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    Wyświetlanie 1-3 z 3
    Tytuł:
    CZYNNOŚCI OPERACYJNE – BEZPIECZEŃSTWO OBYWATELI A BEZPIECZEŃSTWO FUNKCJONARIUSZY
    Autorzy:
    Joanna, Stojer-Polańska,
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/891641.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2018-08-21
    Wydawca:
    Wyższa Szkoła Bezpieczeństwa Publicznego i Indywidualnego Apeiron w Krakowie
    Tematy:
    Operational and reconnaissance activities
    security
    right to freedom
    Opis:
    The article concerns operational and reconnaissance activities. Described were services eligible to perform such actions, as well as an objective scope of operational activities. For there is a lack of statutory definition of appointed activities. Presented were controversies related to operational and reconnaissance activities, that is a conflict of the right to security with the right to freedom. Signalized was also a necessity of providing legal security to officers, who perform operational activities.
    Źródło:
    Kultura Bezpieczeństwa. Nauka – Praktyka – Refleksje; 2014, 16; 464-473
    2299-4033
    Pojawia się w:
    Kultura Bezpieczeństwa. Nauka – Praktyka – Refleksje
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Bank loans denominated and indexed to foreign currency ‒ a Polish, Ukrainian or Europe-Wide problem?
    Autorzy:
    Krzysztof, Koźmiński,
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/903045.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2017-11-20
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydawnictwa Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego
    Tematy:
    bank
    mortgage denominated/indexed to foreign currency
    exchange
    freedom of contract
    rebus sic stantibus
    consumer rights
    abusive clauses
    Opis:
    The institution of a bank mortgage denominated/indexed to foreign currency (referred to generally and not very precisely as “foreign currency loan” or “loan adjusted to foreign currency”) is an instrument commonly used by a broad group of citizens of European states for acquiring capital with a view to purchasing a housing unit. Until recently, such loans were popular not only in Poland and other countries belonging to the so-called “New Union” (those whose accession took place within the last decade or so: Czech Republic, Slovakia, Romania, Hungary and Croatia), Austria, Spain, Italy, Portugal, but also outside of the borders of the Union: in Russia, Serbia and Ukraine (however, one difference was the currency in which obligations were evaluated – whilst loans in EU countries were dominated by the Swiss Franc, Ukrainian lendees more frequently relied upon loans “adjusted” to the U.S. dollar). Regardless of differences persisting in legislative regimes, peculiarities of national legal systems and local economic and social conditions, in all those countries doubts have arisen whether a drastic change in currency rate (which results in an obligation to pay off a loan on conditions much less attractive than beforehand) constitutes a legally relevant circumstance that could permit one to release oneself from having to perform one’s contractual duties or, at least, facilitate granting some relief in fulfilling increasingly more onerous obligations towards banks. To discuss the permissibility and legal aspects of foreign currency loan contracts is complicated not only from the juridical point of view, but is also of interest to society, politics and economics. Still, the problem attracts strong emotions, particularly among lendees who took out a foreign currency loan and now feel deceived due to a change of the currency rate. The lendees and their organizations often expect involvement, particularly from EU bodies, where, in their estimation, domestic authorities have failed or “succumbed to the banking lobby”. Unfortunately, having observed the course of events over the last several years, one may surmise that the low number of judgments in cases concerning denominated bank loans, and especially the sceptical approach of the Court of Justice, have generated a lot of disappointment.
    Źródło:
    Studia Iuridica; 2017, 71; 117-135
    0137-4346
    Pojawia się w:
    Studia Iuridica
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Combating Dangerous People under the Act on Mental Health Protection and “the Beast Act”
    Autorzy:
    Katarzyna, Różaniecka,
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/902985.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2016
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydawnictwa Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego
    Tematy:
    mental disease
    mental disorder
    postpenal detention
    mental health
    Act on Mental Health Protection
    Act on the Procedures Applicable to People with Mental Disorders Posing Threat to Other People’s Life
    Health or Sexual Freedom
    Opis:
    The aim of the article is presenting two ways of the state’s response to the danger caused by individuals with mental disorders pursuant to the Act on Mental Health Protection and the Act on the Procedures Applicable to People with Mental Disorders Posing Threat to Other People’s Life, Health or Sexual Freedom. There is a need to provide safety to society which justifies applying measures which often interfere with human freedom. The connection between mental sanity and the criminal justice system is complex, and it can be treated as a scene upon which the society projects different attitudes, emotions and feelings about responsibility, free will, autonomy, public safety and the meaning and purpose of punishment. Not every kind of mental disorder creates a danger for others – yet, the fact that there is a high probability of committing a crime imposes the necessity of an adequate state reaction. Mindful of the level of an individual’s
    Źródło:
    Studia Iuridica; 2016, 67; 225-238
    0137-4346
    Pojawia się w:
    Studia Iuridica
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
      Wyświetlanie 1-3 z 3

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