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    Wyświetlanie 1-7 z 7
    Tytuł:
    What Shall We Do with Our Boys? An Impact of the GI Bill on the US Economy
    Autorzy:
    Kowalski, Kamil
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/652688.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2016
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
    Tematy:
    conversion
    GI Bill
    Post-war economy
    Roosevelt
    I24
    N32
    N42
    Opis:
    The GI Bill of Rights (The Servicemen’s Readjustment Act of 1944) was a comprehensive program to aid returning veterans in their speedy readjustment to a civilian life. Its role was also to enable the veterans to fit them into the civilian economy. In the first part of the text, the economic and political context of the discussion around the Bill is discussed. The author refers to the popular belief that the end of the war was expected to result in the return of another economic depression. The latter was to be deepened by winding down war production and speeded up by returning servicemen. The text examines how the Bill was to tackle that challenge. The main body of the article is built around the analysis of the provisions of the Act that relate to the benefits for the former soldiers. This includes a mustering-out pay, education benefits, medical care for the disabled in the war, unemployment insurance, an allowance credit and pensions for disabled veterans. The requirements, terms of funding and sum of benefits are presented and discussed. The last part concludes with the general remarks about the significance of the Bill and its contemporary perception in the USA.
    Źródło:
    Annales. Etyka w Życiu Gospodarczym; 2016, 19, 4
    1899-2226
    2353-4869
    Pojawia się w:
    Annales. Etyka w Życiu Gospodarczym
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    The Ethical Aspect of the Relationship of the Individual and the State in the Libertarian Perspective of Murray N. Rothbard
    Autorzy:
    Płaszczyca, Małgorzata
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/652644.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2014-12
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
    Tematy:
    libertarianism
    Murray N. Rothbard
    state
    individual rights
    Opis:
    On the grounds of the libertarian ethics presented by Murray N. Rothbard, the state is an institution which acts against individuals and whole societies. The state steals money from its citizens (taxes), stands in the way of free market development and controls the economy, thus hindering entrepreneurship. Besides that, the state – through its rules and regulations – limits every man's right to make moral choices. The state is an immoral institution, therefore its citizens have the right to refuse to pay taxes, follow orders, and even – in some circumstances – corrupt civil servants. In this paper we analyse Rothbard’s ethics and look into the arguments of critics of libertarian thought. Practical social and economic solutions that emerge from Rothbard’s point of view are also considered.
    Źródło:
    Annales. Etyka w Życiu Gospodarczym; 2014, 17, 4
    1899-2226
    2353-4869
    Pojawia się w:
    Annales. Etyka w Życiu Gospodarczym
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    John Bloch’s The Future of War Pacifism Based on Economics
    Autorzy:
    Pieczewski, Andrzej
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/652660.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2016
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
    Tematy:
    World War I
    pacifism
    economics
    B31
    N43
    Opis:
    John Bloch (1839–1902) was a railroad tycoon, banker, social activist, philanthropist and man of science. He was shortlisted for the Nobel Peace Prize in 1902 for his multi-volume work entitled The Future of War in its Technical, Economic and Political Relations, which was dubbed ‘the bible of pacifism.’ Thanks to his multilayered activities he perfectly fits the positivist ideals of his time. Despite this, due to the course of history and ‘unfavourable circumstances’ for featuring his figure, for decades he was largely forgotten.The goal of this article is to present Jon Bloch and his works in the fields of entrepreneurship, science and most of all his attempts in aid of peace. I will present his major pacifist hypotheses and arguments which are included in his work The Future of War. The author substituted the usual religious and humanitarian arguments in aid of peace, with economic assertions. Published in many languages, the book became essential reading for the intellectuals and politicians at the break of 20th c., while Bloch gained the nickname of ‘the father of contemporary pacifism.’ In order to verify the legitimacy of this claim I will contrast Bloch’s work to a work entitled The Great Illusion, by Norman Angell. Published in 1909, eleven years after the first publication of The Future of War, Angell’s The Great Illusion is wellknown to the Anglo-Saxon readership.
    Źródło:
    Annales. Etyka w Życiu Gospodarczym; 2016, 19, 4
    1899-2226
    2353-4869
    Pojawia się w:
    Annales. Etyka w Życiu Gospodarczym
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Unifiability and Structural Completeness in Relation Algebras and in Products of Modal Logic S5
    Autorzy:
    Dzik, Wojciech
    Wróbel, Beniamin
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/749956.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2015
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
    Tematy:
    admissible rules
    passive rules
    unification
    projective unification
    almost structural completeness
    n-modal logic S5n
    relation algebras
    representable diagonal-free cylindric algebras
    Opis:
    Unifiability of terms (and formulas) and structural completeness in the variety of relation algebras RA and in the products of modal logic S5 is investigated. Nonunifiable terms (formulas) which are satisfiable in varieties (in logics) are exhibited. Consequently, RA and products of S5 as well as representable diagonal-free n-dimensional cylindric algebras, RDfn, are almost structurally complete but not structurally complete. In case of S5n a basis for admissible rules and the form of all passive rules are provided.
    Źródło:
    Bulletin of the Section of Logic; 2015, 44, 1-2
    0138-0680
    2449-836X
    Pojawia się w:
    Bulletin of the Section of Logic
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Impact of the Credit Rating Agencies on the Financial Crisis 2007–2009
    Autorzy:
    Marciniak, Piotr
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/652843.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2015-12
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
    Tematy:
    financial crisis 2008
    credit rating agencies
    market ratings
    speculative bubble
    business ethics
    G24
    N20
    Opis:
    The paper presents some ethical aspects of the credit rating agencies (CRAs) market in the light of the latest economic crisis of 2008. A historical background is also shown and how the CRA market emerged. It is emphasised how the functioning of CRAs contributed to the outbreak of the crisis and what were the consequences of over- or underestimated rating grades. The downgrading of a country has a significant influence on the deterioration of the economic condition. Simultaneously, it afflicts the citizens, who have to pay for it e.g. with higher tax rates. It is believed that overestimated ratings lead to a speculative bubble, which ends up with the crisis. The paper indicates the problems connected with the way that CRAs operate and how they relate to business ethics. The fact that those institutions are profitprofile entities, which earn their income from clients, whose financial instruments are assessed, may bring about a conflict of interests. Moreover, it is outlined how the governmental policies of countries left CRAs without any particular control, which in the end was a significant factor, too. Finally, some potential solutions are discussed, and how the approach of CRA managers should change in order to prevent the market from similar situations in the future.
    Źródło:
    Annales. Etyka w Życiu Gospodarczym; 2015, 18, 4
    1899-2226
    2353-4869
    Pojawia się w:
    Annales. Etyka w Życiu Gospodarczym
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Nieokreśloność gatunkowa i rozbieżność interpretacji: postmodernistyczne spojrzenie na Salome Oscara Wilde’a
    Generic indeterminacy and divergence of interpretation: post-modernist look at Oscar Wilde’s Salomé
    Autorzy:
    Słowik, Agata
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/459606.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2013
    Wydawca:
    Fundacja Pro Scientia Publica
    Tematy:
    fi n de siècle
    dekadentyzm
    Wilde
    dramat
    parodia
    postmodernizm
    fin de siècle
    Decadence
    drama
    parody
    post-modernism
    Opis:
    Oscar Wilde. Mistrz ciętej riposty i błyskotliwego aforyzmu a jednocześnie przenikliwy obserwator wyższej klasy społeczeństwa wiktoriańskiego. W swojej twórczości wielokrotnie krytykuje społeczeństwo brytyjskiego dekadentyzmu, jednak nigdy w sposób oczywisty. Najlep-szym tego przykładem jest sztuka Salomé, przez wielu krytyków traktowana jako dramat czy też klasyczna tragedia, będąca jednak zawoalowaną drwiną a nawet metaforą zdegenerowanych wyższych sfer brytyjskiego fi n de siècle. Autor celowo defamiliaryzuje sztukę poprzez osadzenie akcji w czasach biblij nych w celu nie tylko spotęgowania jej odbioru, ale także zapobiegnięcia automatyzacji percypowania. Dzięki temu Salomé jest nie tylko głównym obrazem archetypu femme fatale czyli kobiety fatalnej, ale staje się także samoświadomym i samorefl eksyjnym satyrycznym krytycyzmem. Jednakże taka interpretacja możliwa jest tylko przy postmodernistycznym spojrzeniu na teorię parodii i autoironii reprezentowaną m.in. przez Lindę Hutcheon czy Michele Hannoosh
    In his play Salomé, Oscar Wilde provides readers with the veiled commentary on the vices of nineteenth century bourgeois society. He sets the action in Biblical times in order to point out the characteristic qualities of the Victorian man by means of defamiliarization. Wilde manages to heighten the awareness of his reading public, not only by the use of such a ploy, but also - most importantly - by skilful deployment of parody, which once again allows him to delude his contemporaries with a ‘knife in the pillow’ device. Indeed, even though the reading of Salomé in terms of its parodic quality at fi rst might seem as atypical, it reinforces the play’s deeply ironic and critical overtone and allows multi-layered interpretation. Therefore, it is due only to such a post-modernist analysis that the play can be understood as both a self-conscious and self-refl exive criticism, and an extended metaphor of the fi n de siècle upper class society.
    Źródło:
    Ogrody Nauk i Sztuk; 2013, 3
    2084-1426
    Pojawia się w:
    Ogrody Nauk i Sztuk
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    British-Polish Protocol in light of the Court of Justice of the European Union jurisprudence (N.S. v Secretary of State, Bonda, Fransson)
    Autorzy:
    Olga, Kazalska,
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/902552.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2016
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydawnictwa Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego
    Tematy:
    British-Polish Protocol
    Charter of Fundamental Rights
    the Court of Justice of the European Union
    N.S. v Secretary of State
    Bonda
    Fransson
    Opis:
    The Protocol No. 30 on the application of the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union to Poland and to the United Kingdom, so called “British-Polish Protocol”, annexed in 2007 to the Treaties by means of the Lisbon Treaty, led to many interpretational disputes about its legal status and consequences for application of the Charter in Poland and United Kingdom. However, the Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU), continuing the protection of human and fundamental rights contained in the Charter, dispels some doubts concerning the Protocol significance through its case law. Judgment of the CJEU of December 21, 2011 in joined cases N.S. (C-411/10) v Secretary of State for the Home Department et M. E. and Others (C-493/10) v Refugee Applications Commissioner and Minister for Justice, Equality and Law Reform, as well as Advocate General’s Verica Trstenjak opinion delivered on September 22, 2011, confirms the normative content of art. 51 of the Charter of Fundamental Rights, so that the applicability of the Charter in the United Kingdom or in Poland is unchallengeable. Significance of the Advocate General’s Juliane Kokott’s opinion, delivered on December 15, 2011, in case General Prosecutor v Łukasz Marcin Bonda (C-489/10) should not go unnoticed. It states that Protocol No. 30 cannot be seen as an opt-out clause, but shall be regarded as having only clarifying character and as construction guidelines. Broad scope interpretation of the Charter was what CJEU called in the case Åklagaren v Hans Åkerberg Fransson (C-617/10). It allowed to develop common standards for the interpretation and application of European Union fundamental rights.
    Źródło:
    Studia Iuridica; 2016, 68; 125-140
    0137-4346
    Pojawia się w:
    Studia Iuridica
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
      Wyświetlanie 1-7 z 7

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