale gas
Opis:
Analizowano formacje ilasto-mułowcowe o podwyższonej zawartości węgla organicznego w basenach sedymentacyjnych w Polsce pod kątem możliwości występowania w nich gazu ziemnego. Wysoki stopień deformacji tektonicznych łupków menilitowych w Karpatach zewnętrznych, a w mniejszym stopniu również łupków karbonu dolnego w strefie monokliny przedsudeckiej, ogranicza możliwość eksploatacji z nich gazu ziemnego. Osady ilasto-mułowcowe mioceńskiego zapadliska przedkarpackiego są nieperspektywiczne dla występowania gazu ziemnego w łupkach z uwagi na niską zawartość TOC oraz niski stopień konsolidacji. Osady ilasto-mułowcowe od najwyższej jury do najniższej kredy, jury dolnej i środkowej oraz retyku w basenie polskim, a także dolnopermskie łupki antrakozjowe i walchiowe w niecce śródsudeckiej charakteryzują się ogólnie zbyt niską dojrzałością termiczną do powstania złóż gazu. Górnopermskie łupki miedzionośne oraz ilasto-margliste odmiany facjalne dolomitu głównego w basenie polskim mają zbyt małą miąższość. Niska dojrzałość termiczna cechuje także łupki występujące w obrębie górnokarbońskich basenów węglowych, tj. w basenie lubelskim oraz we wschodniej części basenu górnośląskiego. W obu basenach brak jest ponadto homogenicznych kompleksów iłowcowych o dużej miąższości. Łupki w obrębie utworów najwyższego dewonu i najniższego karbonu na Pomorzu Zachodnim charakteryzują się stosunkowo niską zawartością węgla organicznego. Największe prawdopodobieństwo występowania gazu ziemnego stwierdzono dla łupków syluru dolnego i ordowiku górnego na kratonie wschodnioeuropejskim. Dolnokarbońskie łupki w obrębie utworów kulmowych strefy wielkopolskiej w rejonie monokliny przedsudeckiej stanowią drugorzędny cel prac poszukiwawczych.
Shale gas potential of organic rich claystone and mudstone formation from the sedimentary basins in Poland was analyzed. Intensive tectonic deformation of the Outer Carpathian Menilite shale, as well as their often low thermal maturity, are limits for shale gas exploration. To a lesser degree this is truth also for the Lower Carboniferous shale in the Wielkopolska zone (SW Poland). Claystone and mudstone in the Miocene foredeep basin of Carpathians are not consolidated and have too low TOC. The uppermost Jurassic to lowermost Cretaceous shale and the Lower and Middle Jurassic shale in the Polish Basin, as well as the Lower Permian Antracosia and Walchia shale in the Intra-Sudetic basin, are generally characterized by too low thermal maturity for gas generation. Thickness of the Upper Permian Copper shale as well as the Upper Permian Main Dolomite in shaly and marly development is too low to be considered as shale gas targets. Low thermal maturity is characteristic also for the Upper Carboniferous shale in the Lublin basins, and in the eastern part of the Upper Silesian Basin. Both the basins lack thick homogenous shale formation. The uppermost Devonian to lowermost Carboniferous shale in the Western Pomerania is characterized by too low TOC contents. The highest potential of shale gas exploration is related to the Upper Ordovician and/or Lower Silurian graptolitic shale at the East European Craton. The Lower Carboniferous shale in the Fore-Sudetic Monocline area is regarded as a secondary target.
Źródło:
Biuletyn Państwowego Instytutu Geologicznego; 2010, 439 (1); 159--172
0867-6143
Pojawia się w:
Biuletyn Państwowego Instytutu Geologicznego
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Comparative petrography and organic geochemistry of different types of organic matter occurring in the Outer Carpathians rocks
Autorzy:
Zielińska, Magdalena
Fabiańska, Monika
Więcław, Dariusz
Misz-Kennan, Magdalena
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2058565.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Państwowy Instytut Geologiczny – Państwowy Instytut Badawczy
Tematy:
Polish Outer Carpathians
redeposited organic matter
organic matter petrography
thermal maturity
biomarkers
Rock-Eval
Opis:
The characterization of organic matter (OM) in sedimentary rocks is important in many types of biological, geological and environmental research. The integrated use of microscopy and geochemistry, as here, is particularly useful in any attempt to define the origin and evolution of OM in sedimentary basins. The organic petrography and geochemistry different types of allogenic and authigenic OM from the Polish Outer Carpathian (POC) rocks were studied in present study to compare their genetic type, thermal maturity, depositional environment and post-sedimentation processes. Special attention was paid to redeposited coal clasts occurrences. The used techniques show differences in organic matter type originating from various sources. The organic petrography analysis shows that redeposited coal clasts (CC) and terrigenous organic matter (TOM) are composed predominantly of woody material (the gas-prone Type-III kerogen). Similar results were obtained during the Rock-Eval pyrolysis. Moreover, the GC-MS analysis of extracts indicated the additional source of OM, namely planktonic organic matter (POM) with oil-prone kerogen Type-I or II. This OM is in some cases high thermally mature and could potentially has allochthonous origin. The n-alkane, saturated and aromatic biomarker data revealed deposition of this POM in anoxic deltaic or close-shore sedimentary environments whereas the redeposited coal clasts were probably originally deposited in coal swamps as were the Upper Silesian bituminous coals.
Źródło:
Geological Quarterly; 2020, 64, 1; 165--184
1641-7291
Pojawia się w:
Geological Quarterly
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Biomarkery, Tmax oraz refleksyjność witrynitu jako wskaźniki dojrzałości termicznej materii organicznej w skałach osadowych – korelacje i zakres stosowalności
Biomarkers, Tmax and vitrinite reflectance as organic matter thermal maturity indices in sedimentary rocks – correlations and scope of applicability
Autorzy:
Bieleń, W.
Matyasik, I.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1835259.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Instytut Nafty i Gazu - Państwowy Instytut Badawczy
Tematy:
dojrzałość termiczna
materia organiczna
refleksyjność witrynitu
biomarkery
thermal maturity
organic matter
vitrinite reflectance
biomarkers
Opis:
Niniejsza praca przedstawia zależności między różnymi wskaźnikami określającymi stopień dojrzałości termicznej materii organicznej. W badaniach wykorzystano pomiar refleksyjności witrynitu (Ro), pomiar Tmax z analizy Rock-Eval, molekularne wskaźniki dojrzałości otrzymane z analizy GC-MS frakcji nasyconej i aromatycznej ekstrahowanej substancji organicznej. Wzięto pod uwagę próbki zawierające witrynit, a także takie, które w składzie (głównie próbki dolnopaleozoiczne) zawierały macerały witrynitopo- dobne lub bituminit. Wykonano analizę korelacyjną między wskaźnikami stopnia dojrzałości dla próbek fliszu karpackiego oraz próbek reprezentujących utwory syluru i ordowiku oraz kambru górnego. Wyniki tych badań przedstawiono w postaci diagramów korelacyjnych oraz tabel korelacyjnych z obliczonymi współczynnikami korelacji.
This study was aimed to determine the relationship between the various thermal indices determining the degree of organic matter maturity. In the correlation studies, vitrinite reflectance Ro, Tmax parameter from Rock-Eval analysis and indicators calculated obtained from the from the GCMS analysis data of aromatic and saturated fractions were used. For these studies samples containing macerals of vitrinite as well as samples containing vitrinite-like macerals in their composition were taken into account. An analysis of the relationship between indicators of the degree of maturity for samples representing: flysch Carpathian and for Silurian, Ordovician and Cambrian rocks was done. The results of these studies are presented in the form of correlation diagrams and tables with calculated correlation coefficients.
Źródło:
Nafta-Gaz; 2018, 74, 8; 575-583
0867-8871
Pojawia się w:
Nafta-Gaz
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Geochemical characteristics, thermal maturity and source rock potential of the Oligocene Šitbořice Member of the Menilite Formation in the Ždánice Unit (Czech Republic)
Autorzy:
Jirman, P.
Geršlová, E.
Pupp, M.
Bubík, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2060076.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Państwowy Instytut Geologiczny – Państwowy Instytut Badawczy
Tematy:
Šitbořice Member
Menilite Formation
Outer Flysch Carpathians
source rock potential
thermal maturity
organic petrography
Opis:
Rocks deposited in the Oligocene Paratethys are recognized as one of the most important source rocks in the Flysch Carpathians. The Šitbořice Member (uppermost NP23 to lowermost NP25 zone) represents the upper part of the Menilite Formation in the Outer Flysch Carpathians of the Czech Republic. This paper presents results of bulk geochemical analysis, Rock-Eval pyrolysis and organic petrography. The geochemical evaluation, source rock potential, kerogen type and thermal maturity were studied using borehole cores. Based on the classification of Peters (1986), the evaluated Šitbořice Member is mostly classified as a “very good” source rock according to TOC and variable, mostly “poor” to “good” according to the petroleum potential. However, the average petroleum potential value assigned the member to “good” source rock which is in accordance with the TOC classification if the “live” TOC is used. A comparable distribution between kerogen type II and III has been indicated by HI. Unlike this, the organic petrography observations show the organic matter belongs to the kerogen type II which corresponds to the relationship of residual hydrocarbon potential versus TOC and HI calculated based on “live” organic carbon. Presumed immaturity was confirmed by Rr and Rock-Eval Tmax. Oxygen-restricted conditions ora dysoxic environment have been indicated by the TOC/TS ratio.
Źródło:
Geological Quarterly; 2018, 62, 4; 858--872
1641-7291
Pojawia się w:
Geological Quarterly
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Zmienność stopnia uwęglenia materii organicznej rozproszonej w utworach karbonu wzdłuż brzegu platformy wschodnioeuropejskiej Polski
Alteration of the coalification degree of the organic matter dispersed in the Carboniferous sediments along border of the East-European Craton in Poland
Autorzy:
Grotek, I.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2063363.pdf
Data publikacji:
2005
Wydawca:
Państwowy Instytut Geologiczny – Państwowy Instytut Badawczy
Tematy:
materia organiczna
witrynit
refleksyjność witrynitu
dojrzałość termiczna
paleotemperatura
karbon
organic matter
vitrinite
reflectivity
thermal maturity
paleotemperature
Carboniferous
Opis:
W pracy przedstawiono wyniki badań mikroskopowych materii organicznej rozproszonej w karbońskich skałach osadowych, przy zastosowaniu światła odbitego białego oraz niebieskiego (fluorescencja). Głównym celem badań było: identyfikacja i charakterystyka składników organicznych występujących w utworach karbonu wzdłuż tektonicznej strefy Teisseyre'a-Tornquista; określenie stopnia uwęglenia materii organicznej na podstawie refleksyjności witrynitu lub składników witrynitopodobnych (bitumin); określenie warunków paleotermicznych badanych utworów karbonu oraz określenie stref generacji węglowodorów (niedojrzałej, generacji ropy naftowej, generacji gazów, przejrzałej). Badany kompleks karboński zawiera głównie materiał humusowy (tzw. gazotwórczy) bogaty w macerały witrynitu, inertynitu i liptynitu (sporynit, kutynit, liptodetrynit). "Ropotwórczy" materiał organiczny składający się z fluoryzującej, bezstrukturalnej asocjacji organiczno-mineralnej typu sapropelowego z bituminem, bituminitem i alginitem występuje w osadach dolnego karbonu (formacje Sąpolna i Gozdu w strefie Koszalin-Wierzchowo oraz Huczwy i Terebina na obszarze lubelskim). Dojrzałość termiczna badanej materii organicznej waha się od >0,5%R/o, r, do powyżej 3,0%R/o, r. Wartości te charakteryzują fazy generacji węglowodorów od niedojrzałej po przejrzałą. "Okno ropne" obejmuje większą część badanego obszaru. Wyjątek stanowią niedojrzałe do generowania węglowodorów utwory przy północno-wschodniej granicy karbonu, strefa "okna gazowego" w pasie Moracz-Zabartowo i Przysucha-Żerechowa oraz strefa osadów przejrzałych związana z południowo-zachodnią granicą badanego rejonu. Badane wskaźniki wykazują wzrost wartości w kierunku południowym i południowo-zachodnim (NW obrzeżenie Gór Świętokrzyskich), zgodnie z kierunkiem pogrążenia utworów karbonu. Rozkład paleotemperatur koreluje się również z maksymalną głębokością pogrążenia osadów karbonu. Obserwowane wartości R/o, r, CAI i T/max wskazują na paleotemperatury rzędu 50-130 stopni Celsjusza (Pomorze w strefie Koszalin-Wierzchowo i Lubelszczyzna) oraz 120-200 stopni Celsjusza (Pomorze w strefie w strefie Moracz-Byczyna oraz NW obrzeżenie Gór Świętokrzyskich).
Microscopic studies in reflected white light and fluorescence investigations of organic matter dispersed in the sedimentary rocks were applied in this dissertation. The main purpose of this study was: characterisation and identification of various organic constituents which occur in successions of the Carboniferous sediments along the Teisseyre-Tornquist tectonic zone in Poland; determination of the degree of organic matter coalification (thermal maturity), bassed essentially on the reflectance of vitrinite and dispersed vitrinite like particles (bitumen); estimation the palaeogeothermal conditions of the investigated Carboniferous deposits; determination the zones of petroleum generation (immature, oil window, gas window, overmature). The studied Carboniferous series contains mainly humic ("gas prone") material rich in vitrinite, inertinite and liptinite macerals (sporinite, cutinite, liptodetrinite). "Oil prone" organic matter, consist of: structureless organo-mineral associations spropelic type with bitumens, bituminite and alginite, were observed in the Lower Carboniferous deposits (Sąpolno and Gozd formations on the Koszalin-Wierzchowo zone or Huczwa and Terebin formations on the Lublin area). Thermal maturity of the studied organic matter vary between less than 0.5% R/o, r to about 3.0% R/o, r. The above values characterize immature to overmature stages of hydrocarbon generation. The oil window extends over most of the study area, except for immature northern part, gas window zones (Moracz-Zabartowo and Przysucha-Żerechowa) and overmature area in the south. The investigated indices display a general trend towards higher values in southern, south-western direction (Pomerania and Lublin areas) and in western direction (NW margin of the Świętokrzyskie Mts). This trend generally corresponds to maximum burial depths increasing in the same direction. The palaeotemperature distribution correlates mostly with maximum burial depths of the Carboniferous deposits. Observed R/o, r, CAI and T/max, values indicate palaeotemperature range from 50 to 130 degrees of Celsius (Pomerania, Koszalin-Wierzchowo zone and Lublin area) and 120-200 degrees of Celsius (Pomerania, Moracz-Byczyna zone and NW margin of the Świętokrzyskie Mts).
Źródło:
Biuletyn Państwowego Instytutu Geologicznego; 2005, 413; 5-80
0867-6143
Pojawia się w:
Biuletyn Państwowego Instytutu Geologicznego
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
System węglowodorowy z gazem ziemnym w łupkach-północnoamerykańskie doświadczenia i europejskie perspektywy
Shale gas hydrocarbon system-North American experience and European potential
Autorzy:
Poprawa, P.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2074761.pdf
Data publikacji:
2010
Wydawca:
Państwowy Instytut Geologiczny – Państwowy Instytut Badawczy
Tematy:
system węglowodorowy
gazem ziemny w łupkach
TOC
dojrzałość termiczna
hydrocarbon system
shale gas
TOC contents
thermal maturity
Opis:
The last two decades witnessed a significant progress in understanding unconventional hydrocarbon systems, exploration and developments in technology, which led to substantial increase of tight gas and shale gas production. This progress occurred mainly in USA, where unconventional gas production currently stands for ~~50 % of annual domestic gas production, and it is forecast to increase to more than 60 % in 2016. Recoverable shale gas resources of USA and Canada are estimated at present for at least ~20 trillion m3 (~~750 Tcf). Shale gas is a unique hydrocarbon system in which the same rock formation is a source rock, reservoir rock and seal (Figs. 2, 3). Gas field often appears continuous at a regional scale and does not requires hydrocarbon trap (Fig. 3). For development of shale gas, a high TOC contents (>1-2 %) is required for relatively thick formation (>30-70 m). High thermal maturity is essential for gas generation (>1.1-1.3 % Ro), and relatively low depth of burial (3500-4500 m) is necessary for commercial gas production. Gas is accumulated in isolated pores or adsorbed by organic matter (Fig. 5). Gas exploitation requires dense grid of wells with horizontal intervals and multiple fracturing. Shale gas is currently produced in several basins in USA and Canada. American success in unconventional gas production led to intensive shale gas and tight gas exploration across the world, with Europe being one of the priorities (Fig. 7). At the current stage, a couple of European sedimentary basins were selected as the major shale gas exploration targets. This includes predominantly the Lower Jurassic shale in the Lower Saxony Basin in Germany, the Alum shale in Scania (Southern Sweden), and to a lesser degree, the South-Eastern Basin in France with its Lower Jurassic and Lower to Upper Cretaceous shales, the Paris Basin in France with the Lower Jurassic shale, the Upper Jurassic shale in the Vienna Basin, the Lower Cretaceous Wealden shale in England, the Bodensee Trough in SW Germany with the Permian-Carboniferous shale, and the cenozoic Mako Trough in Hungary. In Europe the most intense exploration for shale gas is currently being carried out in Poland. The major target in that exploration is the Lower Palaeozoic shale at the East European Craton (Baltic and Lublin-Podlasie Basin), mainly the Upper Ordovician and/or Lower Silurian graptolitic shale (Fig. 8) (Poprawa & Kiersnowski, 2008; Poprawa, 2010). For that formation, Wood Mackenzie and Advanced Resources International estimated recoverable gas resources as equal to 1,400 mld m exp.3 and to 3,000 mld m exp.3, respectively. Also the Lower Carboniferous shale of the south-western Poland (area of Fore-Sudetic Homocline; Fig. 8) could potentially accumulate gas, however in this case a limitation to potential for shale gas is a complex tectonic setting. Other black shale formations in Poland appear to have lower potential for shale gas exploration due to insufficient thermal maturity, low TOC, or low thickness.
Źródło:
Przegląd Geologiczny; 2010, 58, 3; 216-225
0033-2151
Pojawia się w:
Przegląd Geologiczny
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
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