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Wyświetlanie 1-15 z 698
Tytuł:
Calculus and applications of Studniarski’s derivatives to sensitivity and implicit function theorems
Autorzy:
Anh, N. L. H.
Khanh, P. Q.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/205490.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Badań Systemowych PAN
Tematy:
Studniarski’s derivatives
sum rule
chain rule
product rule
quotient rule
sensitivity analysis
implicit multifunction theorems
Opis:
We first discuss basic calculus rules for Studniarski’s derivatives. Then, we apply these derivatives to sensitivity analysis of solutions to inclusions and to computing the derivative of implicit multifunctions.
Źródło:
Control and Cybernetics; 2014, 43, 1; 33-57
0324-8569
Pojawia się w:
Control and Cybernetics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Wittgenstein a problem reguł
Autorzy:
Gomułka, Jakub
Sajdek, Zofia
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/668037.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Papieski Jana Pawła II w Krakowie
Tematy:
rule‑following
Opis:
The problem of rules and the private language argument are among the most renowned and disputable themes of Wittgenstein’s Philosophical Investigations. Presumably today’s best known interpretation of the themes was presented in Saul Kripke’s famous and often commented book Wittgenstein on Rules and the Private Language, published in 1982. The interpretation, nicknamed “Kripkenstein”, became the target of numerous attacks of authors convinced that it did justice neither to Wittgenstein nor to the real way our language worked.This article begins with the examination of Wittgenstein’s problem of identification of action which may be counted as justified by the rule, that is, the problem of criteria of correctness. This is Kripke’s starting point in his binding the problem of rules with the private language argument. He believes that Wittgenstein did not question the mere possibility of such a language but the possibility of any language at all. Further, we survey the rejected solutions to the problem of criteria: the mentalistic and the dispositional. This leads us toKripke’s sceptical solution: there are no reasons of actions which occur before these actions. There are certain trained ways of doing things which “tell” us what to do in typical situations but they are not criteria of correctness. Such criteria may only be public and therefore social.In conclusion it’s argued that Kripkenstein’s view is really Wittgenstein’s view: contrary to the popular opinion Kripke did not put forward a new solution, he just gave us a different way of presenting it.
Źródło:
Racjonalia. Z punktu widzenia humanistyki; 2015, 5
2391-6540
2083-9952
Pojawia się w:
Racjonalia. Z punktu widzenia humanistyki
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Separating I/O from application logic for rule-based control systems
Autorzy:
Wojnicki, I.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/375884.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011
Wydawca:
Akademia Górniczo-Hutnicza im. Stanisława Staszica w Krakowie. Wydawnictwo AGH
Tematy:
rule
rule-based
inference
I/O
control system
Opis:
One of the main reasons of using a rule-based approach to program control systems is that they can be formally verified. For such systems communication with the environment is often encoded within the knowledge base. Such inclusion may lead to issues with portability, extendibility, maintainability, and interoperability. The paper proposes a four layer architecture to solve these issues. A proof-of-concept RBS, targeted at control systems, and an example case are also given.
Źródło:
Decision Making in Manufacturing and Services; 2011, 5, 1-2; 79-89
1896-8325
2300-7087
Pojawia się w:
Decision Making in Manufacturing and Services
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Rule based networks : an efficient and interpretable representation of computational models
Autorzy:
Liu, H.
Gegov, A.
Cocea, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/91698.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Społeczna Akademia Nauk w Łodzi. Polskie Towarzystwo Sieci Neuronowych
Tematy:
rule based networks
knowledge discovery
predictive modelling
rule representation
Opis:
Due to the vast and rapid increase in the size of data, data mining has been an increasingly important tool for the purpose of knowledge discovery to prevent the presence of rich data but poor knowledge. In this context, machine learning can be seen as a powerful approach to achieve intelligent data mining. In practice, machine learning is also an intelligent approach for predictive modelling. Rule learning methods, a special type of machine learning methods, can be used to build a rule based system as a special type of expert systems for both knowledge discovery and predictive modelling. A rule based system may be represented through different structures. The techniques for representing rules are known as rule representation, which is significant for knowledge discovery in relation to the interpretability of the model, as well as for predictive modelling with regard to efficiency in predicting unseen instances. This paper justifies the significance of rule representation and presents several existing representation techniques. Two types of novel networked topologies for rule representation are developed against existing techniques. This paper also includes complexity analysis of the networked topologies in order to show their advantages comparing with the existing techniques in terms of model interpretability and computational efficiency.
Źródło:
Journal of Artificial Intelligence and Soft Computing Research; 2017, 7, 2; 111-123
2083-2567
2449-6499
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Artificial Intelligence and Soft Computing Research
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Learning of rule importance for fuzzy controllers to deal with inconsistent rules and for rule elimination
Autorzy:
Pal, K.
Pal, N.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/205627.pdf
Data publikacji:
1998
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Badań Systemowych PAN
Tematy:
sterownik rozmyty
wartość reguły
wybór reguły
fuzzy logic controllers
rule importance
rule selection
rule tuning
Opis:
Extraction of correct and precise rules from experts is a difficult problem. Moreover, even when the extracted rules are correct, all of them may not have equal importance to achieve the goal of the fuzzy system. Rule tuning is usually achieved through modification of membership functions. Effect of changing a membership function is global in the sense, it influences all rules that involve the membership function. Here we propose an effective extension of the ordinary fuzzy controller model which incorpotates an importance factor for each rule. The importance factor allows tuning of the system at the rule level. Of course, one can still tune the membership functions. The extended model enables us to cope with incorrect and/or incompatibile rules and thereby enhances the robustness, flexibility and system modeling capability. It also helps us to eliminate redundant rules easily. For the Takagi-Sugeno framework, we derive the learning algorithm for the rule importance factor as well as that for the consequent. We demonstrate the superiority of the extended model through extensive simulation results using the inverted pendulum.
Źródło:
Control and Cybernetics; 1998, 27, 4; 521-543
0324-8569
Pojawia się w:
Control and Cybernetics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
High Frequency Rule Synthesis in a Large Scale Multiple Database with MapReduce
Autorzy:
Bisoyi, Sudhanshu Shekhar
Mishra, Pragnyaban
Mishra, Saroja Nanda
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2055260.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
multiple database
frequent itemset
association rule
rule synthesis
MapReduce
HDFS
Opis:
Increasing development in information and communication technology leads to the generation of large amount of data from various sources. These collected data from multiple sources grows exponentially and may not be structurally uniform. In general, these are heterogeneous and distributed in multiple databases. Because of large volume, high velocity and variety of data mining knowledge in this environment becomes a big data challenge. Distributed Association Rule Mining(DARM) in these circumstances becomes a tedious task for an effective global Decision Support System(DSS). The DARM algorithms generate a large number of association rules and frequent itemset in the big data environment. In this situation synthesizing highfrequency rules from the big database becomes more challenging. Many algorithms for synthesizing association rule have been proposed in multiple database mining environments. These are facing enormous challenges in terms of high availability, scalability, efficiency, high cost for the storage and processing of large intermediate results and multiple redundant rules. In this paper, we have proposed a model to collect data from multiple sources into a big data storage framework based on HDFS. Secondly, a weighted multi-partitioned method for synthesizing high-frequency rules using MapReduce programming paradigm has been proposed. Experiments have been conducted in a parallel and distributed environment by using commodity hardware. We ensure the efficiency, scalability, high availability and costeffectiveness of our proposed method.
Źródło:
International Journal of Electronics and Telecommunications; 2022, 68, 2; 177--186
2300-1933
Pojawia się w:
International Journal of Electronics and Telecommunications
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The “Golden Rule” as a New Financial Management Tool for Local Governments
Autorzy:
Błażuk, Katarzyna
Czernicki, Przemysław
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1977300.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019-12-31
Wydawca:
Wydawnictwo Adam Marszałek
Tematy:
golden rule
deficit
local government units
fiscal rule
limiting debt
Opis:
The implementation of the so-called “golden rule” regarding the fiscal management of the sub-sector of the local-self-government (LSG) constituted a reaction to the growth of the debt within the sector of public finances and an attempt to curb the LSG deficit. In this manner the Legislator wanted to balance the budget regarding operating revenues and the operating expenditures and to allow for the use of public loans, thus permitting the generation of the debt only in regard to capital expenditures. The authors of the article evaluate the validity of introducing the new regulations, subjecting the “golden rule” to a positive critique and forming requirements for changes and improvements based on solutions to this problem utilized in other countries. An empiric data is presented that shows the consequences of overloading the LSG with the effects of the growing level of public debt in a situation when the responsibility for the majority of the debt (more than 90%) rests with the public governance at the government level. The authors also put forth the thesis that the implementation of the more restrictive rules on the central level is also necessary to optimize the entire system of public finances.
Źródło:
Polish Political Science Yearbook; 2019, 4 (48); 653-662
0208-7375
Pojawia się w:
Polish Political Science Yearbook
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Limitation of public debt on the verge of financial crisis
Autorzy:
Vuongova, Andrea
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1368171.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020-11-16
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Gdański. Centrum Prawa Samorządowego i Prawa Finansów Lokalnych
Tematy:
budgetary responsibility
sound public finances
fiscal rules
expenditure rule
debt rule.
Opis:
The foretaste of the financial crisis raises the question of the functioning, application and enforcement of measures to ensure sound and sustainable public finances. The limitation of public debt was enshrined in law in the Czech legal system in 2017, and in April of this year one of the established fiscal rules was amended. The aim of this article is to critically analyze the adjustment of the public debt limitation that has been undertaken in the context of the current crisis caused by the spread of COVID-19. The introduction of the article will describe the European and Czech context of the limitation of public debt and setting budgetary responsibility. Subsequently, the article briefly summarizes the effects of the coronavirus crisis on the implementation of the state budget and, consequently, the justification for the legislative change of the set fiscal rule. The methods used in the article are mainly the method of literary research relevant sources, the method of description of the limitation of the public debt regulation in European union and in passages describing the current state of budgetary responsibility rules. Method of evaluation appears in the parts of the work evaluating the legislative adjustments to budgetary responsibility rules due to the coronavirus crises.
Źródło:
Financial Law Review; 2020, 20, 4; 105-117
2299-6834
Pojawia się w:
Financial Law Review
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Redefining the rule of law: in search of a universal social dimension
Autorzy:
Dzięgielewska, Aleksandra
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/48548619.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023-06-22
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydawnictwa Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego
Tematy:
rule of law
rule of law definition
social rights
social welfare
Opis:
Bearing in mind that there exists no universally accepted definition of the rule of law, this paper sets out to identify its commonly agreed core, and to expand it by adding substantive elements. While the core is not controversial, the second part of the rule of law framework, comprising social welfare rights, essentially aims to revisit classical accounts of the rule of law. The analysis involves the frequently ignored social dimension of the rule of law, defending the necessity of its translation into a substantive element of the definition. Some general arguments are offered explaining why social rights protection should be included in the definition of the rule of law.
Źródło:
Studia Iuridica; 2022, 95; 110-124
0137-4346
Pojawia się w:
Studia Iuridica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Wpływ reguły wydatkowej na typ polityki fiskalnej w Polsce
Autorzy:
Moździerz, Anna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/610119.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej
Tematy:
fiscal rule
expenditure rule
fiscal policy
reguła fiskalna
reguła wydatkowa
polityka fiskalna
Opis:
Theoretical background: Presentation of Polish experiences with the introduction of the expenditure rule into the Polish law under the influence of EU regulations.Purpose of the article: Demonstration that the modification of the expenditure rule carried out in 2015 resulted in the loss of its stabilising nature, which was supposed to be its main feature.Research methods: The changes in the fiscal policy stance in 2013–2018 were identified on the basis of annual changes in the ratio of cyclically-adjusted primary balance to output gap.Main findings: The analyses carried out in the paper showed that the expenditure rule in its original shape was conducive to mitigation of economic fluctuations. After the reduction of the restrictiveness of the expenditure rule in 2015, consisting in replacing the inflation target with medium-term inflation target, it no longer played a stabilising role. The conclusion of the article is that well-constructed numerical fiscal rules may be an important instrument for maintaining control over the state of public finances, but experiences with the expenditure rule in Poland provide many arguments to opponents of the application of numerical rules in fiscal policy.
Uzasadnienie teoretyczne: Przedstawienie polskich doświadczeń z wprowadzaniem reguły wydatkowej do krajowego prawa pod wpływem regulacji unijnych.Cel artykułu: Wykazanie, że modyfikacja reguły wydatkowej z 2015 r. skutkowała utratą jej stabilizującego charakteru, który miał stanowić jej główną właściwość.Metody badawcze: Identyfikacji zmian w nastawieniu w polityce fiskalnej w latach 2013–2018 dokonano na podstawie zmian w ujęciu rocznym salda pierwotnego dostosowanego cyklicznie względem luki produkcyjnej.Główne wnioski: Przeprowadzone w pracy analizy wykazały, że reguła wydatkowa funkcjonująca w pierwotnym kształcie sprzyjała łagodzeniu wahań koniunkturalnych. Wraz ze zmniejszeniem restrykcyjności reguły wydatkowej w 2015 r., polegającej na zastąpieniu w formule wskaźnika prognozowanej inflacji wskaźnikiem średniookresowego celu inflacyjnego, jej funkcja stabilizująca została zatracona. Stwierdzono, że dobrze skonstruowane numeryczne reguły fiskalne mogą być ważnym instrumentem zachowania kontroli nad stanem finansów publicznych, lecz doświadczenia z regułą wydatkową w Polsce dostarczają wielu argumentów przeciwnikom stosowania reguł numerycznych w polityce fiskalnej.
Źródło:
Annales Universitatis Mariae Curie-Skłodowska, sectio H – Oeconomia; 2019, 53, 4
0459-9586
Pojawia się w:
Annales Universitatis Mariae Curie-Skłodowska, sectio H – Oeconomia
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Balancing the Closed Traverse in Land Surveying
Autorzy:
Ganiron Jr., Tomas U.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1179166.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Przedsiębiorstwo Wydawnictw Naukowych Darwin / Scientific Publishing House DARWIN
Tematy:
Compass rule
bearing
departure
double meridian distance
engineer survey
latitude
transit rule
Opis:
This descriptive research focuses on the role of land surveying in the development of an architectural plan through the detailed engineering planning that leads to the construction phase. It comprises a leveling network that was established and all the points had been described completely. Parameters such as horizontal distance, horizontal angles and elevation differences between all points were measured through many closed leveling loops using theodolite (Leica Builder 300), tape measure & wheels (steel tape) and stave (leveling rod). The observations were used in a mathematical model and processed by traverse adjustment techniques. The error of closure for interior angles was checked and both latitude and departure were adjusted before applying the double meridian distance (DMD) method to obtain the required area of the land. The adjusted unknowns and observations were computed precisely to about a few millimeters accuracy. Technical descriptions of the land such as distance, bearing, boundaries, and area are necessary to visualize the shape & exact location of the land.
Źródło:
World Scientific News; 2017, 83; 45-61
2392-2192
Pojawia się w:
World Scientific News
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Nonmonotone line searches for optimization algorithms
Autorzy:
Sachs, E. W.
Sachs, S. M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/206103.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Badań Systemowych PAN
Tematy:
line search
nonmonotone
Armijo's rule
Opis:
In this paper we develop a general convergence theory for nonmonotone line searches in optimization algorithms. The advantage of this theory is that it is applicable to various step size rules that have been published in the past decades. This gives more insight into the structure of these step size rules and points to several relaxations of the hypotheses. Furthermore, it can be used in the framework of discretized infinite-dimensional optimization problems like optimal control problems and ties the discretized problems to the original problem formulation.
Źródło:
Control and Cybernetics; 2011, 40, 4; 1059-1075
0324-8569
Pojawia się w:
Control and Cybernetics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Na przełomie wieków - Szadek pod panowaniem pruskim (1793-1806)
Szadek under prussian rule at the turn or the century (1793-1806)
Autorzy:
Włodarczyk, Zdzisław
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/510376.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
Tematy:
prussian rule
Szadek
panowanie pruskie
Opis:
In 1793, Szadek and the most of Greater Poland became a part of a new province named Southern Prussia by the conquerors. The town was subject to public administration (Kriegs- und Domanenkammer) in Piotrkow, moved to Kalisz in 1798. At the same time, the centuries-old ties were severed. The town of Szadek and the activities of its inhabitants were similar to those in other urban centres of the region, except Kalisz and Piotrkow. Agriculture was the basis of existence for a large part of the townspeople. It determined the wealth, or rather the poverty of the inhabitants. During the period, there was a population growth in the town from 671 to 1165 people - which means an increase of 74%. Most of the residents were soldiers deployed in the town with their families. A fire which took place on the 1911‘ October 1802 caused great devastation - 54 houses were burnt down. By the end of Prussian rule, the number of buildings was lower than in 1793. However, some new houses were built of durable materials. The reign of Prussians lasted for nearly 14 years. It ended after the defeat in the war with France in 1806. The inhabitants of Polish lands expected quick arrival of the victorious armies of Napoleon and declaration on the future of the lands reclaimed from Prussians.
Źródło:
Biuletyn Szadkowski; 2013, 13; 81-100
1643-0700
Pojawia się w:
Biuletyn Szadkowski
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
IMPACT OF A MODIFIED HP FILTER ON COUNTERCYCLICAL BEHAVIOR OF THE SWISS FISCAL RULE
Autorzy:
Pigoń, Adam
Ramsza, Michał
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/517118.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Instytut Badań Gospodarczych
Tematy:
fiscal rule
counter cyclical policy
Opis:
Fiscal rules are an idea that has been getting more attention lately due to the recent economic crisis. Fiscal rules has been tested for many properties, including countercyclical behavior. The present paper focuses on the Swiss fiscal rule and investigates the impact of a modified HP filter, used in the rule, on countercyclical behavior of the rule. The paper uses real GDP time series for over a hundred countries and applies the rule to each time series in two variants, with a standard HP filter and a modified HP filter. For each result procyclicality indices are calculated. It is found that the modification of HP filter, used in the Swiss fiscal rule, increases countercyclical behavior of the rule.
Źródło:
Equilibrium. Quarterly Journal of Economics and Economic Policy; 2016, 11, 4; 661-674
1689-765X
2353-3293
Pojawia się w:
Equilibrium. Quarterly Journal of Economics and Economic Policy
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Strefy Fermiego
Fermi zones
Autorzy:
Bocionek, Piotr
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/501389.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012
Wydawca:
Instytut Studiów Międzynarodowych i Edukacji Humanum
Tematy:
Fermi zone
Fermi rule
humanities
Opis:
This article is an attempt to recall the phenomenon in physics called ”Fermi zones” and the principle of Fermi resulting from social sciences. The author believes that this principle is not only physical but anthropic, too.
Źródło:
Społeczeństwo i Edukacja. Międzynarodowe Studia Humanistyczne; 2012, 2(10); 233-240
1898-0171
Pojawia się w:
Społeczeństwo i Edukacja. Międzynarodowe Studia Humanistyczne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Wyświetlanie 1-15 z 698

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