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    Wyświetlanie 1-15 z 15
    Tytuł:
    Funkcjonowanie samorządów pracowniczych w wybranych krajach realnego socjalizmu
    Workers’ Self-Management in the Selected Countries of the Real Socialism Socio-Economic System
    Autorzy:
    Wdzięczak, Janusz
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/965212.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2016-05
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
    Tematy:
    self-management
    employee participation
    socialist economies
    J51
    N34
    P31
    Opis:
    The aim of the article is to present the attempts of establishing institutions of a system of worker’s self-management in the selected countries of the so-called real socialism system in Eastern Europe. The analysis considers three of those countries, namely Yugoslavia, Poland and Hungary, whose experiences in participation of the employees’ implementation were the most significant. Particular attention was paid to the evolution of socialist regimes approach to workers’ self-management. The paper tries to answer the question whether workers’ self-management posed a threat to the socialist regimes persistence. The research method used in the study is an indepth survey and analysis of literature and legal acts.
    Źródło:
    Annales. Etyka w Życiu Gospodarczym; 2016, 19, 2
    1899-2226
    2353-4869
    Pojawia się w:
    Annales. Etyka w Życiu Gospodarczym
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Angular Differential Cross-Sections for Electron Transfer in Collisions between Proton and He$\text{}^{+}$(1s) Ions
    Autorzy:
    Bhattacharyya, S.
    Pathak, K.
    Becker, A.
    Faisal, F. H. M.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1952747.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    1996-12
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Fizyki PAN
    Tematy:
    34.70.+e
    34.40.+n
    Opis:
    Angular differential cross-sections for the formation of H, as a result of electron capture by proton from He$\text{}^{+}$(1s) at the centre-of-mass energies from 4 to 24 keV, are calculated using distorted wave Coulomb-Born approximation. The total interaction potentials in the prior-interaction channel and in the post-interaction channel are considered. Coulomb boundary conditions are taken care of with the proper choice of the perturbation potentials in both the prior and the post channels. A prior-post discrepancy is noted. Existing theoretical results are presented along with the present results.
    Źródło:
    Acta Physica Polonica A; 1996, 90, 6; 1143-1153
    0587-4246
    1898-794X
    Pojawia się w:
    Acta Physica Polonica A
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Zakres odpowiedzialności pracodawców wobec rodzin pracowników w Drugiej Rzeczypospolitej
    The Range of Responsibility of Employers Towards Workers’ Families in the Second Republic of Poland
    Autorzy:
    Grata, Paweł
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/965215.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2016-05
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
    Tematy:
    labour market
    the Second Republic of Poland
    social security
    J23
    N34
    Opis:
    The aim of this article is the presentation of the range of responsibility of employers towards workers’ families in Poland in the interwar period. The article also shows how these duties were realised. This problem appeared in Europe with the development of a social insurance programme and labour law. The Second Republic of Poland built its own law system for employees’ families. It included health insurance and benefits, families’ pensions and funeral allowances. Certain obligations were also imposed on employers in the context of labour law. The most important was the obligation to open nursery schools for children of women who worked in factories.
    Źródło:
    Annales. Etyka w Życiu Gospodarczym; 2016, 19, 2
    1899-2226
    2353-4869
    Pojawia się w:
    Annales. Etyka w Życiu Gospodarczym
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Kobieta w zakładzie pracy w Polsce Ludowej i po 1990 r. Analiza stanu prawnego
    The Legal Aspects of the Employment of Women in the Polish People’s Republic and Today
    Autorzy:
    Kosztowna, Natalia
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/965211.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2016-05
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
    Tematy:
    employment of women
    protection of women’s work
    state ethics
    J71
    P23
    N34
    Opis:
    The article deals with the mechanisms of female employment. The author has set herself the task of comparing the conditions of employment of women during the Polish People’s Republic (PRL) and contemporary times. The main aim was to indicate the evolution of labour law relating to women workers from a series of instructions and regulations of the Council of Ministers defining the protection of women's work before 1974, through a variety of general rules applicable to all employees, to the regulations contained in the Labour Code and also current legislation. The article attempts to assess the ethical actions taken by the state to improve the conditions of employment of women in the workplace. The text indicates the importance of the work in the lives of women. Occupational status and income level strongly influenced the behaviour of women, who in many cases took up work intended only for men due to the fact that during PRL it was only such work which would allow them to obtain a higher salary. The article indicates that today there is a special emphasis placed on the prohibition of restricting the employment of women in jobs and on the conditions of the employment of pregnant women. The author of this article has evaluated the legislation introduced by the state, which contributed to the increase in female activity in the labour market. However, in ethical terms of ethical it is very difficult to unambiguously assess the actions taken by the state for the protection of women's work in the PRL, but also in contemporary times.
    Źródło:
    Annales. Etyka w Życiu Gospodarczym; 2016, 19, 2
    1899-2226
    2353-4869
    Pojawia się w:
    Annales. Etyka w Życiu Gospodarczym
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Praca jako obowiązek a praca jako źródło satysfakcji. Studium historyczne roli i znaczenia pracy w dziejach Polski (po 1945 roku)
    Work as a Duty versus Work as Source of Satisfaction. Historical Study of the Role and Importance of the Work in Polish History (After 1945)
    Autorzy:
    Kamosiński, Sławomir
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/965213.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2016-05
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
    Tematy:
    human work
    labour market
    work ethic
    employee participation in managing enterprises
    bilateral dependency of employers and employees
    N34
    P31
    Opis:
    The paper presents an analysis of the ethical, political and economic aspects of human work within two Polish historical periods – the years of the People’s Republic of Poland and after 1989. The starting point for the analysis was the assumption that every time period, each age, leaves a mark on man’s work. Analysis of the People's Republic of Poland period gives an opportunity to consider human work understood as a duty and right of every human guaranteed by the Constitution of 1952. Questioning the principles ruling the labour market by the ideologists of the People’s Republic of Poland and, as a consequence, the politicization of labour, resulted in the collapse of the work ethic. Work, as it was at that time a commonly available good, lost its value, regarded as the source of life satisfaction, and thus became ridiculed. After 1989, in relation to the de-politicization of the Polish labour market, the employee became active in searching for a job. The phenomenon of unemployment resulted in competition on the labour market and the employer was thus given the opportunity to freely select a group of employees. As a result, the employer became a distributor of a ‘rare commodity.’ That, in turn, led to the situation where the approach of employers towards employees turned into the employer's diktat. It is the employer who determines the conditions of employment, standards of work and place of work. A lack of alternative that many employees face often makes them accept the dictated conditions of work. What is more, in Poland we deal with the insufficiently developed participation of employees in managing the enterprises, which is an effect of breaking off the bilateral dependency of employee and employer.
    Źródło:
    Annales. Etyka w Życiu Gospodarczym; 2016, 19, 2
    1899-2226
    2353-4869
    Pojawia się w:
    Annales. Etyka w Życiu Gospodarczym
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Non-Adiabatic Semiclassical Calculations of the Collision-Time Asymmetry of the $\text{}^{114}$Cd 326.1 nm Line Perturbed by Noble Gases
    Autorzy:
    Bielski, A.
    Ciuryło, R.
    Lisak, D.
    Trawiński, R. S.
    Orlikowski, T.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2037132.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2004-03
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Fizyki PAN
    Tematy:
    32.70.-n
    33.70.-w
    34.20.-b
    Opis:
    The collision-time asymmetry coefficients as well as the pressure broadening and shifting rates of the $\text{}^{114}$Cd 326.1 nm line perturbed by noble gases are calculated in the framework of the non-adiabatic semi-classical method using the Czuchaj et al. potentials. The theoretical values are compared with experimental results determined recently by means of laser-induced fluorescence technique.
    Źródło:
    Acta Physica Polonica A; 2004, 105, 3; 217-232
    0587-4246
    1898-794X
    Pojawia się w:
    Acta Physica Polonica A
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Observation of the Line-Mixing and Collision-Time Asymmetry of the 5$\text{}^{1}$S$\text{}_{0}$-5$\text{}^{3}$P$\text{}_{1}$ Line of the Even-Odd $\text{}^{113}$Cd Isotope
    Autorzy:
    Bielski, A.
    Ciuryło, R.
    Domysławska, J.
    Lisak, D.
    Masłowski, P.
    Szudy, J.
    Trawiński, R. S.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2037251.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2004-04
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Fizyki PAN
    Tematy:
    32.70.-n
    33.70.-w
    34.20.-b
    Opis:
    The profiles of argon perturbed components of the 5$\text{}^{1}$S$\text{}_{0}$-5$\text{}^{3}$P$\text{}_{1}$ line of the even-odd $\text{}^{113}$Cd isotope were measured using a laser-induced fluorescence method. It was shown that the asymmetries of the profiles are due to both the collision-duration and line-mixing effects.
    Źródło:
    Acta Physica Polonica A; 2004, 105, 4; 329-338
    0587-4246
    1898-794X
    Pojawia się w:
    Acta Physica Polonica A
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Long-range Interactions for the A$\text{}^{3}$1$\text{}_{u}$ and B$\text{}^{3}$0$\text{}_{u}^{+}$ States of Cd$\text{}_{2}$ from Line Shape Measurements
    Autorzy:
    Grycuk, T.
    Michalicka, M.
    Rogaczewski, J.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2030719.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2002-06
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Fizyki PAN
    Tematy:
    33.70.-w
    34.20.-b
    32.70.-n
    Opis:
    We report on very precise measurements of the absorption profile of the 326.1 nm resonance line of cadmium broadened by interactions with the ground state Cd atoms under thermal equilibrium. The experimental red wing profiles, corrected for the Boltzmann factor at different temperatures, are analysed in terms of the long-range potential parameters including dispersion and resonant interactions. The resonant interaction energy constant C$\text{}_{3}$ is calculated to be 2.31×10$\text{}^{-2}$ eV Å$\text{}^{3}$ and the van der Waals constant C$\text{}_{6}$ for difference potentials between the ground state X$\text{}^{1}$0$\text{}_{ }^{+}$g and the excited states B$\text{}^{3}$0$\text{}_{u}^{+}$ and A$\text{}^{3}$1$\text{}_{u}$ of Cd$\text{}_{2}$ derived experimentally are found to be (182.6± 8) eV Å$\text{}^{6}$ and (289±4) eV Å$\text{}^{6}$, respectively. The former is determined for the first time and the latter is considerably corrected in comparison to earlier determination. The van der Waals constant C$\text{}_{6}$ for the ground state of Cd$\text{}_{2}$ is discussed and estimated to be C$\text{}_{6}^{g}$=(247± 40) eV Å$\text{}^{6}$.
    Źródło:
    Acta Physica Polonica A; 2002, 101, 6; 825-836
    0587-4246
    1898-794X
    Pojawia się w:
    Acta Physica Polonica A
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Speed-Dependent Effects on the 748.8 nm Ne Self-Broadened Line
    Autorzy:
    Ciuryło, R.
    Bielski, A.
    Brym, S.
    Domysławska, J.
    Lisak, D.
    Szudy, J.
    Trawiński, R. S.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2011059.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    1999-09
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Fizyki PAN
    Tematy:
    32.70.-n
    33.70.-w
    34.20.-b
    Opis:
    Profiles of the self-broadened 748.8 nm Ne line emitted from a glow discharge in neon in the pressure range between 0.8 and 100 Tr were measured using an improved experimental setup with pressure-scanned Fabry-Perot interferometer. First, line profiles were analysed using an ordinary Voigt procedure which yielded the Doppler widths decreasing with the increase in neon pressure. Using a speed-dependent Voigt profile it was shown that for the 748.8 nm line the correlation between the Doppler and collisional broadening plays an important role. However, the values of the pressure broadening and shift coefficients determined by the speed-dependent Voigt analysis were found to be only slightly different from those obtained by the ordinary Voigt analysis. A systematic error in the determination of perturber concentration in our previous investigation was corrected.
    Źródło:
    Acta Physica Polonica A; 1999, 96, 3-4; 359-372
    0587-4246
    1898-794X
    Pojawia się w:
    Acta Physica Polonica A
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Influence of Excitation Processes on the Shape of Argon and Neon Lines
    Autorzy:
    Bielski, A.
    Ciuryło, R.
    Lisak, D.
    Trawiński, R. S.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2012938.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2000-02
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Fizyki PAN
    Tematy:
    32.70.-n
    33.70.-w
    34.20.-b
    Opis:
    Shapes of self-broadened argon lines 687.1 nm (4d$\text{}_{5}$-2p$\text{}_{10}$), 703.0 nm (3s$\text{}_{5}$-2p$\text{}_{9}$), 750.3 nm (2p$\text{}_{1}$-1s$\text{}_{2}$) as well as the neon line 748.8 nm (3d$\text{}_{3}$-2p$\text{}_{10}$) emitted from glow discharges at low pressures were analysed using a Fabry Perot interferometer. We showed that the dissociative recombination of Ar$\text{}_{2}^{+}$ (or Ne$\text{}_{2}^{+}$) molecular ions which gives rise to the density of non-thermalized atoms, may be regarded as the main process responsible for the distortion of the profiles of the above lines. The distorted profiles were analysed as superposition of the Ballik profile for thermalized atoms and the modified Ballik profile for non-thermalized atoms. The Lorentzian and Gaussian widths as well as relative densities of non-thermalized and thermalized atoms were determined.
    Źródło:
    Acta Physica Polonica A; 2000, 97, 2; 275-284
    0587-4246
    1898-794X
    Pojawia się w:
    Acta Physica Polonica A
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Pressure Broadening and Shift of the 326.1 nm Cd Line Perturbed by H$\text{}_{2}$ and D$\text{}_{2}$
    Autorzy:
    Bielski, A.
    Ciuryło, R.
    Domysławska, J.
    Lisak, D.
    Trawiński, R. S.
    Wolnikowski, J.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2014011.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2000-06
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Fizyki PAN
    Tematy:
    32.70.-n
    33.70.-w
    34.20.-b
    Opis:
    The experimental values of pressure broadening and shift coefficients of the $\text{}^{114}$Cd 326.1 nm line perturbed by H$\text{}_{2}$ and D$\text{}_{2}$ are determined using a LIF technique and compared with theoretical values calculated from the impact theory.
    Źródło:
    Acta Physica Polonica A; 2000, 97, 6; 1003-1010
    0587-4246
    1898-794X
    Pojawia się w:
    Acta Physica Polonica A
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Collision-Time Asymmetry and Speed-Dependent Effects on the $\text{}^{114}$Cd 326.1 nm Line Perturbed by Kr
    Autorzy:
    Trawiński, R. S.
    Bielski, A.
    Lisak, D.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2024018.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2001-02
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Fizyki PAN
    Tematy:
    32.70.-n
    33.70.-w
    34.20.-b
    Opis:
    Using a laser-induced fluorescence method, detailed analysis of profiles of the $\text{}^{114}$Cd 326.1 nm line perturbed by krypton was performed which revealed departures from the ordinary Voigt profile. These departures are shown to be consistent with fits of experimental profiles to a speed-dependent asymmetric Voigt profile. Coefficients of the pressure broadening, shift, and collision-time asymmetry are determined and compared with those calculated in the adiabatic approximation for the van der Waals, Czuchaj-Stoll, and Morse potentials.
    Źródło:
    Acta Physica Polonica A; 2001, 99, 2; 243-256
    0587-4246
    1898-794X
    Pojawia się w:
    Acta Physica Polonica A
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Effects of Low-Polarizability Perturbers on the Cadmium Intercombination Line
    Autorzy:
    Bielski, A.
    Lisak, D.
    Trawiński, R. S.
    Szudy, J.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2035653.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2003-01
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Fizyki PAN
    Tematy:
    32.70.-n
    33.70.-w
    34.20.-b
    Opis:
    Using a laser-induced fluorescence method a detailed analysis of profiles of the $\text{}^{114}$Cd 326.1 nm line perturbed by neon and helium was performed which revealed deviations from the ordinary Voigt profile. These deviations are shown to be consistent with fits of experimental profiles to an asymmetric Voigt profile. Coefficients of the pressure broadening, shift and collision-time asymmetry are determined and compared with those calculated in the adiabatic approximation for different interaction potentials.
    Źródło:
    Acta Physica Polonica A; 2003, 103, 1; 23-40
    0587-4246
    1898-794X
    Pojawia się w:
    Acta Physica Polonica A
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    On Argon-Induced Pressure Shifts of $\text{}^{198}$Hg Spectral Lines Associated with Quasi-Rydberg Transitions
    Autorzy:
    Trawiński, R. S.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2046883.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2006-07
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Fizyki PAN
    Tematy:
    32.70.-n
    32.80.Rm
    34.20.-b
    Opis:
    The extended Omont-Kaulakys-Ueda treatment of collisional effects on quasi-Rydberg states, in which the perturbation of the lower state is taken into account, is applied to mercury-argon system. The pressure shift coefficients of 6p-ns and 6p-nd spectral lines are calculated and compared with available experimental data.
    Źródło:
    Acta Physica Polonica A; 2006, 110, 1; 51-56
    0587-4246
    1898-794X
    Pojawia się w:
    Acta Physica Polonica A
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Long-Range Interactions and the Oscillator Strength for the $\text{}^{1}1_{u}, \text{}^{1}0_{u}^{+}$ ← X $\text{}^{1}0_{g}^{+}$ Transitions in Zn$\text{}_{2}$
    Autorzy:
    Kubkowska, M. K.
    Szczęśniak, T. M.
    Grycuk, T.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2037211.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2004-04
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Fizyki PAN
    Tematy:
    32.70.-n
    32.70.Cs
    32.70.Jz
    33.70.-w
    34.20.-b
    Opis:
    The interaction potentials for Zn$\text{}_{2}$ electronic states $\text{}^{1}1\text{}_{u}$ and $\text{}^{1}0_{u}^{+}$ correlated with (4 $\text{}^{1}P_{1}$+4 $\text{}^{1}S_{0}$) asymptote in the long-range region (10-25) Å and the oscillator strength f for the absorption transition to these states are derived experimentally from a careful analysis of the self-broadened resonance 213.8 nm line of Zn. It is found that although the interatomic interactions at so long distances are dominated by resonance potential of the form C$\text{}_{3}$/R$\text{}^{3}$ resulting in the Lorentzian line shape, the parameter C$\text{}_{3}$ and thus f value significantly decrease with R decreasing. This effect proved to be a linear function of R$\text{}^{-1}$ yielding the oscillator strength for the considered line f$\text{}_{0}$=1.456 $\pm$ 0.010 from $R \rightarrow \infty$ extrapolation. This value seems to be the most accurate experimental result as yet and shows that the best theoretical values for this quantity are overestimated. It is suggested that the long-range behaviour of the potential energy curves observed here for the first time represents the effective potentials including dominating resonance interactions and a possible slight contribution of the dispersion interactions as well as the R-dependent spin-orbit interaction.
    Źródło:
    Acta Physica Polonica A; 2004, 105, 4; 317-328
    0587-4246
    1898-794X
    Pojawia się w:
    Acta Physica Polonica A
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
      Wyświetlanie 1-15 z 15

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