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Wyświetlanie 1-15 z 613
Tytuł:
Air pollution forecasting model control
Autorzy:
Domańska, D.
Wojtylak, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/333888.pdf
Data publikacji:
2010
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Śląski. Wydział Informatyki i Nauki o Materiałach. Instytut Informatyki. Zakład Systemów Komputerowych
Tematy:
modele systemu rozmytego
liczby rozmyte
macierz rozmyta
rozmyta prognoza pogody
zanieczyszczenie powietrza
prognozowanie
fuzzy system models
fuzzy numbers
fuzzy matrix
fuzzy weather forecast
air pollution
forecasting
Opis:
In the paper we discuss the analysis of multidimensional data. We consider the relationship between them using a special fuzzy number form. Calculations are kept on set of actual and historical meteorological data. Our model using to forecast pollution concentrations is important in today because pollutions have very big influence on our life in particular pollutions PM10 (particulate matter less than 10 µm in diameter). The effects of inhaling particulate matter have been widely studied in humans and animals and include asthma, lung cancer, cardiovascular issues, and premature death. Because of the size of the particle, they can penetrate the deepest part of the lungs. In Air Pollution Forecasting Model for the chosen weather forecast we find similar weather forecasts. Next, we find real meteorological situations from the historical data which correspond to them and we create fuzzy numbers, that is, the fuzzy weather forecasts. Then we estimate the validity of the weather forecast on the basis of the historical data and its accuracy. We investigate it with the help of a set of indicators, which corresponds to the parameters of the weather forecast, using the similarities rule of the weather forecast to the meteorological situation, a proper distance and data analysis. This comprehensive analysis allows us to investigate the effectiveness of forecasting pollution concentrations, putting the dependence between particular attributes describing the weather forecast in order and proving the legitimacy of the applicable fuzzy numbers in air pollution forecasting. Models are created for data, which are measured and forecasting in Poland. By reason of this data our models are testing in real sets of data and effects are received in active system.
Źródło:
Journal of Medical Informatics & Technologies; 2010, 14; 9-22
1642-6037
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Medical Informatics & Technologies
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Poznań Air Pollution Analysis for 2015–2017
Autorzy:
Smurzyńska, A.
Czekała, W.
Hektus, P.
Marks, S.
Mazurkiewicz, J.
Brzoski, M.
Chełkowski, D.
Kozłowski, K.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/125027.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Inżynierii Ekologicznej
Tematy:
Poznań
air pollution
PM10
PM2.5
Opis:
Air pollution is the result of natural processes and intense urban development. The undesired emission of volatile substances causes environmental threats such as acid rains, aggravated greenhouse effect or the ozone depletion. Moreover, the pollution released into the air is harmful to the human respiratory system, eyes and skin. This paper presents the body of analyses conducted in Poznań between 2015–2017 on the changes in the local emission concentration of PM10 and PM2.5. The data concerning the emission of suspended particulates were provided by the meteorological station on Polanka St. in Poznań. The research included a correlation analysis. The results point to a steady decrease in the amount of produced particulates. It was also noted that the emissions of PM10 and PM2.5 change seasonally, with the highest levels in the autumn and winter. Furthermore, the amount of emitted suspended particulates is correlated with the temperature; hence, it is supposed that the main source of air pollution in Poznań involves low-efficiency heaters and boilers.
Źródło:
Journal of Ecological Engineering; 2018, 19, 6; 162-169
2299-8993
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Ecological Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Lichens as indicators of air pollution in Lomza
Autorzy:
Matwiejuk, A.
Chojnowska, P.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/790619.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Przyrodniczy w Poznaniu
Tematy:
biodiversity
lichen
urban environment
pollution indicator
air pollution
Lomza town
Opis:
Research using lichens as bioindicators of air pollution has been conducted in the city of Łomża. The presence of indicator species of epiphytic and epilithic lichens has been analysed. A 4-point lichen scale has been developed for the test area, on the basis of which four lichenoindication zones have been determined. The least favourable conditions for lichen growth have been recorded in the city center. Green areas and open spaces are the areas with the most favourable impact of the urban environment on lichen biota.
Źródło:
Steciana; 2016, 20, 2
1689-653X
Pojawia się w:
Steciana
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Case-crossover design: Air pollution and health outcomes
Autorzy:
Szyszkowicz, Mieczysław
Tremblay, Neil
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2185393.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011-09-01
Wydawca:
Instytut Medycyny Pracy im. prof. dra Jerzego Nofera w Łodzi
Tematy:
air pollution
city
depression
emergency department
humidity
temperature
nitrogen dioxide
sulphur dioxide
Opis:
Objectives: The objective of this study was to investigate variants of case-crossover design for assessing correlations between counts of health events over time and exposure to ambient air pollution. For illustrative purposes, daily emergency department (ED) visits for depression among females were considered. Materials and Method: Ambient nitrogen dioxide (NO₂) was used as a principal ambient air pollutant. In addition, sulphur dioxide (SO₂) and carbon monoxide (CO) were considered. Different configurations of the control periods (every 1, 2, …, 10 days) and different forms (linear, natural splines) of meteorological factors in the applied conditional logistic regression models were used. The sequence of overlapping age intervals was defined ([0, 19], [1, 20], and so on) and each age group was analyzed separately. The results for the defined age sequences allow identifying age ranges in which the effects are strongest. Results: Consequently, for example, different age ranges for patients for which ED visits for depression were correlated with NO₂ and SO₂ were identified. This age-interval difference explains the very often observed phenomenon whereby two air pollutants used in one model may not show correlations with health outcomes. In this situation they affect separate age groups. The results also show dependency on number-defined control periods for the applied case-crossover technique. The opposite statistical conclusions may be generated by using different control schemas. Conclusions: The results support the hypothesis that ED visits for depressive disorder may be correlated with exposure to ambient air pollution.
Źródło:
International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health; 2011, 24, 3; 249-255
1232-1087
1896-494X
Pojawia się w:
International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Data mining methods for prediction of air pollution
Autorzy:
Siwek, K.
Osowski, S.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/330775.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Zielonogórski. Oficyna Wydawnicza
Tematy:
computational intelligence
feature selection
neural network
random forest
air pollution forecasting
inteligencja obliczeniowa
selekcja cech
sieć neuronowa
lasy losowe
zanieczyszczenie powietrza
Opis:
The paper discusses methods of data mining for prediction of air pollution. Two tasks in such a problem are important: generation and selection of the prognostic features, and the final prognostic system of the pollution for the next day. An advanced set of features, created on the basis of the atmospheric parameters, is proposed. This set is subject to analysis and selection of the most important features from the prediction point of view. Two methods of feature selection are compared. One applies a genetic algorithm (a global approach), and the other—a linear method of stepwise fit (a locally optimized approach). On the basis of such analysis, two sets of the most predictive features are selected. These sets take part in prediction of the atmospheric pollutants PM10, SO2, NO2 and O3. Two approaches to prediction are compared. In the first one, the features selected are directly applied to the random forest (RF), which forms an ensemble of decision trees. In the second case, intermediate predictors built on the basis of neural networks (the multilayer perceptron, the radial basis function and the support vector machine) are used. They create an ensemble integrated into the final prognosis. The paper shows that preselection of the most important features, cooperating with an ensemble of predictors, allows increasing the forecasting accuracy of atmospheric pollution in a significant way.
Źródło:
International Journal of Applied Mathematics and Computer Science; 2016, 26, 2; 467-478
1641-876X
2083-8492
Pojawia się w:
International Journal of Applied Mathematics and Computer Science
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Impact of air pollution on depression and suicide
Autorzy:
Gładka, Anna
Rymaszewska, Joanna
Zatoński, Tomasz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2162032.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018-12-20
Wydawca:
Instytut Medycyny Pracy im. prof. dra Jerzego Nofera w Łodzi
Tematy:
depression
suicide
Mental Health
air pollution
air quality
mood disorders
Opis:
Air pollution is one of the greatest public health threats worldwide. All substances appearing in excessive quantities in the atmosphere, such as particulate matter, nitrogen oxides or sulphur oxides may be its ingredients. Depending on their size and nature, these compounds may cause greater risk of suffering from respiratory or cardiovascular diseases for exposed people as well as exacerbation and increased mortality due to these illnesses. Smaller particles may penetrate the brain’s blood barrier and thus affect the central nervous system. In many studies, they have been shown to have negative effects on brain structure, like diminishing white matter or neuronal degeneration, leading to the earlier onset of Alzheimer or Parkinson disease. Nevertheless, there are reports of association of air pollution with mood disorders, depression, and even suicide. There are many risk factors for these conditions, most important of which are the social situation or chronic diseases. However, it has also been confirmed that the environment may affect mental health. This article will present experimental, clinical and epidemiological studies on exposure to air pollution and its impact on depressive disorders and suicide. Our goal is to determine the relationship between air pollution and incidence of depression and suicides. Int J Occup Med Environ Health 2018;31(6):711–721
Źródło:
International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health; 2018, 31, 6; 711-721
1232-1087
1896-494X
Pojawia się w:
International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Air pollution and hydromorphological description of the river
Autorzy:
Cichowicz, Robert
Michalska, Barbara
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1178424.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Przedsiębiorstwo Wydawnictw Naukowych Darwin / Scientific Publishing House DARWIN
Tematy:
RHS
atmospheric air
hydromorphological status
pollutant emissions
Opis:
Hydromorphological assessment of surface water status not only takes into account biological and physicochemical components, but also structural characteristics of surface waters including among others: hydrological regime, river continuity and morphological conditions. It should be borne in mind that the quality of surface water is also influenced by atmospheric conditions and the type of pollution that occurs in the areas surrounding the catchment area. Because harmful substances can get into the tanks both as a result of precipitation that can absorb atmospheric pollutants and by leaching from neighboring areas of solid contaminants there. It is therefore important to conduct surface water analysis in conjunction with air quality monitoring.
Źródło:
World Scientific News; 2017, 73; 80-91
2392-2192
Pojawia się w:
World Scientific News
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Galls on Alstonia scholaris leaves as air pollution indicator
Autorzy:
Talukdar, Partha
Das, Kaushiki
Dhar, Shrinjana
Talapatra, Soumendra Nath
Swarnakar, Snehasikta
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1189972.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Przedsiębiorstwo Wydawnictw Naukowych Darwin / Scientific Publishing House DARWIN
Tematy:
Automobile air pollution
gall formation
bioindicator plant
leaf morphology and anatomy
Air Pollution Index (API)
Alstonia scholaris
Opis:
Air pollution arises mainly from automobiles and industries is well known fact. Monitoring and detection by instrument cannot be possible everywhere however, indication from plant species by their alterations in leaf morphology and anatomy may be a suitable easy screening measurement. The present study aims to detect morphological features with special reference to gall quantification and anatomy of leaves of Alstonia scholaris R. Br., found in eastern Indian urban and suburban area that are exposed to vehicular emission. The results indicated alterations of leaf morphology along with length (L), breadth (B), L/B ratio and significantly increased (P < 0.001, 0.01 and 0.05) Air Pollution Index (API). It is concluded that vehicular emission can be monitored as an early indication through increased API in A. scholaris. Further research would be needed in relation to secondary metabolites alteration, biochemical and genetic parameters to know pollutant susceptibility as an indicator. In addition, anatomical abnormalities in gall formation as well as numbers were also pronounced in leaves exposed to various load of air pollution.
Źródło:
World Scientific News; 2016, 52; 181-194
2392-2192
Pojawia się w:
World Scientific News
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Cardiovascular diseases and air pollution in Novi Sad, Serbia
Autorzy:
Jevtić, Marija
Dragić, Nataša
Bijelović, Sanja
Popović, Milka
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2178813.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014-05-17
Wydawca:
Instytut Medycyny Pracy im. prof. dra Jerzego Nofera w Łodzi
Tematy:
ambient air pollution
cardiovascular diseases
patient admission
effects of pollutants
exposure-outcome relation
Opis:
Objectives: A large body of evidence has documented that air pollutants have adverse effect on human health as well as on the environment. The aim of this study was to determine whether there was an association between outdoor concentrations of sulfur dioxide (SO₂) and nitrogen dioxide (NO₂) and a daily number of hospital admissions due to cardiovascular diseases (CVD) in Novi Sad, Serbia among patients aged above 18. Material and Methods: The investigation was carried out during over a 3-year period (from January 1, 2007 to December 31, 2009) in the area of Novi Sad. The number (N = 10 469) of daily CVD (ICD-10: I00-I99) hospital admissions was collected according to patients' addresses. Daily mean levels of NO₂ and SO₂, measured in the ambient air of Novi Sad via a network of fixed samplers, have been used to put forward outdoor air pollution. Associations between air pollutants and hospital admissions were firstly analyzed by the use of the linear regression in a single polluted model, and then trough a single and multi-polluted adjusted generalized linear Poisson model. Results: The single polluted model (without confounding factors) indicated that there was a linear increase in the number of hospital admissions due to CVD in relation to the linear increase in concentrations of SO₂ (p = 0.015; 95% confidence interval (95% CI): 0.144-1.329, R² = 0.005) and NO₂ (p = 0.007; 95% CI: 0.214-1.361, R² = 0.007). However, the single and multi-polluted adjusted models revealed that only NO₂ was associated with the CVD (p = 0.016, relative risk (RR) = 1.049, 95% CI: 1.009-1.091 and p = 0.022, RR = 1.047, 95% CI: 1.007-1.089, respectively). Conclusions: This study shows a significant positive association between hospital admissions due to CVD and outdoor NO₂ concentrations in the area of Novi Sad, Serbia.
Źródło:
International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health; 2014, 27, 2; 153-164
1232-1087
1896-494X
Pojawia się w:
International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Air pollution – awareness among the most susceptible groups of patients
Autorzy:
Price, S.
Rawiak, A.
Pazio, M.
Wójcik, N.
Kuch, M.
Braksator, W.
Król, W.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1918764.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Medyczny w Białymstoku
Tematy:
Air
pollution
awareness
survey
susceptible
Opis:
Purpose: Air pollution is one of the most important and often underestimated causes of death worldwide. The study evaluates awareness of its effects on health, access to information and seeking protection from pollution among the most susceptible population. Materials and methods: A 22-item survey was constructed (Cronbach’s α=0.81), including two parts, 1 -‘Awareness’ and 2 - ‘Personal protection and access to information’ and four independent questions. It was distributed among 107 hospital patients at high risk of adverse health effects from air pollution. Results: Scores in part 1 of the survey were relatively high. Lower results were achieved in the second part. Significant differences in responses to the surveys were found depending on gender, age and education. Patients’ main sources of information are (in order): television, the Internet and radio. Access to information was mostly rated as insufficient. Few patients use anti-pollution facemasks or indoor air filters (5.8% and 2.9%, respectively). Conclusions: Despite patients’ decent awareness, access to information is poor among the most susceptible population and needs to be improved urgently. More reliable sources of information need to be provided. null
Źródło:
Progress in Health Sciences; 2018, 8(2); 46-54
2083-1617
Pojawia się w:
Progress in Health Sciences
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
An approach to represent a combined exposure to air pollution
Autorzy:
Szyszkowicz, Mieczyslaw
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2177164.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015-07-17
Wydawca:
Instytut Medycyny Pracy im. prof. dra Jerzego Nofera w Łodzi
Tematy:
ambient air pollution
case-crossover
odds ratio
index
emergency department visit
air pollution
Opis:
Objectives The objective of this study was to present a technique for estimating the effect of ambient air pollution mix on health outcomes. Material and Methods We created a technique of indexing air pollution mix as a cause of the increased odds of health problems. As an illustrative example, we analyzed the impact of pollution on the frequency of emergency department (ED) visits due to colitis among young patients (age < 15 years, N = 11 110). Our technique involves 2 steps. First, we considered 6 ambient air pollutants (carbon monoxide, nitrogen dioxide, sulphur dioxide, ozone, and 2 measures of particulate matter) treating each pollutant as a single exposure. Odds ratios (ORs) for ED visits associated with a standard increase (interquartile range – IQR) in the pollutants levels were calculated using the case-crossover technique. The ORs and their 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) were also found for lagged exposures (for lags 1–9 days). Second, we defined a Health Air Study Index (HASI) to represent the combined impact of the 6 air pollutants. Results We obtained positive and statistically significant results for individual air pollutants and among them the following estimations: OR = 1.06 (95% CI: 1.02–1.1, NO₂ lag 3, IQR = 12.8 ppb), OR = 1.04 (95% CI: 1.01–1.07, SO₂ lag 4, IQR = 2.3 ppb), OR = 1.04 (95% CI: 1–1.06, PM lag 3, IQR = 6.2 μg/m³). Among the re-calculated ORs with the HASI values as an exposure, the highest estimated value was OR = 1.37 (95% CI: 1.12–1.68, for 1 unit of the HASI, lag 3). Conclusions The proposed index (HASI) allows to confirm the pattern of associations for lags obtained for individual air pollutants. In the presented example the used index (HASI) indicates the strongest relation with the exposure lagged by 3 days.
Źródło:
International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health; 2015, 28, 5; 823-830
1232-1087
1896-494X
Pojawia się w:
International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Epidemiology of Selected Diseases Related to Air Pollution in Krakow
Autorzy:
Petryk, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/125005.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Inżynierii Ekologicznej
Tematy:
air pollution
smog
low emission
morbidity
Opis:
Excessive concentrations of smog toxicants constitute a critical factor influencing the health quality of inhabitants of urban agglomerations. The exposure to elevated concentrations of suspended particulate matter, sulfur dioxide (SO2), nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and carbon monoxide (CO) is associated with an increase of adverse health effects. Prolonged exposure to air pollution, especially from low emission, may be linked not only to a greater risk of developing cancer of the respiratory system, or cardiovascular morbidity but also to the increased frequency of admissions to hospitals and emergency units as well as medical consultations in surgeries and outpatient clinics. The issue was investigated using the city of Cracow as an example. Attempts were made to find the connection between air pollution in the city of Cracow and the frequency of hospitalization and medical consultations of patients (registered in the city) due to lung and bronchial malignancy and cardiac dysrhythmia taking into account the data from the years 2010-2016 submitted by the Malopolska Regional Branch of the National Health Fund.
Źródło:
Journal of Ecological Engineering; 2018, 19, 6; 124-131
2299-8993
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Ecological Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Badania zanieczyszczenia powietrza w Lublinie
Air Pollution Research in Lublin
Autorzy:
Kaszewski, Bogusław M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2079564.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej
Tematy:
particulate pollution
gaseous pollution
bioaerosols
air pollution
measurements
Lublin
zanieczyszczenia przez pył
zanieczyszczenia gazowe
bioaerozole
zanieczyszczenie powietrza
pomiary
Opis:
Na podstawie literatury przedstawiono stan badań zanieczyszczenia powietrza w Lublinie w ujęciu historycznym – od połowy XX w. Głównie ze względu na brak wypracowanych metod badań prace tego typu w XX w. były nieliczne. Postęp w badaniach zanieczyszczenia powietrza w Lublinie zaznaczył się dopiero na początku XXI w. W niniejszym opracowaniu wydzielono trzy zasadnicze grupy prac, dotyczące: 1) zanieczyszczeń przez pył nieorganiczny; 2) zanieczyszczeń gazowych; 3) bioaerozolu. Wśród czynników wpływających na jakość powietrza w Lublinie i na zróżnicowanie przestrzenne stężeń zanieczyszczeń istotne znaczenie ma nie tylko lokalna i napływowa emisja ze źródeł komunalno-bytowych (zachodząca w sezonie grzewczym) czy całoroczna emisja z tras komunikacyjnych (lokalnego i tranzytowego transportu samochodowego) i źródeł przemysłowych, lecz także występujące niekorzystne warunki meteorologiczne (np. w okresie zimy występująca czasem niewielka prędkość wiatru przy niskiej temperaturze), zróżnicowanie hipsometryczne miasta i gęstość zabudowy.
Based on the literature, the state of air pollution research in Lublin is presented in historical terms – from the mid-20th century. Due to the lack of developed research methods, there were not many publications of that type in the 20th century. Progress in the study of air pollution in Lublin did not appear until the beginning of the 21st century. In the paper, three main groups of works have been distinguished: 1) on inorganic particulate pollution; 2) on gaseous pollution; 3) on bioaerosols. Among the factors affecting air quality in Lublin and spatial differentiation of pollution concentrations are not only local and incoming emissions from municipal and domestic sources (occurring during the heating season) or all-year emissions from communication routes (local and transit road transport) and industrial sources, but also unfavorable meteorological conditions (e.g. occasional low wind speed and low temperature in winter), hypsometric diversity and building density of the city.
Źródło:
Annales Universitatis Mariae Curie-Sklodowska, sectio B – Geographia, Geologia, Mineralogia et Petrographia; 2020, 75; 69-86
0137-1983
Pojawia się w:
Annales Universitatis Mariae Curie-Sklodowska, sectio B – Geographia, Geologia, Mineralogia et Petrographia
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Air pollution with heavy metals compounds in Vinnytsia region, Ukraine
Autorzy:
Ishchenko, V.
Styskal, O.
Vasylkivsky, I.
Kvaterniuk, S.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/402485.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Politechnika Świętokrzyska w Kielcach. Wydawnictwo PŚw
Tematy:
heavy metals
air pollution
emissions
Opis:
The dynamics of emission of heavy metals compounds into the air in Vinnytsia region (Ukraine) in 2003-2010 years is analyzed. The level of pollution for compounds of some heavy metals (Cd, Hg) has arisen, for others – has decreased (Pb, Cr) or has not changed (As, Ni). The sources of such pollution are defined according to the amount of the emissions of heavy metals compounds in different sectors of economy. In Vinnytsia region they include transport, industrial plants and municipal sector. Great quantity of transport and hazardous materials are consdered as the reasons of increasing of heavy metals emissions. Usage of more environment friendly resources (e.g. unleaded gasoline, natural gas instead of coal) is defined as the reason of reduction of heavy metals emission.
Źródło:
Structure and Environment; 2014, 6, 1; 33-37
2081-1500
Pojawia się w:
Structure and Environment
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
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