Temat: full-reserve banking - Katalog OPAC zbiorów

Skocz do pozycji: 1.

Tytuł:: Alternative Views on Money in the First Half of the XX Century and Today
Autorzy:: Brīvers, Ivars
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/517269.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2014
Wydawca:: Instytut Badań Gospodarczych
Tematy:: money
fractional reserve
full-reserve banking
seigniorage
demurrage
Opis:: The paper deals with the discussion on the alternative ideas on money, created by Silvio Gesell, Frederic Soddy and Karl Ballod. Particularly, the ideas of full-reserve banking, privilege of seigniorage and the principle of demurrage are discussed in the context of possible implementation of these ideas in a future economy. Large part of the paper is library-based, considering and briefly explaining the previously mentioned ideas, and supplementing them with the opinions of the modern economists. The discussion of the possible evolutionary way to implement those ideas is based on the logical analysis and conclusions, derived from the discussions of the author with academicians and financiers. The results lead to the conclusion that these ideas, which may seem unrealistic according the existing paradigm of growth, may turn out to be useful to form the basis of a new monetary and financial system within the new economic paradigm. The paper is an insight into unorthodox proposals on money, which may be useful to specialists and students, investigating monetary and financial systems.
Źródło:: Equilibrium. Quarterly Journal of Economics and Economic Policy; 2014, 9, 4; 153-162
1689-765X
2353-3293
Pojawia się w:: Equilibrium. Quarterly Journal of Economics and Economic Policy
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 2.

Tytuł:: Rezerwa obowiązkowa w sektorze bankowym
The fractional reserve banking system
Autorzy:: Zalewski, Kacper
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/629933.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2019
Wydawca:: Szkoła Główna Handlowa w Warszawie
Tematy:: banking
full-reserve banking
fractional-reserve banking
bankowość
rezerwa obowiązkowa
system rezerwy cząstkowej
Opis:: At the beginning of the 17th century the first public bank was established in Amsterdam. Its primary aim was to ensure high quality of the currency in circulation. Additionally, it provided a vault service to the citizens and organizations, e.g. trading companies. During first years a great attention was put on the security of the deposits, yet within next periods the bank started providing external financing, which accompanied with poor economic conditions led to the insolvency of the bank in the 19th century. The example presents two banking systems – full and fractional reserve. The full reserve requires from a bank keeping all deposits all the time, while the fractional reserve requires keeping a safe level ofdeposits to ensure smooth operating of the business. At the same time, a monetary system developed, form the full gold standard to the issuer guarantee only. These two subjects have a lot in common and should not be analysed separately, which is done during public debate nowadays, and should be both considered while thinking about money supply and economic disturbances. Any law changes in the mandatory reserve area should be considered with respect to the monetary policy and other baking system aspects.
Na początku XVII w. w Amsterdamie powstał pierwszy bank publiczny. Jego pierwotnym celem była kontrola jakości pieniądza w obiegu. Dodatkowo pełnił on funkcję skarbca dla obywateli i organizacji, np. kupieckich. Na początku głównie zwracano uwagę na bezpieczeństwo deponentów, jednak z czasem zaczęto udzielać finansowania z powierzonych środków, co przy niekorzystnych warunkach doprowadziło w XIX w. bank do upadłości. W artykule zaprezentowano dwa systemy funkcjonowania banku – rezerwy pełnej i rezerwy cząstkowej. Rezerwa pełna zakłada pełne pokrycie w każdym momencie powierzonych wkładów, a cząstkowa – utrzymywanie jedynie rezerwy pozwalającej na płynne działanie. System monetarny najpierw opierał się na pełnym pokryciu w złocie, następnie jednak odchodzono od tego standardu, a obecnie nie jest już niczym gwarantowany poza wiarygodnością emitenta. Te dwa zjawiska wzajemnie na siebie wpływają, co pozostaje jednak niezauważane i elementy te rozpatruje się oddzielnie, badając takie obszary jak emisja pieniądza i koniunkturalność gospodarki. Planując zmiany w obszarze prawnym związanym z rezerwą obowiązkową, należy pamiętać o tej współzależności oraz o pozostałych elementach systemu bankowego.
Źródło:: Kwartalnik Kolegium Ekonomiczno-Społecznego Studia i Prace; 2019, 1 (37); 111-123
2082-0976
Pojawia się w:: Kwartalnik Kolegium Ekonomiczno-Społecznego Studia i Prace
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 3.

Tytuł:: Reforming the Primary Instrumental Cause of Increasing Income Inequality
Autorzy:: Carmack, Patrick S. J.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/507378.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2019-12-30
Wydawca:: International Étienne Gilson Society
Tematy:: economic inequality
fractional reserve banking
full reserve banking
seignoirage
capitalism
socialism
free market economics
economic reform
Opis:: It is undisputed that fewer and fewer people own and control more and more of the total material wealth of the world, and conversely, that more and more people—the vast majority of mankind—own and control less and less of it, which situation is rapidly worsening. This paper identifies and examines the primary instrumental cause (i.e., prescinding from human avarice) for that phenomenon, which we argue is the usurpation of the sovereign right of money creation, known as seigniorage (from the Old French seigneuriage, “right of the lord to mint money”). This usurpation has been accomplished by a cunning and complex banking technique known as fractional reserve banking, which enables banks to make loans based on the fraudulent representation that they possess sufficient reserves to back the loans (described in detail in the article). Originally considered criminal, and its practitioners even subject to the death penalty, over the last three centuries by hook or by crook fractional reserve banking has been legalized in nearly all the nations of the world, to the benefit of bankers and the harm of all other economic sectors and the public. The article then examines the deleterious effects of fractional reserve banking on capitalism, and how its extirpation may be accomplished, thereby reforming capitalism—“which is not of its nature vicious”—into a more just economic system. Finally we note how socialism—in any of its various stripes—is radically contrary to the private ownership of material goods necessary for proper human liberty, and rooted as it is in the purely materialistic notion that man should be subject to the State or society in order to to maximize production, cannot be acceptably reformed. Economics is not necessarily a zero sum game: even when vitiated by fractional reserve banking capitalism will result in greater total wealth, but shared more and more unequally, whereas socialism inevitably results in less total wealth, recalling Winston Churchill’s apt observation that: “The inherent vice of capitalism is the unequal sharing of the blessings. The inherent virtue of socialism is the equal sharing of the miseries.”
Źródło:: Studia Gilsoniana; 2019, 8, 4; 789-818
2300-0066
Pojawia się w:: Studia Gilsoniana
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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