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Wyszukujesz frazę "double suspension" wg kryterium: Temat


Wyświetlanie 1-9 z 9
Tytuł:
On the generalized Massey–Rolfsen invariant for link maps
Autorzy:
Skopenkov, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1205018.pdf
Data publikacji:
2000
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Matematyczny PAN
Tematy:
deleted product
Massey-Rolfsen invariant
link maps
link homotopy
stable homotopy group
double suspension
codimension two
highly connected manifolds
Opis:
For $K = K_1⊔...⊔K_s$ and a link map $f:K → ℝ^m$ let $K^∼ = ⊔_{i < j} K_i × K_j$, define a map $f^∼ : K^∼ → S^{m - 1}$ by $f^∼(x, y) = (fx - fy)/|fx - fy|$ and a (generalized) Massey-Rolfsen invariant $α(f) ∈ π^{m - 1}(K)$ to be the homotopy class of $f^∼$. We prove that for a polyhedron K of dimension ≤ m - 2 under certain (weakened metastable) dimension restrictions, α is an onto or a 1 - 1 map from the set of link maps $f:K → ℝ^m$ up to link concordance to $π^{m - 1}(K^∼)$. If $K_1,...,K_s$ are closed highly homologically connected manifolds of dimension $p_1,...,p_s$ (in particular, homology spheres), then $π^{m-1}(K^∼)≅⊕_{i < j} π^S_{p_i + p_j - m + 1}$.
Źródło:
Fundamenta Mathematicae; 2000, 165, 1; 1-15
0016-2736
Pojawia się w:
Fundamenta Mathematicae
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
A numerical analysis of a double multi-leaf spring model
Autorzy:
Wysocki, J.
Krasoń, W.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/245995.pdf
Data publikacji:
2009
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
FEM
numerical models
double multi-leaf spring
suspension of a motor truck
Opis:
The use of a double spring in a vehicle suspension as a combination of elastic components of characteristics which are approximate to linear ones gives a nonlinear suspension nature, which should approximately meet the criterion of car motion smoothness connected with keeping the frequency of the free vibrations of the a motorcar body in the range of l - 2 Hz, in the whole range of load changes (cargo) [see references 8, 10]. The subject of considerations is a prototypical double spring that consists of a four-leaf main spring and a two-leaf auxiliary spring and is meant for the family of motor trucks (delivery trucks) of a total mass of about 3,51. The presence of a clearance between the main spring and the auxiliary spring is the specificity of the aforementioned structural solution. In the present study, there are presented different variants of FEM numericał models ofa double spring as well as selected aspects of their applications at the stage of the research on the displacements and deformations of selected structural components. The structures ofa two-dimensional beam model, a three-dimensional shell model and a solid model of a double spring are discussed. Moreover, the study discusses different approaches in the modelling of the effect of contact between particular leaves and their influence on analysis results. Selected model tests results were compared with experimental research results.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2009, 16, 1; 541-550
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Experimental investigations of double multi - leaf spring subjected to impact load
Autorzy:
Bogusz, P.
Krasoń, W.
Wysocki, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/247312.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
double multi-leaf spring
suspension of a motor truck
impact load
experimental investigations
Opis:
The article deals with experimental investigations of a prototype double multi-leaf spring, compound of a fourleaf main spring and a double-leaf supporting spring subjected to an impact test. In real conditions of car movement (e.g. curb, bump), dynamic oscillating loads, which generate dynamic stress in a car suspension affecting other elements of the car, occur. Consequently, effects of coupled oscillations having a great impact on comfort of a driver and passengers can be observed. The research was conducted in the Laboratory of Material and Construction Strength Department of Mechanics and Applied Computer Science (DMACS) in the Faculty of Mechanical Engineering of Military University of Technology. The experiment was carried out on an original construction of a spring impact hammer developed in DMACS. Energy of the impact was set up by changing mass of a beam with beater and beam dropping height. The results were presented in the form of table summaries, time-dependent load and displacement graphs. The methodology of the research presented in the paper and a set of measuring equipment can be utilized to evaluate load and vibrations of any multi-leaf spring under impact load with given energy. The experimental results obtained from the test are supposed to be used to verify and develop FEM model describing a spring under impact load and oscillations.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2012, 19, 2; 45-51
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The research on the double spring effort in braking process
Autorzy:
Krasoń, W.
Wysocki, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/247773.pdf
Data publikacji:
2010
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
FEM
numerical models
double multi-leaf spring
truck suspension
load in braking process
Opis:
A prototype double spring, consisting of the main four-leaf spring and the auxiliary two-leaf spring, designed for a truck (van) vehicles of a gross weight ofapp. 3,5 tons, makes the subject of considerations. This structural design is characterized by a clearance between the main and the auxiliary springs. The main objective of this work is to define the double spring strain during intense vehicle braking. A spatial FE shell double spring model has been proposed and it has been used for effort and deformation research on its selected elements, at combined load (vertical, horizontal forces and braking moment). Numerical tests have been performed within the quasistatic operation loads. The numerical analysis using those loads allows evaluating the braking force impact on the double spring operation and cooperation of the main and auxiliary spring leaves. Modelling and analysis issue, including contact issue, have been sohed by means of the software package for engineering computation by MSC. Software. Results obtained from simulations allow evaluating the deformation of individual leaves of the double spring, stress concentration areas and preliminary identification of the suspension (drive axle) kinematics, particularly to define axis trajectory of the wheel. Selected numerical test results have been compared to the experimental test results.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2010, 17, 4; 237-244
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Experimental verification of numerical test results for a double multi- leaf spring
Autorzy:
Krasoń, W.
Wysocki, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/242087.pdf
Data publikacji:
2009
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
experimental verification
FEM
numerical models
double multi-leaf spring
suspension of a motor truck
Opis:
A double spring used in the vehicle suspension, as a combination of spring elements of characteristics close to linear ones, actually provides non-linear suspension characteristics. Due to requirements for the truck suspension being designed, the spring characteristics in the whole range of load changes should meet the vehicle motion smoothness related to keeping the frequency of own suspension vibrations within a range of l-2 Hz [8, l0]. A prototype double spring made of a four-leaf main spring and two- leaf auxiliary spring (Fig. 1) makes a subject of considerations. Characteristic features of that structural solution includes a clearance between the main spring and the auxiliary spring. This work presents the results of numerical tests for three models of MES double spring [23] that were compared with experimental test results. An evaluation of usability of individual numerical models was made for representation of a double spring characteristics, contact between individual leaves and regular stress in the main leaf (the so-called safety leaf). The smallest differences between the stress results obtained from numerical tests compared to the laboratory tests, for the beam and shell models, have been obtained only for one extreme main (longest) leaf.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2009, 16, 3; 185-193
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Analysis of vibrations of the simplified model of the suspension system with a double spring and a fluid damper
Autorzy:
Krasoń, W.
Wysocki, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/244562.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
FEM
numerical models
double multi-leaf spring
suspension of a motor truck
viscous damper
Opis:
The subject of the paper are forced vibrations of the rear suspension of the biaxial vehicle fitted with the double spring spatial shell model and the viscous damper, under the force pulse input with the given transient response. The play between the master and auxiliary spring is a specific feature of the double spring design [1, 6]. Numerical tests were taken for three variants of the viscous attenuation. The attenuation coefficient values for typical dependent suspensions and their range of changes were assumed on the basis of publication [14]. The problem of modelling and analysing, including contact issues, was solved with the use of the MSC Software programme package with the special use of MSC Patran pre-processor [12]. The numerical analysis of the suspension model with the geometrical nonlinearities, viscous attenuation, and time-varying load was taken with the use of the finite element method (FEM). The selected results of the model tests in the form of the suspension relative displacements (speeds) and deformations (stresses) for the selected points of the master and auxiliary spring against time are presented in the paper. The complete model of the suspension system makes possible to examine the influence of various inputs on the interoperation and the phenomena associated with the dynamic response of such a complex system.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2011, 18, 1; 311-316
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Numerical tests of the double spring with hangers
Autorzy:
Krasoń, W.
Wysocki, J.
Zając, K.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/245670.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
double multi-leaf spring
suspension of a motor truck
stand test
vertical load
1D FE models
3D FE models
Opis:
Subject of the work include selected numerical models of the test stand intended for testing a prototype double multi-leaf spring of bi-linear nature. Basic design assumptions of the stand were as follows: provide laboratory tests of multi-leaf (single and double) springs designed for dependent suspensions of passenger cars of permissible weight up to 3,5 tones. The stand should allow for testing basic spring and strength characteristics in the quasi-static conditions and dynamic conditions with the impact of the force impulse or a set variable load characterized by a particular force amplitude (displacement) and frequency of its variations. Considered stand models include the tested spring, base, support and the hanger. This paper presents two types of FEM models of the spring element (beam and 3D). In the first element, components of the spring-hanger system were mapped by means of beam elements, in the second one by means of definite solid elements. The spring was loaded with a vertical force from 0 to 10000 N. A non-linear analysis of the bi-linear spring was carried out including clearance as well as the elastic analysis of the stand. The results of the numerical tests are presented in a form of tabular specifications, diagrams of displacements, and reduced stresses of selected components of the stand.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2015, 22, 4; 163-170
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Numerical studies of suspension system with double spring loaded using the force pulse
Autorzy:
Krason, W.
Wysocki, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/244918.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
dependent motor truck suspension
double multi-leaf spring
viscous damper
numerical analysis
FEM
zależne zawieszenie samochodu silnikowego
podwójna sprężyna wielopłatowa
lepka przepustnica
analiza numeryczna
MES
Opis:
The forced vibration of a dependent rear suspension model of the two-axle vehicle, equipped with a 3D model of a double spring and a viscous shock absorber is the subject of consideration. The clearance between the master and auxiliary springs is a specificity of the double suspension construction. Dynamic analysis of such a system has been performed by forcing with different forms of force pulses using the fixed base of force 10 kN. Three different time runs (two trapezoidal and one triangular model) are used as the force impulses. Modelling and analysis taking into consideration contact problems have been developed using the MSC.Software package with a special use of Patran pre-processor and Nastran solver. A finite element method (FEM) has been used in numerical analysis of the suspension model with geometric nonlinearities, viscous damping [9] and time-varying load. The boundary conditions of numerical models correspond to a spring support in the real vehicle suspension. The non-periodic damped vibrations and damped free vibrations of the simplified suspension system are investigated during numerical analysis. Selected results of the model tests have been presented in the form of the timings of the accelerations of the spring elements and of the forces in the suspension damper.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2018, 25, 1; 241-248
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Effect of surfactants on the adsorption properties of organic substances and heavy metal ions in colloidal systems
Wpływ surfaktantów na właściwości adsorpcyjne substancji organicznych i jonów metali ciężkich w układach koloidalnych
Autorzy:
Chibowski, Stanisław
Wiśniewska, Małgorzata
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1853714.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Chemiczne
Tematy:
adsorpcja konkurencyjna
surfaktant
usuwanie barwników
kompleksy polimer-surfaktant
stabilność suspensji
podwójna warstwa elektryczna
competitive adsorption
surfactant
dyes removal
polymer-surfactant complexes
suspension stability
electrical double layer
Opis:
The main purpose of this paper is description of the mechanisms governing the adsorption process of organic substances (such as polymers and dyes soluble in water) and inorganic substances (i.e. heavy metal ions) on the solid surface in the presence of synthetic surfactants of various ionic nature (anionic SDS, cationic CTAB and nonionic Triton X-100). The following polymers were applied: polyacrylamide, poly(ethylene glycol), poly(vinyl alcohol) and poly(acrylic acid). Moreover, the mono-, di- and triazo dyes with acidic, reactive and direct characters were used. Metal oxides – both simple (alumina, zirconia, titania) and mixed (double: silica-alumina, silica-titania and triple: alumina-silica-titania), as well as activated carbons obtained from biomass and peat were applied in the role of adsorbents. The effects of solution pH, ionic character of adsorbate, its molecular weight, elemental composition of the solid, its acid-base properties and textural structure, were determined. The understanding of the phenomena occuring at this type of interface is extremaly important for the effective control of colloidal suspensions stability, which is essential for practical applications. The formation of mixed adsorption layers composed of polymer-surfactant, dye-surfactant or polymer-surfactant-metal ion complexes results in many cases in a significant modification of the surface properties of solids, which is manifested not only by the changes in amount of bound adsorbate, but also by the changes in the structure of electrical double layer. The analysis of the obtained results indicated two main mechanisms of the surfactants influence on the adsorption process of organic and inorganic substances in colloidal systems containing a highly dispersed solid. The first one is the formation of polymer-surfactant, dye-surfactant or polymer-surfactant-metal complexes through both hydrophobic and electrostatic interactions, which show different affinity to the adsorbent surface. In most of the examined systems, these complexes were effectively bound at the solid-liquidinterface, which resulted in the adsorption increase of polymer, dye and heavy metal ions. The second important mechanism is the competition of surfactant molecules and other adsorbates for the active sites of the solid surface (the components of mixed adsorbates had the same ionic character). As a result of these two processes, mixed adsorption layers with a specific structure were formed, which determined the stability of the colloidal suspension.
Źródło:
Wiadomości Chemiczne; 2021, 75, 9-10; 1181-1202
0043-5104
2300-0295
Pojawia się w:
Wiadomości Chemiczne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
    Wyświetlanie 1-9 z 9

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